CN108891024B - Spatial structure suitable for continuous fiber 3D printing and printing method - Google Patents
Spatial structure suitable for continuous fiber 3D printing and printing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108891024B CN108891024B CN201810796388.9A CN201810796388A CN108891024B CN 108891024 B CN108891024 B CN 108891024B CN 201810796388 A CN201810796388 A CN 201810796388A CN 108891024 B CN108891024 B CN 108891024B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/165—Processes of additive manufacturing using a combination of solid and fluid materials, e.g. a powder selectively bound by a liquid binder, catalyst, inhibitor or energy absorber
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
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Abstract
The invention provides a spatial structure suitable for 3D printing of continuous fibers, which comprises a plurality of parallel grid structures and a bearing surface vertical to the adjacent grid structures. Each grid structure is composed of rod-shaped supporting rods, and each bearing surface is composed of rod-shaped rods and bearing areas. The space structure of the invention printed by the 3D printing method combines the lattice structure and the 3D printing, and the manufactured material has the characteristics of light weight, high bearing capacity, stable mechanical bearing on a structural unit, high manufacturing speed, low technical difficulty, no need of a precise mold and shortened manufacturing period.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of additive manufacturing by using continuous fiber reinforced resin, and belongs to the technical field of composite material structure design and manufacturing.
Background
With the development of aerospace, more rigorous requirements are put forward on light weight and multiple functions of a material structure. Designers are seeking a high load bearing material which can replace common sandwich materials such as honeycomb and foam, and provide a foundation for reducing weight and increasing navigation of an aircraft. At present, lattice structures present unique advantages: different densities and different loads can be designed according to requirements, a large number of cavities are distributed in the bearing, functions of stealth, energy storage, damping and the like can be integrated, and the bearing is a perfect combination of structure-stealth integration.
At present, methods for forming a dot matrix structure mainly include hand lay-up forming, prepreg forming technology, compression molding technology, autoclave forming technology, flexible film forming technology, winding forming technology, and the like. The molding technologies have high requirements on mold design and assembly of each part, and have the disadvantages of complicated steps, long molding period and high cost, so that the application of a lattice structure, particularly a lattice core material, in the industrial field is limited.
The continuous fiber reinforced 3D printing technology has the advantages of high speed, simple steps, short forming period and the like, but the space structure printed by the conventional continuous fiber reinforced 3D printing technology has the same shape from the printing surface to the top of a workpiece and is superposed layer by layer, and the height direction does not contain a middle disconnected part, so that a hollow structure or a hollow structure can not be realized according to the difference of positions.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a space structure suitable for continuous fiber 3D printing and a printing method, and can solve the technical problem that a lattice structure cannot be printed by continuous fibers in a 3D mode in the prior art.
The invention provides a space structure suitable for 3D printing of continuous fibers, which comprises a plurality of parallel grid structures, wherein a bearing surface perpendicular to the grid structures is arranged between every two adjacent grid structures. Each grid structure is composed of rod-shaped supporting rods, and each bearing surface is composed of rod-shaped rods and bearing areas.
The rod-shaped supporting rod is a columnar object, contains continuous fibers, has the fiber content of more than 30 percent V, and preferably has a circular or square section. The geometric dimension of each part of the strut can be changed along with the requirement of mechanical load bearing.
The rod-shaped rods are perpendicular to the grid structures, and the connecting nodes of the rod-shaped support rods of two adjacent grid structures are used as starting and stopping points.
The bearing area is vertical to the grid structure, the height of the bearing area is the length of the rod-shaped support rod, and one side of the bearing area takes the length of the rod-shaped support rod as the side length.
The bearing area comprises a core material and a reinforcing skin, wherein the core material is made of pure resin or resin containing discontinuous fiber reinforcement, and the reinforcing skin is made of thermoplastic material reinforced by continuous fibers and is laid on one side or two sides of the core material.
The shape of the bearing area is related to a specific structure.
The thickness of the bearing area can not be more than 2 times of the maximum size of the rod-shaped supporting rod, and the thickness is preferably equal.
The connecting node is rounded at the node, and preferably, a chamfer with the radius not less than 1mm exists at the connecting node.
The 3D printing method comprises the following five steps:
1. a first layer of a lattice structure of rod-like struts is printed using continuous fibers.
2. The rod-shaped bars and the load bearing zone core material are printed perpendicular to the direction of the network structure using discontinuous fibers, forming part of the load bearing surface of the nth (1, 2, 3 … …) layer, the load bearing zone core material thickness being no less than one third of the final load bearing zone thickness.
3. And (3) taking the core material as a template at one side or two sides of the lateral plane vertical to the core material of the bearing area, laying one or more layers of continuous fiber reinforced materials, wherein the thickness is determined according to the design size, and finishing the printing of the nth bearing surface.
4. Printing the n +1 th layer of the network structure on the n-th layer of the supporting surface by using the continuous fibers.
5. Repeating the steps 2, 3 and 4 until the designed size is reached.
By applying the technical scheme of the invention, the beneficial effects are as follows:
1. according to the invention, the space structure printed by using the continuous fiber 3D printing method realizes the 3D printing of the continuous fibers with the lattice structure.
2. According to the space structure, the bearing surface is added between the two layers of grid structures to support the grid structures, the bearing area is designed on the bearing surface, and the reinforcing skin is laid on the bearing area to improve the bearing capacity, so that the manufactured material has the characteristics of light weight, high bearing capacity and stable mechanical bearing on the structural unit.
3. The space structure manufactured by using the continuous fiber 3D printing method has the advantages of 3D printing and manufacturing, so that the production of the lattice structure has the advantages of high manufacturing speed, low technical difficulty, no need of a precise mold, short manufacturing period and the like, and a way is provided for accelerating the customization of the lattice structure and the lightweight application of parts.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort.
The invention lists two space member structures, fig. 1 to 3 are quadrilateral space structures, and fig. 4 to 6 are triangular space structures.
Fig. 1 shows the overall configuration of a quadrilateral spatial structure;
FIG. 2 shows a grid structure of a quadrilateral spatial structure;
FIG. 3 illustrates the structure of the bearing surface of a quadrilateral spatial structure;
FIG. 4 shows the overall configuration of a triangular space structure;
FIG. 5 shows a grid structure of a triangular space structure;
FIG. 6 illustrates the structure of the bearing surface of the triangular space structure;
fig. 7 shows a flow chart of a 3D printing method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1: spatial configuration of a quadrilateral
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, the working surface of the printing platform is set to be an X-Y plane, on the plane, the rod-shaped support rod is a square cylinder with the side length of the cross section of 1mm, the length of the rod-shaped support rod is 10mm, and a square frame body with the length of 10mm × 10mm is formed, and on the plane perpendicular to the X-Y plane, the rod-shaped rod is a square cylinder with the side length of 1mm, the length of the rod-shaped rod is 10mm, the bearing area is a right triangle with the side length of 10mm, and the thickness of the bearing area.
The materials used were: the rod-shaped supporting rod of the network structure is made of continuous carbon fiber reinforced nylon, the rod-shaped supporting rod is made of short carbon fiber reinforced nylon, the core material of the bearing area is made of short carbon fiber reinforced nylon with the thickness of 0.5mm, and the reinforcing skin is made of continuous fiber reinforced nylon with the thickness of 0.5 mm.
The above structural member prepared using continuous fiber 3D printing weighed about 900g with a load of 1MPa, exceeding that of a light foam of the same density; the printing time is 48 hours, compared with the common space lattice structure manufacturing, the manufacturing speed is improved by twenty times, no precise die is required to be processed, and the whole period is reduced to one forty times of the original period.
Example 2 spatial configuration of triangle
Referring to fig. 4, 5, 6, and 7, the printing method of the spatial structure of the triangle is as follows:
1. printing a first layer of grid structure on a working plane of a printer by using continuous fiber reinforced P L A, as shown in FIG. 5, wherein the rod-shaped supporting rod is a cylinder with a section side length of 2mm square and a height of 10mm, and forms an equilateral triangle;
2. and on a plane vertical to the grid structure, a short carbon fiber reinforced nylon is used for printing core materials of a rod-shaped rod and a triangular bearing area, the rod-shaped rod is a cylinder with a 2mm square cross section side length and is 7mm high, and the starting point and the stopping point are connecting points of the rod-shaped support rods of the adjacent grid structure. The thickness of triangle bearing area core is 1mm, and one of them right-angle side is support rod, and another right-angle side is the bracing piece, outwards prints along the inboard of support rod.
3. And (3) using a small spray head and continuous fiber reinforced nylon, wherein the small spray head and the continuous fiber reinforced nylon are perpendicular to a lateral plane of the bearing area, a core material of the bearing area is used as a template, and a plurality of layers of the continuous fiber reinforced nylon with the thickness of 1mm are laid on one side.
4. Printing of a layer 2 network structure on the first layer of bearing surface using continuous fibers.
5. Repeating the steps 2, 3 and 4 until the designed size is reached.
The above configuration, prepared using continuous fiber printing, weighs about 1.7kg and bears 1.5 MP. The printing time is 48 hours, compared with the common space lattice structure, the manufacturing speed is improved by sixteen times, no precise die is required to be processed, and the whole period is reduced to one thirtieth of the original period.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A spatial structure suitable for 3D printing of continuous fibers is characterized in that: the device comprises a plurality of parallel grid structures, wherein a bearing surface vertical to the grid structures is arranged between every two adjacent grid structures, each grid structure consists of rod-shaped supporting rods, each bearing surface consists of rod-shaped rods and a bearing area, the height of the bearing area is the length of each rod-shaped rod, and one side of each bearing area takes the length of each rod-shaped supporting rod as the side length; the bearing area comprises a core material and a reinforcing skin, wherein the core material is made of pure resin or resin containing discontinuous fiber reinforcement, and the reinforcing skin is made of continuous fiber reinforced material and is arranged on one side or two sides of the core material.
2. The spatial structure suitable for continuous fiber 3D printing according to claim 1, wherein: the rod-shaped supporting rod is a columnar object and contains continuous fibers.
3. The spatial structure suitable for continuous fiber 3D printing according to claim 1, wherein: the rod-shaped rod takes the connecting node of two adjacent rod-shaped support rods with the grid structure as a starting point and a stopping point.
4. The spatial structure suitable for continuous fiber 3D printing according to claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the bearing area is not more than 2 times of the maximum diameter of the rod-shaped supporting rod.
5. The spatial structure suitable for continuous fiber 3D printing according to claim 3, wherein: and the connecting node is rounded at the node.
6. A printing method for 3D printing of continuous fibers is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) printing a first layer of a grid structure consisting of rod-shaped struts by using continuous fibers;
2) printing rod-shaped rods and bearing area core materials by using discontinuous fibers in a direction perpendicular to the network structure to form a part of the bearing surface of the nth layer, wherein n is 1, 2, 3 … …;
3) paving continuous fiber reinforced materials on one side or two sides of a lateral plane vertical to the core materials of the bearing area by taking the core materials as a template to finish printing of the nth layer of bearing surface;
4) printing an n +1 layer network structure by using continuous fibers;
5) repeating the steps 2), 3) and 4) until the designed size is reached.
7. Printing method of continuous fiber 3D printing according to claim 6, characterized in that: the height of the bearing area is the length of the rod-shaped support rod, and one side of the bearing area takes the length of the rod-shaped support rod as the side length.
8. Printing method of continuous fiber 3D printing according to claim 6, characterized in that: the rod-shaped rod takes the connecting node of two adjacent rod-shaped support rods with the grid structure as a starting point and a stopping point.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810796388.9A CN108891024B (en) | 2018-07-19 | 2018-07-19 | Spatial structure suitable for continuous fiber 3D printing and printing method |
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| CN201810796388.9A CN108891024B (en) | 2018-07-19 | 2018-07-19 | Spatial structure suitable for continuous fiber 3D printing and printing method |
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| CN108891024A CN108891024A (en) | 2018-11-27 |
| CN108891024B true CN108891024B (en) | 2020-07-10 |
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| CN117627176B (en) * | 2024-01-25 | 2024-03-26 | 华南理工大学 | 3D space printing method for large-scale three-dimensional lattice structure |
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| EP1099538A1 (en) * | 1999-10-18 | 2001-05-16 | RCC Regional Compact Car AG | Method and apparatus for transferring and positioning continuous fibre tapes and for manufacturing fibre reinforced composite structural parts |
| CN101708638A (en) * | 2009-11-30 | 2010-05-19 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Assembly jig for preparing fiber reinforced pyramid dot matrix sandwich panel core |
| CN105033188A (en) * | 2015-05-22 | 2015-11-11 | 中国科学院固体物理研究所 | Aluminum-based dot matrix material based on 3D printing technology and preparation method thereof |
| CN106079459A (en) * | 2016-06-23 | 2016-11-09 | 江苏恒神股份有限公司 | A kind of cylindrical composite web material lattice structure preparation method |
| CN106980737A (en) * | 2017-04-12 | 2017-07-25 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of manufacture method of continuous fiber reinforced composite materials light structures |
| CN107433713A (en) * | 2017-09-04 | 2017-12-05 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of function controlling structure preparation method based on the multiple material 3D printing of continuous fiber |
| CN108127931A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-06-08 | 西安交通大学 | Imitative spider's thread nonlinear mechanics characteristic composite structure |
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2018
- 2018-07-19 CN CN201810796388.9A patent/CN108891024B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1099538A1 (en) * | 1999-10-18 | 2001-05-16 | RCC Regional Compact Car AG | Method and apparatus for transferring and positioning continuous fibre tapes and for manufacturing fibre reinforced composite structural parts |
| CN101708638A (en) * | 2009-11-30 | 2010-05-19 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Assembly jig for preparing fiber reinforced pyramid dot matrix sandwich panel core |
| CN105033188A (en) * | 2015-05-22 | 2015-11-11 | 中国科学院固体物理研究所 | Aluminum-based dot matrix material based on 3D printing technology and preparation method thereof |
| CN106079459A (en) * | 2016-06-23 | 2016-11-09 | 江苏恒神股份有限公司 | A kind of cylindrical composite web material lattice structure preparation method |
| CN106980737A (en) * | 2017-04-12 | 2017-07-25 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of manufacture method of continuous fiber reinforced composite materials light structures |
| CN107433713A (en) * | 2017-09-04 | 2017-12-05 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of function controlling structure preparation method based on the multiple material 3D printing of continuous fiber |
| CN108127931A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-06-08 | 西安交通大学 | Imitative spider's thread nonlinear mechanics characteristic composite structure |
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