CN108888508B

CN108888508B - Medical closed ampoule bottle

Info

Publication number: CN108888508B
Application number: CN201810600184.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈新; 陈振业
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2018-06-12
Filing date: 2018-06-12
Publication date: 2020-12-22
Anticipated expiration: 2038-06-12
Also published as: CN108888508A

Abstract

The invention discloses a medical closed ampoule bottle, which is characterized in that: the bottle body is provided with two bottle openings which are opposite to each other up and down; the upper bottle mouth is provided with a sealing cover, and the lower bottle mouth is internally provided with a piston made of flexible material; when the liquid medicine in the bottle cavity is sucked from the upper bottle mouth, the piston can slide and move to the upper bottle mouth along the inner wall of the bottle body. The advantages are that: the problem that the broken liquid medicine of the ampoule is wasted when a nurse pinches the ampoule hard to break the ampoule can be avoided; secondly, the hand of the nurse can be prevented from being punctured by crushing the ampoule; thirdly, glass fragment fragments can be prevented from falling into the liquid medicine when the ampoule is cracked, and the liquid medicine is pumped into the injector and injected into a human body; fourthly, the injury of the patient caused by the needle point curling possibly caused by the needle point bottom contact of the syringe caused by excessive force can be avoided; dust, haze, germs and viruses in the atmosphere can be prevented from falling into the liquid medicine; sixthly, possible spray and sneeze of the people breaking off the ampule can be avoided to be sprayed into the liquid medicine to cause pollution. Simple structure, convenient operation and high safety, and is suitable for storing injection or injection powder.

Description

Medical closed ampoule bottle

Technical Field

The invention relates to a medical ampoule, in particular to a medical closed ampoule bottle.

Background

First, glass ampoules (hereinafter, referred to as "background art one") before the 80's of the last century were bullet-shaped or rocket-shaped, and when liquid in the ampoules was extracted, most of the ampoules broke the head of the ampoule with tweezers, and the ampoule was opened first and then the liquid medicine was sucked, which had the following defects:

careless handling often leads to breaking of the ampoule body and spilling of the drug.

Second, even if the ampule body is intact, glass debris often falls into the liquid medicine, and fine glass debris (e.g. 50% glucose injection is sticky) is often sucked into the syringe along with the liquid medicine and the large-size needle and then injected into the human body. Especially intravenous injection, can cause pulmonary infarction; some medical accidents even involving doctors and nurses cannot know the real cause of death.

After the ampoule head is cracked, the liquid medicine in the ampoule body is exposed to the atmosphere, and wind sand, flying dust, floating dust, bacteria and viruses in the atmosphere are in danger of falling into the liquid medicine.

(IV) some nurses, especially those in the basic medical institution, often operate without mask, exhale, speak or sneeze, and directly spray pathogenic microorganisms in mouth and respiratory tract into the liquid medicine in the ampule to cause pollution. For example, in the early spring festival of 2003, the Chinese outbreak of "atypical pneumonia". Both doctors and patients need to wear masks, and medical staff often thicken (two or more) masks for self-protection. However, the problem is that the exhaled air is always going out.

And (V) in order to completely extract the liquid medicine in the ampule body, nurses often insert the syringe needle into the bottom of the ampule to suck, if the force is not appropriate, the needle tip is curled, and then the injection by the needle head causes pain to patients. Especially, vein injection and needle drawing can cause vein inner wall scratch to cause vein cord-like thrombus and subcutaneous blood stasis spot, and patients can cause thrombus to fall off pulmonary infarction if the patients do not properly press and knead the injured part.

And (VI) for medical institutions, the environment can be polluted by the full glass fragment debris.

Secondly, the ampoule with patent No. CN200820141725.2 and granted publication No. CN201271373Y (hereinafter referred to as "background art II") has the following defects:

when the ampoule head body is held by force to break off the ampoule, the large-size ampoule with large capacity is not easy to break off. The special outpatient call for huifen nurse of affiliated tumor hospital of Guangzhou Zhongshan university is that the thumb and forefinger of both hands are punctured by breaking the ampoule when breaking one 20 ml ampoule, and 7 needles are sutured in total.

And (II) glass debris generated when the ampoule neck is cracked can still fall into the liquid medicine in the inner cavity of the ampoule body.

And (III) the mode of opening the ampoule is still open, and the liquid medicine in the ampoule body is still polluted by dust, foreign matters, germs, viruses and small insects in the atmosphere.

(IV) the problem of curling of the syringe needle tip still exists.

Third, the ampoule with patent application No. 200480009701.6, publication No. CN1771018A, publication date 2006, 5/10 (hereinafter referred to as "third background art") has the following defects: in the open liquid taking mode, when the ampoule sucks the liquid medicine in the container part (12), namely the ampoule body, the air still enters the inner cavity of the container part (12), and the liquid medicine in the container part (12) is still polluted by flying, sneezing, coughing, dust and haze in the air, foreign matters, germs, viruses, small insects and the like of nurses.

Fourthly, the defects of the glass ampoule bottle (hereinafter, referred to as the fourth background technology) which is used for storing the powder for injection (such as penicillin, cefradine and the like) traditionally are as follows:

firstly, a nursing staff usually inserts a syringe needle into the bottom of an ampoule bottle and injects water for injection or sodium chloride injection, so that not only can the medicinal powder adhered to the bottom of the bottle be dispersed and dissolved quickly, but also the medicinal liquid can be sucked as clean as possible; the problem is that if the force is not enough or is too strong, the needle tip can curl, which is a common problem after the nurse is busy.

Secondly, since the medicinal powder occupies a certain space in the inner cavity of the ampoule bottle, negative pressure is generated in the inner cavity of the ampoule bottle during the later period of liquid medicine suction, and then liquid taking short circuit (considered by the applicant to be difficult) can be caused as described in the third background art. The syringe needle can be pulled out to the nurse door, then the suction air pours into the ampoule intracavity and is convenient for extract the liquid medicine in order to increase ampoule intracavity pressure, and its problem has two: firstly, bottle cap scraps are easily generated by repeatedly puncturing the ampoule bottle colloid sealing cover, and the tiny bottle cap scraps are dangerous to be drawn into an injector and injected into a human body along with liquid medicine; secondly, in order to avoid the adverse effect of the preservative on the human body or the shelf life of the injection medicine for the extension part, some pharmaceutical mechanisms adopt a vacuum ampoule bottle to store the injection medicine (powder); the problem is that the operation of sucking the dissolved liquid medicine from the ampoule bottle is difficult, and the operation of sucking the liquid medicine can be smooth only by injecting a proper amount of air; not only has more operation procedures, but also has the defects similar to open type liquid medicine suction.

Studies have shown that patients who frequently receive or require intravenous infusion and/or intravenous injection are prone to develop pulmonary granuloma. The reason for this is that the particles in the injection are gradually encapsulated and generated after being phagocytosed by macrophages in human body. Larger particles can cause different degrees of pulmonary infarction, and because the compensatory function of the lung is strong, the pulmonary infarction in a smaller range has no obvious symptoms and is difficult to be found. Furthermore, even when you feel that the air is fresh, countless suspended matter is visible to the naked eye from a plume of sunlight that is projected into a dark room or from a beam of light projected from a film projector; this is one of the known problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a medical closed ampoule bottle. The closed ampoule bottle is an ampoule bottle which is not required to be opened (broken off), and the liquid medicine in an ampoule bottle cavity (hereinafter referred to as a bottle cavity) can be smoothly pumped into an empty syringe barrel, so that possible liquid medicine pollution can be avoided; another purpose of the invention is to avoid the injury to the patient caused by the curling of the needle point which is possibly caused after the needle of the syringe contacts the bottom of the ampoule bottle; the invention also aims to: can avoid the broken hand and the liquid medicine waste of stabbing the nurse of ampoule.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention comprises the following steps: an ampoule bottle body (hereinafter referred to as a bottle body, including claims) characterized in that; the bottle body is provided with two bottle openings which are opposite to each other up and down, the bottle opening arranged at the upper part of the bottle body is an upper bottle opening, and the bottle opening arranged at the lower part of the bottle body is a lower bottle opening. And the upper bottle mouth is provided with a sealing cover which is matched with the upper bottle mouth and can be used for the puncture of a syringe needle to suck the injection in the bottle cavity. The lower bottle mouth cavity is internally provided with a piston which is made of flexible material and can slide and displace along the inner wall of the bottle body towards the upper bottle mouth along the generation of negative pressure in the bottle cavity.

Furthermore, a sealing cover fastening piece capable of fixing the sealing cover on the upper bottle mouth is arranged on the upper bottle mouth.

Furthermore, when the pressure of the medicine stored in the bottle cavity is in a state of normal pressure or higher than the normal pressure, or when the pressure in the bottle cavity is increased due to the preparation of the liquid medicine (for example, the water for injection is used for dissolving the medicinal powder into the bottle cavity), the lower bottle opening is provided with an anti-falling part which can prevent the piston from possibly slipping (falling) from the lower bottle opening.

Furthermore, the anti-falling piece is an annular anti-falling insection which is arranged on the inner wall of the lower bottle mouth and protrudes inwards and is parallel to the lower edge of the lower bottle mouth; or one or more than one anti-falling teeth which are arranged on the inner wall of the lower bottle and protrude inwards.

Further, when the pressure of the medicine stored in the bottle cavity is in a negative pressure or vacuum state, an atmospheric pressure shielding part capable of preventing atmospheric pressure from acting on the bottom surface (outer surface) of the piston is arranged on the lower bottle opening. So as to prevent the piston from sliding and moving towards the upper bottle mouth to prepare the liquid medicine, which brings inconvenience. Meanwhile, the airtightness and safety of the ampoule bottle can be enhanced.

Still further, the atmospheric pressure shielding part is an easy-to-open type sealed shielding sleeve sleeved on the lower bottle mouth, or a movable (meaning that the shielding cover can be manually opened, closed or manually opened) shielding cover (comprising a movable shielding sleeve cover and a movable shielding plug cover) arranged on the lower bottle mouth.

Compared with the first and second background technologies, the invention has the advantages that: the broken liquid medicine waste of the bottle body possibly caused by careless ampule breaking can be avoided; glass fragments and scraps generated when the ampule is cut off can be prevented from falling into the liquid medicine in the cavity of the ampule and being sucked into the syringe to inject into a human body, so that the damage to a patient is avoided; and thirdly, the hand of the nurse can be prevented from being punctured by the broken ampoule bottle.

Compared with the ampule breaking and taking mode (namely, the open and liquid taking mode) of the first, second and third background technologies, the ampule breaking and liquid taking method has the advantages that: the liquid medicine can avoid liquid medicine pollution caused by foreign matters such as sand, dust, haze, germs, viruses, small insects and the like in the atmosphere falling into the liquid medicine; secondly, the spray of the nurse who speaks, coughs and sneezes can be prevented from entering the liquid medicine in the bottle cavity.

Compared with the first, second and fourth background technologies, the invention has the advantages that: can avoid the nurse from excessively inserting the syringe needle into the bottom of the bottle cavity with force possibly causing the injury to the patient due to the curled needle point.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: can avoid the liquid taking short circuit phenomenon (difficult suction) generated when the liquid medicine in the bottle cavity is extracted and the liquid medicine pollution possibly caused by injecting air into the bottle cavity.

Drawings

To facilitate an understanding of the invention by those skilled in the art, the design principles are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a front view (front plan view in which a seal cover 5 is seen in perspective) schematically illustrating a first embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic sectional view of the crown shape of a second embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic bottom view of the lower bottle opening 19 of fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a front view (in which the sealing cap 25 is seen through, and the lower bottle mouth 29 and its piston 28, the movable shielding cover 27 and the anti-slip teeth 30 are cut away) of a third embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a bottom view of the lower spout 29 (after opening the removable shield cover 27) shown in fig. 4.

Detailed Description

Example 1:

as shown in figure 1, the upper part of the bottle body 6 is provided with an upper bottle mouth 4. The lower part of the bottle body 6 is provided with a lower bottle mouth 10 (note: not the bottom of the bottle). The upper bottle mouth 4 is provided with a sealing cover 5 and a sealing cover fastening piece 2 (which is composed of a reinforcing piece 3 and an easy-open piece 1 and is the prior art); the top surface of the sealing cover 5 can be exposed by breaking the easy-opening part 1 (handle) to allow the syringe needle to penetrate into the cavity of the bottle body 6 to suck the liquid medicine 7. A piston 9 (just like a piston at the end of a plastic syringe connecting rod) made of a flexible material and having gear teeth 8 (4 in this embodiment) on the outer periphery is provided in a lower bottle opening 10 on the lower portion of the bottle body 6; the piston 9 has the function of sealing the lower bottle opening 10 or the bottom wall of the bottle body 6. When the liquid medicine 7 in the cavity of the bottle body 6 is sucked, negative pressure can be generated in the cavity, and the bottom surface of the piston 9 can slide and move towards the upper end of the bottle mouth 4 under the action of atmospheric pressure to impact the negative pressure, so that the liquid medicine 7 in the cavity can be conveniently and completely sucked. As shown in fig. 1; the more teeth 8, the better the seal, but too much increases the friction, affecting the sliding displacement of the piston 9. The present application therefore recognizes that the number of teeth of the piston in a small volume ampoule can be relatively large relative to a large volume ampoule because the sum of the small teeth circumferences is relatively short and the sum of the frictional forces is relatively small for the same number of teeth. The medical closed ampoule bottle of the embodiment is mainly designed to overcome the defects of liquid storage ampoules which are widely used clinically, particularly ampoules with medium and small volumes. This application is referred to as an ampoule because it is small and has a mouth with a sealing cap.

Example 2:

as shown in fig. 2 and 3, an upper bottle opening 14 is opened at the upper part of the bottle body 16. The lower part of the bottle body 16 is provided with a lower bottle mouth 19. The upper bottle mouth 14 is provided with a sealing cover 13 and a sealing cover fastening piece 12 (which is composed of a reinforcing piece 15 and an easy-to-open piece 11, and is the prior art), the top surface of the sealing cover 13 can be exposed by tearing off the easy-to-open piece 11 (an easy-to-open ring) so that a nurse punctures a syringe needle into the bottle cavity 17 and injects water for injection or sodium chloride injection to dissolve the medicine powder in the bottle cavity 17, and then the syringe needle is pumped into the syringe and injected into a human body. A piston 18 made of a flexible material and having gear teeth (3 in this embodiment) formed on the outer periphery thereof is provided in a lower mouth 19 of the lower portion of the bottle body 16. The inner wall of the lower bottle mouth 19 is provided with an anti-drop part (in the embodiment, annular anti-drop insection threads 20 which are inwards protruded and parallel to the lower edge of the lower bottle mouth are adopted, and the number of the insection threads is not limited and can be one ring or more than one ring).

Two problems to be explained below are:

1. as shown in figure 2, the inner diameters of the upper bottle mouth 14 and the lower bottle mouth 19 are the same, which is mainly to facilitate the piston 18 to be implanted into the lower bottle mouth 19 from top to bottom in view of the convenience of preparation. In addition, because the piston 18 is made of flexible material, under the action of external force, the shape of the piston has variable reversibility (memory), and on the premise of preventing slipping, the annular anti-slip insection 20 is made as fine as possible so as to implant the piston 18 into the cavity from the lower bottle mouth 19; the size of the upper spout is therefore not particularly limited by the present application.

2. The sliding degree of the piston in the bottle cavity is closely related to the smoothness of the inner wall of the bottle body, the softness of the piston, the thickness and the width of the gear teeth, the physical shape of the liquid medicine (such as colloid, crystal, viscosity, water, oil, dissolved liquid, suspension and the like); therefore, the number, the specification and the like of the gear teeth (wheel-shaped bulges) are not specially limited; may be determined separately depending on the particular application.

Example 3:

as shown in fig. 4 and 5, an upper bottle opening 24 is opened at the upper portion of the bottle body 26. The lower part of the bottle body 26 is provided with a lower bottle mouth 29. The upper mouth 24 is provided with a sealing cap 25 and a sealing cap fastening member 22 (which is composed of a reinforcing member 23 and an easy-opening member 21, as known in the art), and the top surface of the sealing cap 25 is exposed by opening the easy-opening member 21 so that a syringe needle can penetrate into the cavity of the bottle 26 to suck a liquid medicine or inject water for injection to dissolve powder for injection (not shown in the drawings). The lower mouth 29 of the bottle body 26 has a piston 28 made of a flexible material and having gear teeth (2 in this embodiment) formed on the outer periphery thereof.

When the cavity of the bottle body 26 is specially used for storing the medicinal powder and when the pressure in the cavity of the bottle body 26 is normal pressure (equal to atmospheric pressure) or higher than the normal pressure, an anti-slip member (in this example, an anti-slip tooth 30 protruding inwards, the number of which is not limited; one or more than one) is arranged on the inner wall of the lower bottle opening 29 (below the piston 28) to prevent the piston 28 from falling from the lower bottle opening 29 due to the pressure fluctuation rise in the bottle cavity caused by injecting the water for injection into the cavity of the bottle body 26 to dissolve the medicinal powder.

When the cavity of the bottle 26 is dedicated to storing powder for injection and when the cavity of the bottle 26 is under negative pressure or vacuum (the specific temperature in the vacuum environment can prolong the shelf life of some powder), the lower bottle opening 29 is provided with an atmospheric pressure shielding member (in this embodiment, a movable shielding sleeve 27. the sleeve is provided with a cap on the upper side and a cap on the lower side, and has the same structural characteristics as the cap) capable of preventing the piston 28 from sliding to the upper bottle opening 24, which is inconvenient for assembling powder or preparing medicine and liquid. When the liquid medicine in the cavity of the bottle 26 is sucked, the easy-opening member 21 is opened and the movable shielding cover 27 is also opened.

The characteristics of the three embodiments are as follows: example 1 is suitable for storage of injections; the embodiment 2 is suitable for storing the liquid medicine and also suitable for storing the powder for injection in the 16 cavities of the bottle body under the state of normal pressure or more than the normal pressure; part of the medicinal powder has the function of resisting microorganism invasion or prolonging the shelf life under the state of more than normal pressure and under special gas and special temperature; third, the embodiment 3 has the functions of the

embodiments

1 and 2, and is also suitable for storing the powder for injection in the inner cavity of the bottle body 26 under the negative pressure or vacuum state; particularly, the movable shielding sleeve cover 27 can enhance the sealing performance and the safety of the lower bottle mouth 29; meanwhile, the number of gear teeth is reduced, and the sliding property of the piston is better. The ampoule bottle is different from a liquid storage ampoule and a powder storage ampoule because a part of medicines (such as penicillin and the like) are easy to lose efficacy after being prepared into liquid medicine, and are not suitable for being prepared in large quantities and stored for a long time.

The above embodiments are provided to illustrate the basic principles of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. It is understood that some of the components of the above embodiments may be omitted, interchanged or transplanted, and other components with the same functions may be used instead. The sealing caps 5, 13, 25 and the sealing

cap fasteners

2, 12, 22 shown in fig. 1, 2, 4 are all the prior art, the easy-opening

members

1, 11, 21 can be omitted, and the top surfaces of the reinforcing

members

3, 15, 23 are pre-opened with a hole for the injection needle to penetrate into the bottle cavity, so that the bottle can be sterilized by using a sterilizing liquid in use. Also for example, the embodiments of the bottle mouths 4, 14, 24 in the three examples may be interchanged, as may the embodiments of the sealing caps 5, 13, 25 and/or sealing

cap fasteners

2, 12, 22; other prior art bottle closures, sealing caps and/or sealing cap fasteners such as plug-style gel infusion caps on conventional infusion bottle closures may be substituted. As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the position of the anti-disengaging teeth 30 on the lower bottle mouth 29 can be slightly moved upwards, and a movable shielding plug cover and an openable movable shielding plug cover fixing part (omitted from the figure) are arranged below the anti-disengaging teeth, so that the movable shielding sleeve cover 27 is omitted; for another example, the number of the anti-dropping teeth 30 may be reduced to 1 or 2, or may be increased by a plurality; the movable shield cover 27 and/or the anti-slip teeth 30 on the lower bottle mouth 29 can also be transplanted to the lower bottle mouth 10 as shown in fig. 1. Also shown in fig. 4 is the removable shield cover 27, which although not shown in detail, is a seal that shields atmospheric pressure and certainly includes a sealing structure; in addition, since the movable shield cap 27 is a screw-thread shield cap, anti-slip threads can be formed on the outer wall of the bottle 26 to facilitate the nurse to hold the bottle and turn it in the reverse direction, which are easily conceivable in the prior art (not shown). As shown in fig. 2, 3, 4 and 5, the retaining teeth 30 and the annular retaining teeth pattern 20 can be exchanged. And so on, as may be desired. It will thus be apparent to those skilled in the art that numerous modifications and variations can be made which will fully utilize the basic principles of the invention, while remaining within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a medical closed ampoule bottle, includes the bottle, characterized by: the bottle body is provided with two bottle openings which are opposite to each other up and down; the bottle mouth arranged at the upper part of the bottle body is an upper bottle mouth, and the bottle mouth arranged at the lower part of the bottle body is a lower bottle mouth; the upper bottle mouth is provided with a sealing cover which is matched with the upper bottle mouth and can be used for the puncture of a syringe needle to suck the injection in the bottle cavity; a piston which is made of flexible material and can slide and displace along the inner wall of the bottle body towards the upper bottle mouth along the generation of negative pressure in the bottle cavity is arranged in the lower bottle mouth cavity; the upper bottle mouth is provided with a sealing cover fastening piece which can fix the sealing cover on the upper bottle mouth.

2. The medical closed ampoule of claim 1, wherein: the lower bottle mouth is provided with an anti-falling part which can prevent the piston from slipping from the lower bottle mouth caused by the pressure fluctuation rise in the bottle cavity.

3. The medical closed ampoule of claim 2, wherein: the anti-falling piece is an annular anti-falling insection which is arranged on the inner wall of the lower bottle mouth and protrudes inwards and is parallel to the lower edge of the lower bottle mouth; or one or more than one anti-falling teeth which are arranged on the inner wall of the lower bottle mouth and protrude inwards.

4. The medical closed ampoule of claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein: when the pressure of the medicine stored in the bottle cavity is in a negative pressure or vacuum state, the lower bottle opening is provided with an atmospheric pressure shielding part which can prevent the piston from sliding and displacing towards the upper bottle opening due to the action of atmospheric pressure on the bottom surface of the piston.

5. The medical closed ampoule of claim 4, wherein: the atmospheric pressure shielding part is an easy-to-detach sealed shielding sleeve sleeved on the lower bottle mouth; or a movable shielding cover arranged on the lower bottle mouth.

6. The medical closed ampoule of claim 5, wherein: the movable shielding cover is a movable shielding sleeve cover arranged on the lower bottle mouth; or the movable shielding plug cover is arranged in the lower bottle mouth and positioned below the piston or the anti-falling teeth or the annular anti-falling insection.