CN108881942B - Super-fusion normal state recorded broadcast system based on distributed object storage - Google Patents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
- H04N21/231—Content storage operation, e.g. caching movies for short term storage, replicating data over plural servers, prioritizing data for deletion
- H04N21/23103—Content storage operation, e.g. caching movies for short term storage, replicating data over plural servers, prioritizing data for deletion using load balancing strategies, e.g. by placing or distributing content on different disks, different memories or different servers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/01—Protocols
- H04L67/10—Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network
- H04L67/1001—Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network for accessing one among a plurality of replicated servers
- H04L67/1004—Server selection for load balancing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/01—Protocols
- H04L67/10—Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network
- H04L67/1097—Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network for distributed storage of data in networks, e.g. transport arrangements for network file system [NFS], storage area networks [SAN] or network attached storage [NAS]
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Abstract
The system is used for realizing a full-distribution framework of video acquisition, storage and access, and meets the requirements of high expandability, high usability and high reliability of normal-state recorded broadcast. The distributed video acquisition realized by software has good expandability, can cope with the large-scale growth of classrooms, and has good reliability and no single-point fault. The video is stored in the distributed object storage in an object form in a grading way, the reliability is high, the expandability is strong, the retrieval performance is good, and the video is convenient to share on the Internet.
Description
Technical Field
The disclosure belongs to the field of video monitoring, and particularly relates to a super-fusion normal-state recording and broadcasting system based on distributed object storage.
Background
At present, a high-definition recording and broadcasting all-in-one machine is deployed at the front end of each classroom in a traditional normal-state recording and broadcasting system, and is responsible for the access of audio and video and VGA signals of a classroom camera, so that audio and video acquisition of classroom teaching is realized. And uploading the teaching video file generated by video acquisition to a background storage resource pool. The storage resource pool typically stores videos in a conventional storage form such as NAS.
The conventional normal recording and broadcasting currently faces the following problems:
(1) stability and reliability of video acquisition
The traditional architecture realizes teaching video acquisition by arranging a high-definition recording and broadcasting all-in-one machine at the front end of each classroom, a recording and broadcasting host arranged at the front end can cause the problem of single-point failure, and once the recording and broadcasting host fails, all videos in the classroom cannot be recorded. Meanwhile, the equipment distributed in different places increases the maintenance difficulty and workload.
(2) Reliability of video storage
With the increase of recording and broadcasting classrooms, the number of cameras is continuously increased, the demand of high-quality and high-definition videos is met, and the recorded video resources are increased explosively. Conventional NAS storage faces new challenges in performance, capacity, scalability, and reliability. The storage device of the conventional recording and playing system generally stores videos in the conventional storage form of SAN or NAS, etc., and provides data reliability by using dual controllers and RAID technology, and in the scene of storing mass data, a RAID disk group faces the following problems:
a) the reliability is poor, the traditional storage reliability depends on RAID disk arrays, the most common RAID is RAID5 and RAID6 at present, the system can still be used when one or two disks fail, but the reliability of data after the two disks fail cannot be ensured. Meanwhile, reconstruction is needed after the disk fails, the storage in the reconstruction process is degraded, and therefore the reconstruction speed is an important factor influencing the storage reliability. At present, the video storage generally adopts a SATA disk with large capacity, the capacity of a single disk is generally more than 4TB, and the reconstruction time is longer when the capacity of the single disk is larger.
b) The Total Cost of Ownership (Total Cost of Ownership) is high, and disks of the same size must be used in the stored RAID group, otherwise performance and reliability are affected. Adding a RAID controller for increased reliability also increases system cost. Meanwhile, the storage is generally provided with one or more hot spare disks, the hot spare disks are idle at ordinary times, and are only used for storing data when the disks fail, so that the storage cost is increased invisibly.
c) The scalability is poor, the number of disks in a RAID group is limited, and the number of RAID groups supported by a controller is also limited, which ultimately results in a limitation in the size of storage.
(3) Retrieval and sharing of videos
In a traditional recording and playing system, videos are provided for external retrieval and access in a NAS file sharing mode. Multiple NAS storages as islands do not form a unified resource platform. Meanwhile, as the data is continuously increased, the NAS maintains a huge directory tree, which brings about problems of high overhead and expansion to storage, thereby becoming a performance bottleneck. Meanwhile, in a cloud computing environment, videos may need to be placed in a public cloud at any time or a resource access effect is accelerated by using the CDN, and conventional NAS storage is difficult to dock in the public cloud.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on this, the present disclosure discloses a super-fusion normal recording and broadcasting system based on distributed object storage, which is characterized in that the system includes: the system comprises a hyper-convergence cluster, a management control server and load balancing equipment;
the super-fusion cluster comprises a plurality of super-fusion nodes, and each super-fusion node is used for operating a video acquisition component, a video storage component and a video access component and realizing a fully distributed architecture for video acquisition, storage and access;
the management control server is communicated with the video acquisition assembly, the video storage assembly and the video access assembly in each super-fusion node through asynchronous message queues;
the load balancing equipment is used for realizing video access together with the video access component.
The present disclosure has the following beneficial effects:
the recording and broadcasting system is used for realizing a full-distribution framework of video acquisition, storage and access, and meets the requirements of high expandability, high usability and high reliability of normal recording and broadcasting. The software realizes distributed video acquisition, has good expandability, can cope with large-scale growth of classrooms, and has good reliability and no single point fault. The video is stored in the distributed object storage in an object form in a grading way, the reliability is high, the expandability is strong, the retrieval performance is good, and the video is convenient to share on the Internet.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a super-fusion normal-state recording and broadcasting system architecture in an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a flow diagram of a video capture component in one embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a flow diagram of a video component in one embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 4 is a load balancing architecture in one embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
The disclosure is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
in one embodiment, the present disclosure discloses a super-fusion normal recording and broadcasting system based on distributed object storage, wherein the system includes: the system comprises a hyper-convergence cluster, a management control server and load balancing equipment;
the super-fusion cluster comprises a plurality of super-fusion nodes, and each super-fusion node is used for operating a video acquisition component, a video storage component and a video access component and realizing a fully distributed architecture for video acquisition, storage and access;
the management control server is communicated with the video acquisition assembly, the video storage assembly and the video access assembly in each super-fusion node through message queues;
the load balancing equipment is used for realizing video access together with the video access component.
In this embodiment, the number of the super-fusion nodes is related to the load of the production environment, the reading and writing of the concurrent video streams to be supported, and the video capacity to be saved.
In this embodiment, the recording and broadcasting system includes a management control server, a super-convergence cluster, and a load balancing device; the system architecture diagram is shown in fig. 1, wherein the super-fusion cluster is composed of super-fusion nodes, each super-fusion node runs a video acquisition component, a video storage component and a video access component, and a fully distributed architecture for respectively realizing video acquisition, storage and access is realized. The video acquisition component acquires video streams to generate video files and stores the video files in the form of objects to the distributed object storage video access component to complete video access together with the load balancing equipment. Meanwhile, the super-fusion nodes form a uniform storage resource pool, and the corresponding relation between videos and storage does not need to be maintained.
In this embodiment, each super-fusion node can bear a video access request, and when a plurality of super-fusion nodes are deployed, a load balancing device is used to distribute the video access request to the super-fusion node at the back end, thereby implementing lateral expansion.
In one embodiment, the super-converged cluster includes two resource management pools: a high-performance storage resource pool composed of SSD and a capacity storage resource pool composed of SATA disks;
the high-performance storage resource pool formed by the SSD is used for storing an m3u8 index file;
and a capacity storage resource pool formed by the SATA disks is used for storing the TS slice file.
In this embodiment, considering the high-frequency access requirement of the m3u8 index file and the storage requirement of the TS slice file, the distributed object storage in the super-fusion system designed and implemented herein is composed of a high-performance storage pool and a large-capacity storage pool, which are respectively composed of an SSD and an SATA hard disk. The m3u8 index file is stored in the SSD high-performance storage pool, the TS slice file is stored in the SATA large-capacity pool, and the m3u8 index file is merged in the high-performance storage pool.
In one embodiment, the video capture component is configured to capture audio and video stream data, encode the audio and video stream data into a video file, and upload the video file to the storage resource pool.
Preferably, the management server automatically generates a recorded broadcast task according to the teaching task or manually adds the recorded broadcast task by an administrator, and the generated task is released to a message queue;
the recording and broadcasting task comprises a camera RTSP address, recording and broadcasting duration, a stored video file name and a self-defined video object attribute.
Preferably, the video acquisition component monitors the message queue in real time, and executes the task immediately after the recording and broadcasting task arrives to acquire and record the video.
In this embodiment, the management server automatically generates a recorded broadcast task according to the teaching task or manually adds the recorded broadcast task by the administrator, and the generated task is published to the asynchronous message queue. The recording and broadcasting task comprises a camera RTSP address, recording and broadcasting duration, a stored video file name, a self-defined video object attribute and the like. And a video acquisition component in the super-fusion node monitors the message queue in real time, and immediately executes the task to acquire and record the video after the task arrives. The video acquisition component has the main functions of acquiring audio and video stream data, encoding the audio and video stream data into a video file and uploading the video file to the storage resource pool. As shown in the attached figure 2 of the drawings,
the video acquisition assembly receives the RTSP stream of the camera, and carries out protocol resolution and decapsulation on the video stream to generate original audio and video data. The original video data is H264 encoded and the original audio data is AAC encoded, the encoded video and audio data are encapsulated into MPE6-TS slice files, and an m3u8 index file is generated according to a segmentation strategy. And finally, uploading the index file and the slice file to an object storage resource pool through an HTTP (hyper text transport protocol). In order to perform multi-rate adaptation, the client selects a code rate suitable for the client to play according to the network bandwidth, and the smoothness of the video is guaranteed. And the video acquisition component respectively generates video slice TS files of two code streams of 2Mbps and 1Mbps after acquiring the input video stream. The two code streams respectively have an m3u8 secondary index file and share a top-level index file.
In order to ensure that the video stream is transmitted to a distributed object for storage in a near real-time manner and reduce the reading and writing pressure on a disk of a server at an acquisition end, a TS (transport stream) slice file and an index file generated by encoding an acquisition program are not written into the disk but are stored in an internal memory. And immediately uploading the file to an object for storage after the file is generated, and deleting and releasing the memory space after the file is successfully uploaded. As shown in fig. 3, the video capture component first needs to initialize and reserve a part of memory as a slice file to a cache layer of distributed object storage, and generally reserves a memory with a capacity of 50MB for each RTSP video stream. And after the memory application is successful, monitoring the message queue, and after a new recording and broadcasting task arrives, starting to process audio and video stream data and generate an m3u8 index file and a TS slice file. And determining whether to carry out live broadcasting on the classroom according to the recorded broadcast task parameters. If the recording and broadcasting are only carried out, the slicing generation only uploads the TS file, does not upload the updated m3u8 index file, and uploads the complete m3u8 index file only after the recording and broadcasting task is completed. If the TS is live, the TS slice file and the updated m3u8 index file are uploaded to the storage resource pool together after each TS slice generation.
In one embodiment, the video storage component realizes distributed object storage of videos by using Ceph, and OSD in the Ceph is used as a video storage component in the super-fusion node for realizing storage, copying, balancing and recovery of the videos.
In the embodiment, distributed object storage is realized based on Ceph, and OSD of Ceph as a storage component in the super-fusion node is responsible for data storage, replication, balancing and recovery. The m3u8 index file of the video capture program video implemented herein is typically only a few tens of KB in size, whereas the TS slice file is typically 8Mb or 16Mb in the case of codestreams of 2Mb/s and 1 Mb/s. The stripe size of the distributed storage bottom layer is generally 4MB, and the TS slice file is more suitable for being stored. If the m3u8 index file and the TS slice file are stored in a resource pool without any processing, on one hand, the storage space is wasted, and on the other hand, the retrieval performance of a large number of small files is also affected. In consideration of the high-frequency access requirement of the m3u8 index file and the storage requirement of the TS slice file, the distributed object storage in the super-fusion system designed and realized by the method comprises a high-performance storage pool and a large-capacity storage pool which are respectively formed by an SSD and an SATA hard disk. The M3u8 index file is stored in the SSD high performance storage pool, the TS slice file is stored in the SATA high capacity pool, and the M3u8 index file is merged in the high performance storage pool.
Considering that video has live broadcast demand and the load of the system is low at night, a strategy of indexing small objects which are regularly merged at night is adopted. The small objects are merged regularly, and the performance, the storage capacity and the storage cost are considered. The merged large object and small object have the same HASH value, and the key-value pairs of the small object name, the offset of the small object in the large object and the size of the small object are stored in the extended attribute of the large object. And the small object merging is transparent for the upper layer application, when the small object is read, the large object is found by using HASH, then the key value pair in the large object extension attribute is searched according to the small object name, the offset and the size are found, and partial data of the large object is read and returned.
In one embodiment, the video retrieval component utilizes a RESTful interface provided by a Ceph distributed object store to enable retrieval and access of videos.
In this embodiment, the video retrieval access uses the RESTful interface provided by the Ceph object store, i.e. the RGW gateway. The RGW gateway is compatible with the Amazon S3 and OpenStack Swift object access interfaces which are most widely applied in the field of cloud storage at present. Each super-fusion node runs an RGW gateway instance. And the user accesses the video file in the object storage through the HTTP protocol by utilizing a restfullAPI standard interface provided by the RGW through the PC and the mobile phone. In order to respond to multi-user multi-terminal high-concurrency access requests, each node of the super-fusion cluster runs the RGW gateway to form the RGW cluster, and the RGW cluster realizes load balancing by using the LVS. And the health of the LVS nodes is checked by using Keepalived between the LVS nodes, so that fault transfer is realized. As shown in fig. 4: considering that a user accesses a video file, in order to prevent a large amount of video traffic from passing through the LVS and causing a performance bottleneck of the LVS, the present embodiment adopts a DR request routing mode to implement load balancing. The user request is received by the LVS, and the RGW gateway of the super-fusion node returns video stream data to the user directly without forwarding through the LVS node.
In one embodiment, the load balancing device employs a DR request routing mode.
In this embodiment, because the data returned by the client accessing the super-fusion node is a video stream, in order to prevent performance bottleneck caused by a large amount of video traffic passing through the load balancing device, a DR request routing mode is adopted to implement load balancing. In the DR mode, a user request is received by the load balancing equipment and is sent to the super-fusion node, and the super-fusion node directly returns video stream data to the user after receiving the request and does not forward the video stream data through the load balancing equipment.
In one embodiment, the number of the super-fusion nodes is related to the load of the production environment, the concurrent reading and writing of the video stream to be supported and the video capacity to be saved.
In this embodiment, the load in the production environment includes the number of video channels that are written concurrently, the number of video concurrent reads, the size of video stream, and the maximum time for video retention. The number of the super-fusion nodes and the reading and writing of the concurrent video streams and the video capacity required to be stored have a linear expansion relationship, namely, the more the number of the super-fusion nodes is, the more the reading and writing of the concurrent video streams can be supported, and the larger the video storage capacity is.
In one embodiment, the load balancing device is configured to implement video access together with the video access component specifically as follows: under the condition that a plurality of super-fusion nodes are deployed, the video access request is distributed to the video access component operated by the super-fusion node at the rear end by using the load balancing equipment, so that the transverse expansion is realized.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments and application fields, and the above-described embodiments are illustrative, instructive, and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art, having the benefit of this disclosure, may effect numerous modifications thereto without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A hyper-fusion normal state recording and broadcasting system based on distributed object storage is characterized by comprising: the system comprises a hyper-convergence cluster, a management control server and load balancing equipment;
the super-fusion cluster comprises a plurality of super-fusion nodes, and each super-fusion node is used for operating a video acquisition component, a video storage component and a video access component and realizing a fully distributed architecture for video acquisition, storage and access;
the management control server is communicated with the video acquisition assembly, the video storage assembly and the video access assembly in each super-fusion node through message queues;
the load balancing equipment is used for realizing the access of the video together with the video access component;
the recording and broadcasting system is used for realizing a full distribution architecture of video acquisition, storage and access;
the super-fusion normal-state recording and broadcasting system realizes distributed video acquisition through software.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein: the super-converged cluster includes two resource pools: a high-performance storage resource pool composed of SSD and a capacity storage resource pool composed of SATA disks;
the high-performance storage resource pool formed by the SSD is used for storing an m3u8 index file;
and a capacity storage resource pool formed by the SATA disks is used for storing the TS slice file.
3. The system of claim 2, wherein: the video acquisition component is used for acquiring audio and video stream data, encoding the audio and video stream data into a video file and uploading the video file to the storage resource pool.
4. The system of claim 1, wherein: the video storage component realizes distributed object storage of videos by using Ceph, and OSD in the Ceph is used as a video storage component in the super-fusion node and is used for realizing storage, copying, balancing and recovery of the videos.
5. The system of claim 1, wherein: and the video retrieval component realizes the retrieval and access of the video by utilizing a RESTful interface provided by the Ceph distributed object storage.
6. The system of claim 1, wherein: the management server automatically generates a recorded broadcast task according to the teaching task or manually adds the recorded broadcast task by an administrator, and the generated task is released to a message queue;
the recording and broadcasting task comprises a camera RTSP address, recording and broadcasting duration, a stored video file name and a self-defined video object attribute.
7. The system of claim 6, wherein: the video acquisition component monitors the message queue in real time, and immediately executes the task to acquire and record videos after the recorded and broadcast task arrives.
8. The system of claim 1, wherein: the load balancing device adopts a DR request routing mode.
9. The system of claim 1, wherein: the number of the super-fusion nodes is related to the load of the production environment, the reading and writing of the concurrent video streams needing to be supported and the video capacity needing to be stored.
10. The system of claim 1, wherein: the load balancing device is used for realizing video access together with the video access component, and specifically comprises the following steps: under the condition that a plurality of super-fusion nodes are deployed, the video access request is distributed to the video access component operated by the super-fusion node at the rear end by using the load balancing equipment, so that the transverse expansion is realized.
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| CN109714193B (en) * | 2018-12-05 | 2022-01-18 | 国云科技股份有限公司 | Method for taking over object storage service based on zuul routing forwarding mode |
| CN110418092B (en) * | 2019-06-17 | 2021-09-17 | 腾讯科技（深圳）有限公司 | Video recording management system, method, control management node and recording node |
| CN110789545A (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2020-02-14 | 深圳市北海轨道交通技术有限公司 | Train video playing and publishing system and method |
| CN113821487B (en) * | 2021-09-23 | 2023-11-14 | 中国联合网络通信集团有限公司 | Local file system implementation method, device, equipment and storage medium |
| CN114449196B (en) * | 2021-12-21 | 2023-08-04 | 天翼云科技有限公司 | Cloud video monitoring data storage method and device and electronic equipment |
| CN114415967A (en) * | 2022-01-25 | 2022-04-29 | 武汉麓谷科技有限公司 | Multimedia intelligent storage disk design method based on ZNS solid state disk |
| CN117614956B (en) * | 2024-01-24 | 2024-03-29 | 合肥综合性国家科学中心人工智能研究院(安徽省人工智能实验室) | Intra-network caching method and system for distributed storage and storage medium |
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