CN108880692A - A kind of identification of coherent optical communication system modulation format and optical signal to noise ratio monitoring method - Google Patents
A kind of identification of coherent optical communication system modulation format and optical signal to noise ratio monitoring method Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/60—Receivers
- H04B10/61—Coherent receivers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/07—Arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systems; Arrangements for fault measurement of transmission systems
- H04B10/075—Arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systems; Arrangements for fault measurement of transmission systems using an in-service signal
- H04B10/079—Arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systems; Arrangements for fault measurement of transmission systems using an in-service signal using measurements of the data signal
- H04B10/0795—Performance monitoring; Measurement of transmission parameters
- H04B10/07953—Monitoring or measuring OSNR, BER or Q
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/60—Receivers
- H04B10/61—Coherent receivers
- H04B10/616—Details of the electronic signal processing in coherent optical receivers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/60—Receivers
- H04B10/61—Coherent receivers
- H04B10/616—Details of the electronic signal processing in coherent optical receivers
- H04B10/6161—Compensation of chromatic dispersion
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of identification of coherent optical communication system modulation format and optical signal to noise ratio monitoring methods, including：Receive the signal E in two polarization statesxAnd Ey, dispersion compensation is carried out to two signals and carries out the preequalization of signal, the signal E' after obtaining preequalization using constant modulus algorithmxAnd E'y；By signal E'xAnd E'yIt is mapped in Stokes Space, respectively obtains it in S1And S2Statistical distribution S on direction vector1dAnd S2d, to S1dAnd S2dCurve after fitting carries out first derivation, obtains different modulating format signal and different optical signal to noise ratio signal characteristics enhancing signal S1' and S'2；Neural network based on DNN algorithm enhances signal S to the feature1' and S'2It is trained, extracts the characteristic information of different modulating format and different optical signal to noise ratio signals, the identification of the quenched format of coherent light communication and the monitoring of optical signal to noise ratio signal are carried out according to the information.The present invention can realize simultaneously that format modulation signal identification and optical signal to noise ratio are monitored using single digital signal processing module in the case where not changing coherent receiver configuration.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the technical fields of fiber optic communication, and in particular to a kind of identification of coherent optical communication system modulation format and
Optical signal to noise ratio monitoring method.
Background technique
In recent years, coherent optical detection and Digital Signal Processing pushed optical fiber telecommunications system capacity and transmission range not
It is disconnected to increase.Meanwhile optical-fiber network building will also become more dynamic, it is complicated, transparent, flexible and restructural.It is following over long distances,
The link damage that signal is undergone in large capacity, dynamic and restructural optical fiber telecommunications system will show dynamic characteristic.In real time, accurately
Link property monitoring technology be maximally utilise existing system resource realize signal maximum capacity and longest distance it is reliable
The key of transmission.Optical signal to noise ratio (OSNR) is one of the key parameter for determining optical signal transmission performance, it largely determines
The bit error rate of system is determined.Therefore, OSNR monitoring is one of the key technology of optical fiber telecommunications system performance monitoring.Currently, relevant
Realize that OSNR monitoring technology mainly has using Digital Signal Processing in optical communication system：Statistical moment based on equalizing signal is based on
Error vector magnitude (EVM), delay interference technique, stokes parameter monitoring, Golay sequence, offset filtering and power monitoring,
RF spectrum monitors and based on amplitude correlated noise monitoring technology etc..
In dynamic, restructural, efficient Networks of Fiber Communications, in order to make full use of system resource to realize signal maximum capacity
It, in fiber optic communication systems will be according to the scale of system, application scenarios even system link shape with longest distance reliable transmission
Condition is adaptively adjusted the parameters such as modulation format, rate, the signal power of signal, with realize system resource maximally utilize and
The reliable transmission of signal.So dynamic, restructural, in efficient optical fiber telecommunications system OSNR monitoring technology must can be adaptive
It should be in different modulation formats.In addition, the Some digital signal processing technique at coherent reception end also has with the debugging format of signal
It closes, such as carrier phase recovery, polarization demultiplexing.Therefore, format modulation signal identification is also dynamic, restructural, efficient optical fiber
One of key technology in communication system.Currently, the major technique of modulation format identification has：K-means algorithm, signal sub-clustering,
Variation Bayes expectation-maximization algorithm, peak-to-average power ratio estimation, the distribution of Stokes Space cluster point etc..
And above-mentioned technology overwhelming majority method is merely able to realize simple function, i.e. OSNR monitoring or modulation format identification.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to be directed to above-mentioned deficiency in the prior art, a kind of coherent optical communication system modulation lattice are provided
Formula identification and optical signal to noise ratio monitoring method, to solve the simple function that the prior art only has OSNR monitoring or modulation format identification
The problem of.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that：
A kind of identification of coherent optical communication system modulation format and optical signal to noise ratio monitoring method comprising：
Receive the signal E in two polarization statesxAnd Ey, dispersion compensation is carried out to two signals and is carried out using constant modulus algorithm
The preequalization of signal, the signal E' after obtaining preequalizationxAnd E'y；
By signal E'xAnd E'yIt is mapped in Stokes Space, respectively obtains it in S1And S2Statistical on direction vector
Cloth S1dAnd S2d, to S1dAnd S2dCurve after fitting carries out first derivation, obtains different modulating format signal and different optical signal to noise ratio
Signal characteristic enhances signal S '1With S '2；
Neural network based on DNN algorithm enhances signal S ' to the feature1With S '2It is trained, extracts different modulating lattice
The characteristic information of formula and different optical signal to noise ratio signals carries out the identification and light noise of the quenched format of coherent light communication according to the information
Than the monitoring of signal.
Preferably, to signal ExAnd EyThe method for carrying out dispersion compensation and carrying out the preequalization of signal using constant modulus algorithm
For：
By the signal E in two cross polarization statesxAnd EyCarry out dispersion compensation, the signal after obtaining dispersion compensationWith
Wherein,For the frequency-domain impulse receptance function of CD compensation, CD is dispersion, and j is imaginary unit,
D is the dispersion values of optical fiber, and λ is signal center's wavelength, and z is fiber lengths, and ω is angular frequency, and c is the light velocity in vacuum, IFFT
[] and FFT [] are respectively Fourier transform and inverse fourier transform；
By signalWithPreequalization is carried out using constant modulus algorithm (CMA), the signal E' after obtaining preequalizationxAnd E'y：
Wherein, hxx, hxy, hyxAnd hyyFor four tap coefficients based on constant modulus algorithm FIR equalization filter.
Preferably, different modulating format signal and different optical signal to noise ratio signal characteristics enhancing signal S ' are obtained1With S '2Side
Method is：
By signal E'xAnd E'yIt is mapped in Stokes Space, obtains：
Wherein, S0For the general power of two polarization state signals, S1、S2、S3Respectively Stokes Space three are mutually perpendicular to
Direction vector；
Signaling point is mapped to S1Direction vector and S2Direction vector respectively obtains signal in S1Direction vector and S2Vector
The statistical distribution S in direction1dAnd S2d；
To S1dAnd S2dIt carries out curve fitting, and first derivation is carried out to the curve, obtain different modulating format signal and not
Signal-noise ratio signal feature enhancement information of sharing the same light S '1With S '2。
Preferably, the extraction of characteristic information and knowledge method for distinguishing are：
Feature is enhanced into signal S '1With S '2It is sent into the neural network based on DNN algorithm and is trained, obtain different modulating
The characteristic information of format signal and different optical signal to noise ratio signals；
Different modulating format and different optical signal to noise ratio signals are carried out according to the trained neural network based on DNN algorithm
The identification of signal modulation format type and the monitoring of corresponding signal optical signal to noise ratio are realized in feature extraction and identification.
Coherent optical communication system modulation format identification provided by the invention and optical signal to noise ratio monitoring method, have beneficial below
Effect：
The present invention realizes letter under the premise of not changing coherent receiver configuration, using same signal processing module simultaneously
The identification of number modulation format and the monitoring of OSNR, reduce system cost and complexity, and in dynamic, restructural, efficient optical fiber is logical
There is important practical significance and application prospect in letter system.Except this, the present invention is applicable not only to coherent optical communication system, and can
It further expands to mode multiplexing, in multicore multiplexing fiber-optic communication system, there is stronger practicability.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the functional block diagram of coherent optical communication system modulation format identification and optical signal to noise ratio monitoring method.
Fig. 2 is the system block diagram of coherent optical communication system modulation format identification and optical signal to noise ratio monitoring method.
Fig. 3 is that the identification of coherent optical communication system modulation format is corresponding with the different modulating format of optical signal to noise ratio monitoring method
S1And S2The statistical distribution matched curve of direction vector.
Fig. 4 is that the identification of coherent optical communication system modulation format is corresponding with the different modulating format of optical signal to noise ratio monitoring method
S1Direction vector and S2The statistical distribution matched curve first derivation of direction vector.
Fig. 5 is that coherent optical communication system modulation format identifies and the PDM-QPSK signal of optical signal to noise ratio monitoring method is in difference
Corresponding S in the case of OSNR1And S2The statistical distribution matched curve of direction vector.
Fig. 6 is the identification of coherent optical communication system modulation format and optical signal to noise ratio monitoring method PDM-QPSK signal in difference
Corresponding S in the case of OSNR1And S2The statistical distribution matched curve first derivation of direction vector.
Fig. 7 is the identification of coherent optical communication system modulation format and optical signal to noise ratio monitoring method DNN neural network structure figure.
Fig. 8 is the identification of coherent optical communication system modulation format and optical signal to noise ratio monitoring method modulation format recognition result figure.
Fig. 9 is the identification of coherent optical communication system modulation format and optical signal to noise ratio monitoring method OSNR monitored results figure.
Specific embodiment
A specific embodiment of the invention is described below, in order to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art this hair
It is bright, it should be apparent that the present invention is not limited to the ranges of specific embodiment, for those skilled in the art,
As long as various change is in the spirit and scope of the present invention that the attached claims limit and determine, these variations are aobvious and easy
See, all are using the innovation and creation of present inventive concept in the column of protection.
According to one embodiment of the application, with reference to Fig. 1-7, the coherent optical communication system modulation format identification of this programme and
Optical signal to noise ratio monitoring method, including step in detail below：
With reference to Fig. 1, Signal Pretreatment.
Receive the signal E in two polarization statesxAnd Ey, dispersion compensation is carried out to two signals, the letter after obtaining dispersion compensation
NumberWith
Wherein,For the frequency-domain impulse receptance function of CD compensation, CD is dispersion, and j is imaginary unit,
D is the dispersion values of optical fiber, and λ is signal center's wavelength, and z is fiber lengths, and ω is angular frequency, and c is the light velocity in vacuum, IFFT
[] and FFT [] are respectively Fourier transform and inverse fourier transform.
By signalWithPreequalization is carried out using constant modulus algorithm (CMA), the signal E' after obtaining preequalizationxAnd E'y：
Wherein, hxx, hxy, hyxAnd hyyFor four tap coefficients based on constant modulus algorithm FIR equalization filter.
Signal characteristic enhancing.
By signal E'xAnd E'yIt is mapped in Stokes Space, mapping process is as follows：
Wherein, S0For the general power of two polarization state signals, S1、S2、S3Respectively Stokes Space three are mutually perpendicular to
Direction vector.
Signaling point is mapped to S respectively in Stokes Space1Direction vector and S2Direction vector respectively obtains signal and exists
S1Direction vector and S2The statistical distribution S of direction vector1dAnd S2d.Different modulating format signal and different optical signal to noise ratio signals are in S1
Direction vector and S2The statistical distribution of direction vector will show different characteristic.
In order to further enhance different modulating format and different optical signal to noise ratio signals in S1Direction vector and S2Direction vector
Statistics difference feature, by obtained signal in S1Direction vector and S2The statistical distribution S of direction vector1dAnd S2dIt is fitted, and
Curve after fitting is subjected to stage derivation, obtains different modulating format signal and different optical signal to noise ratio signal characteristics enhancing letter
Cease S '1With S '2。
The extraction and identification of signal characteristic.
Feature is enhanced into signal S '1With S '2It is sent into the neural network based on DNN algorithm and is trained, obtain different modulating
The characteristic information of format signal and different optical signal to noise ratio signals；
Different modulating format and different optical signal to noise ratio signals are carried out according to the trained neural network based on DNN algorithm
The identification of signal modulation format type and the monitoring of corresponding signal optical signal to noise ratio are realized in feature extraction and identification.
With reference to Fig. 2, signal of the present invention sends and receives communication system block diagram.
Entire communication system includes transmitting terminal, transmission link and the receiving end of successively signal connection.
Wherein, transmitting terminal using two I/Q modulators and polarizing coupler (PBC) generate 2 × 28G baud rate PDM-QPSK,
The more modulations format such as PDM-8QAM, PDM-16QAM, PDM-32QAM, wherein the line width of laser is 100kHz, central wavelength
For 1550nm.
Transmission link is made of adjustable attenuator, fiber amplifier (EDFA1) and transmission fiber, wherein adjustable attenuator and
Fiber amplifier (EDFA1) is used to the OSNR and launched power of regulating system.
Receiving end is mainly by preamplifier (EDFA1), local oscillator laser (LO), 90 ° of optical mixers, balance detections
Device, analog-digital converter and signal process part (DSP) are constituted.Wherein the part DSP is that format modulation signal of the invention is known
It is not monitored with OSNR.
With reference to Fig. 3, including figure (a) and figure (b) two groups of subgraphs.Wherein, figure (a) respectively correspond PDM-QPSK, PDM-8QAM,
PDM-16QAM and PDM-32QAM S1The statistical distribution matched curve of direction vector.
Figure (b) respectively corresponds PDM-QPSK, PDM-8QAM, PDM-16QAM and PDM-32QAM S2The statistics of direction vector
Fitting of distribution curve.
By scheming (a) in Fig. 3 and scheming (b) it is found that the corresponding matched curve of different modulating format shows different signal spies
Sign.
With reference to Fig. 4, including figure (a) and figure (b) two groups of subgraphs.Wherein, figure (a) is to respectively correspond PDM-QPSK, PDM-
8QAM, PDM-16QAM and PDM-32QAM S1The statistical distribution matched curve first derivation S of direction vector1'。
Figure (b) respectively corresponds PDM-QPSK, PDM-8QAM, PDM-16QAM and PDM-32QAM S2The statistics of direction vector
Fitting of distribution curve first derivation S'2。
Each figure in comparison diagram 3 is it is found that curvilinear characteristic corresponding to different modulating format is brighter after first derivation
It is aobvious.That is, can realize the enhancing of different modulating format signal feature by first derivation.
With reference to Fig. 5, including figure (a) and figure (b) two groups of subgraphs.Wherein, figure (a) and (b) are respectively that PDM-QPSK signal exists
Corresponding S in the case of OSNR=8dB, 10dB, 12dB, 14dB, 16dB and 18dB1And S2The statistical distribution of direction vector is fitted
Curve.As seen from the figure, in different OSNR, signal is in S1And S2The statistical distribution matched curve of direction vector shows not
Same characteristic.
With reference to Fig. 6, including figure (a) and figure (b) two groups of subgraphs.Wherein, figure (a) and (b) are respectively that PDM-QPSK signal exists
Corresponding S in the case of OSNR=8dB, 10dB, 12dB, 14dB, 16dB and 18dB1And S2The fitting of direction vector statistical distribution is bent
Line first derivation S1' and S'2。
Comparison diagram 5 can obtain, and after first derivation, curvilinear characteristic corresponding to different modulating format is more obvious.That is, passing through
1 rank derivation can realize the enhancing of different OSNR signal characteristics.
With reference to Fig. 7, we use 4 layers of DNN neural network in experimental verification of the present invention, wherein first layer, the second layer, the
Three layers and the 4th layer of neuronal quantity is respectively 160,80,100 and 4.Based on the neural network, for realizing signal modulation lattice
The monitoring of the identification of formula type and corresponding signal optical signal to noise ratio.
It include four subgraphs in Fig. 8, and a, b, c, d sequence are carried out to four figures, serial number is located at the upper left of figure with reference to Fig. 8
Angle.Figure (a), (b), (c) and (d) respectively corresponds PDM-QPSK, PDM-8QAM, PDM-16QAM and PDM-32QAM in different OSNR
Under the conditions of discrimination.As seen from the figure, the present invention can the OSNR corresponding to 7%FEC threshold value and its range above can be real
The identification of existing modulation format 100%.
With reference to Fig. 9 comprising four subgraphs, sortord are identical as Fig. 8.Wherein, scheme (a), (b), (c) and (d) respectively
The monitored results of corresponding PDM-QPSK, PDM-8QAM, PDM-16QAM and PDM-32QAM within the scope of different OSNR.It can by figure
Know, the accurate monitoring of present invention OSNR value corresponding to 7%FEC threshold value and its range above realization system OSNR.
To sum up the method for the present invention is further verified by multiple attached drawings, can be obtained, the present invention can not change
Under coherent receiver hardware configuration, realize that format modulation signal identification and OSNR are supervised simultaneously using single digital signal processing module
Control has important practical significance and application prospect in dynamic, restructural, efficient optical fiber telecommunications system, has stronger
Practicability and generalization.
Although being described in detail in conjunction with specific embodiment of the attached drawing to invention, should not be construed as to this patent
Protection scope restriction.In range described by claims, those skilled in the art are without creative work
The various modifications and deformation made still belong to the protection scope of this patent.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of coherent optical communication system modulation format identification and optical signal to noise ratio monitoring method, which is characterized in that including：
Receive the signal E in two polarization statesxAnd Ey, dispersion compensation is carried out to two signals and signal is carried out using constant modulus algorithm
Preequalization, the signal E' after obtaining preequalizationxAnd E'y；
By the signal E'xAnd E'yIt is mapped in Stokes Space, respectively obtains it in S1And S2Statistical distribution on direction vector
S1dAnd S2d, to the S1dAnd S2dCurve after fitting carries out first derivation, obtains different modulating format signal and noise of not sharing the same light
Enhance signal S than signal characteristic1' and S'2；
Neural network based on DNN algorithm enhances signal S to the feature1' and S'2Be trained, extract different modulating format and
The characteristic information of different optical signal to noise ratio signals carries out the identification of the quenched format of coherent light communication according to the information and optical signal to noise ratio is believed
Number monitoring.
2. coherent optical communication system modulation format identification according to claim 1 and optical signal to noise ratio monitoring method, feature
It is, to the signal ExAnd EyCarry out dispersion compensation and use constant modulus algorithm progress signal preequalization method for：
By the signal E in two cross polarization statesxAnd EyCarry out dispersion compensation, the signal after obtaining dispersion compensationWith
Wherein,For the frequency-domain impulse receptance function of CD compensation, CD is dispersion, and j is imaginary unit, and D is
The dispersion values of optical fiber, λ are signal center's wavelength, and z is fiber lengths, and ω is angular frequency, and c is the light velocity in vacuum, IFFT []
It is respectively Fourier transform and inverse fourier transform with FFT []；
By the signalWithPreequalization is carried out using constant modulus algorithm (CMA), the signal E' after obtaining preequalizationxAnd E'y：
Wherein, hxx, hxy, hyxAnd hyyFor four tap coefficients based on constant modulus algorithm FIR equalization filter.
3. coherent optical communication system modulation format identification according to claim 1 and optical signal to noise ratio monitoring method, feature
It is, obtains different modulating format signal and different optical signal to noise ratio signal characteristics enhancing signal S '1And S'2Method be：
By the signal E'xAnd E'yIt is mapped in Stokes Space, obtains：
Wherein, S0For the general power of two polarization state signals, S1、S2、S3Respectively three orthogonal sides of Stokes Space
To vector；
Signaling point is mapped to S1Direction vector and S2Direction vector respectively obtains signal in S1Direction vector and S2Direction vector
Statistical distribution S1dAnd S2d；
To the S1dAnd S2dIt carries out curve fitting, and first derivation is carried out to the curve, obtain different modulating format signal and not
Signal-noise ratio signal feature enhancement information of sharing the same light S1' and S'2。
4. coherent optical communication system modulation format identification according to claim 1 and optical signal to noise ratio monitoring method, feature
It is, the extraction of the characteristic information and knowledge method for distinguishing are：
The feature is enhanced into signal S '1And S'2It is sent into the neural network based on DNN algorithm and is trained, obtain different modulating
The characteristic information of format signal and different optical signal to noise ratio signals；
Feature is carried out to different modulating format and different optical signal to noise ratio signals according to the trained neural network based on DNN algorithm
It extracts and identifies, realize the identification of signal modulation format type and the monitoring of corresponding signal optical signal to noise ratio.
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