CN108879089B - Sectorized Wide Beam Transceiver Antenna - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a sector wide-beam transceiver antenna, which comprises a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna. The transmitting antenna comprises a transmitting reflecting layer and a transmitting radiation layer which are arranged at intervals; the emission reflecting layer is composed of an emission reflecting medium substrate, an emission guiding metal patch array and an emission reflecting metal strip; the radiation emitting layer is composed of a radiation emitting metal floor, a radiation emitting medium substrate and a radiation emitting unit. The receiving antenna comprises a receiving reflecting layer and a receiving radiation layer which are arranged at intervals; the receiving reflection layer is composed of a receiving reflection medium substrate and a receiving reflection metal strip; the radiation receiving layer is composed of a metal receiving floor, a radiation receiving medium substrate and a radiation receiving unit. The transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna have simple structures and are easy to process, the sector wide beams of the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna in the horizontal plane are realized, the narrow beams are realized in the pitching plane, the gain and the beam width meet the requirements of the vehicle-mounted angle radar, and the method is suitable for the vehicle-mounted angle radar.

Description

Sectorized Wide Beam Transceiver Antenna

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a fan-shaped wide-beam transceiver antenna.

Background technique

Autonomous driving technology is an emerging technology, and it is also the development trend of automotive safety technology in the future. Automotive mmWave radar is a key component of autonomous vehicles. Most of the vehicle-mounted millimeter-wave radars that have been put into the market are forward-facing radars, which are used to detect forward mid-range and long-range targets, while video and infrared radars can only detect short-range or ultra-short-range targets, with a short detection range and are vulnerable to rain. Inclement weather such as snow cannot work around the clock. For blind spot detection and lane change assistance, it is necessary to use millimeter-wave radar to achieve high precision, and at the same time require the antenna to be wide enough to achieve beam coverage for a wide range of blind spots. A search of the prior art found that there are still some deficiencies in the wide-beam antenna used for vehicle radar. For example, the practical patent with the publication number CN206758645U discloses a "wide-beam antenna structure", which uses multiple parasitic components to achieve widening Although the antenna gain is large enough for the beam, the beam width cannot meet the requirements of the vehicle-mounted corner radar, and the maximum gain point of the antenna cannot be shifted, and the structure is complex.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the problem that the beam width of the existing antenna is not wide enough to meet the wide beam and gain requirements of the vehicle-mounted angle radar, the invention provides a fan-shaped wide beam transmitting and receiving antenna.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

Sector wide-beam transceiver antenna, including transmitting antenna and receiving antenna.

The transmitting antenna includes a transmitting reflective layer and a transmitting radiation layer arranged at intervals;

The emission reflective layer is composed of the emission reflective medium substrate, the emission guide metal patch array and the emission reflective metal strip; On one side of the surface, the emission-directing metal patch array and the emission-reflecting metal strips are respectively located on both sides of the longitudinal centerline of the emission-reflecting medium substrate; the emission-directing metal patch array includes a plurality of rectangular emission-directing metal patches , these emission-oriented metal patches are distributed at equal intervals along the longitudinal direction of the emission-reflective medium substrate, and the longitudinal centerlines of all emission-oriented metal patches coincide; the emission-reflection metal strips are rectangular strips, Both ends of the direction extend to the edge of the reflective medium substrate;

The radiation-emitting layer is composed of a metal-emitting floor, a radiation-emitting medium substrate, and a radiation-emitting unit; the size of the metal-emitting floor is the same as that on the surface of the radiation-emitting medium substrate away from the reflective layer; the radiation-emitting unit is arranged on the radiation-emitting medium substrate toward the radiation On one side surface of the reflective layer, and located on one side of the longitudinal centerline of the radiation-emitting medium substrate; the radiation-emitting unit includes a microstrip feeder line, a radiation-emitting metal patch array, and a microstrip matching section; the radiation-emitting metal patch array It includes a plurality of rectangular radiation-emitting metal patches, and these radiation-emitting metal patches are equally spaced along the longitudinal direction of the radiation-emitting medium substrate, and the longitudinal centerlines of all radiation-emitting metal patches coincide; the longitudinal centerline of the emitting microstrip matching section and The longitudinal midlines of the radiation-emitting metal patch array coincide, and one end of the longitudinal direction of the matching section of the emitting microstrip extends to the edge of the emitting radiation medium substrate; the long strip-shaped emitting microstrip feeder connects all the emitting radiation metal patches and the emitting microstrip The matching segments are concatenated together;

The receiving antenna includes a receiving reflection layer and a receiving radiation layer arranged at intervals;

The receiving reflective layer is composed of a receiving reflective medium substrate and a receiving reflective metal strip; the receiving reflective metal strip is arranged on the side surface of the receiving reflective medium substrate facing the radiation receiving layer, and the longitudinal centerline of the receiving reflective metal strip and the receiving reflective The longitudinal centerlines of the dielectric substrates coincide; the receiving reflective metal strips are in the shape of rectangular strips, and extend along the longitudinal direction of the receiving reflective medium substrate to the edge of the receiving reflective medium substrate;

The radiation-receiving layer is composed of a receiving metal floor, a radiation-receiving medium substrate and a radiation-receiving unit; the size of the receiving metal floor is the same as that of the radiation-receiving medium substrate, and it is covered on the surface of the side of the radiation-receiving medium substrate away from the receiving reflection layer; the radiation-receiving layer The unit is arranged on the side surface facing the receiving reflective layer, and the longitudinal centerline of the receiving radiation unit coincides with the longitudinal centerline of the receiving radiation medium substrate; the receiving radiation unit includes a receiving microstrip feeder line, a receiving radiation metal patch array and a receiving microstrip matching section; the radiation receiving metal patch array includes a plurality of radiation receiving metal patches, and these radiation receiving metal patches are distributed at equal intervals along the longitudinal direction of the radiation receiving medium substrate, and the longitudinal centerlines of all the radiation receiving metal patches coincide; the receiving microstrip The longitudinal centerline of the matching section coincides with the longitudinal centerline of the receiving radiation metal patch array, and one end of the longitudinal direction of the receiving microstrip matching section extends to the edge of the receiving radiation medium substrate; the strip-shaped receiving microstrip feeder connects all receiving radiation metal patches The patch and receiving microstrip matching sections are connected in series.

In the above scheme, the longitudinal lengths of all emission guide metal patches are the same; in the longitudinal arrangement direction of the emission guide metal patches, the transverse width of the emission guide metal patch located in the middle is the largest, while the emission guides to both sides have the largest lateral width. Gradually decreases toward the lateral width of the metal patch.

In the above scheme, the longitudinal lengths of all radiation-emitting metal patches are the same; in the longitudinal arrangement direction of the radiation-emitting metal patches, the lateral width of the most central radiation-emitting metal patch is the largest, and the radiation-emitting metal patches on both sides The lateral width gradually decreases.

In the above scheme, the number of emission-directing metal patches included in the emission-directing metal patch array is the same as the number of radiation-emitting metal patches contained in the radiation-emitting metal patch array, and the positions are in the vertical projection direction One-to-one correspondence; wherein the size of the emission-directed metal patch is smaller than the size of the radiation-emitting metal patch corresponding to its vertical projection direction.

In the above solution, the lateral width of the reflective metal strip is between the lateral width of the largest radiation-emitting metal patch and the lateral width of the second largest radiation-emitting metal patch.

In the above scheme, the longitudinal lengths of all radiation-receiving metal patches are the same; in the longitudinal arrangement direction of the radiation-receiving metal patches, the lateral width of the most central radiation-receiving metal patch is the largest, while the radiation-receiving metal patches on both sides The lateral width gradually decreases.

In the above solution, the longitudinal lengths of the transmitting microstrip matching section and the receiving microstrip matching section are both λ _ε /4, where λ _ε is the wavelength of the medium.

In the above solution, the direction in which the reflective metal strip deviates from the longitudinal centerline of the reflective medium substrate is on the same side as the direction in which the radiation-emitting unit deviates from the longitudinal centerline of the medium substrate.

In the above solution, the size of the emitting reflective medium substrate is the same as that of the emitting radiation medium substrate, and the size of the receiving reflective medium substrate is the same as that of the receiving radiation medium substrate.

In the above scheme, the longitudinal lengths of the emitting reflective medium substrate and the emitting radiation medium substrate are equal to the longitudinal lengths of the receiving reflective medium substrate and the receiving radiation medium substrate, and the lateral widths of the emitting reflective medium substrate and the emitting radiation medium substrate are larger than the receiving reflective medium substrate and the receiving radiation The lateral width of the dielectric substrate.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention realizes the fan-shaped wide beam of the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna in the horizontal plane, and realizes the narrow beam in the elevation plane, and loads the reflective layer of the transmitting antenna and guides it to the metal patch surface, so that the beam of the transmitting antenna is offset. The 3dB beamwidth on the elevation plane of the transmitting antenna is 9.7°, the beamwidth on the horizontal plane with a gain of 10dB or more reaches 156°, and the maximum gain is 13.5dB at 60°; the 3dB beamwidth on the elevation plane of the receiving antenna is 9.9°, and the maximum gain on the horizontal plane is 13.9dB, 3dB The beam width is 152.1°. The transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna have a simple structure and are easy to process. Both the gain and the beam width meet the requirements of the vehicle-mounted corner radar, and are suitable for the vehicle-mounted corner radar.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure expansion of the fan-shaped wide-beam transmitting antenna.

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a reflective layer of a transmitting antenna.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the radiation layer of the transmitting antenna.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure expansion of the fan-shaped wide-beam receiving antenna.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the reflective layer of the receiving antenna.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the radiation layer of the receiving antenna.

FIG. 7 is a graph of transmitting antenna S ₁₁ .

Fig. 8 is a radiation pattern diagram of the transmitting antenna on the horizontal plane (H plane) at the center frequency.

Fig. 9 is a radiation pattern diagram of the elevation plane (E plane) of the transmitting antenna at the center frequency.

Fig. 10 is a graph of receiving antenna S ₁₁ .

Fig. 11 is a radiation pattern diagram of the receiving antenna on the horizontal plane (H plane) at the center frequency.

Fig. 12 is a radiation pattern diagram of the elevation plane (E plane) of the receiving antenna at the center frequency.

Labels in the figure:

1. Launch reflective layer; 1-1. Launch reflective medium substrate; 1-2 Launch guide metal patch; 1-3. Launch reflective metal strips;

2. Emitting radiation layer; 2-1. Emitting metal floor; 2-2. Emitting radiation medium substrate; 2-3. Emitting microstrip feeder; 2-4. Emitting radiation metal patch; 2-5. Emitting microstrip matching part;

3. Receiving reflective layer; 3-1. Receiving reflective medium substrate; 3-2. Receiving reflective metal strips;

4. Receiving radiation layer; 4-1. Receiving metal floor; 4-2. Receiving radiation medium substrate; 4-3. Receiving microstrip feeder; 4-4. Receiving radiation patch; 4-5. Receiving microstrip matching section .

Detailed ways

In order to make the object, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the directional terms mentioned in the embodiments, such as "upper", "lower", "middle", "left", "right", "front", "rear", etc., are only referring to the directions of the drawings . Therefore, the directions used are only for illustration and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

A fan-shaped wide-beam transceiver antenna includes a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna.

The above-mentioned transmitting antenna is shown in FIG. 1 , and the antenna includes a transmitting reflective layer 1 and a transmitting radiation layer 2 arranged at intervals. The longitudinal centers of the emitting reflection layer 1 and the radiation emitting layer 2 are on the same vertical line. The size of the interval between the emission reflection layer 1 and the emission radiation layer 2 has a great influence on the beam width of the emission antenna. After optimization, the interval between the emission reflection layer 1 and the emission emission layer 2 of the emission antenna in this embodiment is 3.3mm .

Referring to FIG. 2 , the emission reflective layer 1 is composed of an emission reflective medium substrate 1-1, an emission guide metal patch array and an emission reflective metal strip 1-3. The emitting guide metal patch array and the emitting reflective metal strip 1-3 are simultaneously arranged on the side surface of the emitting reflective medium substrate 1-1 facing the radiation emitting layer 2, that is, the lower surface, and the emitting guide is directed to the metal patch array and the emitting reflective metal strip 1-3. The reflective metal strips 1-3 are respectively located on both sides of the longitudinal centerline of the emitting reflective medium substrate 1-1. In this embodiment, the emission reflective metal strip 1-3 is located on the left side of the longitudinal centerline of the emission reflective medium substrate 1-1, and the emission guide metal patch array is located on the right side of the longitudinal centerline of the emission radiation medium substrate 2-2 , so that the maximum radiation direction of the transmitting antenna is shifted to 60°. In this embodiment, the distance between the longitudinal centerline of the emitting metal reflective strip 1-3 and the longitudinal centerline of the emitting reflective medium substrate 1-1 is 1.55mm, and the emission leads to the longitudinal centerline of the metal patch array and the emitting reflective medium substrate 1-1. The distance from the longitudinal midline is 1.7mm. The emitter-directed metal patch array includes a plurality of rectangular emitter-directed metal patches 1-2, and these emitter-directed metal patches 1-2 are equally spaced along the longitudinal direction of the emitter reflective medium substrate 1-1, and all emitters The longitudinal midlines leading to metal patches 1-2 coincide. In the present embodiment, the number of emission guide metal patches 1-2 is 10, and the distance between every two guide metal patches in the transverse direction is 2.25 mm. All emitters are directed to the same longitudinal length of the metal patch 1-2. In the longitudinal direction of the emission guide metal patch 1-2, the transverse width of the emission guide metal patch 1-2 in the middle is the largest, and the lateral width of the emission guide metal patch 1-2 is the largest on both sides. slowing shrieking. In this embodiment, the longitudinal lengths of the 10 emission guide metal patches 1-2 are uniformly 0.69mm, and the transverse widths are 0.1mm, 0.3mm, 0.55mm, 0.7mm, 0.9mm, 0.9mm, 0.7mm, 0.55mm, 0.3mm, 0.1mm. The emission reflective metal strip 1-3 is in the shape of a rectangular strip, and extends along the longitudinal direction of the emission reflection medium substrate 1-1 to the edge of the emission reflection medium substrate 1-1. The lateral width of the emission reflective metal strip 1-3 is between the lateral width of the largest emission radiation metal patch 2-4 and the lateral width of the second largest emission radiation metal patch 2-4, i.e. emission reflection in this example The lateral width of the metal strip 1-3 is between the lateral width of the fourth radiation-emitting metal patch 2-4 and the lateral width of the fifth radiation-emitting metal patch 2-4. In this embodiment, the width of the emitting metal reflective strips 1-3 is 1.06 mm. Since the lateral width of the emitting metal reflective strip 1-3 is slightly wider than that of most radiation-emitting metal patches 2-4, it plays a reflection role and can play a role in widening the horizontal plane (H plane) beam.

Referring to FIG. 3 , the radiation-emitting layer 2 is composed of an emitting metal floor 2-1, a radiation-emitting medium substrate 2-2 and a radiation-emitting unit. The size of the emitting metal floor 2-1 is the same as that of the radiation-emitting medium substrate 2-2, and covers the surface of the radiation-emitting medium substrate 2-2 away from the emitting reflective layer 1, that is, the lower surface. The radiation-emitting unit is arranged on the side surface of the radiation-emitting medium substrate 2-2 facing the emitting reflective layer 1, that is, the upper surface, and the radiation-emitting unit is located on one side of the longitudinal centerline of the radiation-emitting medium substrate 2-2. In this embodiment, the radiation-emitting unit is located on the left side of the longitudinal centerline of the radiation-emitting medium substrate 2-2. The transmitting and radiating unit includes a transmitting microstrip feeder 2-3, a transmitting and radiating metal patch array and a transmitting microstrip matching section 2-5. The radiation-emitting metal patch array includes a plurality of rectangular radiation-emitting metal patches 2-4, and these radiation-emitting metal patches 2-4 are equally spaced along the longitudinal direction of the radiation-emitting medium substrate 2-2, and all the radiation-emitting metal patches The longitudinal midlines of slices 2-4 coincide. The number of emission-directed metal patches 1-2 contained in the emission-directed metal patch array is the same as the number of emission-radiation metal patches 2-4 contained in the emission-radiation metal patch array, and the positions are in the vertical projection One-to-one correspondence in direction means that the transverse centerline of the vertical projection of the radiation-directing metal patch 1-2 on the radiation-emitting surface coincides with the transverse centerline of each radiation-emitting metal patch 2-4. The size of the emission-directing metal patch 1-2 is slightly smaller than the size of the radiation-emitting metal patch 2-4 corresponding to its vertical projection direction. All radiation-emitting metal patches 2-4 have the same longitudinal length. In this embodiment, the number of radiation-emitting metal patches 2-4 is ten. In the longitudinal arrangement direction of the radiation-emitting metal patches 2-4, the lateral width of the radiation-emitting metal patch 2-4 in the middle is the largest, while the lateral width of the radiation-emitting metal patches 2-4 gradually decreases toward both sides. The longitudinal midlines of the 10 radiation-emitting metal patches 2-4 are coincident, and the longitudinal lengths are the same, and the lateral width of each radiating metal patch 2-4 is controlled so that the input impedance of each array element is different, thereby controlling the current of each array element Amplitude, so that the entire line array obeys the Chebyshev current distribution, and realizes narrow beams on the elevation plane (E plane) of the receiving antenna and the transmitting antenna. The longitudinal centerline of the emitting microstrip matching section 2-5 coincides with the longitudinal centerline of the radiation-emitting metal patch array, and the emitting microstrip matching section 2-5 is located at the edge of the radiation-emitting medium substrate 2-2. The longitudinal lengths of the emitting microstrip matching sections 2-5 are all λ _ε /4, where λ _ε is the wavelength of the medium, so as to match the impedance of the radiation linear array to 50 ohms. In this embodiment, the longitudinal length of the transmitting microstrip matching section 2-5 is 0.6 mm, and the lateral width is 0.7 mm. The elongated transmitting microstrip feeder 2-3 connects all transmitting radiation metal patches 2-4 and transmitting microstrip matching sections 2-5 in series. In this embodiment, the width of the transmitting microstrip feeder 2-3 is 0.23mm.

As shown in FIG. 4 , the above-mentioned receiving antenna includes a receiving reflective layer 3 and a receiving radiation layer 4 arranged at intervals. The centers of the receiving reflection layer 3 and the radiation receiving layer 4 are on the same vertical line. The distance between the receiving reflection layer 3 and the radiation receiving layer 4 has a great influence on the beam width of the receiving antenna. After optimization, the distance between the receiving reflection layer 3 and the radiation receiving layer 4 in this embodiment is 2.6mm.

Referring to FIG. 5 , the receiving reflective layer 3 is composed of a receiving reflective medium substrate 3 - 1 and a receiving reflective metal strip 3 - 2 . The receiving reflective metal strip 3-2 is arranged on the side surface of the receiving reflective medium substrate 3-1 facing the radiation receiving layer 4, that is, the lower surface, and the longitudinal centerline of the receiving reflective metal strip 3-2 is aligned with the receiving reflective medium substrate 3- The longitudinal midlines of 1 coincide. The receiving reflective metal strip 3-2 is in the shape of a rectangular strip and extends along the longitudinal direction of the receiving reflective medium substrate 3-1 to the edge of the receiving reflective medium substrate 3-1.

Referring to FIG. 6 , the radiation receiving layer 4 is composed of a receiving metal floor 4 - 1 , a radiation receiving medium substrate 4 - 2 and a radiation receiving unit. The receiving metal floor 4 - 1 has the same size as the radiation receiving medium substrate 4 - 2 , and covers the surface of the radiation receiving medium substrate 4 - 2 away from the receiving reflective layer 3 , that is, the lower surface. The radiation receiving unit is arranged on the side surface facing the receiving reflective layer 3 , that is, the upper surface, and the longitudinal centerline of the radiation receiving unit coincides with the longitudinal centerline of the radiation receiving medium substrate 4 - 2 . The receiving radiation unit includes a receiving microstrip feeder 4-3, a receiving radiation metal patch array and a receiving microstrip matching section 4-5. The radiation-receiving metal patch array includes a plurality of radiation-receiving metal patches 4-4, and these radiation-receiving metal patches 4-4 are equally spaced along the longitudinal direction of the radiation-receiving medium substrate 4-2, and all the radiation-receiving metal patches 4 The longitudinal midlines of -4 coincide. In this embodiment, the number of radiation-receiving metal patches 4-4 is ten. All radiation receiving metal patches 4-4 have the same longitudinal length. In the longitudinal arrangement direction of the radiation-receiving metal patches 4-4, the radiation-receiving metal patch 4-4 in the middle has the largest lateral width, and the lateral width of the radiation-receiving metal patches 4-4 gradually decreases toward both sides. The longitudinal centerline of the receiving microstrip matching section 4-5 coincides with the longitudinal centerline of the radiation receiving metal patch array, and the receiving microstrip matching section 4-5 is located at the edge of the radiation receiving medium substrate 4-2. The longitudinal lengths of the receiving microstrip matching sections 4-5 are all λ _ε /4, where λ _ε is the wavelength of the medium. The elongated receiving microstrip feeder 4-3 connects all receiving radiation metal patches 4-4 and receiving microstrip matching sections 4-5 in series. The size and principle of the receiving radiating unit are exactly the same as those of the transmitting radiating unit.

The size of the emitting reflective medium substrate 1-1 is the same as that of the emitting radiation medium substrate 2-2, and the size of the receiving reflective medium substrate 3-1 is the same as that of the receiving radiation medium substrate 4-2. The longitudinal length of the emitting reflective medium substrate 1-1 and the emitting radiation medium substrate 2-2 is equal to the longitudinal length of the receiving reflective medium substrate and the receiving radiation medium substrate 4-2, and the emitting reflective medium substrate 1-1 and the emitting radiation medium substrate 2-2 The lateral width of 4-2 is greater than the lateral width of the receiving reflective medium substrate and the receiving radiation medium substrate 4-2. In this embodiment, the materials used for the transmitting reflective medium substrate 1-1, the transmitting radiation medium substrate 2-2, the receiving reflective medium substrate 3-1 and the receiving radiation medium substrate 4-2 are Rogers RO3003, the dielectric constant is 3.0, and the loss Angle tangent 0.0010, thickness 0.254mm.

7-9 are respectively the S parameter curve and the radiation pattern (H plane and E plane) of the transmitting antenna of the embodiment of the present invention. The center frequency of the transmitting antenna is 77GHz, the working bandwidth is 1.2GHz (76.4GHz-77.6GHz), the maximum gain deviation of 60° on the horizontal plane (H plane) reaches 14.02dB, and the gain beam width above 10dB reaches 155°, and the elevation plane (E plane) The 3dB beamwidth (half power beamwidth) is 9.7°. 10-12 are respectively the S parameter curve and the radiation pattern (H plane and E plane) of the receiving antenna of the embodiment of the present invention. The center frequency of the receiving antenna is 77GHz, the working bandwidth is 1.2GHz (76.4GHz-77.6GHz), the maximum gain is 13.9dB, the 3dB beamwidth (half-power beamwidth) of the horizontal plane (H plane) is 152°, and the elevation plane (E plane) 3dB beam The width (half-power beamwidth) is 9.9°. Thus it can be seen that the structure of the transceiver antenna of the present invention is simple, the elevation plane (E plane) beam is narrow, the horizontal plane (H plane) beam is wide, and the beam shape is a fan-shaped wide beam, which can be applied to the vehicle-mounted angle radar.

It should be noted that although the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention are illustrative, they are not intended to limit the present invention, so the present invention is not limited to the above specific implementation manners. Without departing from the principles of the present invention, all other implementations obtained by those skilled in the art under the inspiration of the present invention are deemed to be within the protection of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. Sector-shaped wide-beam transceiver antenna, comprising transmitting antenna and receiving antenna, is characterized in that, The transmitting antenna includes a transmitting reflective layer (1) and a transmitting radiation layer (2) arranged at intervals; The emission reflective layer (1) is composed of an emission reflective medium substrate (1-1), an emission guide metal patch array and an emission reflective metal strip (1-3); the emission guide metal patch array and the emission reflective metal strip The strips (1-3) are simultaneously arranged on the side surface of the emitting reflective medium substrate (1-1) facing the radiation emitting layer (2), and the emission leads to the metal patch array and the emitting reflective metal strips (1-3) Respectively located on both sides of the longitudinal centerline of the emission reflective medium substrate (1-1); the emission-directed metal patch array includes a plurality of rectangular emission-directed metal patches (1-2), and these emission-directed metal patches ( 1-2) Distributed at equal intervals along the longitudinal direction of the emitting reflective medium substrate (1-1), and the longitudinal centerlines of all emitting metal patches (1-2) coincide; emitting reflective metal strips (1-3) are Rectangular strips, extending along both ends of the longitudinal direction of the emitting reflective medium substrate (1-1) to the edge of the emitting reflective medium substrate (1-1); Radiation emitting layer (2) is made of emitting metal floor (2-1), emitting radiation medium substrate (2-2) and emitting radiation unit; the size of emitting metal floor (2-1) is the same as that of emitting radiation medium substrate (2- 2 are the same, and covered on the side surface of the radiation-emitting medium substrate (2-2) away from the emission reflection layer (1); the radiation-emitting unit is arranged on the side of the radiation-emitting medium substrate (2-2) facing the emission reflection layer (1) On one side of the surface, and located on one side of the longitudinal midline of the radiation-emitting medium substrate (2-2); the radiation-emitting unit includes a microstrip feeder line (2-3), a radiation-emitting metal patch array, and a microstrip matching section (2-5); The radiation-emitting metal patch array includes a plurality of rectangular radiation-emitting metal patches (2-4), and these radiation-emitting metal patches (2-4) are along the sides of the radiation-emitting medium substrate (2-2) The longitudinal direction is equally spaced, and the longitudinal centerlines of all radiation-emitting metal patches (2-4) coincide; the longitudinal centerlines of the emitting microstrip matching section (2-5) coincide with the longitudinal centerline of the radiation-emitting metal patch array, and the emission One end of the microstrip matching section (2-5) in the longitudinal direction extends to the edge of the radiation-emitting medium substrate (2-2); the strip-shaped emitting microstrip feeder (2-3) connects all the radiation-emitting metal patches (2-2) -4) connected in series with the launch microstrip matching section (2-5); The receiving antenna includes a receiving reflection layer (3) and a receiving radiation layer (4) arranged at intervals; The receiving reflective layer (3) is composed of a receiving reflective medium substrate (3-1) and a receiving reflective metal strip (3-2); the receiving reflective metal strip (3-2) is arranged on the receiving reflective medium substrate (3-1 ) towards the surface of one side of the radiation-receiving layer (4), and the longitudinal centerline of the receiving reflective metal strip (3-2) coincides with the longitudinal centerline of the receiving reflective medium substrate (3-1); the receiving reflective metal strip (3 -2) It is in the shape of a rectangular strip and extends along the longitudinal direction of the receiving reflective medium substrate (3-1) to the edge of the receiving reflective medium substrate (3-1); The receiving radiation layer (4) is made of receiving metal floor (4-1), receiving radiation medium substrate (4-2) and receiving radiation unit; the size of receiving metal floor (4-1) is the same as that of receiving radiation medium substrate (4- 2) are the same, and covered on the side surface of the radiation-receiving medium substrate (4-2) away from the receiving reflective layer (3); the receiving radiation unit is arranged on the side surface facing the receiving reflective layer (3), and receives radiation The longitudinal centerline of the unit coincides with the longitudinal centerline of the receiving radiation medium substrate (4-2); the receiving radiation unit includes a receiving microstrip feeder (4-3), a receiving radiation metal patch array and a receiving microstrip matching section (4-5) The radiation-receiving metal patch array includes a plurality of radiation-receiving metal patches (4-4), and these radiation-receiving metal patches (4-4) are equally spaced along the longitudinal direction of the radiation-receiving medium substrate (4-2), and The longitudinal centerlines of all receiving radiation metal patches (4-4) coincide; the longitudinal centerlines of receiving microstrip matching sections (4-5) coincide with the longitudinal centerlines of receiving radiation metal patch arrays, and receiving microstrip matching sections (4-5) 5) One end of the longitudinal direction extends to the edge of the receiving radiation medium substrate (4-2); the strip-shaped receiving microstrip feeder (4-3) connects all receiving radiation metal patches (4-4) and receiving microstrip The matching sections (4-5) are connected in series; the size of the receiving radiation unit is exactly the same as that of the transmitting radiation unit. 2. The fan-shaped wide-beam transceiver antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, all emission leads to the same longitudinal length of the metal patch (1-2); In the arrangement direction, the emitter-directed metal patch (1-2) located in the middle has the largest lateral width, while the lateral width of the emitter-directed metal patch (1-2) on both sides gradually decreases. 3. The fan-shaped wide-beam transceiver antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, the longitudinal lengths of all emission radiation metal patches (2-4) are identical; the vertical arrangement of emission radiation metal patches (2-4) In the direction, the radiation-emitting metal patch (2-4) located in the middle has the largest lateral width, while the lateral width of the radiation-emitting metal patch (2-4) gradually decreases toward both sides. 4. The fan-shaped wide-beam transceiver antenna according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the longitudinal lengths of all receiving radiation metal patches (4-4) are identical; Directionally, the radiation-receiving metal patch (4-4) located in the middle has the largest lateral width, while the lateral width of the radiation-receiving metal patch (4-4) gradually decreases toward both sides. 5. sector wide-beam transceiving antenna according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the vertical length of transmitting microstrip matching section (2-5) and receiving microstrip matching section (4-5) is λ _ε /4, Where λ _ε is the wavelength of the medium. 6. The fan-shaped wide-beam transceiver antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, the direction in which the emission reflection metal strip (1-3) deviates from the longitudinal centerline of the emission reflection medium substrate (1-1) deviates from the emission radiation unit The directions of the longitudinal centerlines of the radiation medium substrate (2-2) are on the same side. 7. fan-shaped wide-beam transceiver antenna according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the size of transmitting reflective medium substrate (1-1) is identical with the size of transmitting radiating medium substrate (2-2), and receiving reflective medium substrate (3 -1) has the same size as the radiation-receiving medium substrate (4-2). 8. The fan-shaped wide-beam transceiver antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that, the longitudinal length of the emission reflection medium substrate (1-1) and the emission radiation medium substrate (2-2) is equal to the reception reflection medium substrate and the reception radiation medium The longitudinal length of the substrate (4-2), the lateral width of the emitting reflective medium substrate (1-1) and the emitting radiation medium substrate (2-2) is greater than the transverse width of the receiving reflective medium substrate and the receiving radiation medium substrate (4-2) . 9. The fan-shaped wide-beam transceiver antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, the emission directed to the metal patch array included in the emission guides the quantity of the metal patch (1-2) to be equal to the number of the emitted radiation metal patch array. The number of radiation-emitting metal patches (2-4) included is the same, and the positions are in a one-to-one correspondence in the vertical projection direction; wherein the size of the emission-directed metal patch (1-2) is smaller than that corresponding to the vertical projection direction The size of the radiation-emitting metal patch (2-4). 10. The fan-shaped wide-beam transceiver antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, the lateral width of the emission reflective metal strip (1-3) is between the lateral width of the maximum emission radiation metal patch and the second largest emission radiation metal patch Between the horizontal width of the patch.