CN108873081A - A kind of main seam net of oil gas pressure break stitches four-dimensional electromagnetism method of real-time and system - Google Patents
A kind of main seam net of oil gas pressure break stitches four-dimensional electromagnetism method of real-time and system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of main seam net of oil gas pressure break and stitches four-dimensional electromagnetism method of real-time and system, in each fracturing section work progress, in the excitation of electromagnetic wave signal parallel or perpendicular to horizontal well direction set distance extroversion pressure break destination layer transmitting different frequency, obtains pressure break and lead electric field signal or magnetic field signal in electric field signal or magnetic field signal and fracturing process before several monitoring points in a well monitoring range are in pressure break；Based in the electric field signal or magnetic field signal and fracturing process before pressure break electric field signal or magnetic field signal obtain residual error electric field or the residual error magnetic field of each monitoring point, and electric field residual error degree or magnetic field residual error degree or resistivity residual error degree are obtained according to the residual error electric field or residual error magnetic field；Amplitude based on the electric field residual error degree or magnetic field residual error degree or resistivity residual error degree feature that changes with time judges fracturing fracture for main large fracture or uniform crack.Solve the problems, such as that the prior art is unable to the property and feature of effecting reaction complex fracture.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the oil gas development technology fields in Key words exploration geophysics field, more particularly, to a kind of oil gas pressure
It splits main seam net and stitches four-dimensional electromagnetism method of real-time and system.
Background technique
In oil field, pressure break refers in oil recovery or gas production process, using hydraulic action, oil-gas Layer is made to form the one of crack
Kind method, also known as hydraulic fracturing.Pressure break is that stratum is artificially made to generate crack, improves oil in the flowing environment of underground, makes oil well
Yield increases, and can play an important role to improving oil well shaft bottom flox condition, slowing down interlayer and improving reservoir producing situation.Pressure
The method split divides hydraulic fracturing and high enegry gas fracturing two major classes, and hydraulic fracturing is to lean on high pressure pump truck vehicle group in ground by fluid high-speed
In injection well, the high pressure suppressed by shaft bottom makes reservoir rock rupture generate crack.After preventing pump truck from stopping working, pressure
Decline, crack voluntarily closes up again, in the injection liquid after formation fracture, the sand of the big several times of mixing ratio density of earth formations, and cocurrent flow
Body enters crack together, and permanently rests in crack, and supporting crack is in the open state, changes oil stream environment for a long time
It is kind.Current hydraulic fracturing technology is highly developed, and oil well production increasing effect is obvious, early has become the common technology of people's first choice.
After oil/gas well implements fracturing reform measure, effective monitoring method is needed to determine fracturing work effect, obtains pressure
All multi informations such as induced fractures flow conductivity, geometric shape, complexity and its orientation are split, to improve shale gas reservoir fracturing yield increasing work
Industry effect and gas well deliverability, and improve shale gas recovery ratio.Monitoring method in the prior art will have：It is underground microseism, straight
Close to pit shaft monitoring fractures, distributed acoustic sensor.Underground micro-seismic monitoring method is can to induce micro-seismic event according to fluid injection
Principle carry out wave field response analysis using the wave field of return to the response characteristic in gas-bearing reservoir crack, obtain the prison of corresponding pressure break
Survey reaction result；Micro-seismic monitoring is the matching technology in shale gas reservoir hydrfracturing transformation process, but at present due to micro-ly
Monitoring technology limitation is shaken, signal can constantly decay when propagating in the earth formation because of seismic wave, wellbore environment noise is big, pump pressure and pump speed
Etc. reasons, cannot it is largely effective intuitively describe hydraulic fracturing transformation reservoir crack growth course, geometry and space
Spread；Directly close pit shaft monitoring fractures method principle：Monitoring technology be by well logging pressure break after shale gas well fluid physics characteristic,
The nearly pit shaft range fracture parameters information of inverting mainly includes isotopic tracer method, temperature logging etc.；But directly close pit shaft is split
Gap monitoring method does not have real time monitoring function, and monitoring range is small, is typically only capable to as the means of supplementing out economy；Distributed acoustic sensor monitoring side
Method is the sound distribution situation used optical fibers as along sound sensor transmission medium real-time monitoring optical fiber, and then obtains crack letter
Breath；There is good reaction in inclination angle, the orientation of distributed acoustic sensor monitoring method fracture, but are unable to the seam of effecting reaction complex fracture
Wide, the high data of seam.
In conclusion the decaying of currently existing scheme signal is fast, influenced by wellbore environment noise, pump pressure and pump speed etc., Bu Nengshi
Divide the property for effectively intuitively describing the crack of hydraulic fracturing transformation reservoir；Do not have real time monitoring function, monitoring range
It is small, it is typically only capable to as the means of supplementing out economy；The inclination angle and orientation in crack can only be reacted, but is unable to effecting reaction complex fracture
Property and feature.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of a kind of main seam of oil gas pressure break for overcoming the above problem or at least being partially solved the above problem
Net stitches four-dimensional electromagnetism method of real-time and system, solves signal decaying in the prior art fastly, by wellbore environment noise, pump pressure
And pump speed etc. influences, and largely effective cannot intuitively describe the property in the crack of hydraulic fracturing transformation reservoir, be unable to effecting reaction
The problem of property and feature of complex fracture.
According to an aspect of the present invention, a kind of main four-dimensional electromagnetism method of real-time of seam net seam of oil gas pressure break, packet are provided
It includes：
In each fracturing section work progress, sent out parallel or perpendicular to horizontal well direction set distance extroversion pressure break destination layer
The excitation of electromagnetic wave signal of different frequency is penetrated, acquisition pressure break leads several monitoring points in a well monitoring range and is in the electric field before pressure break
Electric field signal or magnetic field signal in signal or magnetic field signal and fracturing process；
Based in the electric field signal or magnetic field signal and fracturing process before pressure break electric field signal or magnetic field signal obtain respectively
The residual error electric field of a monitoring point or residual error magnetic field, and electric field residual error degree or magnetic field are obtained according to the residual error electric field or residual error magnetic field
Residual error degree or resistivity residual error degree；
Amplitude based on the electric field residual error degree or magnetic field residual error degree or resistivity residual error degree feature that changes with time is sentenced
Disconnected fracturing fracture is main large fracture or uniform crack.
Preferably, further including before the construction of current fracturing section：
It is including several dominant frequency and harmonic wave parallel or perpendicular to horizontal well direction set distance extroversion pressure break target layer arrangement
Signal emitting-source, the signal emitting-source includes excitation of electromagnetic wave signal excitation source and electric dipole.
Preferably, further including before the construction of current fracturing section：
It is led in the pressure break and arranges several monitoring points in well monitoring range, each monitoring point is provided with electric field monitoring sensing
Device or magnetic field monitor sensor, believe for continuously monitoring each fracturing section difference pressure break time pressure break destination layer excitation of electromagnetic wave
Number response electric field signal or magnetic field signal.
Preferably, emitting different frequency parallel or perpendicular to horizontal well direction set distance extroversion pressure break destination layer
Excitation of electromagnetic wave signal after, further include：
Record current strength corresponding to different frequency excitation of electromagnetic wave signal.
Electric field signal or magnetic before pressure break are in preferably, obtaining pressure break and leading several monitoring points in a well monitoring range
After electric field signal or magnetic field signal in field signal and fracturing process, further include
Acquisition monitoring point different frequency excitation of electromagnetic wave in the electric field signal or magnetic field signal and fracturing process before pressure break
Signal corresponds to electric field signal or magnetic field signal, according to the corresponding current strength of different frequency excitation of electromagnetic wave signal to fracturing process
Middle electric field signal or magnetic field signal normalization.
Preferably, and obtaining electric field residual error degree or magnetic field residual error degree or electricity according to the residual error electric field or residual error magnetic field
Resistance rate residual error degree, specifically includes：
Frequency-residual error electric field or frequency-residual error magnetic field or frequency-residual error are obtained based on the residual error electric field or residual error magnetic field
The relationship of resistivity, it is different to bearing in the frequency-residual error electric field or frequency-residual error magnetic field or frequency-residual error resistivity relation
Integral Processing is often carried out, electric field residual error degree or magnetic field residual error degree or resistivity residual error degree and corresponding difference curve are obtained
With second differnce curve.
Preferably, amplitude based on the electric field residual error degree or magnetic field residual error degree or resistivity residual error degree is at any time
Variation characteristic judges that fracturing fracture for main large fracture or uniform crack, specifically includes：
According to the electric field residual error degree of each monitoring point of all fracturing sections or magnetic field residual error degree or resistivity residual error degree and correspondence
Difference curve and second differnce curve obtain plane equivalence, existed according to the plane equivalence to fracturing fracture
The geometry areal extent in space is monitored, and judges fracturing fracture for main large fracture or uniform crack.
Preferably, amplitude based on the electric field residual error degree or magnetic field residual error degree or resistivity residual error degree is at any time
Variation characteristic judges that fracturing fracture for main large fracture or uniform crack, specifically includes：
Compare the electric field residual error degree of each monitoring point in fracturing section center two sides or the width of magnetic field residual error degree or resistivity residual error degree
The value feature that changes with time judges fracturing fracture for main large fracture or uniform crack；
If promoting at any time, from fracturing section center toward two sides, each monitoring point electric field residual error degree or magnetic field residual error degree or resistance
The amplitude of rate residual error degree gradually decreases, then it represents that destination layer forms uniformly seam net；
If promoting at any time, from fracturing section center toward two sides, each monitoring point electric field residual error degree or magnetic field residual error degree or resistance
The amplitude of rate residual error degree reduces rapidly, then it represents that destination layer forms several main large fractures.
Preferably, amplitude based on the electric field residual error degree or magnetic field residual error degree or resistivity residual error degree is at any time
Variation characteristic judges that fracturing fracture for main large fracture or uniform crack, specifically includes：
Amplitude based on single monitoring point electric field residual error degree or magnetic field residual error degree or resistivity residual error degree changes with time
Feature judges fracturing fracture for main large fracture or uniform crack, if electric field residual error degree or magnetic field residual error degree or resistivity residual error degree
Amplitude gradually uniformly reduces at any time, then it represents that destination layer forms uniformly seam net, if electric field residual error degree or magnetic field residual error degree or electricity
The amplitude of resistance rate residual error degree reduces rapidly, and then variation is gentle, then it represents that destination layer forms several main large fractures.
A kind of main four-dimensional electromagnetism real-time monitoring system of seam net seam of oil gas pressure break, including：
Excitation of electromagnetic wave source, for emitting not parallel or perpendicular to horizontal well direction set distance extroversion pressure break destination layer
The excitation of electromagnetic wave signal of same frequency；
Electric field or magnetic field signal monitoring device lead several monitoring points in a well monitoring range for obtaining pressure break and are in pressure break
Electric field signal or magnetic field signal in preceding electric field signal or magnetic field signal and fracturing process；
Signal processor, for based in the electric field signal or magnetic field signal and fracturing process before pressure break electric field signal or
Magnetic field signal obtains residual error electric field or the residual error magnetic field of each monitoring point, and obtains electricity according to the residual error electric field or residual error magnetic field
Field residual error degree or magnetic field residual error degree or resistivity residual error degree；Based on the electric field residual error degree or magnetic field residual error degree or resistivity residual error
The amplitude of the degree feature that changes with time judges fracturing fracture for main large fracture or uniform crack.
The present invention proposes that a kind of main seam net of oil gas pressure break stitches four-dimensional electromagnetism method of real-time and system, by emitting electromagnetism
Wave excitation signal and the electric field or magnetic field signal for receiving feedback simultaneously, utilize the change of electric field or magnetic field signal on room and time
Change feature to monitor fracturing section transverse direction, genesis analysis crack areal extent；Oil gas pressure break ideal effect is formed after pressing crack construction
Uniform seam net, analyzes FRACTURE CHARACTERISTICS using continuous observation acquisition electric field or magnetic field signal versus time curve feature,
May infer that pressure break is formed by crack is main large fracture or ideal uniformly seam net.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is to stitch four-dimensional electromagnetism method of real-time schematic diagram according to the main seam net of oil gas pressure break of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the curvilinear characteristic figure according to the main seam seam net of single-point electromagnetic monitoring of the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail.Implement below
Example is not intended to limit the scope of the invention for illustrating the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of main four-dimensional electromagnetism method of real-time of seam net seam of oil gas pressure break in figure, including：
In each fracturing section work progress, sent out parallel or perpendicular to horizontal well direction set distance extroversion pressure break destination layer
The excitation of electromagnetic wave signal of different frequency is penetrated, acquisition pressure break leads several monitoring points in a well monitoring range and is in the electric field before pressure break
Electric field signal or magnetic field signal in signal or magnetic field signal and fracturing process；
Based in the electric field signal or magnetic field signal and fracturing process before pressure break electric field signal or magnetic field signal obtain respectively
The residual error electric field of a monitoring point or residual error magnetic field, and electric field residual error degree or magnetic field are obtained according to the residual error electric field or residual error magnetic field
Residual error degree or resistivity residual error degree；
Amplitude based on the electric field residual error degree or magnetic field residual error degree or resistivity residual error degree feature that changes with time is sentenced
Disconnected fracturing fracture is main large fracture or uniform crack.
Specifically, based in the electric field or magnetic field signal and fracturing process before pressure break electric field or magnetic field signal obtain it is each
The residual error electric field of monitoring point or residual error magnetic field, and according to the residual error electric field or residual error magnetic field obtain electric field or magnetic field residual error degree or
Resistivity residual error degree and its single order second order airspace vector difference (i.e. single order airspace vector difference and second order airspace vector difference) and
One second order time domain vector difference (i.e. single order time domain vector difference and second order time domain vector difference)；To it is different during pressing crack construction when
Between the electric field that monitors or magnetic field signal carry out Difference Calculation on the basis of electric field surveyed before pressure break or magnetic field signal, seek residual error
Electric field or residual error magnetic field, the pressure break that can analyze each monitoring station in monitoring range involve situation；Utilize each monitoring point residual error
Electric field or the negative anomaly in residual error magnetic field integral, obtain electric field or magnetic field residual error degree or resistivity residual error degree and its single order second order airspace
Vector difference and a second order time domain vector difference, can analyze single monitoring point fracturing effect；
Electric field or magnetic field residual error degree or resistivity residual error degree and its single order second order airspace phasor difference based on each monitoring point
Divide and a second order time domain vector difference obtains fracturing fracture in the areal extent and fracturing effect in space；Using normalization electric field or
The curve that magnetic field is changed over time in single monitoring station, it can be determined that single hop pressure-break net feature judges whether to form uniform seam
Net or several main large fractures, evaluate fracturing effect, electric field or magnetic field residual error degree or resistivity residual error degree is bigger, and fracturing effect is got over
It is good, on the contrary fracturing effect is poor.Current fracturing section is judged by observing the fracturing section electromagnetic field data variation near current fracturing section
Whether water conservancy diversion enters neighbouring fracturing section to fracturing fluid.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, further including before the construction of current fracturing section：
It is including several dominant frequency and harmonic wave parallel or perpendicular to horizontal well direction certain distance extroversion pressure break target layer arrangement
Signal emitting-source, the signal emitting-source includes excitation of electromagnetic wave signal excitation source and electric dipole (electrode A and B).
Specifically, in the present embodiment, further including before the construction of current fracturing section：
It is led in the pressure break and arranges several monitoring points in well monitoring range, each monitoring point is provided with electric field monitoring sensing
Device or magnetic field monitor sensor, believe for continuously monitoring each fracturing section difference pressure break time pressure break destination layer excitation of electromagnetic wave
Number response electric field signal or magnetic field signal.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, being sent out parallel or perpendicular to horizontal well direction set distance extroversion pressure break destination layer
After penetrating the excitation of electromagnetic wave signal of different frequency, further include：
The corresponding current strength of different frequency excitation of electromagnetic wave signal is recorded, can and utilize emission stop signal electricity obtained
Intensity of flow normalizes electric field or magnetic field signal, and the electric field or magnetic field signal intensity after different pressure break period normalization are depicted as
Frequency-resistivity curve.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, acquisition pressure break leads several monitoring points in a well monitoring range and is in the electricity before pressure break
After electric field signal or magnetic field signal in field signal or magnetic field signal and fracturing process, further include
Acquisition monitoring point different frequency excitation of electromagnetic wave in the electric field signal or magnetic field signal and fracturing process before pressure break
Signal corresponds to electric field signal or magnetic field signal, according to the corresponding current strength of different frequency excitation of electromagnetic wave signal to fracturing process
Middle electric field signal or magnetic field signal normalization, and on the basis of the electric field or magnetic field signal surveyed before pressure break, to the pressing crack construction phase
Between the electric field that monitors of different time or magnetic field signal carry out Difference Calculation, obtain residual error electric field or the residual error magnetic field of monitoring point,
With residual error electric field or residual error magnetic field mapping frequency-residual error electric field or residual error field curve.
It is analyzed based on above-mentioned monitoring information obtained, can optimize and adjust fracturing parameter (including section spacing, cluster
Spacing, pressure etc.), Horizontal Well reticular density adjustment.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the process for calculating residual error electric field or residual error magnetic field is described as follows：
The potential difference data that monitoring receiver obtains different pressure break stage each monitoring points first calculates electric field, Eif=Δ
Vif/(IifMN), H is acquired using bar magnetif, wherein i indicates monitoring location, and f indicates frequency, and MN indicates the distance of monitoring point.
Using before pressure break and fracturing process in each monitoring point potential difference data, calculate residual error electric field or residual error magnetic field or
Residual error resistivity, formula are as follows：
Wherein t0Before indicating pressure break, t indicates a certain moment in fracturing process, as shown in Fig. 2, monitoring difference electric field for single-point
Or magnetic field signal percentage curve figure.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, and electric field residual error degree or magnetic field are obtained according to the residual error electric field or residual error magnetic field
Residual error degree or resistivity residual error degree, specifically include：
Frequency-residual error electric field or frequency-residual error magnetic field or frequency-residual error are obtained based on the residual error electric field or residual error magnetic field
The relationship of resistivity, it is different to bearing in the frequency-residual error electric field or frequency-residual error magnetic field or frequency-residual error resistivity relation
Integral Processing is often carried out, electric field residual error degree or magnetic field residual error degree or resistivity residual error degree and corresponding difference curve are obtained
With second differnce curve.
It is as follows to calculate electric field, magnetic field residual error degree, resistivity residual error degree formula difference：
Above formula indicates the electric field or magnetic field residual error degree or resistivity residual error degree of i-th monitoring point t moment in fracturing process.
In the present embodiment, it is a kind of method of the main seam seam net of the four-dimensional electromagnetic monitoring in real time of oil gas pressure break, utilizes single prison
The normalization electric field or magnetic field signal of measuring point, which draw curve graph with the variation of pressure break time, may determine that fracturing fracture feature.Such as
Shown in Fig. 2, solid line indicates that, with pressure break time stepping method, normalizing electric field or magnetic field signal gradually uniformly reduces, this feature
It is good to indicate that destination layer forms uniformly seam net, fracturing effect；And the electric field that dotted line indicates reduces rapidly early period in pressure break, in pressure break
Later period variation is gentle, and this character representation destination layer forms several main large fractures, is unfavorable for the release of reservoir hydrocarbons, fracturing effect
It is bad.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the width based on the electric field residual error degree or magnetic field residual error degree or resistivity residual error degree
The value feature that changes with time judges that fracturing fracture for main large fracture or uniform crack, specifically includes：
Amplitude based on single monitoring point electric field residual error degree or magnetic field residual error degree or resistivity residual error degree changes with time
Feature judges fracturing fracture for main large fracture or uniform crack, if electric field residual error degree or magnetic field residual error degree or resistivity residual error degree
Amplitude gradually uniformly reduces at any time, then it represents that destination layer forms uniformly seam net, if electric field residual error degree or magnetic field residual error degree or electricity
The amplitude of resistance rate residual error degree reduces rapidly, and then variation is gentle, then it represents that destination layer forms several main large fractures.
There are also a kind of method of the main seam seam net of the four-dimensional electromagnetic monitoring in real time of oil gas pressure break in the present embodiment, compare in fracturing section
The electric field or magnetic field residual error degree or residual error resistivity of the heart toward each monitoring point in two sides can be sentenced with the change curve of pressure break time
Disconnected fracturing fracture feature.If each monitoring point is from center toward two sides, electric field or magnetic field residual error degree or residual with pressure break time stepping method
Poor resistivity gradually decreases, and shows that destination layer forms uniformly seam net, illustrates that fracturing effect is good；If with pressure break time stepping method,
Each monitoring point is reduced rapidly from center toward two sides, electric field or magnetic field residual error degree or residual error resistivity, and it is several to show that destination layer is formed
Main large fracture, fracturing effect are bad.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the width based on the electric field residual error degree or magnetic field residual error degree or resistivity residual error degree
The value feature that changes with time judges that fracturing fracture for main large fracture or uniform crack, specifically includes：
Compare the electric field residual error degree of each monitoring point in fracturing section center two sides or the width of magnetic field residual error degree or resistivity residual error degree
The value feature that changes with time judges fracturing fracture for main large fracture or uniform crack；
If promoting at any time, from fracturing section center toward two sides, each monitoring point electric field residual error degree or magnetic field residual error degree or resistance
The amplitude of rate residual error degree gradually decreases, then it represents that destination layer forms uniformly seam net；
If promoting at any time, from fracturing section center toward two sides, each monitoring point electric field residual error degree or magnetic field residual error degree or resistance
The amplitude of rate residual error degree reduces rapidly, then it represents that destination layer forms several main large fractures.
There are also a kind of method of the main seam seam net of the four-dimensional electromagnetic monitoring in real time of oil gas pressure break in the present embodiment, institute after pressure break is utilized
The electric field or magnetic field residual error degree or residual error resistivity for having monitoring point draw plane equivalence, deducibility fracturing fracture feature.Deng
Value line is more smooth, and curvature is bigger, illustrates that electric field or magnetic field residual error degree or residual error change in resistance are smaller, crosses and gets over naturally, showing
It is good that destination layer forms uniformly seam net, fracturing effect；Otherwise isopleth is more bent, and curvature is smaller, illustrates electric field or magnetic field residual error degree
Or residual error change in resistance is bigger, it is stiff to get over excessively, shows that destination layer forms several main large fractures, fracturing effect is bad.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the width based on the electric field residual error degree or magnetic field residual error degree or resistivity residual error degree
The value feature that changes with time judges that fracturing fracture for main large fracture or uniform crack, specifically includes：
According to the electric field residual error degree of each monitoring point of all fracturing sections or magnetic field residual error degree or resistivity residual error degree and correspondence
Difference curve and second differnce curve obtain plane equivalence, existed according to the plane equivalence to fracturing fracture
The geometry areal extent in space is monitored, and judges fracturing fracture for main large fracture or uniform crack.
A kind of main four-dimensional electromagnetism real-time monitoring system of seam net seam of oil gas pressure break is additionally provided in the present embodiment, including：
Excitation of electromagnetic wave source, for emitting not parallel or perpendicular to horizontal well direction set distance extroversion pressure break destination layer
The excitation of electromagnetic wave signal of same frequency；
Electric field or magnetic field signal monitoring device lead several monitoring points in a well monitoring range for obtaining pressure break and are in pressure break
Electric field signal or magnetic field signal in preceding electric field signal or magnetic field signal and fracturing process；
Signal processor, for based in the electric field signal or magnetic field signal and fracturing process before pressure break electric field signal or
Magnetic field signal obtains residual error electric field or the residual error magnetic field of each monitoring point, and obtains electricity according to the residual error electric field or residual error magnetic field
Field residual error degree or magnetic field residual error degree or resistivity residual error degree；Based on the electric field residual error degree or magnetic field residual error degree or resistivity residual error
The amplitude of the degree feature that changes with time judges fracturing fracture for main large fracture or uniform crack.
In conclusion the embodiment of the present invention proposes that a kind of main seam net of oil gas pressure break stitches four-dimensional electromagnetism method of real-time and is
System is simultaneously received the electric field or magnetic field signal of feedback simultaneously by transmitting excitation of electromagnetic wave signal, is existed using electric field or magnetic field signal
Variation characteristic on room and time come monitor fracturing section laterally, genesis analysis crack areal extent；Oil gas pressure break ideal effect
It is to form uniform seam net after pressing crack construction, continuous observation is utilized to obtain electric field or magnetic field signal versus time curve feature
FRACTURE CHARACTERISTICS is analyzed, may infer that pressure break is formed by crack is main large fracture or ideal uniformly seam net.
The apparatus embodiments described above are merely exemplary, wherein described, unit can as illustrated by the separation member
It is physically separated with being or may not be, component shown as a unit can be or may not be physical unit, i.e.,
It can be located in one place, or may be distributed over multiple network units.Portion therein can be selected according to the actual needs
Point or whole module achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.Those of ordinary skill in the art are not paying creative labor
In the case of, it can it understands and implements.
Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can be understood that each embodiment can
It realizes by means of software and necessary general hardware platform, naturally it is also possible to pass through hardware.Based on this understanding, on
It states technical solution substantially or says that the part that contributes to existing technology can be embodied in the form of software products, the meter
Calculation machine software product may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, such as ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, CD, including some instructions
With so that computer equipment (can be personal computer, server or the network equipment etc.) execute each embodiment or
Method described in certain parts of embodiment.
Finally it should be noted that：The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than its limitations；Although
Present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that：It still may be used
To modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features；And
These modifications or substitutions, the spirit and model of technical solution of various embodiments of the present invention that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution
It encloses.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of main seam net of oil gas pressure break stitches four-dimensional electromagnetism method of real-time, which is characterized in that including：
In each fracturing section work progress, emit not parallel or perpendicular to horizontal well direction set distance extroversion pressure break destination layer
The excitation of electromagnetic wave signal of same frequency, acquisition pressure break lead several monitoring points in a well monitoring range and are in the electric field signal before pressure break
Or electric field signal or magnetic field signal in magnetic field signal and fracturing process；
Based in the electric field signal or magnetic field signal and fracturing process before pressure break electric field signal or magnetic field signal obtain each prison
The residual error electric field of measuring point or residual error magnetic field, and electric field residual error degree or magnetic field residual error are obtained according to the residual error electric field or residual error magnetic field
Degree or resistivity residual error degree；
Amplitude based on the electric field residual error degree or magnetic field residual error degree or resistivity residual error degree change with time feature judgement pressure
Crack is main large fracture or uniform crack.
2. the main seam net of oil gas pressure break according to claim 1 stitches four-dimensional electromagnetism method of real-time, which is characterized in that working as
Further include before preceding fracturing section construction：
It is including the letter of several dominant frequency and harmonic wave parallel or perpendicular to horizontal well direction set distance extroversion pressure break target layer arrangement
Number emission source, the signal emitting-source includes excitation of electromagnetic wave signal excitation source and electric dipole.
3. the main seam net of oil gas pressure break according to claim 1 stitches four-dimensional electromagnetism method of real-time, which is characterized in that working as
Further include before preceding fracturing section construction：
Led in the pressure break and arrange several monitoring points in well monitoring range, each monitoring point be provided with electric field monitoring sensor or
Magnetic field monitors sensor, rings for continuously monitoring each fracturing section difference pressure break time pressure break destination layer to excitation of electromagnetic wave signal
The electric field signal or magnetic field signal answered.
4. the main seam net of oil gas pressure break according to claim 1 stitches four-dimensional electromagnetism method of real-time, which is characterized in that flat
After capable or excitation of electromagnetic wave signal perpendicular to horizontal well direction set distance extroversion pressure break destination layer transmitting different frequency, also wrap
It includes：
Record current strength corresponding to different frequency excitation of electromagnetic wave signal.
5. the main seam net of oil gas pressure break according to claim 4 stitches four-dimensional electromagnetism method of real-time, which is characterized in that obtain
Pressure break leads the electricity in electric field signal or magnetic field signal and fracturing process before several monitoring points in a well monitoring range are in pressure break
After field signal or magnetic field signal, further include
Acquisition monitoring point different frequency excitation of electromagnetic wave signal in the electric field signal or magnetic field signal and fracturing process before pressure break
Corresponding electric field signal or magnetic field signal, according to the corresponding current strength of different frequency excitation of electromagnetic wave signal to electric in fracturing process
Field signal or magnetic field signal normalization.
6. the main seam net of oil gas pressure break according to claim 1 stitches four-dimensional electromagnetism method of real-time, which is characterized in that and root
Electric field residual error degree or magnetic field residual error degree or resistivity residual error degree are obtained according to the residual error electric field or residual error magnetic field, is specifically included：
Frequency-residual error electric field or frequency-residual error magnetic field or frequency-residual error resistance are obtained based on the residual error electric field or residual error magnetic field
The relationship of rate, to the negative anomaly in the frequency-residual error electric field or frequency-residual error magnetic field or frequency-residual error resistivity relation into
Row Integral Processing obtains electric field residual error degree or magnetic field residual error degree or resistivity residual error degree and corresponding difference curve and two
Difference curve.
7. the main seam net of oil gas pressure break according to claim 6 stitches four-dimensional electromagnetism method of real-time, which is characterized in that be based on
The amplitude of the electric field residual error degree or magnetic field residual error degree or resistivity residual error degree feature that changes with time judges that fracturing fracture is
Main large fracture or uniform crack, specifically include：
According to the electric field residual error degree of each monitoring point of all fracturing sections or magnetic field residual error degree or resistivity residual error degree and corresponding one
Difference curve and second differnce curve obtain plane equivalence, according to the plane equivalence to fracturing fracture in space
Geometry areal extent be monitored, judge fracturing fracture for main large fracture or uniform crack.
8. the main seam net of oil gas pressure break according to claim 1 stitches four-dimensional electromagnetism method of real-time, which is characterized in that be based on
The amplitude of the electric field residual error degree or magnetic field residual error degree or resistivity residual error degree feature that changes with time judges that fracturing fracture is
Main large fracture or uniform crack, specifically include：
Compare each monitoring point in fracturing section center two sides electric field residual error degree or magnetic field residual error degree or resistivity residual error degree amplitude with
The variation characteristic of time judges fracturing fracture for main large fracture or uniform crack；
It is residual from fracturing section center toward two sides, each monitoring point electric field residual error degree or magnetic field residual error degree or resistivity if promoting at any time
The amplitude of margin gradually decreases, then it represents that destination layer forms uniformly seam net；
It is residual from fracturing section center toward two sides, each monitoring point electric field residual error degree or magnetic field residual error degree or resistivity if promoting at any time
The amplitude of margin reduces rapidly, then it represents that destination layer forms several main large fractures.
9. the main seam net of oil gas pressure break according to claim 1 stitches four-dimensional electromagnetism method of real-time, which is characterized in that be based on
The amplitude of the electric field residual error degree or magnetic field residual error degree or resistivity residual error degree feature that changes with time judges that fracturing fracture is
Main large fracture or uniform crack, specifically include：
Amplitude based on single monitoring point electric field residual error degree or magnetic field residual error degree or resistivity residual error degree changes with time feature
Fracturing fracture is judged for main large fracture or uniform crack, if the amplitude of electric field residual error degree or magnetic field residual error degree or resistivity residual error degree
It gradually uniformly reduces at any time, then it represents that destination layer forms uniformly seam net, if electric field residual error degree or magnetic field residual error degree or resistivity
The amplitude of residual error degree reduces rapidly, and then variation is gentle, then it represents that destination layer forms several main large fractures.
10. a kind of main seam net of oil gas pressure break stitches four-dimensional electromagnetism real-time monitoring system, which is characterized in that including：
Excitation of electromagnetic wave source, for emitting different frequencies parallel or perpendicular to horizontal well direction set distance extroversion pressure break destination layer
The excitation of electromagnetic wave signal of rate；
Electric field or magnetic field signal monitoring device are led before several monitoring points are in pressure break in a well monitoring range for obtaining pressure break
Electric field signal or magnetic field signal in electric field signal or magnetic field signal and fracturing process；
Signal processor, for based in the electric field signal or magnetic field signal and fracturing process before pressure break electric field signal or magnetic field
Signal obtains residual error electric field or the residual error magnetic field of each monitoring point, and it is residual according to the residual error electric field or residual error magnetic field to obtain electric field
Margin or magnetic field residual error degree or resistivity residual error degree；Based on the electric field residual error degree or magnetic field residual error degree or resistivity residual error degree
The amplitude feature that changes with time judges fracturing fracture for main large fracture or uniform crack.
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