CN108872987A - The target extraction method with cylindrical structure based on polarization circular track SAR data - Google Patents
The target extraction method with cylindrical structure based on polarization circular track SAR data Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/89—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
- G01S13/90—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging using synthetic aperture techniques, e.g. synthetic aperture radar [SAR] techniques
- G01S13/904—SAR modes
- G01S13/9076—Polarimetric features in SAR
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/89—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
- G01S13/90—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging using synthetic aperture techniques, e.g. synthetic aperture radar [SAR] techniques
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/89—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
- G01S13/90—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging using synthetic aperture techniques, e.g. synthetic aperture radar [SAR] techniques
- G01S13/9021—SAR image post-processing techniques
- G01S13/9027—Pattern recognition for feature extraction
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Abstract
Present disclose provides a kind of target extraction methods with cylindrical structure based on polarization circular track SAR data, using polarization information identification can identify different scattering mechanism and circular track SAR can obtain target it is comprehensive to information the characteristics of, by polarization information in conjunction with circular track SAR omnibearing observation, realizing has the extraction of the target of cylindrical structure.
Description
Technical field
This disclosure relates to radar signal processing field more particularly to it is a kind of based on polarization circular track SAR data have cylinder
The target extraction method of body structure.
Background technique
Polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (Polarimetric Synthetic Aperture Radar, abbreviation polarization SAR) is
One of research hotspot of remote sensing fields.By mutually orthogonal two antennas transmitting and polarized electromagnetic wave is received, polarization SAR can obtain
Obtain the complete polarization information of target.Compared to traditional single-polarized data, full polarimetric SAR data provides target scattering more abundant
Information, this also becomes the basis of the application scenarios such as inverting target physical feature, goal decomposition, terrain classification.
Multi-angle observation SAR is as a kind of novel Remote Sensing Information Extraction technology, by the movement of observation platform, available pair
The big visual angle continuous imaging of target is observed, and is compensated for the observation modes such as traditional stripmap SAR and Spotlight SAR Imaging and can not be obtained target and exists
The deficiency of different observation angle scattering properties.The one kind of circular track SAR as multi-angle observation SAR can obtain in primary observation
The scattering properties of target 360 degrees omnidirection is goal in research scattering mechanism, structure feature and subsequent target identification, atural object
The application such as classification provides more accurate data supporting.
Correlative theses and research of the polarization in conjunction with multi-angle observation information are probed into both at home and abroad at present also in the elementary step.
Target with cylindrical structure, under polarization circular track SAR observation, each direction forms a dihedral angle with ground, whole
Scattering mechanism shows as the rescattering of isotropic.Bridge under this special structure is widely present in street lamp, high-speed rail is built bridge
The trunk etc. of trees under pier, pattern-band.However but there are no corresponding researchs for the identification and extracting method about this special construction
And theories integration.
Summary of the invention
(1) technical problems to be solved
Present disclose provides it is a kind of based on polarization circular track SAR data the target extraction method with cylindrical structure, with
At least partly solve technical problem set forth above.
(2) technical solution
According to one aspect of the disclosure, provide it is a kind of based on polarization circular track SAR data with cylindrical structure
Target extraction method, including：Step S1：The polarization circular track SAR data for irradiating scene is cut into N number of sub-aperture, and is imaged
To N sub-aperture images, sub-aperture serial number is indicated by subscript i；Step S2：Freeman tri- is carried out to every sub-aperture image to divide
Amount is decomposed, and the rescattering power P of each pixel of every sub-aperture image is obtaineddi, scattering,single power PoiAnd volume scattering
Power Pvi；Step S3：Acquire rescattering power PdiAccount for the ratio f of total scattering powerdi, and with a threshold value th1Compare；If two
Secondary scattered power PdiAccount for the ratio f of total scattering powerdiLess than th1, then by the rescattering power P of the pixeldiIt is set to 0；Step
Rapid S4：The rescattering power of the pixel of N obtained in step S1 sub-aperture image same positions is formed into ordered series of numbers Pdi, i
=1 ... N, and acquire the entropy H of the ordered series of numbersd；Step S5：To each pixel, by the entropy H of the pixeldWith a threshold value th2Compare,
If being higher than th2, then the pixel is judged to having cylindrical structure target.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, step S1 sub-aperture N=36, the sub-aperture size of every width sub-aperture image
It is 10 °；I=1,2,3 ... N.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, four channels of each pixel in step S1 in every width sub-aperture image
Polarization expression way be：
Wherein, h is horizontal polarization, and v is vertical polarization, ShhHorizontal polarization, which is sent out, for horizontal polarization receives channel；ShvFor vertical pole
Change hair horizontal polarization and receives channel；SvhVertical polarization, which is sent out, for horizontal polarization receives channel；SvvIt sends out vertical polarization for vertical polarization and receives and lead to
Road；Under the conditions of singly standing back scattering, there is Shv=Svh。
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the decomposition of Freeman three-component includes in step S2：Calculate target vector and pole
Change covariance matrix；
Calculate target vector, target vectorExpression formula be：
Wherein, subscript T indicates transposition；H is horizontal polarization, and v is vertical polarization, ShhIt sends out horizontal polarization for horizontal polarization and receives and lead to
Road；ShvHorizontal polarization, which is sent out, for vertical polarization receives channel；SvvVertical polarization, which is sent out, for vertical polarization receives channel；In back scattering of singly standing
Under the conditions of, there is Shv=Svh。
Polarization covariance matrix expression formula is：
Wherein, subscript * indicates conjugation；H is horizontal polarization, and v is vertical polarization, ShhIt sends out horizontal polarization for horizontal polarization and receives and lead to
Road；ShvHorizontal polarization, which is sent out, for vertical polarization receives channel；SvhVertical polarization, which is sent out, for horizontal polarization receives channel；SvvFor vertical polarization hair
Vertical polarization receives channel；Under the conditions of singly standing back scattering, there is Shv=Svh；Calculate separately the rescattering function of each pixel
Rate Pdi, scattering,single power PoiWith volume scattering power Pvi；Subscript i indicates sub-aperture serial number, wherein i=1,2,3 ... N；
If C11Or C33Equal to 0, then
If C13Real part be more than or equal to zero and C11And C33It is not equal to 0, then
Wherein real (C13) indicate C13Real part, imag (C13) indicate C13Imaginary part；If C13Real part less than zero and
C11And C33It is not equal to 0, then
Wherein real (C13) indicate C13Real part, imag (C13) indicate C13Imaginary part；Subscript * indicates conjugation.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, by the rescattering power P of each pixel obtained in step S2di, it is single
Secondary scattered power PoiWith volume scattering power Pvi, substitute into step S3 and calculate the ratio f that rescattering power accounts for general powerdi, ratio
fdiCalculation formula it is as follows：
Wherein, PdiFor the rescattering power of each pixel；PoiFor the scattering,single power of each pixel；PviFor
The volume scattering power of each pixel；fdiRescattering power accounts for the ratio of general power.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, step S4 medium entropy HdCalculation formula be：
Wherein, PiIndicate the pseudo- probability of i-th of sub-aperture rescattering power；PdiFor the rescattering function of each pixel
Rate.
Threshold value th in some embodiments of the present disclosure, in step S31=1/3.
Threshold value th in some embodiments of the present disclosure, in step S52=0.7~0.8.
(3) beneficial effect
It can be seen from the above technical proposal that mesh with cylindrical structure of the disclosure based on polarization circular track SAR data
Mark extracting method at least has the advantages that one of them or in which a part：
(1) reasonably polarization information and multi-angle observation information are combined, obtains some angle of target using polarization information
The power of lower rescattering, while using under multiple angles, whether the relationship of rescattering watt level judges target each
Direction all has strong rescattering, to judge whether target has cylindrical structure.
(2) combination and application of polarization information and multi-angle observation information provide a kind of feasible thinking, more to polarize
The comprehensive scattering mechanism of target is identified under angle, judges that target geometry provides effective method.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is target extraction method with cylindrical structure of the embodiment of the present disclosure based on polarization circular track SAR data
Flow diagram
Fig. 2 is the entropy for the rescattering power being calculated using method shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the target with cylindrical structure extracted using method shown in Fig. 1.
Specific embodiment
Present disclose provides a kind of target extraction methods with cylindrical structure based on polarization circular track SAR data.Benefit
It can identify that different scattering mechanism and circular track SAR can obtain the comprehensive spy to information of target with polarization information identification
Point, by polarization information in conjunction with circular track SAR omnibearing observation, realizing has the extraction of the target of cylindrical structure.
For the purposes, technical schemes and advantages of the disclosure are more clearly understood, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, and reference
The disclosure is further described in attached drawing.
Disclosure some embodiments will be done referring to appended attached drawing in rear and more comprehensively describe to property, some of but not complete
The embodiment in portion will be shown.In fact, the various embodiments of the disclosure can be realized in many different forms, and should not be construed
To be limited to this several illustrated embodiment；Relatively, these embodiments are provided so that the disclosure meets applicable legal requirement.
In first exemplary embodiment of the disclosure, provide it is a kind of based on polarization circular track SAR data have circle
The target extraction method of column structure.Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of first embodiment of the present disclosure klystron.As shown in Figure 1, this public affairs
Opening the target extraction method with cylindrical structure based on polarization circular track SAR data includes：
Step S1：The polarization circular track SAR data for irradiating scene is cut into N number of sub-aperture, and is imaged and obtains N sub-apertures
Image, wherein N=36, the sub-aperture size of every width sub-aperture image are 10 °；Here 10 ° be experience value, it is ensured that neither because
Sub-aperture is excessive and makes to include that resolution ratio is not too low due to sub-aperture is too small for anisotropic scattering in aperture.Every width in step S1
Each pixel in sub-aperture image four channels polarization expression way be：
Wherein, h is horizontal polarization, and v is vertical polarization, ShhHorizontal polarization, which is sent out, for horizontal polarization receives channel；ShvFor vertical pole
Change hair horizontal polarization and receives channel；SvhVertical polarization, which is sent out, for horizontal polarization receives channel；SvvIt sends out vertical polarization for vertical polarization and receives and lead to
Road；Under the conditions of singly standing back scattering, there is Shv=Svh。
Step S2：The decomposition of Freeman three-component is carried out to every sub-aperture image.The step includes：
Calculate target vector and polarization covariance matrix, target vectorExpression formula be：
Wherein, subscript T indicates transposition；
Polarization covariance matrix expression formula is：
Wherein subscript * indicates conjugation；
Calculate separately the rescattering power P of each pixeldi, scattering,single power PoiWith volume scattering power Pvi；Subscript
I indicates sub-aperture serial number, wherein i=1,2,3 ... N.
If C11Or C33Equal to 0, then
If C13Real part be more than or equal to zero and C11And C33It is not equal to 0, then
Wherein real (C13) indicate C13Real part, imag (C13) indicate C13Imaginary part；
If C13Real part less than zero and C11And C33It is not equal to 0, then
Wherein real (C13) indicate C13Real part, imag (C13) indicate C13Imaginary part；Subscript * indicates conjugation.
Step S3：According to step S2 to each pixel of every sub-aperture image, rescattering power P is acquireddiIt accounts for total
The ratio f of scattered powerdi, ratio fdiCalculation formula be
Wherein, PdiFor the rescattering power of each pixel；PoiFor the scattering,single power of each pixel；PviFor
The volume scattering power of each pixel；fdiRescattering power accounts for the ratio of general power.Again by ratio fdiWith a threshold value th1Than
Compared with threshold value th1=1/3；If rescattering power PdiAccount for the ratio f of total scattering powerdiLess than th1, then by the two of the pixel
Secondary scattered power PdiIt is set to 0；By the threshold to guarantee that rescattering power at least accounts for the one third of general power.
Step S4：By the rescattering power packages of the pixel of N obtained in step S1 sub-aperture image same positions
At ordered series of numbers Pdi, i=1 ... N, and acquire the entropy H of the ordered series of numbersd, entropy HdCalculation formula be：
Wherein, PiIndicate the pseudo- probability of i-th of sub-aperture rescattering power, PdiFor the rescattering function of each pixel
Rate.
Step S5：To each pixel, by the entropy H of the pixeldWith a threshold value th2Compare, threshold value th2=0.7~0.8,
If being higher than th2, then the pixel is judged to having cylindrical structure target.
So far, attached drawing is had been combined the embodiment of the present disclosure is described in detail.It should be noted that in attached drawing or saying
In bright book text, the implementation for not being painted or describing is form known to a person of ordinary skill in the art in technical field, and
It is not described in detail.In addition, the above-mentioned definition to each element and method be not limited in mentioning in embodiment it is various specific
Structure, shape or mode, those of ordinary skill in the art simply can be changed or be replaced to it.
According to above description, those skilled in the art should have cylinder based on polarization circular track SAR data to the disclosure
The target extraction method of body structure has clear understanding.
In conclusion the disclosure reasonably combines polarization information and multi-angle observation information, obtained using polarization information
The power of rescattering under some angle of target, while using under multiple angles, the relationship of rescattering watt level judges mesh
Whether mark all has strong rescattering in all directions, to judge whether target has cylindrical structure；It polarizes in the disclosure
The combination and application of information and multi-angle observation information provide a kind of feasible thinking, complete for identification target under polarization multi-angle
Orientation scattering mechanism judges that target geometry provides effective method.
Furthermore word "comprising" does not exclude the presence of element or step not listed in the claims.It is located in front of the element
Word "a" or "an" does not exclude the presence of multiple such elements.
The word of ordinal number such as " first ", " second ", " third " etc. used in specification and claim, with modification
Corresponding element, itself is not meant to that the element has any ordinal number, does not also represent the suitable of a certain element and another element
Sequence in sequence or manufacturing method, the use of those ordinal numbers are only used to enable an element and another tool with certain name
Clear differentiation can be made by having the element of identical name.
In addition, unless specifically described or the step of must sequentially occur, there is no restriction in the above institute for the sequence of above-mentioned steps
Column, and can change or rearrange according to required design.And above-described embodiment can be based on the considerations of design and reliability, that
This mix and match is used using or with other embodiments mix and match, i.e., the technical characteristic in different embodiments can be freely combined
Form more embodiments.
Algorithm and display are not inherently related to any particular computer, virtual system, or other device provided herein.
Various general-purpose systems can also be used together with enlightenment based on this.As described above, it constructs required by this kind of system
Structure be obvious.In addition, the disclosure is also not for any particular programming language.It should be understood that can use various
Programming language realizes content of this disclosure described herein, and the description done above to language-specific is to disclose this public affairs
The preferred forms opened.
The disclosure can by means of include several different elements hardware and by means of properly programmed computer come
It realizes.The various component embodiments of the disclosure can be implemented in hardware, or to run on one or more processors
Software module is realized, or is implemented in a combination thereof.It will be understood by those of skill in the art that can be used in practice micro-
Processor or digital signal processor (DSP) are some or all in the relevant device according to the embodiment of the present disclosure to realize
The some or all functions of component.The disclosure be also implemented as a part for executing method as described herein or
Whole device or device programs (for example, computer program and computer program product).Such journey for realizing the disclosure
Sequence can store on a computer-readable medium, or may be in the form of one or more signals.Such signal can
To download from internet website, perhaps it is provided on the carrier signal or is provided in any other form.
Particular embodiments described above has carried out further in detail the purpose of the disclosure, technical scheme and beneficial effects
Describe in detail it is bright, it is all it should be understood that be not limited to the disclosure the foregoing is merely the specific embodiment of the disclosure
Within the spirit and principle of the disclosure, any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement and etc. done should be included in the guarantor of the disclosure
Within the scope of shield.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of target extraction method with cylindrical structure based on polarization circular track SAR data, including：
Step S1：The polarization circular track SAR data for irradiating scene is cut into N number of sub-aperture, and is imaged and obtains N sub-aperture figures
Picture, sub-aperture serial number are indicated by subscript i；
Step S2：The decomposition of Freeman three-component is carried out to every sub-aperture image, obtains each pixel of every sub-aperture image
The rescattering power P of pointdi, scattering,single power PoiWith volume scattering power Pvi；
Step S3：Acquire rescattering power PdiAccount for the ratio f of total scattering powerdi, and with a threshold value th1Compare；If secondary dissipate
Penetrate power PdiAccount for the ratio f of total scattering powerdiLess than th1, then by the rescattering power P of the pixeldiIt is set to 0；
Step S4：The rescattering power of the pixel of N obtained in step S1 sub-aperture image same positions is formed into number
Arrange Pdi, i=1 ... N, and acquire the entropy H of the ordered series of numbersd；
Step S5：To each pixel, by the entropy H of the pixeldWith a threshold value th2Compare, if being higher than th2, then the pixel is sentenced
It is set to the target with cylindrical structure.
2. target extraction method according to claim 1, step S1 sub-aperture N=36, the son of every width sub-aperture image
Pore size is 10 °；I=1,2,3 ... N.
3. target extraction method according to claim 1, each pixel in step S1 in every width sub-aperture image
Four channels polarization expression ways are：
Wherein, h is horizontal polarization, and v is vertical polarization, ShhHorizontal polarization, which is sent out, for horizontal polarization receives channel；ShvFor vertical polarization hair
Horizontal polarization receives channel；SvhVertical polarization, which is sent out, for horizontal polarization receives channel；SvvVertical polarization, which is sent out, for vertical polarization receives channel；?
Under the conditions of single station back scattering, there is Shv=Svh。
4. target extraction method according to claim 1, the decomposition of Freeman three-component includes in step S2：Calculate target
Vector sum polarization covariance matrix；
Calculate target vector, target vectorExpression formula be：
Wherein, subscript T indicates transposition；H is horizontal polarization, and v is vertical polarization, ShhHorizontal polarization, which is sent out, for horizontal polarization receives channel；
ShvHorizontal polarization, which is sent out, for vertical polarization receives channel；SvvVertical polarization, which is sent out, for vertical polarization receives channel；In back scattering condition of singly standing
Under, there is Shv=Svh；
Polarization covariance matrix expression formula is：
Wherein, subscript * indicates conjugation；H is horizontal polarization, and v is vertical polarization, ShhHorizontal polarization, which is sent out, for horizontal polarization receives channel；
ShvHorizontal polarization, which is sent out, for vertical polarization receives channel；SvhVertical polarization, which is sent out, for horizontal polarization receives channel；SvvIt is vertical for vertical polarization hair
Channel is received in polarization；Under the conditions of singly standing back scattering, there is Shv=Svh；
Calculate separately the rescattering power P of each pixeldi, scattering,single power PoiWith volume scattering power Pvi；Subscript i table
Show sub-aperture serial number, wherein i=1,2,3 ... N；
If C11Or C33Equal to 0, then
If C13Real part be more than or equal to zero and C11And C33It is not equal to 0, then
Wherein real (C13) indicate C13Real part, imag (C13) indicate C13Imaginary part；
If C13Real part less than zero and C11And C33It is not equal to 0, then
Wherein real (C13) indicate C13Real part, imag (C13) indicate C13Imaginary part；Subscript * indicates conjugation.
5. target extraction method according to claim 1, by the rescattering function of each pixel obtained in step S2
Rate Pdi, scattering,single power PoiWith volume scattering power Pvi, substitute into step S3 and calculate the ratio that rescattering power accounts for general power
fdi, ratio fdiCalculation formula it is as follows：
Wherein, PdiFor the rescattering power of each pixel；PoiFor the scattering,single power of each pixel；PviIt is each
The volume scattering power of pixel；fdiRescattering power accounts for the ratio of general power.
6. target extraction method according to claim 1, step S4 medium entropy HdCalculation formula be：
Wherein, PiIndicate the pseudo- probability of i-th of sub-aperture rescattering power；PdiFor the rescattering power of each pixel.
Threshold value th 7. target extraction method according to claim 1, in step S31=1/3.
Threshold value th 8. target extraction method according to claim 1, in step S52=0.7~0.8.
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