CN108872940A - The satellite-borne SAR initial data BAQ compression method of dynamically configurable compression ratio - Google Patents
The satellite-borne SAR initial data BAQ compression method of dynamically configurable compression ratio Download PDFInfo
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- CN108872940A CN108872940A CN201710335680.6A CN201710335680A CN108872940A CN 108872940 A CN108872940 A CN 108872940A CN 201710335680 A CN201710335680 A CN 201710335680A CN 108872940 A CN108872940 A CN 108872940A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/89—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
- G01S13/90—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging using synthetic aperture techniques, e.g. synthetic aperture radar [SAR] techniques
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/89—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
- G01S13/90—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging using synthetic aperture techniques, e.g. synthetic aperture radar [SAR] techniques
- G01S13/904—SAR modes
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- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
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- Compression, Expansion, Code Conversion, And Decoders (AREA)
- Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of satellite-borne SAR initial data BAQ compression methods of dynamically configurable compression ratio.Specially：For I, Q two-way SAR initial data after ADC sampling, it is cached in the sampled data deposit FPGA block RAM of every 32 pulse repetition periods, block data sequence is taken out from RAM, and each data are sent into accumulator after taking absolute value and add up, and seeks the mean value of 1024 sampled data absolute values；The mean value of block data absolute value and data absolute value collectively forms address, with address search quantization encoding table, output quantization coding result；Formulation is quantified as 4,3,2 quantization encoding tables respectively, function is reconfigured using the part of FPGA, it generates corresponding part under different mode and reconfigures bit stream file, and it is stored in Flash, when needing to switch compact model, FPGA inner control circuit reads corresponding bit stream file to reconfigurable region from Flash.Present invention saves the hardware spendings of FPGA, moreover it is possible to which real-time quick switch data compression ratio meets the needs of under satellite-borne SAR different working modes.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to digital signal processing technique field, the satellite-borne SAR of especially a kind of dynamically configurable compression ratio is former
Beginning data BAQ compression method.
Background technique
SAR (synthetic aperture radar) is used as a kind of active sensor, can round-the-clock, round-the-clock earth observation, can be with
Information under earth's surface is obtained through earth's surface and vegetation.Make it agricultural, forestry, geology, environment, the hydrology, ocean, disaster, mapping with
The application of military field has original advantage.Satellite-borne SAR earth observation information passes down can be in two kinds of situation：One is first logarithms
According to real time imagery, then will be passed under image；Have again exactly by the received data of SAR it is direct under reach grounded receiving station, it is then right
Data carry out imaging.The former need to be equipped with the equipment such as signal processor on star, this will increase system load, and by hard on star
Part limitation makes satellite-borne SAR difficulty realize high-precision real time imagery；The latter need to only load radar radio frequency unit and simple on star
Signal processing unit, and the complexity of ground SAR signal processor is unrestricted, can be realized by exact algorithm high-precision at
Picture.
In Spaceborne SAR System, the high data transmission bottle neck of satellite to ground is that development satellite-borne synthetic aperture radar institute is necessary
The critical issue solved.Block Adaptive Quantization (BAQ) algorithm is because it is between compression performance and hardware realization complexity
Good compromise becomes the first and obtains practical SAR compressing original data algorithm.By BAQ algorithm to satellite-borne SAR initial data
It is compressed, reduces radar data rate and data volume, to reduce the requirement to Data transfer system.As SAR technology is to high-resolution
Rate, multipolarization, multiband, the wide direction for observing band are developed, and original data rate is continuously improved, and wants to satellite data transmission ability
It is also higher and higher for asking, but existing data compression measure has that hardware spending is big, real-time is poor, is unable to satisfy star
Carry the requirement of SAR system compressing original data.
Summary of the invention
The dynamically configurable compression ratio that the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of hardware spendings is small, real-time is good it is spaceborne
SAR initial data BAQ compression method.
The technical solution for realizing the aim of the invention is as follows：A kind of satellite-borne SAR initial data of dynamically configurable compression ratio
BAQ compression method, it is specific as follows：
(1) I, Q two-way satellite-borne SAR initial data after sampling for n ADC, n is positive integer, and every 32 pulses repeat
It is cached in sampled data deposit mono- block RAM of FPGA in period, two block RAMs form ping-pong structure, are read by two RAM and that writes cuts
It changes, to realize the pipeline of data；
(2) every small block data is 32*32, and 1024 n-bit datas are sequentially read, and the position the n-1 data after taking absolute value
It is sent into accumulator and adds up, seek the mean value of 1024 sampled data absolute values, intercept high n of accumulation result；Block data
The mean value of absolute value and data absolute value is spliced into 2n-1 data, constitutes quantization encoding table address, and output quantization coding knot
Fruit；
(3) n-bit data is formulated respectively and be quantified as 4,3,2 quantization encoding tables, reconfigured using the part of FPGA
Function states part reconfiguration module, only input and output in the Black-box modules in top document in the form of Black-box modules
The statement of pin generates the ngc file of static cost control module, divides reconfigurable ACS module region, adds the three of different compression ratios
Then the ngc file of a module generates corresponding bit stream file, different bit stream files are cured to Flash chip difference
Region；
(4) when receiving pattern switching instruction, bit stream file in Flash chip is downloaded, bit stream file, which passes through, to be configured
Interface is added to the reconfigurable region FPGA, to realize that BAQ compression method can dynamic recognition compression ratio.
Further, step (1) described n takes 8,10,12,14,16.
Further, step (3) FPGA uses 7 Series FPGAs.
Further, step (4) the configuration interface is ICAP interface.
Compared with prior art, the present invention its remarkable advantage is：(1) pass through a lookup table mode output quantization coding, section
The hardware spending of FPGA is saved；(2) can switch data compression ratio real-time, quickly, meet under satellite-borne SAR different working modes
Demand；(3) have the advantages that data transfer rate is low, real-time is good, to meet the requirement of Spaceborne SAR System compressing original data.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is compressing original data coded treatment flow diagram of I, Q two-way after 8-bit ADC sampling.
Fig. 2 is FPGA dynamic recognition schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is satellite-borne SAR data difference compression ratio imaging effect comparison diagram, wherein (a) is uncompressed data imaging effect
Figure (b) is 8:4 compression ratio imaging effect figures (c) are 8:3 compression ratio imaging effect figures (d) are 8:2 compression ratio imaging effects
Figure.
Specific embodiment
It is realized not the present invention is directed to reduce the data transfer rate of satellite-borne SAR data, while using the function of FPGA portion reconstruct
With the switching at runtime of compression ratio, the resource consumption that different function is realized in FPGA timesharing is saved.Data buffer storage mould is acquired including A/D
Block, block adaptive data compressing module, reconfigure function in combination with FPGA portion, can move in data compression function module
State switches compact model.Circuit energy efficient implementation satellite-borne SAR compressing original data, dynamic configuration compression ratio meet SAR to difference
The flexible choice of operating mode.The satellite-borne SAR initial data BAQ compression method of the dynamically configurable compression ratio of the present invention, specifically such as
Under：
(1) I, Q two-way satellite-borne SAR initial data after sampling for n ADC, n is positive integer, and every 32 pulses repeat
It is cached in sampled data deposit mono- block RAM of FPGA in period, two block RAMs form ping-pong structure, are read by two RAM and that writes cuts
It changes, to realize the pipeline of data；
(2) every small block data is 32*32, and 1024 n-bit datas are sequentially read, and the position the n-1 data after taking absolute value
It is sent into accumulator and adds up, seek the mean value of 1024 sampled data absolute values, intercept high n of accumulation result；Block data
The mean value of absolute value and data absolute value is spliced into 2n-1 data, constitutes quantization encoding table address, and output quantization coding knot
Fruit；
(3) n-bit data is formulated respectively and be quantified as 4,3,2 quantization encoding tables, reconfigured using the part of FPGA
Function states part reconfiguration module, only input and output in the Black-box modules in top document in the form of Black-box modules
The statement of pin generates the ngc file of static cost control module, divides reconfigurable ACS module region, adds the three of different compression ratios
Then the ngc file of a module generates corresponding bit stream file, different bit stream files are cured to Flash chip difference
Region；
(4) when receiving pattern switching instruction, bit stream file in Flash chip is downloaded, bit stream file, which passes through, to be configured
Interface is added to the reconfigurable region FPGA, to realize that BAQ compression method can dynamic recognition compression ratio.
Further, step (1) described n takes 8,10,12,14,16.
Further, step (3) FPGA uses 7 Series FPGAs.
Further, step (4) the configuration interface is ICAP interface.
Embodiment 1
BAQ realization principle is：Piecemeal asks the standard deviation of every block number evidence to data normalization, Lloyd-Max quantizer
(being directed to standard gaussian distributed data quantization encoding).Lloyd-Max quantizer is based on minimum mean square error criterion, calculates best
Decision level and optimal quantization level, the value fallen in a threshold areas will all be quantified as the same level value.BAQ decompression
Process：Standard deviation, that is, σ value of quantization encoding and corresponding every block number evidence passes under being packaged, and is transferred to after ground and recycles σ value and right
The thresholding answered is decoded, and can restore original data.
I, Q two paths of data of SAR echo obey zero-mean gaussian distribution, and standard deviation can be used and carry out characterize data distribution.
When BAQ hardware algorithm is realized, the method generallyd use is statistics block data amplitude equalizing value, the amplitude equalizing value that then will be obtained
It sees table and obtains the standard deviation of data block, mapping relations are as follows：
For《Synthetic aperture radar image-forming --- algorithm and realization》The RADARSAT-1 provided in CD in books is to temperature
The measured data of brother China area observation.The echo data for having chosen 1536*2048 size in CD, which is used as, proves data.Embodiment party
Case is that host computer sends data to KC705 evaluation board Ethernet chip, and Ethernet chip packs the data to frame, is then forwarded to
FPGA, FPGA receive data and carry out BAQ compression, table tennis in the sampled data deposit FPGA block RAM of every 32 pulse repetition periods
Pang structure caching, 32*32 block data sequence are taken out from RAM, and each data are sent into accumulator after taking absolute value and add up, and 8
Position sampled data is that 7 data intercept the most-significant byte of accumulation result after 1024 absolute value datas are cumulative after taking absolute value, as
The most-significant byte of quantization encoding table address, low 7 as quantization encoding table address of 7 data after taking absolute value.Quantization encoding table
It is the ROM of a twoport, I, Q two-way may be implemented while tabling look-up, the address of quantization encoding table is 15, the address ROM is provided, under
The corresponding compressed encoding value of a clock, that is, exportable.BAQ compressed encoding process flow is as shown in Figure 1.
The ROM of storage quantization coding schedule, address is 15, when compression ratio is 8:When 4, ROM width is 3, and compression ratio is
8:When 3, ROM width is 2, compression ratio 8:When 2, ROM width is 1.Utilize the part weight of 7 Series FPGA of Xilinx company
Configuration feature realizes the dynamic select of satellite-borne SAR data compression ratio.The realization that part reconfigures：With black box in top document
Form state part reconfiguration module, the only statement of input and output pin, is not designed into specific logic in Black-box modules
Function.In Planahead14.7, the ngc file of control module, compression ratio 8 are independently generated:4, compression ratio 8:3, compression ratio 8:
The ngc file of 2 three kinds of modules divides reconfigurable ACS module region, generates static module, three kinds of compact model reconfigurable modules
Bit file is cured in the Flash (PC28F00AP30TF) of Micron company in KC705 evaluation board by bit stream file, is led to
Button is crossed on plate to trigger, can dynamic select different mode compression ratio bit stream file, dynamic recognition moved by ICAP interface
State configures FPGA.Dynamic recognition schematic diagram is as shown in Figure 2.
Compressed data is sent to Ethernet chip by FPGA in real time, and compressed data packing framing is sent to by Ethernet chip
Host computer does decompression in using matlab after the compressed data rearrangement that host computer receives, then will decompression
Data do imaging.Different compression ratio imaging effect comparison diagrams are as shown in figure 3, wherein Fig. 3 (a) is uncompressed data imaging effect
Fruit figure, Fig. 3 (b) are 8:4 compression ratio imaging effect figures, Fig. 3 (c) are 8:3 compression ratio imaging effect figures, Fig. 3 (d) are 8:2 compressions
Compare imaging effect figure.
To sum up, the present invention saves the hardware spending of FPGA, moreover it is possible in real time by a lookup table mode output quantization coding
It is switched fast data compression ratio, meets the needs of under satellite-borne SAR different working modes.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of satellite-borne SAR initial data BAQ compression method of dynamically configurable compression ratio, which is characterized in that specific as follows：
(1) I, Q two-way satellite-borne SAR initial data after sampling for n ADC, n is positive integer, every 32 pulse repetition periods
Sampled data deposit mono- block RAM of FPGA in cache, two block RAMs form ping-pong structure, the switching read and write by two RAM,
To realize the pipeline of data；
(2) every small block data is 32*32, and 1024 n-bit datas are sequentially read, and the n-1 position data after taking absolute value are sent into
It adds up in accumulator, seeks the mean value of 1024 sampled data absolute values, intercept high n of accumulation result；Block data is absolute
Value and the mean value of data absolute value are spliced into 2n-1 data, constitute quantization encoding table address, and output quantization coding result；
(3) n-bit data is formulated respectively and is quantified as 4,3,2 quantization encoding tables, reconfigure function using the part of FPGA,
Part reconfiguration module is stated in the form of Black-box modules in top document, there was only input and output pin in the Black-box modules
Statement generates the ngc file of static cost control module, divides reconfigurable ACS module region, adds three modules of different compression ratios
Ngc file, then generate corresponding bit stream file, different bit stream files be cured to Flash chip different zones；
(4) when receiving pattern switching instruction, bit stream file in Flash chip is downloaded, bit stream file is by configuring interface
It is added to the reconfigurable region FPGA, to realize that BAQ compression method can dynamic recognition compression ratio.
2. the satellite-borne SAR initial data BAQ compression method of dynamically configurable compression ratio according to claim 1, feature
It is, step (1) described n takes 8,10,12,14,16.
3. the satellite-borne SAR initial data BAQ compression method of dynamically configurable compression ratio according to claim 1, feature
It is, step (3) FPGA uses 7 Series FPGAs.
4. the satellite-borne SAR initial data BAQ compression method of dynamically configurable compression ratio according to claim 1, feature
It is, step (4) the configuration interface is ICAP interface.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113505096A (en) * | 2021-08-05 | 2021-10-15 | 北京极光星通科技有限公司 | Satellite-borne laser communication terminal and power consumption control method thereof |
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| CN101165510A (en) * | 2006-10-18 | 2008-04-23 | 中国科学院电子学研究所 | Spaceborne synthetic aperture radar variable digit BAQ compression system and method |
| CN101788931A (en) * | 2010-01-29 | 2010-07-28 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Dynamic local reconfigurable system for real-time fault tolerance of hardware |
| CN102298137A (en) * | 2010-06-25 | 2011-12-28 | 中国科学院电子学研究所 | Method for compressing adaptive data-rate original data of satellite-borne SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar) |
| CN105807263A (en) * | 2016-03-28 | 2016-07-27 | 北京航空航天大学 | Structure implementing FPGA partial reconfiguration in radar signal processing and implementation method of structure |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101165510A (en) * | 2006-10-18 | 2008-04-23 | 中国科学院电子学研究所 | Spaceborne synthetic aperture radar variable digit BAQ compression system and method |
| CN101788931A (en) * | 2010-01-29 | 2010-07-28 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Dynamic local reconfigurable system for real-time fault tolerance of hardware |
| CN102298137A (en) * | 2010-06-25 | 2011-12-28 | 中国科学院电子学研究所 | Method for compressing adaptive data-rate original data of satellite-borne SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar) |
| CN105807263A (en) * | 2016-03-28 | 2016-07-27 | 北京航空航天大学 | Structure implementing FPGA partial reconfiguration in radar signal processing and implementation method of structure |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113505096A (en) * | 2021-08-05 | 2021-10-15 | 北京极光星通科技有限公司 | Satellite-borne laser communication terminal and power consumption control method thereof |
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