CN108872361A - A kind of device of stable acquisition magnetic leakage signal - Google Patents
A kind of device of stable acquisition magnetic leakage signal Download PDFInfo
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- CN108872361A CN108872361A CN201810421058.1A CN201810421058A CN108872361A CN 108872361 A CN108872361 A CN 108872361A CN 201810421058 A CN201810421058 A CN 201810421058A CN 108872361 A CN108872361 A CN 108872361A
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- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 235000004443 Ricinus communis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910000976 Electrical steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000012913 prioritisation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 208000037656 Respiratory Sounds Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003302 ferromagnetic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001902 propagating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/72—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables
- G01N27/82—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws
- G01N27/83—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws by investigating stray magnetic fields
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61K—AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR RAILWAYS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B61K9/00—Railway vehicle profile gauges; Detecting or indicating overheating of components; Apparatus on locomotives or cars to indicate bad track sections; General design of track recording vehicles
- B61K9/08—Measuring installations for surveying permanent way
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61K—AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR RAILWAYS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B61K9/00—Railway vehicle profile gauges; Detecting or indicating overheating of components; Apparatus on locomotives or cars to indicate bad track sections; General design of track recording vehicles
- B61K9/08—Measuring installations for surveying permanent way
- B61K9/10—Measuring installations for surveying permanent way for detecting cracks in rails or welds thereof
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Magnetic Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of devices of stable acquisition steel rail defect magnetic leakage signal, include inspection car, connector, bracket, probe and several springs；Bracket is fixed under inspection car by connector；Probe includes shell, magnetic yoke, excitation coil, sensor array, the first castor and the second castor；The upper surface of shell is connected by several springs with the lower end surface of bracket, and several springs are in compressive state；First castor, the second castor are all made of wide wheel；Magnetic yoke, excitation coil, sensor array are arranged in shell, and magnetic yoke is in inverted U-shaped, and excitation coil is wound on it；Sensor array setting is parallel with rail in magnetic yoke, for collecting magnetic leakage signal.This method selects spring to carry out earthquake isolation to probe, so that probe can be stablized in inspection car traveling process collects magnetic leakage signal.
Description
Technical field
It excludes the interference signal the present invention relates to measuring technique and instrument field more particularly to one kind and stablizes acquisition rail and lack
Fall into the device of magnetic leakage signal.
Background technique
The high speed of passenger train and the raising of rate of traffic flow, so that rail generates rolling contact fatigue（RCF）, this
It is the main damage of rail in high speed railway.Ratcheting in rail generates cumulative plastic strain, when accumulating plastic deformation reaches
The maximum toughness value of rail will lead to the generation of the hurts such as crackle, removing, chip off-falling, fish scale wound.Therefore, rolling contact fatigue meeting
Promoting rail development is that the hurts such as rail head crackle, removing chip off-falling may be led when serious after these hurts develop to certain time limit
Cause railway track transverse breakage.Therefore, it is necessary to detect to steel rail defect, it is avoided to lead to rail fracture because of defect.
In order to detect steel rail defect, the method generallyd use includes：1, a kind of rail internal flaw ultrasonic testing system is
It major defect and is accurately positioned inside detection rail, ultrasonic signal is converted electrical signals to by ultrasonic probe, sound wave is being situated between
Phenomena such as being reflected when encountering that medium is discontinuous when propagating in matter or biggish two medium interface of acoustic impedance difference, probe
Judge that the presence or absence of defect, detection efficiency and precision are higher by receiving this echo.
2, a kind of Rail Surface testing of small cracks technology --- the steel rail defect high speed cruising inspection method based on magnetic flux leakage theory,
Using Magnetic Flux Leakage Inspecting technology, principle is first to magnetize tested ferromagnetic material, due to material haves the defects that cutting magnetic line
Magnetic flux leakage is formed on the surface of the material, can find defect by detecting the variation of ferrimagnet surface magnetic flux leakage.
As it can be seen that in the prior art, defect technology or rail level testing of small cracks technology either in rail, in order to guarantee
Reach high-precision detection and defect location, defect-detecting equipment needs to keep the higher depth of parallelism, ability with rail in the detection process
Keep the collected signal of institute more true and reliable.And in high speed detection, probe is directly installed in the bottom of train or inspection car, by
In the effect of jitter of train or inspection car, many noise jammings can be mingled in final collected signal, and with existing technology
It is difficult to eliminate this interference.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to for involved defect in background technique, provide a kind of stabilization to adopt
Collect the device of magnetic leakage signal.
The present invention uses following technical scheme to solve above-mentioned technical problem：
A kind of device of stable acquisition steel rail defect magnetic leakage signal, includes inspection car, connector, bracket, probe and several springs；
The bracket is plate-like, is fixed under the inspection car by the connector so that the lower end surface of the bracket and to
The rail of detection is parallel；
The probe includes shell, magnetic yoke, excitation coil, sensor array, the first castor and the second castor；
The upper surface of the shell is connected by several springs with the lower end surface of the bracket, and several springs are in pressure
Contracting state；
First castor, the second castor are all made of wide wheel, are separately positioned on the lower end surface of the shell, enable the shell
It is enough to be rolled on rail to be detected；
The magnetic yoke, excitation coil, sensor array are arranged in the shell, wherein and the magnetic yoke is in inverted U-shaped,
On it, the excitation coil is connected with external power supply for the excitation coil winding, and the magnetic yoke is used to be powered in excitation coil
When towards rail to be detected issue magnetic signal；The sensor array setting is parallel with the rail in the magnetic yoke, is used for
Collect magnetic leakage signal.
As the present invention it is a kind of it is stable acquisition steel rail defect magnetic leakage signal the further prioritization scheme of device, described first
Castor, the second castor are all made of the wide wheel of high temperature resistant made of polyurethane.
As a kind of further prioritization scheme of device of stable acquisition steel rail defect magnetic leakage signal of the present invention, according to following
The default load-bearing of formula calculating spring：
The default load-bearing of spring=equipment operation weight M 130%/spring of * quantity N；
Wherein, the equipment operation weight M is that the weight of inspection car adds the weight of the probe；
The default load-bearing of the spring is within the scope of the load-carrying of the spring.
As a kind of further prioritization scheme of device of stable acquisition steel rail defect magnetic leakage signal of the present invention, the spring
Using steel wire compressed spring.
As a kind of further prioritization scheme of device of stable acquisition steel rail defect magnetic leakage signal of the present invention, the steel wire
The circle number of compressed spring is more than or equal to 5 circles.
As a kind of further prioritization scheme of device of stable acquisition steel rail defect magnetic leakage signal of the present invention, the magnetic yoke
It is made of silicon steel sheet.
The invention adopts the above technical scheme compared with prior art, has the following technical effects：
The present invention carries out damping processing to rail detection probe using spring equipment, and stability is good, and work noise is low, service life
It is long, it can be realized to sensor signal method and the adjusting of signal criterion line, guarantee that detection system can exclude the interference signal, and essence
The metastable very small magnetic leakage signal of acquisition.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is structural schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram that magnetic yoke in the present invention, excitation coil, sensor array match.
In figure, 1- inspection car, 2- connector, 3- bracket, 4- spring, 5- shell, 6- sensor array, 7- high temperature resistant is wide
Wheel, 8- magnetic yoke, 9- excitation coil.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawing：
The present invention can be embodied in many different forms, and should not be assumed that be limited to the embodiments described herein.On the contrary, providing
These embodiments are thoroughly and complete to make the disclosure, and will give full expression to the scope of the present invention to those skilled in the art.
In the accompanying drawings, for the sake of clarity it is exaggerated component.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the invention discloses a kind of devices of stable acquisition steel rail defect magnetic leakage signal, comprising visiting
Hurt vehicle, connector, bracket, probe and several springs；
The bracket is plate-like, is fixed under the inspection car by the connector so that the lower end surface of the bracket and to
The rail of detection is parallel；
The probe includes shell, magnetic yoke, excitation coil, sensor array, the first castor and the second castor；
The upper surface of the shell is connected by several springs with the lower end surface of the bracket, and several springs are in pressure
Contracting state；
First castor, the second castor are all made of wide wheel, are separately positioned on the lower end surface of the shell, enable the shell
It is enough to be rolled on rail to be detected；
The magnetic yoke, excitation coil, sensor array are arranged in the shell, wherein and the magnetic yoke is in inverted U-shaped,
On it, the excitation coil is connected with external power supply for the excitation coil winding, and the magnetic yoke is used to be powered in excitation coil
When towards rail to be detected issue magnetic signal；The sensor array setting is parallel with the rail in the magnetic yoke, is used for
Collect magnetic leakage signal.
The spring uses steel wire compressed spring.Steel wire compressed spring is subject to the helical spring of axial compressive force, and shape is
Cylinder, material therefor section are circle, and spring is generally equal pitch.There is certain gap between the circle and circle of compressed spring,
Spring contraction deforms when by external applied load, storage deformation energy.
Spring specification requirement：1, the radius of spring is greater than 0.4 times of height under its nominal load；2, spring will have centainly
Additional travel, be at least equal to 50 the percent of specified natural bow；3, spring coil number is no less than five circles.
The default load-bearing of spring is calculated according to the following formula：
The default load-bearing of spring=equipment operation weight M 130%/spring of * quantity N；
Wherein, the equipment operation weight M is that the weight of inspection car adds the weight of the probe；The default load-bearing of spring is in institute
Within the scope of the load-carrying for stating spring, hereby it is possible to come the design that carries out number of springs.
When magnetic yoke is around upper excitation coil, when accessing continuous current excitation power supply, magnetic yoke generates very strong magnetizing field, to tested rail
Magnetized.The relative permeability and conductivity of silicon steel sheet are all bigger, are suitble to that magnetic yoke is made.
First, second castor makes probe be tightly pressed at Rail Surface, even if inspection car has shake, by spring, this subtracts
Device is shaken, to eliminate influence of this shake to signal acquisition.
The selection of castor type：1, since castor rotation speed is fast, between castor and rail and castor and bearing due to
There are many heat generated that rubs, it is therefore desirable to select a kind of high-molecular organic material --- and high temperature resistant made of polyurethane is wide
Wheel.2, since the castor is mounted between probe and rail, then the pressure for needing to bear is mainly the restoring force of spring, and is somebody's turn to do
The stress for locating spring is smaller, but bracket itself is heavier, need to select heavy high temperature-resistant castor.
The present invention carries out damping processing to rail detection probe using spring equipment, and stability is good, and work noise is low, uses
Service life is long, can be realized to sensor signal method and the adjusting of signal criterion line, guarantees that detection system can exclude the interference signal,
And the metastable very small magnetic leakage signal of acquisition of essence.
Those skilled in the art can understand that unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein（Including skill
Art term and scientific term）With meaning identical with the general understanding of those of ordinary skill in fields of the present invention.Also
It should be understood that those terms such as defined in the general dictionary should be understood that have in the context of the prior art
The consistent meaning of meaning will not be explained in an idealized or overly formal meaning and unless defined as here.
Above-described specific embodiment has carried out further the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effects
It is described in detail, it should be understood that being not limited to this hair the foregoing is merely a specific embodiment of the invention
Bright, all within the spirits and principles of the present invention, any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement and etc. done should be included in the present invention
Protection scope within.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of device of stable acquisition steel rail defect magnetic leakage signal, which is characterized in that include inspection car, connector, bracket, spy
Head and several springs；
The bracket is plate-like, is fixed under the inspection car by the connector so that the lower end surface of the bracket and to
The rail of detection is parallel；
The probe includes shell, magnetic yoke, excitation coil, sensor array, the first castor and the second castor；
The upper surface of the shell is connected by several springs with the lower end surface of the bracket, and several springs are in pressure
Contracting state；
First castor, the second castor are all made of wide wheel, are separately positioned on the lower end surface of the shell, enable the shell
It is enough to be rolled on rail to be detected；
The magnetic yoke, excitation coil, sensor array are arranged in the shell, wherein and the magnetic yoke is in inverted U-shaped,
On it, the excitation coil is connected with external power supply for the excitation coil winding, and the magnetic yoke is used to be powered in excitation coil
When towards rail to be detected issue magnetic signal；The sensor array setting is parallel with the rail in the magnetic yoke, is used for
Collect magnetic leakage signal.
2. the device of stable acquisition steel rail defect magnetic leakage signal according to claim 1, which is characterized in that first foot
Wheel, the second castor are all made of the wide wheel of high temperature resistant made of polyurethane.
3. the device of stable acquisition steel rail defect magnetic leakage signal according to claim 1, which is characterized in that according to following public affairs
The default load-bearing of formula calculating spring：
The default load-bearing of spring=equipment operation weight M 130%/spring of * quantity N；
Wherein, the equipment operation weight M is that the weight of inspection car adds the weight of the probe；
The default load-bearing of the spring is within the scope of the load-carrying of the spring.
4. the device of stable acquisition steel rail defect magnetic leakage signal according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the spring is adopted
With steel wire compressed spring.
5. the device of stable acquisition steel rail defect magnetic leakage signal according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the steel wire pressure
The circle number of contracting spring is more than or equal to 5 circles.
6. the device of stable acquisition steel rail defect magnetic leakage signal according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the magnetic yoke is adopted
It is made of silicon steel sheet.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810421058.1A CN108872361A (en) | 2018-05-04 | 2018-05-04 | A kind of device of stable acquisition magnetic leakage signal |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810421058.1A CN108872361A (en) | 2018-05-04 | 2018-05-04 | A kind of device of stable acquisition magnetic leakage signal |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN108872361A true CN108872361A (en) | 2018-11-23 |
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| CN201810421058.1A Pending CN108872361A (en) | 2018-05-04 | 2018-05-04 | A kind of device of stable acquisition magnetic leakage signal |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109975389A (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2019-07-05 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | A kind of rail leakage magnetic detection device and method |
| CN111766292A (en) * | 2019-04-02 | 2020-10-13 | 四川大学 | Steel rail magnetic flux leakage detection device based on zero lift-off rolling magnetization |
| CN113264082A (en) * | 2021-04-08 | 2021-08-17 | 南京航空航天大学 | High-speed rail defect detection device and detection method thereof |
| CN114166933A (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2022-03-11 | 电子科技大学 | Probe clamping device for inhibiting vibration response |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111766292A (en) * | 2019-04-02 | 2020-10-13 | 四川大学 | Steel rail magnetic flux leakage detection device based on zero lift-off rolling magnetization |
| CN109975389A (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2019-07-05 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | A kind of rail leakage magnetic detection device and method |
| CN113264082A (en) * | 2021-04-08 | 2021-08-17 | 南京航空航天大学 | High-speed rail defect detection device and detection method thereof |
| CN113264082B (en) * | 2021-04-08 | 2022-06-24 | 南京航空航天大学 | High-speed track array ACFM detection probe and detection method thereof |
| CN114166933A (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2022-03-11 | 电子科技大学 | Probe clamping device for inhibiting vibration response |
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