CN108872317A - A method of measurement plant leaf blade cell dielectric substance shifts number - Google Patents
A method of measurement plant leaf blade cell dielectric substance shifts number Download PDFInfo
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- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods of measurement plant leaf blade cell dielectric substance transfer number, belong to biophysical information detection technique field, pole plate is connect by conducting wire with LCR tester when measurement device uses, two electrode plates clamp plant leaf blade to be measured, paralleling model measures plant leaf blade physiology resistance, physiology impedance and physiology capacitor under different chucking powers simultaneously, further calculates the capacitive reactance of plant leaf blade physiology and physiology induction reactance；According to Nernst equation, the physiology resistance for constructing plant leaf blade changes with chucking power variation, the physiology capacitive reactance of plant leaf blade with chucking power and the physiology induction reactance of plant leaf blade is with chucking power variation model, shifts percentage using the parameters combined calculation different type dielectric material of above three model.The present invention not only can shift percentages by the different various types of dielectric materials of plant leaf blade under quick, online quantitative detection varying environment, and can with plant leaf blade moisture different under biophysics index characterization varying environment and substance in systems exchange feature.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to biophysical information detection technique fields, and in particular to a kind of measurement plant leaf blade cell dielectric object
The method that matter shifts number, can quickly, detection plant leaf blade moisture and substance in systems exchange feature, be that plant leaf blade is thin
The elaboration of the matter transportation characteristic of after birth provides data supporting.
Background technique
Cell membrane mainly (accounts for about cell membrane by lipid (predominantly phosphatide) (account for about cell membrane total amount 50%), protein
The 40% of total amount) and the material compositions such as carbohydrate (2%-10% for accounting for about cell membrane total amount)；Wherein based on protein and lipid.
Phospholipid bilayer is the basic bracket for constituting cell membrane.It can be divided into three layers under Electronic Speculum, i.e., respectively have inside and outside the leaning on of film
The electron-dense zone (hydrophilic segment) of one thickness about 2.5nm is sandwiched between the oolemma (hydrophobic part) of a thickness 2.5nm.
As shown in Figure 1, the resistance that the electric current for passing through it is presented in cell membrane is known as film resistance.Since cell membrane is mainly
Be made of protein and lipid, therefore resistivity is larger, thus cell membrane become provide the major part of biological tissue's resistance.
Phospholipid bilayer is the basic bracket for constituting cell membrane.It is hydrophilic segment inside and outside the leaning on of film, centre is thin
Water section.Memebrane protein is mainly combined with membrane lipid in two forms：It is divided to integrated protein and two kinds of extrinsic or peripheral protein.Integrated protein
With hydrophobic part directly with the hydrophobic part covalent bond of phosphatide, both ends are with polarized, inside and outside film；Extrinsic or peripheral protein with
Non-covalent bond combines on the outer end of intrinsic albumen, or is incorporated in the hydrophilic head of phospholipid molecule.As carrier, specific receptors, enzyme,
Surface antigen.20%~30% surface protein (peripheral protein matter) is accounted for amino acid or group --- the polar group of electrification
With the lipid binding of film two sides；The conjugated protein (integral protein) for accounting for 70%~80% passes through one or several hydrophobic α-
(20~30 hydrophobic amino acids are absorbed and are formed, 3.6 amino acid residues of every circle spiral, are equivalent to film thickness.Adjacent α-spiral shell
Rotation is with the connection of film inside and outside two sides linear peptides) i.e. film internal drainage hydroxyl is in conjunction with lipid molecular.Such membrane structure leads to it
With capacitive and inductive.Wherein the type and quantity of surface protein (peripheral protein matter) determine the size of its capacitor, knot
The type and quantity of hop protein matter (integral protein) transport protein especially therein determine the size of its inductance.
There are the main transport proteins of two classes on cell membrane, i.e.,：Carrier protein (carrierprotein) and channel protein
(channel protein).Carrier protein also known as does carrier (carrier), permease (permease) and transporter
(transporter), the solute in conjunction with it can be transferred to film in conjunction with specific solute, through the variation of conformation
The other side, carrier protein some need energy driving, such as：The ionic pump of all kinds of APT drivings；Some does not need energy then, with
The mode shipped material of free diffusing, such as：Valinomycin.The combination of channel protein and transported substance is weaker, it can form parent
The channel of water can allow specific solute to pass through when channel is opened, and all channel proteins are transported in a manner of free diffusing
Solute.
Cell membrane is the barrier for preventing extracellular substances to be freely accessible to cell, it ensure that the relatively steady of intracellular environment
It is fixed, enable various biochemical reaction orderly functions.But the friendship of information, substance and energy must occur with ambient enviroment for cell
Change, specific physiological function could be completed, therefore cell must have a set of substance transportation system, for obtain required substance and
Metabolic waste is discharged.Albumen related with substance transportation accounts for the 15~30% of nuclear gene encoding albumen on cell membrane according to estimates, carefully
Energy in terms of born of the same parents are used in substance transportation reaches 2/3rds of cell wastage in bulk or weight energy.As a result, it can also be seen that the substance of cell
Turn-over capacity is determined by the type and quantity of surface protein in cell membrane and conjugated protein.
The transport capability of plant leaf blade cell and the water metabolism of plant, photosynthate transport and nitrate reduction etc.
Numerous physiological activities are related.In order to determine that phosphatide on cell membrane, surface protein (peripheral protein matter) and conjugated protein are (inherent
Protein) to the contribution portion of cell membrane material operating, the present invention is to investigate organ with plant leaf blade, foundation Nernst equation,
Combine and derives that the physiology resistance of plant leaf blade changes and plants with chucking power with chucking power variation, the physiology capacitive reactance of plant leaf blade
The physiology induction reactance of object blade is situated between with chucking power variation model using the parameters combined calculation different type of above three model
Isoelectric substance shifts percentage.The present invention not only can under quick, online quantitative detection varying environment different plant leaf blades it is various not
The dielectric material of same type shifts percentage, and the result of measurement is comparable, but also can use biophysics index characterization
Under varying environment different plant leaf blade moisture and substance in systems exchange feature, determine phosphatide on cell membrane, surface protein
The contribution portion of matter and the operating of binding protein confrontation cell membrane material, for the source for illustrating complicated biological regularity and plant organ
Base relation provides science data.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of methods of measurement plant leaf blade cell dielectric substance transfer number, have filled up use
Biophysics index characterizes the blank for transferring ability of blade cell different material, for the composition of quantitative plant leaf blade cell membrane
Structure and function provide a mode.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the specific technical solution that the present invention uses is as follows：
A method of measurement plant leaf blade cell dielectric substance shifts number, includes the following steps：
Measurement device is connect by step 1 with LCR tester；
Step 2 chooses the fresh braches to measuring plants, and encases branch base portion, takes laboratory to；
Step 3 acquires blade to be measured from fresh braches, is put into distilled water and impregnates 30 minutes；
Step 4 blots blade surface water, and blade to be measured is clipped between measurement device parallel electrode plate immediately, and setting is surveyed
Different chucking powers is arranged by changing the quality of iron block in constant voltage, frequency, and paralleling model measures under different chucking powers simultaneously
Plant leaf blade physiology capacitor, physiology resistance, physiology impedance；
Step 5 calculates physiology capacitive reactance according to plant leaf blade physiology capacitor；
Step 6 calculates plant leaf blade physiology induction reactance according to plant leaf blade physiology resistance, physiology impedance and physiology capacitive reactance；
Step 7 constructs the physiology resistance of plant leaf blade with chucking power variation model, obtains the parameters of model；
Step 8 constructs the physiology capacitive reactance of plant leaf blade with chucking power variation model, obtains the parameters of model；
Step 9 constructs the physiology induction reactance of plant leaf blade with chucking power variation model, obtains the parameters of model；
Step 10, according to the parameter in step 7 model, the dielectric material for obtaining K-type response physiology resistance respectively shifts number
KnRNumber Bn is shifted with the dielectric material of b type response physiology resistanceR；
Step 11 obtains the dielectric material transfer of K-type response physiology capacitive reactance according to the parameter in step 8 model respectively
Number KnXCNumber Bn is shifted with the dielectric material of b type response physiology capacitive reactanceXC；
Step 12 obtains the dielectric material transfer of K-type response physiology induction reactance according to the parameter in step 9 model respectively
Number KnXLNumber Bn is shifted with the dielectric material of b type response physiology induction reactanceXL；
Step 13, the dielectric material according to K-type response physiology resistance shift number KnR, K-type response physiology capacitive reactance dielectric
Substance shifts number KnXCNumber Kn is shifted with the dielectric material of K-type response physiology induction reactanceXLIt obtains the total dielectric material of K-type and shifts number KnT；
Step 14, the dielectric material according to b type response physiology resistance shift number BnR, b type response physiology capacitive reactance dielectric
Substance shifts number BnXCNumber Bn is shifted with the dielectric material of b type response physiology induction reactanceXLIt obtains the total dielectric material of b type and shifts number BnT；
Step 15, according to KnR、KnXC、KnXLAnd KnT, the dielectric material transfer of K-type response physiology resistance is obtained respectively
Percentage KPnR, K-type response physiology capacitive reactance dielectric material shift percentage KPnXCWith the dielectric material of K-type response physiology induction reactance
Shift percentage KPnXL；
Step 10 six, according to BnR、BnXC、BnXLAnd BnT, the dielectric material transfer hundred of b type response physiology resistance is obtained respectively
Score BPnR, b type response physiology capacitive reactance dielectric material shift percentage BPnXCTurn with the dielectric material of b type response physiology induction reactance
Move percentage BPnXL。
Further, the measurement device in the step 1 include bracket (1), cystosepiment (2), electrode plate (3), conducting wire (4),
Iron block (5), sticking plaster (6) and fixing clamp (7), bracket (1) is rectangular frame structure and side is open, and bracket (1) upper end is provided with
Through-hole is protruded into for sticking plaster (6), and side and sticking plaster (6) bottom end are glued respectively there are two cystosepiment (2) inwardly for bracket (1) lower end,
The interior mosaic electrode plate (3) of cystosepiment (2), two electrode plates (3) respectively draw a conducting wire (4), the cystosepiment of sticking plaster (6)
(2) iron block (5) of fixed mass can be placed on, one end that sticking plaster (6) is located at internal stent is fixed by fixing clamp (7)；
The electrode plate (3) is round pole plate, and the material of the electrode plate (3) is copper.
Further, the setting method of chucking power different in the step 4 is：By increasing the iron block of different quality, according to
According to barodynamics formula：F=(M+m) g calculates chucking power F, and F is chucking power, unit N in formula；M is iron block quality, and m is sticking plaster
With the quality of electrode slice, kg；G is that acceleration of gravity is 9.8N/kg.
Further, in the step 5, the calculation formula of plant leaf blade physiology capacitive reactance：Wherein Xc is leaves of plants
Piece physiology capacitive reactance, C are plant leaf blade physiology capacitor, and f is test frequency, and π is that pi is equal to 3.1416.
Further, the calculation formula of plant leaf blade physiology induction reactance：Wherein Xl is plant leaf blade physiology
Induction reactance, Xc are the capacitive reactance of plant leaf blade physiology, and Z is the impedance of plant leaf blade physiology, and R is plant leaf blade physiology resistance.
Further, in the step 7, the physiology resistance of plant leaf blade with chucking power variation model, The model is based on Nernst equationIt derives, wherein R is physiology resistance, E
For electromotive force, E0For standard eleotromotive force, R0It is ideal gas constant, T is temperature, CiFor Jie for responding physiology resistance in cell membrane
Isoelectric substance concentration, CoFor the dielectric material concentration for responding physiology resistance outside cell membrane, f0It is Jie of response physiology resistance in cell membrane
Isoelectric substance concentration CiThe proportionality coefficient converted between physiology resistance, the dielectric material total amount C of the inside and outside response physiology resistance of filmT=
Ci+Co, F0It is Faraday constant, nRIt is in response to the dielectric material transfer number of physiology resistance；E can be used to do work, PV directly proportional to PV
=aE, a are the coefficients that electromotive force is converted into metabolic energy, and V is plant cell volume, and P is the pressure that plant cell is subject to, pressure P
By pressure formulaIt finds out, F is chucking power, and S is the effective area under pole plate effect, and d is the ratio effective thickness of plant leaf blade；It can be deformed into：And then it is deformed into
Due to the ratio effective thickness of plant leaf bladeTherefore, It can be deformed into：It enablesThe physiology resistance of the plant leaf blade is with chucking power
Variation model can be deformed intoWherein y0、k1And b1For the parameter of model.
Further, in the step 8, the physiology capacitive reactance of plant leaf blade with chucking power variation model, The model is based on Nernst equationIt derives, wherein Xc is physiology appearance
Anti-, E is electromotive force, E0For standard eleotromotive force, R0It is ideal gas constant, T is temperature, QiTo respond physiology capacitive reactance in cell membrane
Dielectric material concentration, QoFor the dielectric material concentration for responding physiology capacitive reactance outside cell membrane, J0It is that physiology capacitive reactance is responded in cell membrane
Dielectric material concentration QiThe proportionality coefficient converted between physiology capacitive reactance, the dielectric material total amount of the inside and outside response physiology capacitive reactance of film
Q=Qi+Qo, F0It is Faraday constant, nXCIt is in response to the dielectric material transfer number of physiology capacitive reactance；E can be used to do work, with PV at just
It is the coefficient that electromotive force is converted into metabolic energy than PV=aE, a, V is plant cell volume, and P is the pressure that plant cell is subject to, pressure
Strong P is by pressure formulaIt finds out, F is chucking power, and S is the effective area under pole plate effect, and d is that the ratio of plant leaf blade is effectively thick
Degree；It can be deformed into：And then it is deformed into
Due to the ratio effective thickness of plant leaf bladeTherefore, It can be deformed into：It enablesThe physiology capacitive reactance of the plant leaf blade is with folder
Holding force variation model can be deformed intoWherein p0、k2And b2For the parameter of model.
Further, in the step 9, the physiology induction reactance of plant leaf blade with chucking power variation model, The model is based on Nernst equationIt derives, wherein Xl is physiology sense
Anti-, E is electromotive force, E0For standard eleotromotive force, R0It is ideal gas constant, T is temperature, MiTo respond physiology induction reactance in cell membrane
Dielectric material concentration, MoFor the dielectric material concentration for responding physiology induction reactance outside cell membrane, L0It is Jie of response physiology induction reactance in cell membrane
Isoelectric substance concentration MiThe proportionality coefficient converted between physiology induction reactance, the dielectric material total amount M of the inside and outside response physiology induction reactance of filmT=Mi+
Mo, F0It is Faraday constant, nXLIt is in response to the dielectric material transfer number of physiology induction reactance；E can be used to do work, PV=directly proportional to PV
AE, a are the coefficients that electromotive force is converted into metabolic energy, and V is plant cell volume, and P is the pressure that plant cell is subject to, and pressure P is by pressing
Strong formulaIt finds out, F is chucking power, and S is the effective area under pole plate effect, and d is the ratio effective thickness of plant leaf blade；It can be deformed into：And then it is deformed into
Due to the ratio effective thickness of plant leaf bladeTherefore, It can be deformed into：It enablesThe physiology induction reactance of the plant leaf blade with
Chucking power variation model can be deformed intoWherein q0、k3And b3For the parameter of model.
Further, in the step 10, the dielectric of K-type response physiology resistance is obtained according to the parameter in step 7 model
Matter shifts number KnRMethod be：KnR=lnk1-lny0, the dielectric material transfer number Bn of b type response physiology resistanceRMethod be：
BnR=b1。
Further, in the step 11, the dielectric of K-type response physiology capacitive reactance is obtained according to the parameter in step 8 model
Substance shifts number KnXCMethod be：KnXC=lnk2-lnp0, the dielectric material transfer number Bn of b type response physiology capacitive reactanceXCMethod
For：BnXC=b2。
Further, in the step 12, the dielectric of K-type response physiology induction reactance is obtained according to the parameter in step 9 model
Substance shifts number KnXLMethod be：KnXL=lnk3-lnq0, the dielectric material transfer number Bn of b type response physiology induction reactanceXLMethod
For：BnXL=b3。
Further, the total dielectric material of K-type in the step 13 shifts number KnTAcquisition methods be：KnT=KnR+KnXC
+KnXL。
Further, the total dielectric material of b type in the step 14 shifts number BnTAcquisition methods be：BnT=BnR+BnXC
+BnXL。
Further, the dielectric material of the K-type response physiology resistance in the step 15 shifts percentage KPnRCalculating
Method is：Unit %；The dielectric material that K-type responds physiology capacitive reactance shifts percentage KPnXCCalculation method
For：Unit %；The dielectric material that K-type responds physiology induction reactance shifts percentage KPnXLCalculation method be：Unit %.
Further, the dielectric material of the b type response physiology resistance in the step 10 six shifts percentage BPnRCalculating
Method is：Unit %；The dielectric material that b type responds physiology capacitive reactance shifts percentage BPnXCCalculation method
For：Unit %；The dielectric material that b type responds physiology induction reactance shifts percentage BPnXLCalculation method be：Unit %.
The present invention has beneficial effect：
1. the present invention can the various types of dielectric of different plant leaf blades under quick, online quantitative detection varying environment
Substance shifts percentage, determines phosphatide on cell membrane, surface protein (peripheral protein matter) and conjugated protein (integrated protein
Matter) to the contribution portion of cell membrane material operating, the result of measurement is comparable.
2. the present invention characterizes blade cell moisture and substance by the transfer case of measurement plant leaf blade cell dielectric substance
Under transport capacity and varying environment different plant leaf blade moisture and substance in systems exchange feature.
3. of the invention easy, applicability is wide, and the instrument price needed is cheap.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural model of cell membrane
Fig. 2 is structural schematic diagram of the invention；
In figure：1. bracket；2. cystosepiment；3. electrode plate；4. electric lead；5. iron block；6. sticking plaster；7. fixing clamp.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described with embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Basic principle of the invention is：
By barodynamics formula：
F=(M+m) g (1)
F is gravity (chucking power), N in formula；M is iron block quality, and m is the quality of sticking plaster and electrode slice, kg；G is gravity
Acceleration is 9.8, N/kg.
Blade is clipped in two plane-parallel capacitor poles of plane-parallel capacitor as dielectric by cell liquid solute using in blade
Between plate, parallel plate capacitor sensor is constituted.Iron block by increasing certain mass obtains plant leaf blade under different chucking powers
Physiology capacitor, and different pressure will necessarily result in the different variations of cell liquid solute concentration in blade, so that it is thin to change blade
The elasticity and plasticity of born of the same parents causes the variation of leaf tissue cell liquid solute dielectric constant between two capacitor plates, to influence
The electrophysiological indexs such as plant physiology capacitor, resistance and impedance.
The calculation formula of plant leaf blade physiology capacitive reactance：Wherein Xc is the capacitive reactance of plant leaf blade physiology, and C is plant
Leaf Physiology capacitor, f are test frequency, and π is that pi is equal to 3.1416.
Due to physiology resistance, physiology impedance and the physiology capacitor using paralleling model measurement plant leaf blade；Therefore, leaves of plants
The calculation formula of piece physiology induction reactance：Wherein Xl is plant leaf blade physiology induction reactance, and Xc is plant leaf blade physiology
Capacitive reactance, Z are the impedance of plant leaf blade physiology, and R is plant leaf blade physiology resistance.
Since resistive current is as caused by dielectric material, so it is by film to the big of various dielectric material permeabilities
Whether small and dielectric material largely has etc. what factors determined.Dynamic excitation changes the permeability of dielectric material, affects inside and outside
The concentration of dielectric material, and inside and outside dielectric material concentration difference obeys Nernst equation, and physiology resistance is inversely proportional with conductivity, and
Conductivity is directly proportional to intracellular dielectric material concentration, thus can derive, the physiology resistance of cell and the relationship of dynamic excitation.
Plant cell moisture number be related to the power of plant leaf blade cell elasticity, under different chucking powers, difference is planted
Different changes occurs for object permeability of cell membranes, therefore its physiology resistance is different.
The expression formula of Nernst equation such as (1) formula：
Wherein, E is electromotive force；E0For standard eleotromotive force；R0It is ideal gas constant, is equal to 8.314570J.K-1.mol-1,
T is temperature, unit K；CiFor the dielectric material concentration for responding physiology resistance in cell membrane, CoTo respond physiology resistance outside cell membrane
Dielectric material concentration, the dielectric material total amount C of the inside and outside response physiology resistance of filmT=Ci+Co, F0It is Faraday constant, is equal to
96485C.mol-1；nRIt is in response to the dielectric material transfer number of physiology resistance, unit mol.
The interior pressure that can be converted to of electromotive force E is done work, PV=aE directly proportional to PV, i.e.,：
Wherein：P is the pressure that plant cell is subject to, and a is electromotive force conversion energy coefficient, and V is plant cell volume；
The pressure P that plant cell is subject to can be found out by pressure formula, pressure formula：Wherein F is chucking power, and S is pole
Effective area under plate effect；
In mesophyll cell, vacuole and cytoplasm occupy intracellular most spaces.For mesophyll cell, CoWith
CiThe sum of be it is certain, equal to inside and outside film respond physiology resistance dielectric material total amount CT, CiIt is then directly proportional to conductivity, and it is electric
Conductance is the inverse of resistance R, therefore,It can be expressed asWherein R is resistance, f0It is response in cell membrane
The dielectric material concentration C of physiology resistanceiThe proportionality coefficient converted between resistance, therefore, (2) become：
(3) formula deforms, and obtains
(4) formula deforms, and obtains
(5) formula both sides fetching number, becomes：
Further deformation, can obtain：
R is physiology resistance in formula (7), due to the ratio effective thickness of plant leaf blade(7) formula can be deformed into：
For the same blade to be measured under same environment, d, a, E in formula (7)0、R0、T、nR、F0、CT、f0It is all definite value；
It enablesTherefore (8) formula can be deformed into：
(9) y in formula0、k1And b1For the parameter of model.Here,In E0、R0, T and F0
It is definite value,Only the dielectric material with response physiology resistance shifts number nRIt is directly proportional, equally,Here,In
D, a, R0, T and F0It is definite value,The same dielectric material only with response physiology resistance shifts number nRIt is directly proportional, therefore, k
The dielectric material that type responds physiology resistance shifts number KnR=lnk1-lny0, the dielectric material transfer number of b type response physiology resistance
BnR=b1。
For same target in the capacitive reactance measurement under same environment, capacitive reactance depends mainly on the size of the inside and outside response physiology capacitive reactance of film
Dielectric material concentration, so film determines that cell capacitive reactance is big to the permeability size of dielectric materials of various response physiology capacitive reactances
It is small, and for blade, capacitive reactance is then even more to depend on the concentration of the dielectric material of the inside and outside response physiology capacitive reactance of film.Dynamic excitation
The membrane permeability for changing dielectric material, affects the concentration of the dielectric material of the inside and outside response physiology capacitive reactance of film, and responds inside and outside film
The concentration difference of the dielectric material of physiology capacitive reactance also obeys this special (Nernst) equation of energy, and the dielectric of physiology capacitive reactance is responded outside film
One timing of concentration of matter, concentration of the physiology capacitive reactance then with the dielectric material of intracellular response physiology capacitive reactance are inversely proportional, thus can push away
Export, the physiology capacitive reactance of cell also with the relationship of dynamic excitation.
Plant cell moisture number be related to the power of plant leaf blade cell elasticity, it is different under different chucking powers
Different changes occurs for the permeability of the dielectric material of the response physiology capacitive reactance of plant cell membrane, therefore its physiology capacitive reactance is different
's.
The expression formula of Nernst equation such as (10) formula：
Wherein, E is electromotive force, E0For standard eleotromotive force, R0It is ideal gas constant, is equal to 8.314570J.K-1.mol-1；
T is temperature, unit K；QiFor the dielectric material concentration for responding physiology capacitive reactance in cell membrane, QoTo respond physiology capacitive reactance outside cell membrane
Dielectric material concentration, the dielectric material total amount Q=Q of the inside and outside response physiology capacitive reactance of filmi+Qo, F0It is Faraday constant, is equal to
96485C.mol-1；nXCIt is in response to the dielectric material transfer number of physiology capacitive reactance, unit mol.
The interior pressure that can be converted to of electromotive force E is done work, PV=aE directly proportional to PV, i.e.,：
Wherein：P is equally the pressure that plant cell is subject to, and a is equally electromotive force conversion energy coefficient, and V is similarly plant
Cell volume；
The pressure P that plant cell is subject to can be found out by pressure formula, pressure formula：Wherein F is similarly chucking power, S
For the effective area under pole plate effect；
In mesophyll cell, vacuole and cytoplasm occupy intracellular most spaces.For mesophyll cell, QoWith
QiThe sum of be it is certain, equal to inside and outside film respond physiology capacitive reactance dielectric material total amount Q, QiThen with response physiology capacitive reactance dielectric
Substance conductivity is directly proportional, and the inverse that the dielectric material conductivity for responding physiology capacitive reactance is capacitive reactance Xc, therefore,It can be expressed asXc is capacitive reactance, J0It is the dielectric material concentration Q of response physiology capacitive reactance in cell membraneiTurn between capacitive reactance
The proportionality coefficient of change, therefore, (11) become：
(12) formula deforms, and obtains
(13) it becomes：
(14) formula both sides fetching number, becomes：
Further deformation, can obtain：
Xc is physiology capacitive reactance in formula (16), due to the ratio effective thickness of plant leaf blade(16) formula can be deformed into：
For the same blade to be measured under same environment, d, a, E in (17) formula0、R0、T、nXC、F0、Q、J0It is all definite value,
It enablesTherefore (17) formula can be deformed into：
(18) p in formula0、k2And b2For the parameter of model.Here,In E0、R0, T with
F0It is definite value,Only the dielectric material with response physiology capacitive reactance shifts number nXCIt is directly proportional, equally,Here,In d, a, R0, T and F0It is definite value,The same dielectric material only with response physiology capacitive reactance shifts number nXCIt is directly proportional,
Therefore, the dielectric material of K-type response physiology capacitive reactance shifts number KnXC=lnk2-lnp0, the dielectric material of b type response physiology capacitive reactance
Shift number BnXC=b2。
Equally, under different chucking powers, the permeability of the dielectric material of the response physiology induction reactance of different plant cell membranes
Also different changes occurs, therefore its physiology induction reactance is different.
The expression formula of Nernst equation such as (19) formula：
Wherein, E is electromotive force, E0For standard eleotromotive force, R0It is ideal gas constant, is equal to 8.314570J.K-1.mol-1；
T is temperature, unit K；MiFor the dielectric material concentration for responding physiology induction reactance in cell membrane, MoTo respond physiology induction reactance outside cell membrane
Dielectric material concentration, the dielectric material total amount M of the inside and outside response physiology induction reactance of filmT=Mi+Mo, F0It is Faraday constant, is equal to
96485C.mol-1；nXLIt is in response to the dielectric material transfer number of physiology induction reactance, unit mol.
The interior pressure that can be converted to of electromotive force E is done work, PV=aE directly proportional to PV, i.e.,：
Wherein：P is equally the pressure that plant cell is subject to, and a is equally electromotive force conversion energy coefficient, and V is similarly plant
Cell volume；
The pressure P that plant cell is subject to can be found out by pressure formula, pressure formula：Wherein F is similarly chucking power, S
For the effective area under pole plate effect；
In mesophyll cell, vacuole and cytoplasm occupy intracellular most spaces.For mesophyll cell, MoWith
MiThe sum of be it is certain, equal to inside and outside film respond physiology induction reactance dielectric material total amount MT, MiThen with response physiology induction reactance dielectric
Substance conductivity is directly proportional, and the inverse that the dielectric material conductivity for responding physiology induction reactance is induction reactance Xl, therefore,It can express
AtXl is induction reactance, L0It is the dielectric material concentration M of response physiology induction reactance in cell membraneiWith induction reactance it
Between the proportionality coefficient that converts, therefore, (20) formula becomes：
(21) formula deforms, and obtains
(22) it becomes：
(23) formula both sides fetching number, becomes：
Further deformation, can obtain：
Xl is physiology induction reactance in formula (25), due to the ratio effective thickness of plant leaf blade(25) formula can be deformed into：
For the same blade to be measured under same environment, d, a, E in (26) formula0、R0、T、nXL、F0、MT、L0It is all fixed
Value enablesTherefore (26) formula can be deformed into：
(27) q in formula0、k3And b3For the parameter of model.Here,In E0、R0, T with
F0It is definite value,Only the dielectric material with response physiology induction reactance shifts number nXLIt is directly proportional, equally,Here,In d, a, R0, T and F0It is definite value,The same dielectric material only with response physiology induction reactance shifts number nXLIt is directly proportional,
Therefore, the dielectric material of K-type response physiology induction reactance shifts number KnXL=lnk3-lnq0, the dielectric material of b type response physiology induction reactance
Shift number BnXL=b3。
It is a kind of measurement plant leaf blade cell dielectric substance transfer number method measurement device, as shown in Fig. 2, by bracket 1,
Cystosepiment 2, electrode plate 3, electric lead 4, iron block 5, sticking plaster 6, fixing clamp 7 form；Bracket 1 is rectangular frame structure and side
Open, 1 upper end of bracket is provided with through-hole, protrudes into for sticking plaster 6, and side and 6 bottom end of sticking plaster are stained with two to 1 lower end of bracket respectively inwardly
A cystosepiment 2, mosaic electrode plate 3 in cystosepiment 2, two electrode plates 3 respectively draw a conducting wires 4, are used for and LCR tester
(HIOKI3532-50 type, Japanese day set) connects, and the iron block 5 of fixed mass, and gang mould can be placed on the cystosepiment 2 of sticking plaster 6
Physiology resistance, physiology impedance, the physiology capacitor of formula measurement plant leaf blade；Sticking plaster 6 is located at one end of internal stent by fixing clamp 7
It is fixed, when sticking plaster lower end is combined with bracket end, two electrode plates 3 just correspond to together completely；Electrode plate 3 is
Material is the round pole plate of copper, to reduce the edge effect of electrode.
Steps are as follows for use of the invention：First by two conducting wires 4 of apparatus of the present invention and the 9140 of LCR tester when use
Four terminals test probe is connected, then lifts sticking plaster 6, clamps two electrode plates 3 by plant leaf blade to be measured, electrode plate
Diameter 10mm, 1.5 volts of voltage of setting measurement, measurement frequency are 3000Hz, demarcate the quality and iron block 5 of sticking plaster and electrode slice
Quality, paralleling model measures plant leaf blade physiology resistance, physiology impedance, physiology capacitor under different chucking powers.
Embodiment
By taking bletilla as an example.It is picked in the base of Guizhou Province of Chinese Academy of Sciences Puding karst ecology synthesis experiment station biennial white
And plant, it is rapidly returned to laboratory, after clearing up the surface dirt of the fresh braches blade, from fresh braches respectively one by one
Blade to be measured is acquired, is put into distilled water and impregnates 30 minutes；Blade surface water is blotted, blade to be measured is clipped in measurement device immediately
Between parallel electrode plate, different chucking powers, and gang mould is arranged by changing the quality of iron block in setting measurement voltage, frequency
Formula measures plant leaf blade physiology capacitor, physiology resistance, physiology impedance under different chucking powers；Bletilla difference leaf under different chucking powers
Physiology capacitor such as table 1, physiology resistance such as table 2, physiology the impedance such as table 3 of position blade.Data according to table 1 calculate physiology capacitive reactance such as
Table 4, the data according to table 2, table 3 and table 4 calculate plant leaf blade physiology induction reactance such as table 5；Data according to table 2 construct plant leaf blade
Physiology resistance with chucking power variation model such as table 6, the physiology capacitive reactance of the data building plant leaf blade according to table 4 becomes with chucking power
Change model such as table 7.The physiology induction reactance of data building plant leaf blade according to table 5 is with chucking power variation model such as table 8.According to table 6
The parameter of each model, the dielectric material for obtaining K-type response physiology resistance respectively shift number KnRWith Jie of b type response physiology resistance
Isoelectric substance shifts number BnR(such as table 9)；According to the parameter of each model of table 7, the dielectric material of K-type response physiology capacitive reactance is obtained respectively
Shift number KnXCNumber Bn is shifted with the dielectric material of b type response physiology capacitive reactanceXC(table 9)；According to the parameter of each model of table 8, respectively
The dielectric material for obtaining K-type response physiology induction reactance shifts number KnXLNumber Bn is shifted with the dielectric material of b type response physiology induction reactanceXL
(table 9)；According to KnR、KnXCAnd KnXLIt obtains the total dielectric material of K-type and shifts number KnT(table 9)；According to BnR、BnXCAnd BnXLObtain b type
Total dielectric material shifts number BnT(table 9)；According to KnR、KnXC、KnXLAnd KnT, the dielectric of K-type response physiology resistance is obtained respectively
Substance shifts percentage KPnR, K-type response physiology capacitive reactance dielectric material shift percentage KPnXCWith K-type response physiology induction reactance
Dielectric material shifts percentage KPnXL(table 10)；According to BnR、BnXC、BnXLAnd BnT, Jie of b type response physiology resistance is obtained respectively
Isoelectric substance shifts percentage BPnR, b type response physiology capacitive reactance dielectric material shift percentage BPnXCPhysiology induction reactance is responded with b type
Dielectric material shift percentage BPnXL(table 10).
The physiology capacitor (pF) of bletilla Different Leaf-position Leaf Blades under the different chucking powers (F, unit N) of table 1
The physiology resistance (M Ω) of bletilla Different Leaf-position Leaf Blades under the different chucking powers (F, unit N) of table 2
The physiology impedance (M Ω) of bletilla Different Leaf-position Leaf Blades under the different chucking powers (F, unit N) of table 3
The physiology capacitive reactance (M Ω) of bletilla Different Leaf-position Leaf Blades under the different chucking powers (F unit N) of table 4
The physiology induction reactance (M Ω) of bletilla Different Leaf-position Leaf Blades under the different chucking powers (F, unit N) of table 5
The physiology resistance (R) of 6 bletilla Different Leaf-position Leaf Blades of table is with chucking power (F) variation model (R-F) and parameter
The physiology capacitive reactance (Xc) of 7 bletilla Different Leaf-position Leaf Blades of table is with chucking power (F) variation model (Xc-F) and parameter
The physiology induction reactance (Xl) of 8 bletilla Different Leaf-position Leaf Blades of table is with chucking power (F) variation model (Xl-F) and parameter
The dielectric material of the K-type response physiology resistance of 9 Different Leaf-position Leaf Blades of table shifts number KnR, response physiology capacitive reactance Jie
Isoelectric substance shifts number KnXC, response physiology induction reactance dielectric material shift number KnXL, the total dielectric material of K-type shift number KnTAnd b type
The dielectric material for responding physiology resistance shifts number BnR, response physiology capacitive reactance dielectric material shift number BnXC, response physiology induction reactance
Dielectric material shift number BnXL, the total dielectric material of b type shift number BnT
The dielectric material of the K-type response physiology resistance of 10 Different Leaf-position Leaf Blades of table shifts percentage KPnR(%), response life
The dielectric material for managing capacitive reactance shifts percentage KPnXC(%), the dielectric material for responding physiology induction reactance shift percentage KPnXL(%)
And the dielectric material of b type response physiology resistance shifts percentage BPnR(%), the dielectric material transfer hundred for responding physiology capacitive reactance
Score BPnXC(%) and the dielectric material for responding physiology induction reactance shift percentage BPnXL(%)
Implementation result of the invention is as follows：
As can be seen from Table 10, either K-type or b type, same type of dielectric material shift percentage difference leaf
The bletilla blade of position is all different, but the bletilla blade of same leaf position, and same type of dielectric material shifts percentage difference
It is smaller.In addition, it can further be seen that the dielectric material transfer percentage of response physiology resistance and response physiology induction reactance from table 10
Dielectric material transfer percentage difference is smaller, and the dielectric material transfer percentage for being generally all in response to physiology resistance is greater than response
The dielectric material of physiology induction reactance shifts percentage, this may be with what the dielectric material transfer percentage of response physiology resistance reflected
The case where passive transport, and the dielectric material transfer percentage reflection for responding physiology induction reactance is carrier traffic condition, the two object
Mass flow is moved contrary, and charge keeps faint these facts of negative electrical charge associated close to balance, outside film.
The dielectric material transfer percentage for responding physiology capacitive reactance is related with potential difference inside and outside film, and potential difference and film inside and outside film
Inside and outside material concentration difference is related, and potential difference is bigger inside and outside film, and material concentration is bigger in film, and the substance that can be transferred is more；Therefore,
For source and sink relation, response physiology capacitive reactance dielectric material transfer percentage it is bigger, the effect as source is bigger, it is on the contrary then
It is small.As can be seen from Table 10, for moisture and the organic nutrition of storage, the effect in the source of the blade of the 5th leaf position is greater than the
Four, the effect of third leaf position, the blade library of the first, second leaf position is greater than third, the 4th leaf position.This illustrate Newborn Leaves need from
Moisture and nutrition are obtained in ripe leaf, compared to for climax leaves, Newborn Leaves have the feature in library, and climax leaves then have the spy in source
Sign.For " single head type " bletilla tissue culture seedling stem, saddle-shape bletilla tissue culture seedling stem, because twice of source library ratio, accelerates
The growth and development of bletilla Newborn Leaves is allowed to more advantageous in production.In addition, high yield bletilla all has base portion leaf loose, de-
Late feature is fallen, what these can be explained with example of the invention.
Above-mentioned, although the foregoing specific embodiments of the present invention is described with reference to the accompanying drawings, not protects model to the present invention
The limitation enclosed, those skilled in the art should understand that, based on the technical solutions of the present invention, those skilled in the art are not
Need to make the creative labor the various modifications or changes that can be made still within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method of measurement plant leaf blade cell dielectric substance transfer number, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
Measurement device is connect by step 1 with LCR tester；
Step 2 chooses the fresh braches to measuring plants, and encases branch base portion, takes laboratory to；
Step 3 acquires blade to be measured from fresh braches, is put into distilled water and impregnates 30 minutes；
Step 4 blots blade surface water, and blade to be measured is clipped between measurement device parallel electrode plate immediately, setting measurement electricity
Pressure, frequency, different chucking powers is arranged by changing the quality of iron block, and paralleling model measures the plant under different chucking powers simultaneously
Object Leaf Physiology capacitor, physiology resistance, physiology impedance；
Step 5 calculates physiology capacitive reactance according to plant leaf blade physiology capacitor；
Step 6 calculates plant leaf blade physiology induction reactance according to plant leaf blade physiology resistance, physiology impedance and physiology capacitive reactance；
Step 7 constructs the physiology resistance of plant leaf blade with chucking power variation model, obtains the parameters of model；
Step 8 constructs the physiology capacitive reactance of plant leaf blade with chucking power variation model, obtains the parameters of model；
Step 9 constructs the physiology induction reactance of plant leaf blade with chucking power variation model, obtains the parameters of model；
Step 10, according to the parameter in step 7 model, the dielectric material for obtaining K-type response physiology resistance respectively shifts number KnRWith
The dielectric material that b type responds physiology resistance shifts number BnR；
Step 11, according to the parameter in step 8 model, the dielectric material for obtaining K-type response physiology capacitive reactance respectively shifts number
KnXCNumber Bn is shifted with the dielectric material of b type response physiology capacitive reactanceXC, KnXC=lnk2-lnp0, the dielectric of b type response physiology capacitive reactance
Substance shifts number BnXCMethod be：BnXC=b2；
Step 12, according to the parameter in step 9 model, the dielectric material for obtaining K-type response physiology induction reactance respectively shifts number
KnXLNumber Bn is shifted with the dielectric material of b type response physiology induction reactanceXL, KnXL=lnk3-lnq0, the dielectric of b type response physiology induction reactance
Substance shifts number BnXLMethod be：BnXL=b3；
Step 13, the dielectric material according to K-type response physiology resistance shift number KnR, K-type response physiology capacitive reactance dielectric material
Shift number KnXCNumber Kn is shifted with the dielectric material of K-type response physiology induction reactanceXLIt obtains the total dielectric material of K-type and shifts number KnT, KnT=
KnR+KnXC+KnXL；
Step 14, the dielectric material according to b type response physiology resistance shift number BnR, b type response physiology capacitive reactance dielectric material
Shift number BnXCNumber Bn is shifted with the dielectric material of b type response physiology induction reactanceXLIt obtains the total dielectric material of b type and shifts number BnT, BnT=
BnR+BnXC+BnXL；
Step 15, according to KnR、KnXC、KnXLAnd KnT, the dielectric material transfer percentage of K-type response physiology resistance is obtained respectively
Number KPnR, K-type response physiology capacitive reactance dielectric material shift percentage KPnXCWith the dielectric material transfer of K-type response physiology induction reactance
Percentage KPnXL,Unit %；Unit %； Unit %；
Step 10 six, according to BnR、BnXC、BnXLAnd BnT, the dielectric material transfer percentage of b type response physiology resistance is obtained respectively
BPnR, b type response physiology capacitive reactance dielectric material shift percentage BPnXCWith the dielectric material transfer hundred of b type response physiology induction reactance
Score BPnXL,Unit %；Unit %；Unit %.
2. a kind of method of measurement plant leaf blade cell dielectric substance transfer number according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
The measurement device includes bracket (1), cystosepiment (2), electrode plate (3), conducting wire (4), iron block (5), sticking plaster (6) and fixing clamp
(7), bracket (1) is rectangular frame structure and side is open, and bracket (1) upper end is provided with through-hole, protrudes into for sticking plaster (6), bracket
(1) side and sticking plaster (6) bottom end are glued respectively there are two cystosepiment (2), the interior mosaic electrode plate (3) of cystosepiment (2) inwardly for lower end,
Two electrode plates (3) respectively draw a conducting wire (4), and the iron block of fixed mass can be placed on the cystosepiment (2) of sticking plaster (6)
(5), one end that sticking plaster (6) is located at internal stent is fixed by fixing clamp (7).
3. a kind of method of measurement plant leaf blade cell dielectric substance transfer number according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：
The electrode plate (3) is round pole plate, and the material of the electrode plate (3) is copper.
4. a kind of method of measurement plant leaf blade cell dielectric substance transfer number according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
The setting method of different chucking powers is in the step 4：By increasing the iron block of different quality, according to barodynamics formula：F
=(M+m) g calculates chucking power F, and F is chucking power, unit N in formula；M is iron block quality, and m is the matter of sticking plaster and electrode slice
Amount, kg；G is that acceleration of gravity is 9.8N/kg.
5. a kind of method of measurement plant leaf blade cell dielectric substance transfer number according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
In the step 5, the calculation formula of plant leaf blade physiology capacitive reactance：Wherein Xc is the capacitive reactance of plant leaf blade physiology, and C is
Plant leaf blade physiology capacitor, f are test frequency, and π is that pi is equal to 3.1416.
6. a kind of method of measurement plant leaf blade cell dielectric substance transfer number according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
In the step 6, the calculation formula of plant leaf blade physiology induction reactance：Wherein Xl is the sense of plant leaf blade physiology
Anti-, Xc is the capacitive reactance of plant leaf blade physiology, and Z is the impedance of plant leaf blade physiology, and R is plant leaf blade physiology resistance.
7. a kind of method of measurement plant leaf blade cell dielectric substance transfer number according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
In the step 7, the physiology resistance of plant leaf blade with chucking power variation model,The model
It is based on Nernst equationIt derives, wherein R is resistance, and E is electromotive force, E0For standard eleotromotive force, R0
It is ideal gas constant, T is temperature, CiFor the dielectric material concentration for responding physiology resistance in cell membrane, CoTo be responded outside cell membrane
The dielectric material concentration of physiology resistance, f0It is the dielectric material concentration C of response physiology resistance in cell membraneiBetween physiology resistance
The proportionality coefficient of conversion, the dielectric material total amount C of the inside and outside response physiology resistance of filmT=Ci+Co, F0It is Faraday constant, nRIt is loud
The dielectric material of physiology resistance is answered to shift number；E can be used to do work, and PV=a E, a directly proportional to PV are that electromotive force is converted into being metabolized
The coefficient of energy, V are plant cell volume, and P is the pressure that plant cell is subject to, and pressure P is by pressure formulaIt finds out, F is folder
Holding force, S are the effective area under pole plate effect, and d is the ratio effective thickness of plant leaf blade；It can be deformed into：And then it is deformed intoDue to the ratio effective thickness of plant leaf blade
Therefore,It can be deformed into： It enables
The physiology resistance of the plant leaf blade can be deformed into chucking power variation modelWherein y0、k1And b1For mould
The parameter of type.
8. a kind of method of measurement plant leaf blade cell dielectric substance transfer number according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
In the step 8, the physiology capacitive reactance of plant leaf blade with chucking power variation model,The mould
Type is based on Nernst equationIt derives, wherein Xc is capacitive reactance, and E is electromotive force, E0It is electronic for standard
Gesture, R0It is ideal gas constant, T is temperature, QiFor the dielectric material concentration for responding physiology capacitive reactance in cell membrane, QoFor cell membrane
The dielectric material concentration of outer response physiology capacitive reactance, J0It is the dielectric material concentration Q of response physiology capacitive reactance in cell membraneiHold with physiology
The proportionality coefficient converted between anti-, the dielectric material total amount Q=Q of the inside and outside response physiology capacitive reactance of filmi+Qo, F0It is Faraday constant,
nXCIt is in response to the dielectric material transfer number of physiology capacitive reactance；E can be used to do work, and PV=aE directly proportional to PV, a are that electromotive force is converted into
The coefficient of metabolic energy, V are plant cell volume, and P is the pressure that plant cell is subject to, and pressure P is by pressure formulaIt finds out, F
For chucking power, S is the effective area under pole plate effect, and d is the ratio effective thickness of plant leaf blade；It is variable
Shape is：And then it is deformed into Due to plant leaf blade
Compare effective thicknessTherefore,It can be deformed into：It enablesThe physiology capacitive reactance of the plant leaf blade can be deformed into chucking power variation modelWherein p0、k2And b2For the parameter of model.
9. a kind of method of measurement plant leaf blade cell dielectric substance transfer number according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
In the step 9, the physiology induction reactance of plant leaf blade with chucking power variation model,The mould
Type is based on Nernst equationIt derives, wherein Xl is induction reactance, and E is electromotive force, E0It is electronic for standard
Gesture, R0It is ideal gas constant, T is temperature, MiFor the dielectric material concentration for responding physiology induction reactance in cell membrane, MoFor cell membrane
The dielectric material concentration of outer response physiology induction reactance, L0It is the dielectric material concentration M of response physiology induction reactance in cell membraneiWith physiology sense
The proportionality coefficient converted between anti-, the dielectric material total amount M of the inside and outside response physiology induction reactance of filmT=Mi+Mo, F0It is Faraday constant,
nXLIt is in response to the dielectric material transfer number of physiology induction reactance；E can be used to do work, and PV=aE directly proportional to PV, a are that electromotive force is converted into
The coefficient of metabolic energy, V are plant cell volume, and P is the pressure that plant cell is subject to, and pressure P is by pressure formulaIt finds out, F
For chucking power, S is the effective area under pole plate effect, and d is the ratio effective thickness of plant leaf blade；It is variable
Shape is：And then it is deformed into Due to plant leaf blade
Compare effective thicknessTherefore,It can be deformed into：
It enablesThe physiology induction reactance of the plant leaf blade can be deformed into chucking power variation modelWherein q0、k3And b3For the parameter of model.
10. a kind of method of measurement plant leaf blade cell dielectric substance transfer number according to claim 1, feature exist
In：In the step 10, the dielectric material for obtaining K-type response physiology resistance according to the parameter in step 7 model shifts number KnR
Method be：KnR=lnk1-lny0, the dielectric material transfer number Bn of b type response physiology resistanceRMethod be：BnR=b1。
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| CN110646467B (en) * | 2019-10-10 | 2021-07-23 | 中国科学院地球化学研究所 | Method for quantifying utilization efficiency and relative water retention time of intracellular water of plant |
| CN110646469B (en) * | 2019-10-10 | 2022-04-19 | 中国科学院地球化学研究所 | Method for quantifying low-nutrition-resistant capability and nutrition utilization efficiency of plant |
| CN110731191A (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2020-01-31 | 中国科学院地球化学研究所 | Selection method of adverse-resistant crop varieties based on electrophysiological characteristics |
| CN112649474A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-04-13 | 中国科学院地球化学研究所 | Method for quantifying nutrition metabolism capability and resource predation capability of plants |
| CN112649474B (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2024-03-01 | 中国科学院地球化学研究所 | Method for quantifying plant nutrition metabolism capability and resource predation capability |
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