CN108872008B - Rockfill density measurement method based on additional mass method theoretical gauge plate - Google Patents

Rockfill density measurement method based on additional mass method theoretical gauge plate Download PDF

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CN108872008B
CN108872008B CN201810778553.8A CN201810778553A CN108872008B CN 108872008 B CN108872008 B CN 108872008B CN 201810778553 A CN201810778553 A CN 201810778553A CN 108872008 B CN108872008 B CN 108872008B
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rockfill
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density
mass
additional mass
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CN108872008A (en
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张建清
王峰
马圣敏
李丕武
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Changjiang Geophysical Exploration & Testing Wuhan Co ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N9/00—Investigating density or specific gravity of materials; Analysing materials by determining density or specific gravity
    • G01N9/002—Investigating density or specific gravity of materials; Analysing materials by determining density or specific gravity using variation of the resonant frequency of an element vibrating in contact with the material submitted to analysis

Abstract

The rockfill density measurement method based on the additional mass method theoretical gauge provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps: based on the vibration mass, rigidity, wet density, vibration volume and dry density of each measuring point on the rockfill body in the historical engineering test dataThe degree and the water content are established in a vibration volume linear graph under a wet density-vibration mass coordinate system and a water content linear graph under a wet density-dry density coordinate system; establishing a parameter peer-to-peer relationship between rockfill rigidity and wet density, and carrying out gridding coverage on a vibration-participating volume linear graph and the moisture content linear graph to obtain an additional mass method theoretical weight plate; selecting a measuring point on a rockfill body of a dam to be detected, acquiring the rockfill rigidity K and the vibration reference mass M of the rockfill body by an additional mass method, and matching a corresponding vibration reference volume V on a theoretical measuring plate of the additional mass method0And water content w based on the vibration volume V0And the moisture content w is used for obtaining the wet density rho and the dry density rho of the rock-fill bodyd。

Description

Rockfill density measurement method based on additional mass method theoretical gauge plate
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of engineering geophysical exploration, in particular to a rockfill density measurement method based on an additional mass method theoretical gauge plate.
Background
In the construction process of the rolling type earth-rock dam, in order to ensure the construction quality, the compactness of each layer of rockfill material after rolling must be controlled. Particularly, for the constructed and high-rise earth-rock dam, the dam body has larger sedimentation deformation due to higher dam height, and the designed seismic intensity of the area is high. According to the regulation of the specification, the filling compactness of the rockfill material should be a small value of the designed porosity, namely the compactness of the filled rockfill material is high as much as possible, which also puts higher requirements on the construction quality.
According to the traditional pit measurement method, the piled stone after rolling in the layer filling process is dug and weighed, and the volume of the dug pit is measured through irrigation, so that the density of the piled stone is finally obtained. However, the dam is often damaged by the part after pit measurement, the method is long in test time, needs more manpower, is limited in measurement sample of each layer of rockfill, and is not beneficial to comprehensively and dynamically controlling the construction quality of the rockfill.
In the prior art, an additional mass method digital measuring plate method (an empirical measuring plate method) is applied to high earth and rockfill dam engineering, and a digital measuring plate is manufactured by calibrating a test result of a pit testing method and then is subjected to field test. However, the digital measuring board is difficult to expand, so that the measuring surface is single, and points outside the measuring board data range in the actual measuring process cannot be tested.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a rockfill body density measurement method based on an additional mass method theoretical measuring plate, which overcomes the problems or at least partially solves the problems, and solves the problems that in the prior art, a digital measuring plate is difficult to expand, so that the measurement surface is single, and points outside the measuring plate data range in the actual measurement process cannot be tested.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a rockfill density measurement method based on an additional mass method theoretical measurement plate, including:
establishing a vibration reference volume linear graph under a wet density-vibration reference mass coordinate system based on the vibration reference mass, the wet density and the vibration reference volume of each measuring point on the rock mass in historical engineering test data; establishing a water content line graph under a wet density-dry density coordinate system based on the dry density, the water content and the wet density of each measuring point on the rockfill body in historical engineering test data;
establishing a parameter peer-to-peer relationship between the rigidity and the wet density of the rockfill on each measuring point of the rockfill in historical engineering test data, and carrying out gridding coverage on the vibration-participating volume linear graph and the water content linear graph to obtain an additional mass method theoretical gauge plate, wherein the abscissa of the additional mass method theoretical gauge plate is wet density rho and rockfill rigidity K, and the ordinate is vibration-participating mass M and dry density rhod；
Selecting a measuring point on a rockfill body of a dam to be detected, acquiring the rockfill rigidity K and the vibration reference mass M of the rockfill body by an additional mass method, and matching a corresponding vibration reference volume V on a theoretical measuring plate of the additional mass method0And water content w based on the vibration volume V0And the moisture content w is used for obtaining the wet density rho of the rockfillAnd dry density ρd。
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps of establishing a parametric volume straight-line graph under a wet density-parametric mass coordinate system:
and defining the value range of each coordinate axis in the theoretical gauge plate of the additional mass method based on the maximum value and the minimum value of the mass participating in vibration, the wet density, the volume participating in vibration and the rockfill rigidity in the historical engineering test data.
Preferably, based on the oscillation volume V0And the moisture content w is used for obtaining the wet density rho and the dry density rho of the rock-fill bodydThe method specifically comprises the following steps:
based on rho-M/V0Calculating the wet density rho of the rockfill body; based on rhodCalculating the dry density ρ of the rock-fill body as 1/(1+ w) ρd。
Preferably, establishing the parameter peer relationship between the rockfill stiffness and the wet density specifically includes:
and establishing a parameter peer-to-peer relationship between the rigidity and the wet density of the rockfill on the basis of the rockfill rigidity and the wet density of each measuring point on the rockfill in historical engineering test data.
Preferably, and based on said resonant volume V0And the water content w is added to obtain rho and dry density rho of the rockfilldAnd then, the method further comprises the following steps:
establishing an equivalent relation based on the abscissa and the ordinate in the theoretical measuring plate of the additional mass method, and directly searching corresponding wet density rho ', vibration-participating mass M' and dry density rho through the rockfill rigidity K on the theoretical measuring plate of the additional mass methodd’。
Preferably, the corresponding wet density rho ', the vibration reference mass M' and the dry density rho are directly searched through the rockfill rigidity K on the theoretical measuring plate by the additional mass methodd' thereafter, further comprising:
calculating an error value △ ρ, ρ' for ρ and ρdAnd ρd' error value △ ρdIf △ ρ and △ ρdIf the absolute value of (a) is within the set range, the data is judged to be valid.
Preferably, the method for acquiring the rockfill rigidity K and the vibration mass M of the rockfill body by the additional mass method specifically comprises the following steps:
and acquiring data signals under different additional masses by an additional mass method, and analyzing the data signals to obtain the rockfill rigidity K and the vibration participating mass M of the rockfill body.
The invention provides a rockfill density measurement method based on an additional mass method theoretical gauge, which is characterized in that a parameter peer-to-peer graph is obtained through formula calculation based on historical engineering test data to obtain the additional mass method theoretical gauge, and then the density of the rockfill can be solved; the method has the advantages of simple calculation, equal and flexible parameters and the like, and has the advantages of perfect theoretical support, easy expansion, wider test range and the like compared with an empirical measuring plate such as a digital measuring plate method and the like.
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FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a rockfill density measurement method based on an additional mass method theoretical plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a theoretical gauge plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
In the construction process of the rock-fill dam, the rock-fill body density is an important parameter for reflecting the dam quality, so that the detection of the rock-fill body density has important significance for ensuring the dam construction quality. The common rockfill density detection method in engineering comprises a direct method and an indirect method, wherein the direct method is usually a pit detection method, although the method is accurate, the method has the defects of low efficiency, high cost and the like, and the method is destructive; the indirect method comprises a compaction settlement observation method, a vibration rolling accelerometer method, a control rolling parameter method, a static elastic modulus method, a dynamic elastic modulus method, a surface wave method, a nuclear density method and the like; the first 5 methods are qualitative and do not yield quantitative data. The surface wave method is not good in the effect of measuring the density of the rock-fill body due to the fact that the surface wave reflects surface layer information within 5m inaccurately.
The additional mass method is characterized in that a measuring point is selected on a rockfill, a vibration system consisting of an additional mass block, a bearing plate and a foundation dam body is established, the rockfill rigidity and the vibration participating mass corresponding to the vibration system are measured by the additional mass method, parameters can be collected by an additional mass method instrument, and the density of the measuring point of the foundation dam body is obtained by a formula. Because the additional mass method has the advantages of convenience, no damage and the like, the method has wider application in the detection of the density of the rock-fill body in recent years; in the prior art, in order to overcome the defects that parameters are not easy to determine, the test precision is low and the like in the test process of the additional mass method, the additional mass method is improved, the test result of the pit test method is calibrated, a digital measuring plate is manufactured, and then the field test is carried out. Because no mathematical model is used in the process of manufacturing the digital measuring plate, no model error exists. However, because there is no mathematical model basis, the digital scale is difficult to expand, and points except for the scale data in the actual measurement process cannot be processed.
Therefore, in view of the above disadvantages, the present embodiment provides a method for measuring a density of a rockfill mass based on an additional mass method theoretical plate, including:
establishing a vibration reference volume linear graph under a wet density-vibration reference mass coordinate system based on the vibration reference mass, the wet density and the vibration reference volume of each measuring point on the rock mass in historical engineering test data; establishing a water content line graph under a wet density-dry density coordinate system based on the dry density, the water content and the wet density of each measuring point on the rockfill body in historical engineering test data;
establishing a parameter peer-to-peer relationship between the rigidity and the wet density of the rockfill on the basis of the rockfill rigidity and the wet density of each measuring point on the rockfill in historical engineering test data, and performing gridding coverage on the vibration-participating volume linear graph and the water content linear graph to obtain an additional mass method theoretical weight plate; fitting various engineering data and test results before fitting, establishing the relationship between the rockfill rigidity and the wet density of the resonance rockfill, and finishing the manufacture of a theoretical gauge (parameter equivalent graph) as shown in figure 2, wherein the graph comprises horizontal coordinates rho and K and vertical coordinates M and rhod。
Selecting measuring points on the rockfill body of the dam to be detected, and acquiring the rockfill steel of the rockfill body by an additional mass methodThe degree K and the mass M of the resonance can be collected by an additional mass method instrument, and the corresponding volume V of the resonance is matched on the theoretical mass plate of the additional mass method0And water content w based on the vibration volume V0And the moisture content w is used for obtaining the wet density rho and the dry density rho of the rock-fill bodyd。
Specifically, in this embodiment, based on historical engineering test data, a parameter peer-to-peer diagram is obtained through formula calculation, so as to obtain an additional mass method theoretical weight plate, and further, the density of the rock-fill body can be solved. The method has the advantages of simple calculation, equal and flexible parameters and the like, and has the advantages of perfect theoretical support, easy expansion of the measuring plate, wider test range and the like compared with an empirical measuring plate such as a digital measuring plate method and the like.
Based on the additional mass method, under an undamped free vibration system (mass-elastic model), the vibration equation can be obtained as follows:
Figure GDA0002374524190000061
Figure GDA0002374524190000062
in the formula, Z and
Figure GDA0002374524190000063
respectively a vibration displacement function and a vibration acceleration; k and M are respectively spring stiffness and oscillator mass; omega is the undamped self-oscillation circular frequency.
The formula (2) is available in a modified form:
K＝ω2·M (3)
by setting the additional mass M to △ M + M0Introduction of formula (3) can give:
K＝ω2·(ΔM+M0) (4)
when the additional mass △ M is 0, the above equation (4) can be written as:
K＝ω0 2·M0(5)
in the formula, ω0And M0Respectively showing the natural vibration frequency of the rock-fill body and the mass of the rock-fill body in the test process of the additional mass method.
The solution formula of the parameter peer-to-peer method is as follows:
M＝K·ω0 -2＝ρV0(6)
the two sides of the medium sign in the above formula (6) are divided by the vibration volume V0The following can be obtained:
Figure GDA0002374524190000064
in addition, the change in water content can be obtained from the following equation:
Figure GDA0002374524190000065
from the above formula (8):
Figure GDA0002374524190000071
based on the above theory, in the present embodiment, specifically, by the formula M ═ ρ V0A rho-M (wet density-vibration mass) coordinate system can be drawn, and a vibration volume tangent diagram can be drawn; by the formula (9), the coordinate system ρ - ρ can be plotteddAnd (wet density-dry density) water content linear graph under a coordinate system.
As shown in FIG. 2, the vibration-participating volume straight line is drawn based on the rho-M coordinate, and the water content is based on the rho-rhodDrawing coordinates, and finishing the manufacturing of a parameter peer-to-peer graph, namely a theoretical gauge plate.
On the basis of the above embodiment, before establishing the parametric volume straight-line graph under the wet density-parametric mass coordinate system, the method further comprises:
analyzing previous engineering test data, and defining the value range of each coordinate axis in the theoretical quantity plate of the additional mass method based on the maximum value and the minimum value of the vibration mass, the wet density, the vibration volume and the rockfill rigidity in the historical engineering test data. Because the limitation of the maximum value and the minimum value is considered, the expansion of the measuring board is easy to carry out on the basis of a mathematical model, and the full coverage of the test points can be realized. Of course, the set elastic interval can be increased on the basis of the maximum value and the minimum value of the historical actual measurement, the expansion of the measuring board is carried out, and the full coverage of the test point is realized.
Based on the above embodiment, based on the oscillation volume V0And the moisture content w is used for obtaining the wet density rho and the dry density rho of the rock-fill bodydThe method specifically comprises the following steps:
based on rho-M/V0Calculating the wet density rho of the rockfill body; based on rhodCalculating the dry density ρ of the rock-fill body, given as (1+ w) ρd。
On the basis of the above embodiment, establishing the parameter peer-to-peer relationship between the rockfill stiffness and the wet density specifically includes:
and establishing a parameter peer-to-peer relationship between the rigidity and the wet density of the rockfill on the basis of the rockfill rigidity and the wet density of each measuring point on the rockfill in historical engineering test data. And (3) obtaining the linear relation between the rigidity K of the rockfill and the site wet density rho of the rockfill through linear regression analysis based on engineering test data in historical engineering data. As shown in fig. 2, the coordinates are then peered, i.e., the parameters ρ and K.
And carrying out gridding coverage on the vibration volume linear graph and the water content linear graph, and removing a coverage parameter K by using a parameter rho based on the peer-to-peer relationship between rho and K. Since the field measured value is the rockfill rigidity K, we need to find the rockfill density and the like through the rockfill rigidity. The corresponding parameter rho can be obtained through the parameter K through a theoretical quantity plate, namely a parameter peer-to-peer diagram.
Based on the above embodiments and based on the oscillation volume V0And the water content w is added to obtain rho and dry density rho of the rockfilldAnd then, the method further comprises the following steps:
establishing an equivalent relation based on the abscissa and the ordinate in the theoretical measuring plate of the additional mass method, and directly searching corresponding wet density rho ', vibration-participating mass M' and dry density rho through the rockfill rigidity K on the theoretical measuring plate of the additional mass methodd’。
On the basis of the above-described examples, the stacks on the plates are theoretically measured by the additive mass methodDirectly searching corresponding wet density rho ', vibration reference mass M' and dry density rho by using stone rigidity Kd' thereafter, further comprising:
calculating an error value △ ρ, ρ' for ρ and ρdAnd ρd' error value △ ρdIf △ ρ and △ ρdIf the absolute value of (a) is within the set range, the data is judged to be valid. In the present embodiment, if the absolute value of the error between the two is not more than 5%, the data is valid.
On the basis of the embodiment, the method for acquiring the rigidity K and the vibration mass M of the rockfill body by the additional mass method specifically comprises the following steps:
and (3) selecting a measuring point on the dam rockfill, and acquiring data by an additional mass method acquisition system (consisting of a vibration signal acquisition and analysis instrument, a vibration pickup and a cover plate). The rockfill rigidity K of the resonance rockfill body and the resonance mass M of the resonance rockfill body can be obtained by collecting data signals under different additional masses and analyzing.
As shown in the following table, in order to use the rockfill density measurement method based on the additional mass method theoretical measurement plate of the present embodiment, measurement results obtained by measuring rockfill materials (I, II, fine rockfill materials) of different grades at different positions on the dam body of the rock-fill dam of the Tianzong river, the glutinous ferry and the two estuaries are shown in the table.
TABLE 1 summary table of testing results of rock-fill material of Tanzhe river
Figure GDA0002374524190000091
Table 2 summary table of rock-fill test results of glutinous ferry dam
Figure GDA0002374524190000092
Table 3 summary table of the test results of materials i of glutinous ferry dam
Figure GDA0002374524190000093
Table 4 summary table of test results of materials ii in upstream dam of glutinous ferry dam
Figure GDA0002374524190000094
TABLE 5 summary table of fine rockfill material test results of glutinous ferry dam
Figure GDA0002374524190000095
Table 6 summary table of test results of downstream dam material ii in glutinous ferry
Figure GDA0002374524190000096
Figure GDA0002374524190000101
TABLE 7 summary table of the test results of rockfill material upstream of two river mouths
Figure GDA0002374524190000102
TABLE 8 summary of the test results of the rockfill material at the two river mouths
Figure GDA0002374524190000103
As can be seen from the measured data in tables 1 to 8, the rockfill density measurement method based on the theoretical weight plate of the additional mass method in this embodiment has accurate test results and a small error rate, can accurately measure a plurality of materials, and has a small measurement error. The mathematical model is taken as the basis, the extension of the gauge plate is easy to carry out, and the full coverage of the test points can be realized.
In summary, the embodiment of the present invention provides a method for measuring a density of a rockfill body based on an additional mass method theoretical gauge, which obtains a parameter equivalence map by formula calculation based on historical engineering test data to obtain an additional mass method theoretical gauge, and can further solve the density of the rockfill body, and the method has the advantages of simple calculation, flexible parameter equivalence, and the like.
Finally, the method of the present invention is only a preferred embodiment and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A rockfill density measurement method based on an additional mass method theoretical gauge is characterized by comprising the following steps:
establishing a vibration reference volume linear graph under a wet density-vibration reference mass coordinate system based on the vibration reference mass, the wet density and the vibration reference volume of each measuring point on the rock mass in historical engineering test data; establishing a water content line graph under a wet density-dry density coordinate system based on the dry density, the water content and the wet density of each measuring point on the rockfill body in historical engineering test data;
establishing a parameter peer-to-peer relationship between the rigidity and the wet density of the rockfill on each measuring point of the rockfill in historical engineering test data, and carrying out gridding coverage on the vibration-participating volume linear graph and the water content linear graph to obtain an additional mass method theoretical gauge plate, wherein the abscissa of the additional mass method theoretical gauge plate is wet density rho and rockfill rigidity K, and the ordinate of the additional mass method theoretical gauge plate is vibration-participating mass M and dry density rhod；
Selecting a measuring point on a rockfill body of a dam to be detected, acquiring the rigidity K and the vibration-participating mass M of the rockfill body by an additional mass method, and matching a corresponding vibration-participating volume V on a theoretical measuring plate of the additional mass method0And water content w based on the vibration volume V0And the moisture content w is used for obtaining the wet density rho and the dry density rho of the rock-fill bodyd。
2. The method for measuring the density of the rockfill mass based on the additional mass method theoretical measurement plate according to claim 1, wherein before establishing the reference volume rectilinear graph under the wet density-reference mass coordinate system, the method further comprises:
and defining the value range of each coordinate axis in the theoretical gauge plate of the additional mass method based on the maximum value and the minimum value of the mass participating in vibration, the wet density, the volume participating in vibration and the rockfill rigidity in the historical engineering test data.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the method of measuring the rock-fill bulk density is based on the oscillation volume V0And the moisture content w is used for obtaining the wet density rho and the dry density rho of the rock-fill bodydThe method specifically comprises the following steps:
based on rho-M/V0Calculating the wet density rho of the rockfill body;
based on ρ d ═ 1/(1+ w)]Rho, calculating to obtain the dry density rho of the rockfilld。
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the method is based on the oscillation volume V0And the water content w is added to obtain rho and dry density rho of the rockfilldAnd then, the method further comprises the following steps:
establishing an equivalent relation based on the abscissa and the ordinate in the theoretical measuring plate of the additional mass method, and directly searching corresponding wet density rho ', vibration-participating mass M' and dry density rho through the rockfill rigidity K on the theoretical measuring plate of the additional mass methodd’。
5. The rockfill density measurement method based on the additional mass method theoretical gauge plate according to claim 4, wherein the corresponding wet density ρ', the resonance mass M and the dry density ρ are directly searched for through the rockfill rigidity K on the additional mass method theoretical gauge plated' thereafter, further comprising:
calculating error values △ ρ, ρ d, and ρ for ρ and ρd' error value △ ρdIf △ ρAnd △ ρdIf the absolute value of (a) is within the set range, the data is judged to be valid.
6. The method for measuring the density of the rockfill body based on the additional mass method theoretical measurement plate according to claim 1, wherein the acquisition of the rockfill rigidity K and the resonance mass M of the rockfill body by the additional mass method specifically comprises:
and acquiring data signals under different additional masses by an additional mass method, and analyzing the data signals to obtain the rockfill rigidity K and the vibration participating mass M of the rockfill body.
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