CN108869221B - Working medium supply device and solid ablation pulse thruster - Google Patents
Working medium supply device and solid ablation pulse thruster Download PDFInfo
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- CN108869221B CN108869221B CN201810685484.6A CN201810685484A CN108869221B CN 108869221 B CN108869221 B CN 108869221B CN 201810685484 A CN201810685484 A CN 201810685484A CN 108869221 B CN108869221 B CN 108869221B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03H—PRODUCING A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03H1/00—Using plasma to produce a reactive propulsive thrust
- F03H1/0087—Electro-dynamic thrusters, e.g. pulsed plasma thrusters
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Abstract
The invention discloses a working medium supply device and a solid ablation impulse thruster, wherein the working medium supply device is used for the solid ablation impulse thruster, the solid ablation impulse thruster comprises a discharge device, the discharge device comprises a conductive anode and a conductive cathode, and the working medium supply device is characterized by comprising: a guide rail; the solid working media are arranged in the guide rail in a sliding manner; the solid working medium adjacent to the discharge device is at least partially clamped between the conductive anode and the conductive cathode; and the propelling device is used for pushing the solid working medium in the guide rail to slide towards the discharging device. The technical scheme of the invention improves the working stability and reliability of the solid ablation pulse thruster.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of thrusters, in particular to a working medium supply device and a solid ablation pulse type thruster.
Background
The solid ablation pulse type electric Thruster is an electric propulsion system with great advantages, wherein a typical Thruster, a Pulse Plasma Thruster (PPT), has the characteristics of low average power consumption, simple structure, light weight, small impulse and high specific impulse, and is widely applied to the flight tasks of micro-nano satellite orbit keeping, constellation site keeping, resistance compensation and the like. And the mass of the solid-state working tool carried by the thruster is limited by the installation space. The non-uniform distribution characteristic of plasma arc energy in the PPT discharge channel enables different ablation retraction rates to be achieved in different areas of the end face of the solid working medium, the discharge characteristic of the thruster is changed along with the increase of discharge working time, even the PPT is difficult to discharge and work, the PPT fails, and the working stability and reliability of the thruster are greatly affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a working medium supply device, aiming at improving the working stability and reliability of a solid ablation pulse type thruster.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a working medium supply device for a solid ablation impulse thruster, where the solid ablation impulse thruster includes a discharge device, the discharge device includes a conductive anode and a conductive cathode, and the working medium supply device includes:
a guide rail;
the solid working media are arranged in the guide rail in a sliding manner; the solid working medium adjacent to the discharge device is at least partially clamped between the conductive anode and the conductive cathode; and the number of the first and second groups,
and the propelling device is used for propelling the solid working medium in the guide rail to slide towards the discharging device.
Optionally, the solid working medium adjacent to the discharge device is attached to the end face between the adjacent solid working mediums.
Optionally, the propelling device is arranged at one end of the guide rail far away from the discharging device.
Optionally, the propelling means is any one of a spring, an electric pusher, a pneumatic pusher or a hydraulic pusher.
Optionally, the guide rail comprises a curved rail section.
Optionally, the curved track section is any one of a spiral, U-shaped or circuitous.
Optionally, the guide rail further comprises a straight rail section, and the curved rail section is connected with the straight rail section.
The invention also provides a solid ablation pulse thruster, which comprises the working medium supply device; and the discharging device is connected to the end part of the guide rail far away from the propelling device and comprises a conductive anode and a conductive cathode.
Optionally, the discharge device or the guide rail is provided with a limiting protrusion, and one end, which is close to the discharge device and is far away from the adjacent solid working medium, of the solid working medium abuts against the limiting protrusion to limit displacement of the solid working medium in the discharge device.
Optionally, the discharge device is provided with the limiting protrusion, and the limiting protrusion is arranged on the conductive anode and/or the conductive cathode.
According to the technical scheme, the plurality of solid working media are arranged in the guide rail in a sliding mode, the propulsion device pushes the solid working media to slide towards the discharge device, and continuous supply of the working media is achieved. After the solid working medium between the conductive anode and the conductive cathode is burnt by the electric arc, the subsequent solid working medium adjacent to the solid working medium is pushed between the conductive anode and the conductive cathode by the pushing device, the burning appearance of the solid working medium is not continued to the surface of the subsequent solid working medium, and the appearance of the subsequent solid working medium is not influenced by the ablation appearance of the previous solid working medium, so that the appearance of the ablation end face of the solid working medium exposed to the discharging device is updated by the subsequent solid working medium when one solid working medium is consumed, the phenomenon that the discharging working characteristics of the thruster are greatly changed due to different ablation retraction rates of different areas of the ablation end face of the working medium is avoided, and the working stability and reliability of the solid ablation impulse type thruster are improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the structures shown in the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a solid ablation pulsed thruster according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the conductive anode in fig. 1.
The reference numbers illustrate:
| reference numerals | Name (R) | Reference numerals | Name (R) |
| 100 | |
110 | |
| 120 | |
200 | Solid working |
| 300 | |
400 | |
| 410 | |
420 | |
| 430 | Spacing protrusion |
The implementation, functional features and advantages of the objects of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that, if directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, and back … …) are involved in the embodiment of the present invention, the directional indications are only used to explain the relative positional relationship between the components, the movement situation, and the like in a specific posture (as shown in the drawing), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indications are changed accordingly.
In addition, if there is a description of "first", "second", etc. in an embodiment of the present invention, the description of "first", "second", etc. is for descriptive purposes only and is not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, technical solutions between various embodiments may be combined with each other, but must be realized by a person skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a working medium supply device.
In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the working medium supply device is used for a solid ablation pulse thruster, the solid ablation pulse thruster includes a discharge device 400, the discharge device 400 includes a conductive anode 410 and a conductive cathode 420, and the working medium supply device includes:
a guide rail 100; the solid working mediums 200 are arranged in the guide rail 100 in a sliding mode; the solid working medium 200 adjacent to the discharge device 400 is at least partially clamped between the conductive anode 410 and the conductive cathode 420; and the propelling device 300, wherein the propelling device 300 is used for propelling the solid working medium 200 in the guide rail 100 to slide towards the discharging device 400. When the thruster discharges, an arc is generated between the conductive anode 410 and the conductive cathode 420 of the discharge device 400, the arc burns and ionizes the solid working medium 200 arranged between the conductive anode 410 and the conductive cathode 420, and the product is accelerated and sprayed under the combined action of lorentz force and aerodynamic force, so that thrust is generated. A plurality of the solid working mediums 200 are arranged in the guide rail 100, and after the solid working mediums 200 positioned between the conductive anode 410 and the conductive cathode 420 are burnt by electric arcs, a subsequent solid working fluid 200 adjacent to the solid working fluid 200 is propelled between the conductive anode 410 and the conductive cathode 420 by the propulsion means 300, the burning morphology of the solid working medium 200 does not continue to the surface of the subsequent solid working medium 200, the morphology of the subsequent solid working medium 200 is not affected by the ablation morphology of the previous solid working medium 200, therefore, after one solid working medium 200 is consumed, the appearance of the ablated end face of the solid working medium 200 fired by the conductive anode 410 and the conductive cathode 420 is updated by the subsequent solid working medium 200, the phenomenon that the discharge characteristic of the thruster is greatly changed due to excessive deformation caused by ablation of the end face of the working medium is avoided, and the working stability and reliability of the solid ablation pulse thruster are improved.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, the end surfaces of the solid working medium 200 adjacent to the discharge device 400 and the adjacent solid working medium 200 are attached, in this embodiment, the solid working medium 200 is a rectangular block, the end surfaces between the two adjacent solid working mediums 200 are planes, the end surfaces between the two adjacent solid working mediums 200 are attached, and the two adjacent solid working mediums 200 are tightly pressed without a gap, so that the process of the electric arc ablating the working medium is uninterrupted when the working medium is replaced. The end surface between the two adjacent solid working mediums 200 described in this embodiment is not limited to a plane, but may be a curved surface in other embodiments, and the end surfaces between the two adjacent solid working mediums are attached to each other, so that no gap is left between the two adjacent solid working mediums. The end face between the solid working medium adjacent to the discharge device and the adjacent solid working medium is not limited to be attached, and in other embodiments, the end face between the solid working medium adjacent to the discharge device and the adjacent solid working medium is partially abutted. The solid working medium described in this embodiment is not limited to a rectangular block, and in other embodiments, the solid working medium may also be cylindrical or rectangular sheet.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, the propelling device 300 is disposed at an end of the guide rail 100 far from the discharging device 400, and the propelling device 300 is connected to the guide rail 100. The propulsion device 300 abuts against the solid working medium 200 far away from the discharge device 400 in the track and applies pressure to the solid working medium 200, so that the solid working medium 200 in the guide rail 100 abuts against each other, and when the solid working medium 200 between the conductive anode 410 and the conductive cathode 420 is consumed, the propulsion device 300 pushes the subsequent solid working medium 200 to enter between the conductive anode 410 and the conductive cathode 420, and continuous supply of the solid working medium 200 is realized. The pushing device 300 of the present embodiment is not limited to be connected to the guide rail 100, and in other embodiments, the solid ablation pulsed thruster may include a housing, the guide rail is connected to an inner side of the housing, the pushing device is fixedly connected to the inner side of the housing, and the pushing device is located at an end of the guide rail away from the discharging device.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, the propulsion device 300 is a spring, one end of the spring is connected to the guide rail 100, the other end of the spring is abutted to the solid working medium 200, the spring is in a compressed state, and the free length of the spring is greater than the length of the guide rail 100. The spring has the advantages of simple structure, small volume, flexibility, extension, convenient installation, small mass and low price; the spring is small, conveniently sets up in guide rail 100, and need not to occupy other installation space, and the flexible shape that makes the spring can adapt to guide rail 100 of spring flexible, when guide rail 100 is crooked shape, the spring still can freely stretch out and draw back in guide rail 100, and the spring can be fixed through modes such as fix with screw, welding, joint in guide rail 100, and the installation is simple, is favorable to improving the assembly efficiency of solid ablation pulsed thrustor. The propulsion device 300 is not limited to a spring in this embodiment, but in other embodiments, the propulsion device may be an electric propeller, the electric propeller is more stable in limiting the solid working medium, when the solid ablation impulse type thruster works, the solid working medium is subjected to the reverse thrust of the propulsion particles, the electric propeller can limit the solid working medium to move to the electric propeller, and the stability of the position of the solid working medium when the solid ablation impulse type thruster works is improved, so that the stability and reliability of the solid ablation impulse type thruster in working are improved; alternatively, a pneumatic pusher; alternatively, a hydraulic pusher.
Further, in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the guide rail 100 includes a straight rail section 110, the straight rail section 110 is provided with at least two solid working mediums 200, the discharge device 400 is disposed on the straight rail section 110, an end surface portion of the solid working medium 200 located between the conductive anode 410 and the conductive cathode 420 is ablated by an electric arc, after the working medium of the end surface portion is consumed, the propulsion device 300 propels the solid working medium 200 into the discharge device 400 so that the electric arc can ablate an end surface of the remaining portion of the solid working medium 200, and the solid working medium 200 is ablated and ionized layer by the electric arc and accelerated to be ejected to generate a propulsion force; the side edge of the solid working medium 200, which is opposite to the track, is set to be a straight line, so that the feeding speed of the part, close to the conductive cathode 420, of the solid working medium 200 is consistent with that of the part, close to the conductive anode 410, of the part, close to the conductive cathode 410, of the solid working medium 200, the mass distribution of each layer of ablated solid working medium 200 between the conductive anode 410 and the conductive cathode 420 is more uniform, so that the pushing force of the solid ablation impulse type thruster between the conductive anode 410 and the conductive cathode 420 is more uniform, the working stability of the solid ablation impulse type thruster is improved, in order to match with the straight side edge of the solid working medium 200, the part, close to the discharge device 400, of the guide rail 100 is set to be a straight rail, the supply of the solid working medium 200 is facilitated, meanwhile.
Further, in the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the guide rail 100 further includes a curved rail segment 120, and the curved rail segment 120 is connected to the straight rail segment 110. The existing solid ablation pulse thruster generally arranges the guide rail 100 as a straight rail, arranges a whole piece of long strip-shaped solid working medium 200 in the guide rail 100, and feeds the solid working medium to the discharge channel 400 under the pushing of the pushing device 300 so as to generate thrust for the thruster to perform discharge ablation. The solid ablation impulse thruster is applied to a micro-nano satellite and is greatly restricted by the installation space, so that the length of the traditional straight rail is often restricted, and the quantity of the solid working medium 200 installed in the straight rail is also restricted; the guide rail 100 of this embodiment includes the bend section 120, and the bend section 120 can be according to the crooked setting of installation space for the length of guide rail 100 is bigger, in order to obtain bigger solid working medium 200 capacity, thereby satisfies the application index requirement of thruster long-life, high total towards. The guide rail 100 of the embodiment is provided with a plurality of solid working mediums 200 to adapt to the curved rail section 120, so that the solid working mediums 200 can slide in the curved rail and can enter the discharge device 400 under the pushing of the propelling device to realize the supply of the working mediums. The guide rail 100 described in this embodiment is not limited to the above technical solution, and in other embodiments, the guide rail may include a plurality of curved rail sections and a plurality of straight rail sections, and the curved rail sections and the straight rail sections are arranged at intervals; or the guide rail only comprises a curved rail section, the solid working medium is an elastic sheet, and the plurality of solid working mediums close to the discharge device are seamlessly attached under the extrusion of the propulsion device.
Further, in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the curved rail section 120 is in a spiral shape, the straight rail section 110 is connected to the front end of the curved rail section 120, and the spring is connected to the rear end of the curved rail section 120 and can extend and contract along the bending direction of the curved rail section 120. The curved track segment 120 described in this embodiment is not limited to a spiral shape, but may be a U shape in other embodiments; or a meander type.
Further, in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the solid working medium 200 is a polytetrafluoroethylene working medium, and polytetrafluoroethylene has good vacuum physical properties such as non-adhesion at low temperature, non-embrittlement, no outgassing in vacuum, and self-lubrication. The solid working medium 200 is not limited to polytetrafluoroethylene, but in other embodiments, the solid working medium may be polyethylene; or, the solid working medium is polypropylene; the solid working medium can also be a composite material of polytetrafluoroethylene and metal.
The invention further provides a solid ablation pulse type electric thruster, which comprises a discharging device and a working medium supply device, the specific structure of the working medium supply device refers to the above embodiments, and the solid ablation pulse type electric thruster adopts all the technical schemes of all the above embodiments, so that the solid ablation pulse type electric thruster at least has all the beneficial effects brought by the technical schemes of the above embodiments, and the details are not repeated herein. Wherein the discharge device 400 is connected to the end of the guide rail 100 far away from the propulsion device 300, and the discharge device 400 comprises a conductive anode 410 and a conductive cathode 420.
Further, in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the discharge device 400 is provided with a limiting protrusion 430, the limiting protrusion 430 is disposed on an inner side surface of the conductive anode 410, one end of the solid working medium 200 adjacent to the discharge device 400, which is far away from the adjacent solid working medium 200, abuts against the limiting protrusion 430 to limit displacement of the solid working medium 200 located in the discharge device 400, one end of the solid working medium 200 located in the discharge device 400 is pressed by the propelling device 300, and the other end is abutted by the limiting protrusion 430, so that the position of the solid working medium 200 is stable. The limiting protrusion 430 of the present invention is not limited to the above technical solution, and in other embodiments, the discharging device may be provided with a limiting protrusion, and the limiting protrusion is disposed on an inner side surface of a conductive cathode of the discharging device; or the discharge device is provided with a limiting bulge, and the limiting bulge is arranged on the inner side surfaces of the conductive cathode and the conductive anode of the discharge device; or the guide rail between the conductive anode and the conductive cathode is provided with a limiting bulge, and one end, far away from the adjacent solid working medium, of the solid working medium close to the discharge device is abutted to the limiting bulge so as to limit the displacement of the solid working medium in the discharge device.
According to the technical scheme, the guide rail 100 is provided with the plurality of solid working mediums 200, the solid working mediums 200 slide in the guide rail 100, and the propelling device 300 is used for pushing the solid working mediums 200 in the guide rail 100 to slide towards the discharging device 400 so as to ablate the electric arc between the conductive anode 410 and the conductive cathode 420, so that a propelling force is generated. After the solid working medium 200 in the discharge device 400 is consumed, the subsequent solid working medium 200 is pushed into the discharge device 400 by the pushing device 300, and the appearance of the subsequent solid working medium 200 is not influenced by the burning appearance of the previous solid working medium 200, so that when each new solid working medium 200 enters the discharge device 400, the solid ablation impulse type thruster is corrected for once, and the solid ablation impulse type thruster is enabled to keep a good, stable and reliable working state; the guide rail 100 comprises the curved rail section 120, the curved rail section 120 can be bent according to the installation space, the installation space is fully utilized, the length of the rail is increased, the carrying capacity of the solid working medium 200 is increased, and the service life of the solid ablation pulse type thruster is prolonged; the guide rail 100 comprises a straight rail section 110, the discharge device 400 is arranged on the straight rail section 110, end faces between adjacent solid working media on the straight rail section 110 are attached conveniently, the working media can continuously enter the discharge device 400 conveniently, and the working stability of the solid ablation pulse type thruster is improved.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications and equivalents of the present invention, which are made by the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or directly/indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A working medium supply device for a solid ablation pulse type thruster, the solid ablation pulse type thruster comprises a discharge device, the discharge device comprises a conductive anode and a conductive cathode, and the working medium supply device is characterized by comprising:
the guide rail comprises a curved rail section and a straight rail section, the curved rail section is connected with the straight rail section, and the discharge device is arranged on the straight rail section;
the solid working media are arranged in the guide rail in a sliding manner; the solid working medium adjacent to the discharge device is at least partially clamped between the conductive anode and the conductive cathode; and the number of the first and second groups,
and the propelling device is used for propelling the solid working medium in the guide rail to slide towards the discharging device.
2. Working medium supply device according to claim 1, characterised in that the end faces between the solid working medium adjacent to the discharge device and the adjacent solid working medium abut.
3. Working medium supply device according to claim 1, characterised in that the propulsion device is arranged at the end of the guide rail remote from the discharge device.
4. Working medium supply device according to claim 1, characterised in that the propulsion means is any of a spring, an electric, a pneumatic or a hydraulic propulsion.
5. The working fluid supply device according to claim 1, wherein the curved track section is any one of a spiral type, a U type or a circuitous type.
6. A solid ablation pulsed thruster, comprising:
the working medium supply device is the working medium supply device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5; and the number of the first and second groups,
the discharging device is connected to the end, far away from the propelling device, of the guide rail and comprises a conductive anode and a conductive cathode.
7. The solid ablation pulsed thruster of claim 6, wherein the discharge device or the guide rail is provided with a limit protrusion, and one end of the solid working medium adjacent to the discharge device, which is far away from the adjacent solid working medium, abuts against the limit protrusion to limit displacement of the solid working medium in the discharge device.
8. The solid ablation pulsed thruster of claim 7, wherein the discharging device is provided with the limiting protrusion, and the limiting protrusion is arranged on the conductive anode and/or the conductive cathode.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810685484.6A CN108869221B (en) | 2018-06-27 | 2018-06-27 | Working medium supply device and solid ablation pulse thruster |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810685484.6A CN108869221B (en) | 2018-06-27 | 2018-06-27 | Working medium supply device and solid ablation pulse thruster |
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| CN108869221A CN108869221A (en) | 2018-11-23 |
| CN108869221B true CN108869221B (en) | 2020-03-24 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109578234B (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2020-03-17 | 兰州空间技术物理研究所 | Working medium supply assembly of pulse plasma thruster |
| CN115234459B (en) * | 2022-08-30 | 2023-10-20 | 兰州空间技术物理研究所 | High discharge stability's micropulse plasma thruster nozzle assembly |
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| CN102297105A (en) * | 2011-08-10 | 2011-12-28 | 上海交通大学 | Pulsed plasma thruster with ceramic nozzles arranged on sidewalls |
| JP2013174204A (en) * | 2012-02-27 | 2013-09-05 | Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency | Pulse type propelling machine unit |
| FR3002594A1 (en) * | 2013-02-26 | 2014-08-29 | Snecma | SPIRAL PROPULSION MODULE WITH ELECTRIC PROPULSION AND CHEMICAL PROPERGOL SOLID |
| US9021782B1 (en) * | 2010-08-24 | 2015-05-05 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration | Aerospace laser ignition/ablation variable high precision thruster |
| CN106640568A (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2017-05-10 | 北京精密机电控制设备研究所 | Bipolar solid ablation type plasma accelerator |
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2018
- 2018-06-27 CN CN201810685484.6A patent/CN108869221B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9021782B1 (en) * | 2010-08-24 | 2015-05-05 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration | Aerospace laser ignition/ablation variable high precision thruster |
| CN102297105A (en) * | 2011-08-10 | 2011-12-28 | 上海交通大学 | Pulsed plasma thruster with ceramic nozzles arranged on sidewalls |
| JP2013174204A (en) * | 2012-02-27 | 2013-09-05 | Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency | Pulse type propelling machine unit |
| FR3002594A1 (en) * | 2013-02-26 | 2014-08-29 | Snecma | SPIRAL PROPULSION MODULE WITH ELECTRIC PROPULSION AND CHEMICAL PROPERGOL SOLID |
| CN106640568A (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2017-05-10 | 北京精密机电控制设备研究所 | Bipolar solid ablation type plasma accelerator |
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