CN108866408A - A kind of low cost high-ductility wrought magnesium alloy - Google Patents
A kind of low cost high-ductility wrought magnesium alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN108866408A CN108866408A CN201811002982.2A CN201811002982A CN108866408A CN 108866408 A CN108866408 A CN 108866408A CN 201811002982 A CN201811002982 A CN 201811002982A CN 108866408 A CN108866408 A CN 108866408A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C23/00—Alloys based on magnesium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/06—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of magnesium or alloys based thereon
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of inexpensive high-ductility wrought magnesium alloy, the magnesium alloy is made of Mg, Mn and low content Al, and the mass percentage of each component is Mn：0.5 ~ 4.0%, Al：0.1 ~ 0.5%, surplus is magnesium and inevitable impurity.In Mg-Al-Mn ternary system, manganese forms aluminium manganese phase with aluminium element, manganese element more than needed forms simple substance manganese phase, using the extrusion process under lower temperature in preparation process, high plastic magnesium alloy material is prepared, is suitable for 3C Product shell, leisure goods load-carrying members and aerospace components etc., the material preparation process is simple, it is at low cost, there is good industrialization prospect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to metal material fields, in particular to a kind of inexpensive high-ductility wrought magnesium alloy.
Background technique
With the aggravation of environmental issue, industrial lightweight is received more and more attention.Magnesium alloy is as most light metal
Structural material has vital effect in industrial lightweight application.Magnesium alloy not only has good energy-saving and emission-reduction special
Sign, while a kind of still green engineering material being easily recycled, become the fields lightweight such as aerospace and communications and transportation
Preferred material in design.
Future society answers a large amount of development and application magnesium alloys to have become the widespread consensus of people, however the crystal structure of magnesium is
Close-packed hexagonal structure, independent slip-system is less, causes its alloy plasticity poor, and deformation processing is difficult at room temperature, serious to restrict
Its development and application, therefore research and develop the primary direction that high plastic magnesium alloy is magnesium alloy development.It is usually used in making at present
The deformed magnesium alloy material of standby high-ductility is mainly to add rare earth Gd, based on Nd, Y, and element species are more, right rare earth member
Plain price is high, resource is limited, not only has certain limitation in industrial mass production, but also the profile of big specification is raw
Produce it is difficult, while at present high plastic magnesium alloy generally add high-content rare earth element heavy rare earth Gd, than great, high-content adds
Add, has also seriously affected the light-weighted effect of alloy.Based on this, Pan the applicant's demutation, Tang Ai great waves project team research and development " it is low at
This high-performance Mg-Al-Mn magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof "（CN2016101998527）Stage is achieved as scientific achievement
Progress；Although the mechanical performances such as intensity, toughness and formability are better than traditional commercial magnesium alloy AZ31, still cannot
It is more demanding for ductility and yield strength to meet 3C Product shell, leisure goods load-carrying members and aerospace components etc.
Demand.
In view of this, inexpensive high plastic magnesium alloy of the research without rare earth, which becomes those skilled in the art, to be solved ask
Topic.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of inexpensive high plastic deformation's magnesium
Alloy, solves wrought magnesium alloy ductility and yield strength is not able to satisfy needed for load-carrying members and aerospace components etc. and asks
Topic, and avoid meeting the needs of inexpensive using rare earth element.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, present invention employs the following technical solutions：A kind of low cost high plastic deformation
Magnesium alloy, the magnesium alloy are mainly made of Mg, Mn and low content Al, and each composition quality percentage composition is Mn：0.5 ~ 4.0%,
Al：0.1 ~ 0.5%, surplus is magnesium and inevitable impurity.Preparation method includes the following steps：
1）Using pure magnesium ingot, fine aluminium ingot, magnesium manganese intermediate alloy as raw material, mechanical grinding is carried out（Remove surface oxide layer）, by above-mentioned
Component ingredient；
2）By pure magnesium, fine aluminium and magnesium manganese intermediate alloy in 300 DEG C of 30 ~ 40min of preheating, then pure magnesium ingot is placed in resistance furnace,
It is 1 in volume ratio:99 SF6And CO2Mixed gas protection under be completely melt it, Serum Magnesium temperature is warming up to 720 DEG C
After stabilization, magnesium manganese intermediate alloy and fine aluminium ingot are added in the Serum Magnesium being completely melt, when temperature rises to 700 ~
At 740 DEG C, alloy is poured into the mold for being preheated to 300 DEG C after keeping the temperature 10min, obtains magnesium alloy ingot after cooling；
3）The magnesium alloy ingot that step 2) is obtained is machined to specified size, obtains magnesium alloy extrusion blank；
4）Using extrusion die by step 3）Then obtained magnesium alloy extrusion blank exists in 200 ~ 300 DEG C of 1.5 ~ 3.0h of preheating
Hot extrusion is carried out to the magnesium alloy extrusion blank at 200 ~ 300 DEG C and obtains magnesium alloy rod, the magnesium alloy rod is air-cooled
To room temperature to get to inexpensive high-ductility wrought magnesium alloy.Extrusion ratio >=25 in the hot extrusion：1, extrusion speed is 0.5 ~ 30
m/min。
Al is set all to form compound with Mn, not in Mg matrix by significantly reducing the content of Al element using the present invention
Middle solid solution；And the Mn-Al content for controlling Mg-Mn-Al alloy is lower than 5 wt. %, greatest member solid solution capacity is lower than 2 in alloy substrate
Wt. %, the resistance of deformation between lattice is very low, has preferable forming capacity, is advantageously implemented lower temperature and faster becomes
Modification material is prepared under shape speed.In this way, in lower temperature（200 ~ 300 DEG C, preferably extrusion temperature is 200 ~ 240 DEG C）It is lower to squeeze
Pressure energy enough effectively prevent the abnormal growth of recrystal grain, so that final alloy material be promoted to form fine grained texture.Further, exist
Biggish plastic deformation is carried out at lower temperature, so that the modification material microstructure more fine uniform formed, has preferably
Plasticity, the magnesium alloy materials of preparation have high-ductility.
Compared with prior art, Mg-Mn-Al of the present invention has the advantages that：
Firstly, the present invention furthers investigate Mg-Mn-Al ternary system, discovery significantly reduces the content of Al element, and makes it
Component content is Mn 0.5 ~ 4.0%, Al 0.1 ~ 0.50%, when surplus is magnesium and inevitable impurity, lower Al content energy
It is enough to react to form nanoscale Al-Mn phase with Mn, while being neither dissolved nor being formed Mg17Al12Eutectic phase reduces Al solid solution capacity
It can reduce distortion of lattice, reduce lattice drag, be conducive to further deform；No eutectic phase can reduce crystal boundary precipitation, mention
The dispersion-strengthened effect of high second phase；Eutectic phase fusing point is low, also unfavorable for the high-temperature behavior of alloy, therefore reduces eutectic phase and deposit
Be conducive to the high temperature resistance for improving alloy.
Secondly, the content for reducing Al element makes Al all form compound with Mn, it is not dissolved in Mg matrix；And Mn element
Solid solubility is lower in Mg matrix, it is difficult to which generating component segregation leads to ingot casting uneven components, equal there is no need to carry out before squeezing
Homogenize heat treatment process.Wherein, the content of Mn-Al is low（Total content is lower than 5 wt. %）Greatest member is dissolved in its alloy substrate
Amount is lower than 2 wt. %, and the resistance of deformation between lattice is very low, has preferable forming capacity, and it is high to be advantageously implemented lower temperature
Speed deformation.In the alloy system, Mn-Al element is conventional element, and alloying level is lower, after being added in magnesium, manganese and aluminium member
Element forms aluminium manganese phase, and manganese element more than needed forms simple substance manganese phase, that is, there is two kind of second phase of Al-Mn phase and simple substance Mn.It is squeezing
In the process, both mutually can promote Recrystallization nucleation, generate tiny recrystal grain, weaken texture, promote the modeling of alloy
Property.
Third, the present invention creatively propose on the basis of Mg-Mn-Al ternary system in lower temperature 200 ~ 300
The abnormal growth that can effectively prevent recrystal grain is squeezed at DEG C, so that final alloy material be promoted to form fine grained texture.Into
One step carries out biggish plastic deformation at a lower temperature, the modification material microstructure more fine uniform then formed, tool
The magnesium alloy materials of standby preferable plasticity, preparation have high-ductility, achieve unexpected technical effect；Low-temperature and high-speed simultaneously
Deformation is conducive to energy saving, raising production efficiency, reduction production cost.
In addition, raw material magnesium, manganese and aluminium element used in the present invention are conventional element, cheap, preparation process is simple,
Preparation efficiency is high, energy saving, is readily produced agglomerate body material, is not necessarily to solution treatment, can be used directly.
To sum up, the present invention creatively pass through significantly reduce Al element content, and by lower temperature squeeze with
Technique adjustment realizes significantly improving for the elongation percentage of Mg-Mn-Al magnesium alloy materials, yield strength and intensity；Magnesium alloy of the present invention
For material while plasticity is much better than existing similar high plastic magnesium alloy, yield strength also has biggish promotion.Its elongation percentage reaches
To 23.4 ~ 34.2%, yield strength can reach 207 ~ 278MPa, be suitable for 3C Product shell, leisure goods load-carrying members and aviation
Space flight components etc. have good industrialization prospect.As it can be seen that technically achieving unexpected technical effect.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
It should be noted that pure magnesium described in following embodiment and commercial-purity aluminium purity are all 99% or more；Magnesium manganese
Intermediate alloy is added in the form of Mg-5Mn.Melting and casting step carry out under a shielding gas, and protective gas uses body
Product is than being 1:99 SF6And CO2Mixed gas.Percentage involved in embodiment is mass percent.
Embodiment 1
1）Using pure magnesium ingot, fine aluminium ingot, magnesium manganese intermediate alloy as raw material, mechanical grinding is carried out, by Mn：1.0%, Al：0.3%, surplus
Calculating ingredient is carried out for the mass percentage of magnesium and inevitable impurity；
2）By pure magnesium, fine aluminium and magnesium manganese intermediate alloy in 300 DEG C of preheating 30min, then pure magnesium ingot is placed in resistance furnace, in body
Product is than being 1:99 SF6And CO2Mixed gas protection under be completely melt it, Serum Magnesium temperature is warming up to 720 DEG C of stabilizations
Afterwards, magnesium manganese intermediate alloy and fine aluminium ingot are added in the Serum Magnesium being completely melt, when temperature rises to 720 DEG C,
Alloy is poured into the mold for being preheated to 300 DEG C after heat preservation 10min, obtains magnesium alloy ingot after cooling；
3）By step 2）Obtained magnesium alloy ingot is machined to specified size, obtains magnesium alloy extrusion blank；
4）Using extrusion die by step 3）Obtained magnesium alloy extrusion blank is in 240 DEG C of 1.5 h of preheating, then at 240 DEG C
Hot extrusion, extrusion ratio 25 are carried out to the magnesium alloy extrusion blank：1, extrusion speed 15m/min obtain magnesium alloy rod, will
The magnesium alloy rod it is air-cooled to room temperature to get to inexpensive high-ductility wrought magnesium alloy.
Embodiment 2
1）Using pure magnesium ingot, fine aluminium ingot, magnesium manganese intermediate alloy as raw material, mechanical grinding is carried out, by Mn：0.5%, Al：0.5%, surplus
Calculating ingredient is carried out for the mass percentage of magnesium and inevitable impurity；
2）By pure magnesium, fine aluminium and magnesium manganese intermediate alloy in 300 DEG C of preheating 30min, then pure magnesium ingot is placed in resistance furnace, in body
Product is than being 1:99 SF6And CO2Mixed gas protection under be completely melt it, Serum Magnesium temperature is warming up to 720 DEG C of stabilizations
Afterwards, magnesium manganese intermediate alloy and fine aluminium ingot are added in the Serum Magnesium being completely melt, when temperature rises to 700 DEG C,
Alloy is poured into the mold for being preheated to 300 DEG C after heat preservation 10min, obtains magnesium alloy ingot after cooling；
3）The magnesium alloy ingot that step 2) is obtained is machined to specified size, obtains magnesium alloy extrusion blank；
4）Using extrusion die by step 3）Obtained magnesium alloy extrusion blank is then right at 200 DEG C in 200 DEG C of preheating 1.5h
The magnesium alloy extrusion blank carries out hot extrusion, extrusion ratio 30:1, extrusion speed 25m/min obtain magnesium alloy rod, by institute
State magnesium alloy rod it is air-cooled to room temperature to get to inexpensive high-ductility wrought magnesium alloy.
Embodiment 3
1）Using pure magnesium ingot, fine aluminium ingot, magnesium manganese intermediate alloy as raw material, mechanical grinding is carried out, by Mn：0.5%, Al：0.1%, surplus
Calculating ingredient is carried out for the mass percentage of magnesium and inevitable impurity；
2）By pure magnesium, fine aluminium and magnesium manganese intermediate alloy in 300 DEG C of preheating 30min, then pure magnesium ingot is placed in resistance furnace, in body
Product is than being 1:99 SF6And CO2Mixed gas protection under be completely melt it, Serum Magnesium temperature is warming up to 720 DEG C of stabilizations
Afterwards, magnesium manganese intermediate alloy and fine aluminium ingot are added in the Serum Magnesium being completely melt, when temperature rises to 720 DEG C,
Alloy is poured into the mold for being preheated to 300 DEG C after heat preservation 10min, obtains magnesium alloy ingot after cooling；
3）The magnesium alloy ingot that step 2) is obtained is machined to specified size, obtains magnesium alloy extrusion blank；
4）Using extrusion die by step 3）Obtained magnesium alloy extrusion blank is then right at 200 DEG C in 200 DEG C of preheating 1.5h
The magnesium alloy extrusion blank carries out hot extrusion, extrusion ratio 30：1, extrusion speed 30m/min obtain magnesium alloy rod, by institute
State magnesium alloy rod it is air-cooled to room temperature to get to inexpensive high-ductility wrought magnesium alloy.
Embodiment 4
1）Using pure magnesium ingot, fine aluminium ingot, magnesium manganese intermediate alloy as raw material, mechanical grinding is carried out, by Mn：2.0%, Al：0.5%, surplus
Calculating ingredient is carried out for the mass percentage of magnesium and inevitable impurity；
2）By pure magnesium, fine aluminium and magnesium manganese intermediate alloy in 300 DEG C of preheating 30min, then pure magnesium ingot is placed in resistance furnace, in body
Product is than being 1:99 SF6And CO2Mixed gas protection under be completely melt it, Serum Magnesium temperature is warming up to 720 DEG C of stabilizations
Afterwards, magnesium manganese intermediate alloy and fine aluminium ingot are added in the Serum Magnesium being completely melt, when temperature rises to 720 DEG C,
Alloy is poured into the mold for being preheated to 300 DEG C after heat preservation 10min, obtains magnesium alloy ingot after cooling；
3）The magnesium alloy ingot that step 2) is obtained is machined to specified size, obtains magnesium alloy extrusion blank；
4）Using extrusion die by step 3）Obtained magnesium alloy extrusion blank is then right at 280 DEG C in 280 DEG C of preheating 2.0h
The magnesium alloy extrusion blank carries out hot extrusion, extrusion ratio 40:1, extrusion speed 10m/min obtain magnesium alloy rod, by institute
State magnesium alloy rod it is air-cooled to room temperature to get to inexpensive high-ductility wrought magnesium alloy.
Embodiment 5
1）Using pure magnesium ingot, fine aluminium ingot, magnesium manganese intermediate alloy as raw material, mechanical grinding is carried out, by Mn：3.0%, Al：0.5%, surplus
Calculating ingredient is carried out for the mass percentage of magnesium and inevitable impurity；
2）By pure magnesium, fine aluminium and magnesium manganese intermediate alloy in 300 DEG C of preheating 30min, then pure magnesium ingot is placed in resistance furnace, in body
Product is than being 1:99 SF6And CO2Mixed gas protection under be completely melt it, Serum Magnesium temperature is warming up to 720 DEG C of stabilizations
Afterwards, magnesium manganese intermediate alloy and fine aluminium ingot are added in the Serum Magnesium being completely melt, when temperature rises to 740 DEG C,
Alloy is poured into the mold for being preheated to 300 DEG C after heat preservation 10min, obtains magnesium alloy ingot after cooling；
3）The magnesium alloy ingot that step 2) is obtained is machined to specified size, obtains magnesium alloy extrusion blank；
4）Using extrusion die by step 3）Obtained magnesium alloy extrusion blank is then right at 280 DEG C in 280 DEG C of preheating 2.0h
The magnesium alloy extrusion blank carries out hot extrusion, extrusion ratio 80:1, extrusion speed 10m/min obtain magnesium alloy rod, by institute
State magnesium alloy rod it is air-cooled to room temperature to get to inexpensive high-ductility wrought magnesium alloy.
Two, performance verification
Using GB/T 228.1:2010 standards design tensile sample, and rate of extension is 1.5 mm/s, prepare to embodiment 1 ~ 5
Magnesium alloy is tested, and the results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1
| Embodiment | Mn | Al | Mg | Tensile strength（MPa） | Yield strength（MPa） | Elongation percentage |
| Embodiment 1 | 1.0% | 0.3% | Surplus | 248 | 240 | 31% |
| Embodiment 2 | 0.5% | 0.5% | Surplus | 288 | 278 | 23.4% |
| Embodiment 3 | 0.5% | 0.1% | Surplus | 244 | 227 | 30.3% |
| Embodiment 4 | 2.0% | 0.5% | Surplus | 253 | 244 | 27% |
| Embodiment 5 | 3.0% | 0.5% | Surplus | 215 | 207 | 34.2% |
As can be seen from Table 1, the elongation percentage of Mg-Al-Mn magnesium alloy materials prepared by the present invention can reach 23.4 ~ 34.2%, surrender
Intensity can reach 207 ~ 278MPa, and compared with similar products, magnesium alloy materials of the present invention are much better than existing high-ductility in plasticity
While magnesium alloy, yield strength also has biggish promotion.It navigates suitable for 3C Product shell, leisure goods load-carrying members and aviation
Its components etc. have good industrialization prospect.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not limitation with the present invention, all in essence of the invention
Made any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention within mind and principle.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of low cost high-ductility wrought magnesium alloy, which is characterized in that its component content is：Mn 0.5 ~ 4.0%, Al 0.1 ~
0.5%, surplus is magnesium and inevitable impurity；Preparation method includes the following steps：
1）Ingredient is calculated by said components；Using pure magnesium ingot, fine aluminium ingot, magnesium manganese intermediate alloy as raw material, mechanical grinding is carried out；
2）By pure magnesium, fine aluminium and magnesium manganese intermediate alloy in 300 DEG C of preheating 30min, then pure magnesium ingot is placed in resistance furnace, in body
Product is than being 1:99 SF6And CO2Mixed gas protection under make it be completely melt to obtain Serum Magnesium, by the Serum Magnesium temperature
After being warming up to 720 DEG C of stabilizations, magnesium manganese intermediate alloy and fine aluminium ingot are added in the Serum Magnesium being completely melt, temperature is worked as
When rising to 700 ~ 740 DEG C, alloy is poured into the mold for being preheated to 300 DEG C after keeping the temperature 10min, obtains magnesium alloy after cooling
Ingot casting；
3）By step 2）Obtained magnesium alloy ingot is machined to specified size, obtains magnesium alloy extrusion blank；
4）Using extrusion die by step 3）Then obtained magnesium alloy extrusion blank exists in 200 ~ 300 DEG C of 1.5 ~ 3.0h of preheating
Hot extrusion is carried out to the magnesium alloy extrusion blank at 200 ~ 300 DEG C and obtains magnesium alloy rod, the magnesium alloy rod is air-cooled
To room temperature to get to inexpensive high-ductility wrought magnesium alloy.
2. inexpensive high-ductility wrought magnesium alloy according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step 4）The extrusion temperature
It is 200 ~ 240 DEG C.
3. inexpensive high-ductility wrought magnesium alloy according to claim 1, which is characterized in that its component content is：Mn 0.5~
3.0%, Al 0.1 ~ 0.5%, surplus are magnesium and inevitable impurity.
4. inexpensive high-ductility wrought magnesium alloy according to claim 1, which is characterized in that extrusion ratio in the hot extrusion >=
25：1, extrusion speed is 0.5 ~ 30 m/min.
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| CN201811002982.2A CN108866408B (en) | 2018-08-30 | 2018-08-30 | Low-cost high-plastic deformation magnesium alloy |
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| CN108866408B CN108866408B (en) | 2021-01-26 |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111455243A (en) * | 2020-05-21 | 2020-07-28 | 东北大学 | Mg-Ca-Mn-Al-Zn series wrought magnesium alloy with high Mn content and preparation method thereof |
| CN112210735A (en) * | 2020-10-22 | 2021-01-12 | 重庆科技学院 | Preparation method of magnesium alloy plate with gradient structure |
| CN113897525A (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2022-01-07 | 重庆科技学院 | Magnesium alloy material capable of being plastically processed at room temperature |
| CN114411030A (en) * | 2022-01-21 | 2022-04-29 | 重庆大学 | High-plasticity magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof |
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| JP2010077516A (en) * | 2008-09-29 | 2010-04-08 | Toyota Central R&D Labs Inc | Magnesium alloy |
| CN105603281A (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2016-05-25 | 重庆大学 | Low-cost high-performance Mg-Al-Mn magnesium alloy |
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| JP2010077516A (en) * | 2008-09-29 | 2010-04-08 | Toyota Central R&D Labs Inc | Magnesium alloy |
| CN105603281A (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2016-05-25 | 重庆大学 | Low-cost high-performance Mg-Al-Mn magnesium alloy |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111455243A (en) * | 2020-05-21 | 2020-07-28 | 东北大学 | Mg-Ca-Mn-Al-Zn series wrought magnesium alloy with high Mn content and preparation method thereof |
| CN112210735A (en) * | 2020-10-22 | 2021-01-12 | 重庆科技学院 | Preparation method of magnesium alloy plate with gradient structure |
| CN112210735B (en) * | 2020-10-22 | 2021-12-28 | 重庆科技学院 | Preparation method of magnesium alloy plate with gradient structure |
| CN113897525A (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2022-01-07 | 重庆科技学院 | Magnesium alloy material capable of being plastically processed at room temperature |
| CN114411030A (en) * | 2022-01-21 | 2022-04-29 | 重庆大学 | High-plasticity magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof |
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