CN108865293A - A method of utilizing woody oleiferous plants biodiesel synthesis - Google Patents
A method of utilizing woody oleiferous plants biodiesel synthesis Download PDFInfo
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- CN108865293A CN108865293A CN201810687835.7A CN201810687835A CN108865293A CN 108865293 A CN108865293 A CN 108865293A CN 201810687835 A CN201810687835 A CN 201810687835A CN 108865293 A CN108865293 A CN 108865293A
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- biodiesel
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/02—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11C—FATTY ACIDS FROM FATS, OILS OR WAXES; CANDLES; FATS, OILS OR FATTY ACIDS BY CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF FATS, OILS, OR FATTY ACIDS OBTAINED THEREFROM
- C11C3/00—Fats, oils, or fatty acids by chemical modification of fats, oils, or fatty acids obtained therefrom
- C11C3/04—Fats, oils, or fatty acids by chemical modification of fats, oils, or fatty acids obtained therefrom by esterification of fats or fatty oils
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
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- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods using woody oleiferous plants biodiesel synthesis, are that blender is added in woody oleiferous plants, add the inorganic agent being made of polyacrylamide and attapulgite, and stirring is separated by filtration；Reaction kettle is added in pure woody oleiferous plants, methanol and catalyst, esterification 0.5-2h, centrifugation, stratification, upper layer is biodiesel crude product；The catalyst is made of four (pentafluorophenyl group) metalloporphyrins and sodium citrate；Rectifying column is added in biodiesel crude product, ethanol amine and ethyl alcohol, rectifying carries out depickling processing, remaining liquid after rectifying, as biodiesel product at 100-120 DEG C；Pour-point depressant and surfactant are added in biodiesel product, mixed at high speed is uniformly to get biodiesel oil product.Biodiesel prepared by the present invention has many advantages, such as that good low condensation point, low acid value, stability, with high purity, high combustion efficiency, raw material sources are extensive, low in cost, industrialized production easy to accomplish, brings new development opportunity for China's forestry industry.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of fuel oil, specifically a kind of method using woody oleiferous plants biodiesel synthesis.
Background technique
With China's rapid development of economy, a large amount of burnings of fossil fuel cause seriously to environment and people's lives
Influence.Limited fossil energy and the environmental problem got worse, so that there is an urgent need to a kind of sustainable developments by people
Green energy resource.Biodiesel refers to oil crops such as soybean, rape, cotton, palm etc., Wild oil plant and engineering microalgae etc.
Water plant grease and animal fat, food garbage oil etc. are that feedstock oil can generation made of transesterification or thermochemical processes
For the reproducibility diesel fuel of petrifaction diesel.China is the relatively poor country of petroleum resources, but woody oleiferous plants resource and its rich
Richness, with the research to energy woody oleiferous plants crop, deepening continuously of developing and utilizing, biomass energy is latent in China's development
Power is huge, and development woody oleiferous plants Biodiesel not only contributes to solution oil replacement, ecological environmental protection and agriculture, rural areas and farmers and asks
Topic can also bring new development opportunity for China's forestry industry.Biodiesel has many advantages, firstly, raw material sources are extensive,
It is cheap, belong to renewable energy；Secondly, biodiesel is nontoxic, sulfur content is low, environmentally protective, is very beneficial to environment, is
A kind of reproducible clean fuel is effective substitute of fossil energy, can greatly alleviate energy shortages to social bring
Pressure causes the extensive concern of domestic and international more and more scientific workers.Compared with existing diesel oil, also have the advantage that：
Cetane number is high, so that combustibility is more preferable；Sulfur content is low in biodiesel, and the discharge of sulfur dioxide and sulfide is low, reduces
Environmental pollution；Biodiesel flash-point is high, is not belonging to dangerous material, advantageous in transport, storage, use aspect etc..
Although biodiesel major part performance can satisfy demanded fuel, its low temperature flow difference is still serious restriction
The key factor that biodiesel is used and promoted.The freezing point of biodiesel, at low temperature can be because of fatty acid generally at 0 DEG C or so
The crystallization of methyl esters is precipitated and causes a series of problems.Because wax crystalline substance increases as temperature declines, mutually bonding is formed three-dimensional netted
Structure, wrapping biological diesel oil liquid composition block petroleum pipeline and the filtering of diesel engine so that biodiesel be made to lose flowability
Net is unable to operate normally diesel engine, therefore the low temperature flow for improving biodiesel is during biodiesel researchs and develops
It must face and solve the problems, such as.Secondly traditional preparing biodiesel by ester interchange mostly exist low catalytic efficiency, low output,
Color is deep, apt to deteriorate, the reaction time is long, corrosion equipment, complex process, reaction temperature is high, energy consumption is larger, easily causes secondary dirt
The disadvantages of dye and byproduct losses, higher cost.
Summary of the invention
The present invention current energy crisis and existing biodiesel there are aiming at the problem that, provide and a kind of closed using woody oleiferous plants
At the method for biodiesel.This method preparation biodiesel have low condensation point, low acid value, stability is good, preparation process is simple,
The advantages that high catalytic efficiency, high conversion rate, purity is high, high combustion efficiency, raw material sources are extensive, low in cost, work easy to accomplish
Industry metaplasia produces, wide market.
In order to achieve the goal above, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows：
A method of using woody oleiferous plants biodiesel synthesis, include the following steps：
（1）Blender is added in woody oleiferous plants, adds the inorganic agent being made of polyacrylamide and attapulgite, the processing
The additional amount of agent is the 0.5-1.5% of woody oleiferous plants weight, and high-speed stirred 5-10min is separated by filtration, and obtains pure woody oleiferous plants；
（2）By pure woody oleiferous plants, methanol and catalyst according to mass ratio be 100:40-60:Reaction kettle is added in 0.5-1.5, in temperature
Degree is 80-120 DEG C, revolving speed reacts 0.5-2h under being 200-300r/min, centrifugation, stratification, and upper layer is biodiesel crude product；
The catalyst is made of four (pentafluorophenyl group) metalloporphyrins and sodium citrate；
（3）Rectifying column is added in biodiesel crude product, ethanol amine and ethyl alcohol, rectifying carries out depickling processing, essence at 100-120 DEG C
Evaporate rear remaining liquid, as biodiesel product；
（4）Pour-point depressant and surfactant are added in biodiesel product, mixed at high speed is uniformly to get biodiesel oil product.
Preferably scheme is：The woody oleiferous plants are jatropha curcas oil, rubber seed oil, camellia seed oil or Oleum Verniciae fordii.
Preferably scheme is：The mass ratio of the polyacrylamide and attapulgite is 1:1-3.
Preferably scheme is：The mass ratio of (pentafluorophenyl group) metalloporphyrin and sodium citrate is 1-2 four in the catalyst:
1。
Preferably scheme is：Four (pentafluorophenyl group) metalloporphyrin is four (pentafluorophenyl group) Cob altporphyrins, four (phenyl-pentafluorides
Base) one of Cob altporphyrin and four (pentafluorophenyl group) manganoporphyrins or numerous compositions.
Preferably scheme is：The volume ratio of the biodiesel crude product, ethanol amine and ethyl alcohol is 100:5-10:50-100.
Preferably scheme is：The pour-point depressant is 1 by mass ratio:The polyethylene glycol stearate of 1-3 and styrene-Malaysia
Imide copolymer composition, additional amount are the 0.5-1.5% of woody oleiferous plants weight.
Preferably scheme is：The surfactant is by fatty acid glycerine ester APEO and triisopropanolamine polyoxy third
Alkene polyoxyethylene ether composition, additional amount are the 1-2% of woody oleiferous plants weight.
Compared with prior art, it advantages of the present invention and has the beneficial effect that：
1, the method for the present invention is with high acid value, reproducible jatropha curcas oil, rubber seed oil, camellia seed oil or Oleum Verniciae fordii woody oleiferous plants work
For raw material, use four (pentafluorophenyl group) metalloporphyrins and sodium citrate as catalyst, and handles and be added pour point depression by depickling
Agent and surfactant, the biodiesel being prepared have that low condensation point, low acid value, stability be good, with high purity, efficiency of combustion
High, the advantages that raw material sources are extensive, low in cost, industrialized production easy to accomplish can effectively solve the Present Global energy
Crisis and problem of environmental pollution bring new development opportunity for China's forestry industry.
2, woody oleiferous plants of the present invention also pass through polyacrylamide and attapulgite is pre-processed, and can not only adsorb raw material
Impurity and reduction color in oil, moreover it is possible to part neutralization reaction occur with the free acid of woody oleiferous plants, reduce the acid value of feedstock oil.
3, using four (pentafluorophenyl group) metalloporphyrins and sodium citrate as catalysis in the esterification of this method biodiesel
Agent, metalloporphyrin have that porous bigger serface, high catalytic efficiency, activity are high, reaction condition is mild, be easy recycling, can be more
Secondary the advantages that recycling, is supported on stability and catalytic activity that sodium citrate improves metalloporphyrin, overcomes mesh
Preceding production of biodiesel using strong acid catalyst there are equipment burn into it is seasonable between it is long, temperature is high, easily causes secondary pollution etc. lacks
It falls into.
4, the biodiesel crude product that esterification of the present invention obtains also with after ethanol amine and ethanol synthesis by rectifying depickling
Except water process, the acid value of the biodiesel coarse product with higher acid value can be significantly reduced and just remove the part water of diesel oil,
So that diesel stability is more preferable, burn more abundant.
5, polyethylene glycol stearate and styrene-maleimide copolymer composition is added in the present invention in biodiesel
Pour-point depressant, the low temperature flow of biodiesel can be obviously improved, reduce the condensation point and cold filter plugging point of diesel oil, biodiesel
Condensation point is reduced to -20~-30 DEG C, cold filter plugging point -10~-20 DEG C.
6, the present invention is additionally added fatty acid glycerine ester APEO and triisopropanolamine polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether table
Face activating agent introduces the groups such as hydroxyl, carbonyl, carboxyl, alkyl, amide, can increase the intersolubility between each component, so that bavin
It is more stable and not stratified after oil, while there is good lubricating action, subtract the abrasion of injection pump, engine cylinder body and connecting rod
It is small.
7, the method for the present invention has that preparation process simple, high catalytic efficiency, high production efficiency, cost be more cheap, diesel oil
The advantages that yield is high has good economic benefit, ecological benefits and social benefit.
Specific embodiment
The embodiments given below are intended to further illustrate the invention, but is not to be construed as to the scope of the present invention
Limitation, content still falls within this to some nonessential modifications and adaptations of the invention to those skilled in the art according to the present invention
The protection scope of invention.
Embodiment 1
A method of using jatropha curcas oil biodiesel synthesis, include the following steps：
（1）Blender is added in the jatropha curcas oil that acid value is 12.3mgKOH/g, adding by mass ratio is 1:2 polyacrylamides
With the inorganic agent of attapulgite composition, the additional amount of the inorganic agent is jatropha curcas oil weight 1.2%, is 300r/min in revolving speed
Lower high-speed stirred 10min, is separated by filtration, and obtains pure jatropha curcas oil；
（2）By pure jatropha curcas oil, methanol and catalyst according to mass ratio be 100:50:1 be added reaction kettle, temperature be 100 DEG C,
Revolving speed is to react 1.5h under 200r/min, is centrifuged, stratification, and upper layer is biodiesel crude product；The catalyst is by mass ratio
It is 1:1 four (pentafluorophenyl group) metalloporphyrins and sodium citrate composition；
（3）By biodiesel crude product, ethanol amine and ethyl alcohol according to volume ratio be 100:10:Rectifying column is added in 70 ratio, 115
Rectifying carries out depickling processing, remaining liquid after rectifying, as biodiesel product at DEG C；
（4）0.8% pour-point depressant of jatropha curcas oil weight and 1.5% surfactant are incorporated as in biodiesel product, it is described
Pour-point depressant is 1 by mass ratio:3 polyethylene glycol stearate and styrene-maleimide copolymer composition；The surface is living
Property agent by mass ratio be 2:1 fatty acid glycerine ester APEO and triisopropanolamine polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether composition；
Mixed at high speed is uniformly to get biodiesel oil product.
Embodiment 2
A method of using rubber seed oil biodiesel synthesis, include the following steps：
（1）Blender is added in the rubber seed oil that acid value is 7.91mgKOH/g, adding by mass ratio is 1:3 polyacrylamides
With the inorganic agent of attapulgite composition, the additional amount of the inorganic agent is rubber seed oil weight 1.5%, is 500r/min in revolving speed
Lower high-speed stirred 10min, is separated by filtration, and obtains pure rubber seed oil；
（2）It according to mass ratio is 100 by pure rubber seed oil, methanol and catalyst:60:1.5 are added reaction kettle, are 100 in temperature
DEG C, revolving speed be 250r/min under react 1h, be centrifuged, stratification, upper layer be biodiesel crude product；The catalyst is by mass ratio
It is 2:1 four (pentafluorophenyl group) metalloporphyrins and sodium citrate composition；
（3）By biodiesel crude product, ethanol amine and ethyl alcohol according to volume ratio be 100:8:Rectifying column is added in 100 ratio, 120
Rectifying carries out depickling processing, remaining liquid after rectifying, as biodiesel product at DEG C；
（4）0.5% pour-point depressant of rubber seed oil weight and 2% surfactant, the drop are incorporated as in biodiesel product
Solidifying agent is 1 by mass ratio:1 polyethylene glycol stearate and styrene-maleimide copolymer composition；The surface-active
Agent is 3 by mass ratio:1 fatty acid glycerine ester APEO and triisopropanolamine polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether composition；It is high
Speed is uniformly mixed to get biodiesel oil product.
Embodiment 3
A method of using camellia seed oil biodiesel synthesis, include the following steps：
（1）Blender is added in the camellia seed oil that acid value is 5.48mgKOH/g, adding by mass ratio is 1:2 polyacrylamides
With the inorganic agent of attapulgite composition, the additional amount of the inorganic agent is camellia seed oil weight 1.2%, is 400r/min in revolving speed
Lower high-speed stirred 5min, is separated by filtration, and obtains pure camellia seed oil；
（2）By pure camellia seed oil, methanol and catalyst according to mass ratio be 100:40:1 be added reaction kettle, temperature be 80 DEG C,
Revolving speed is to react 2h under 300r/min, is centrifuged, stratification, and upper layer is biodiesel crude product；The catalyst is by mass ratio
1:1 four (pentafluorophenyl group) metalloporphyrins and sodium citrate composition；
（3）By biodiesel crude product, ethanol amine and ethyl alcohol according to volume ratio be 100:5:Rectifying column is added in 100 ratio, 100
Rectifying carries out depickling processing, remaining liquid after rectifying, as biodiesel product at DEG C；
（4）1.2% pour-point depressant of camellia seed oil weight and 1% surfactant, the drop are incorporated as in biodiesel product
Solidifying agent is 1 by mass ratio:2 polyethylene glycol stearate and styrene-maleimide copolymer composition；The surface-active
Agent is 1 by mass ratio:1 fatty acid glycerine ester APEO and triisopropanolamine polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether composition；It is high
Speed is uniformly mixed to get biodiesel oil product.
Embodiment 4
A method of using Oleum Verniciae fordii biodiesel synthesis, include the following steps：
（1）Blender is added in the Oleum Verniciae fordii that acid value is 11.42mgKOH/g, adding by mass ratio is 1:2 polyacrylamides and
The inorganic agent of attapulgite composition, the additional amount of the inorganic agent are Oleum Verniciae fordii weight 0.9%, high in the case where revolving speed is 350r/min
Speed stirring 10min, is separated by filtration, obtains pure Oleum Verniciae fordii；
（2）By pure Oleum Verniciae fordii, methanol and catalyst according to mass ratio be 100:50:0.5 be added reaction kettle, temperature be 120 DEG C,
Revolving speed is to react 2h under 250r/min, is centrifuged, stratification, and upper layer is biodiesel crude product；The catalyst is by mass ratio
2:1 four (pentafluorophenyl group) metalloporphyrins and sodium citrate composition；
（3）By biodiesel crude product, ethanol amine and ethyl alcohol according to volume ratio be 100:10:Rectifying column is added in 50 ratio, 110
Rectifying carries out depickling processing, remaining liquid after rectifying, as biodiesel product at DEG C；
（4）1.5% pour-point depressant of Oleum Verniciae fordii weight and 1.5% surfactant, the drop are incorporated as in biodiesel product
Solidifying agent is 1 by mass ratio:2 polyethylene glycol stearate and styrene-maleimide copolymer composition；The surface-active
Agent is 2 by mass ratio:1 fatty acid glycerine ester APEO and triisopropanolamine polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether composition；It is high
Speed is uniformly mixed to get biodiesel oil product.
Biodiesel oil product prepared by embodiment 1-4 is conventionally measured to the condensation point, cold filter plugging point, acid value of diesel oil
And the yield of biodiesel is calculated, test result is as shown in table 1.The yield of biodiesel calculate=(produces biodiesel coarse
Quality/feedstock oil quality of the biodiesel obtained after product distillation) × 100%).
Table 1：The yield and the performance test results of biodiesel of the present invention
It is learnt from above-mentioned test result, biodiesel prepared by the present invention not only has the advantages that low condensation point, low acid value, also has
There is good yield, has good market prospects.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of method using woody oleiferous plants biodiesel synthesis, it is characterised in that：Include the following steps：
Blender is added in woody oleiferous plants, adds the inorganic agent being made of polyacrylamide and attapulgite, the inorganic agent
Additional amount be woody oleiferous plants weight 0.5-1.5%, high-speed stirred 5-10min is separated by filtration, and obtains pure woody oleiferous plants；
By pure woody oleiferous plants, methanol and catalyst according to mass ratio be 100:40-60:Reaction kettle is added in 0.5-1.5, is in temperature
80-120 DEG C, revolving speed be 200-300r/min under react 0.5-2h, be centrifuged, stratification, upper layer be biodiesel crude product；It is described
Catalyst is made of four (pentafluorophenyl group) metalloporphyrins and sodium citrate；
Rectifying column is added in biodiesel crude product, ethanol amine and ethyl alcohol, rectifying carries out depickling processing, rectifying at 100-120 DEG C
Remaining liquid afterwards, as biodiesel product；
Pour-point depressant and surfactant are added in biodiesel product, mixed at high speed is uniformly to get biodiesel oil product.
2. utilizing the method for woody oleiferous plants biodiesel synthesis according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The woody oleiferous plants
For jatropha curcas oil, rubber seed oil, camellia seed oil or Oleum Verniciae fordii.
3. utilizing the method for woody oleiferous plants biodiesel synthesis according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The polyacrylamide
The mass ratio of amine and attapulgite is 1:1-3.
4. utilizing the method for woody oleiferous plants biodiesel synthesis according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In the catalyst
The mass ratio of four (pentafluorophenyl group) metalloporphyrins and sodium citrate is 1-2:1.
5. utilizing the method for woody oleiferous plants biodiesel synthesis according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：Four (five fluorine
Phenyl) metalloporphyrin be four (pentafluorophenyl group) Cob altporphyrins, four (pentafluorophenyl group) Cob altporphyrins and four (pentafluorophenyl group) manganoporphyrins in
One or more compositions.
6. utilizing the method for woody oleiferous plants biodiesel synthesis according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The biodiesel
The volume ratio of crude product, ethanol amine and ethyl alcohol is 100:5-10:50-100.
7. utilizing the method for woody oleiferous plants biodiesel synthesis according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The pour-point depressant by
Mass ratio is 1:The polyethylene glycol stearate and styrene-maleimide copolymer of 1-3 forms, and additional amount is woody oil
Expect the 0.5-1.5% of weight.
8. utilizing the method for woody oleiferous plants biodiesel synthesis according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The surface-active
Agent is made of fatty acid glycerine ester APEO and triisopropanolamine polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether, and additional amount is woody oil
Expect the 1-2% of weight.
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