CN108865263A - A kind of coal base mixing high energy density fuel and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of coal base mixing high energy density fuel and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108865263A CN108865263A CN201810650782.1A CN201810650782A CN108865263A CN 108865263 A CN108865263 A CN 108865263A CN 201810650782 A CN201810650782 A CN 201810650782A CN 108865263 A CN108865263 A CN 108865263A
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G69/00—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one other conversion process
- C10G69/02—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one other conversion process plural serial stages only
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of coal base mixing high energy density fuels and preparation method thereof, and preparation method includes：Using coal base derived oils as raw material, distillation is separated into naphtha cut first, after diesel oil distillate and heavy oil fraction, heavy oil fraction handles to obtain cracked naphtha fraction and cracked diesel oil fraction by being hydrocracked lighting, secondly the naphtha cut of mixing produces the high energy density fuel component with stereo chemical structure by arene rich component and chemical synthesis, mixed diesel oil distillate is by adding hydrogen upgrading to produce big specific gravity aviation kerosine component, finally by high energy density fuel component, big specific gravity aviation kerosine component and additive are deployed to obtain coal base mixing high energy density fuel.The present invention realizes coal base derived oils and maximizes production high energy density fuel purpose, expand the source of coal based high energy density fuel, the physical and chemical performance of coal base mixing high energy density fuel obtained is more preferably than single coal based high energy density fuel and No. 3 jet fuels.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to coal chemical technologies, are related to a kind of higher value application method of coal base derived oils, and in particular to a kind of
Utilize coal base derived oils production coal base mixing high energy density fuel and preparation method thereof.
Background technique
The energy resource structure feature in China is " rich coal, oil starvation, few gas ", and in recent years, China's oil insufficiency of supply-demand expands year by year,
Dependence on foreign countries for oil increases year by year, and dependence on foreign countries for oil reaches 67.4% within 2017, it is contemplated that the year two thousand twenty is up to 70% left side
It is right.The fluctuation and variation of international petroleum market will directly affect the safety and stabilization of China's economy or even politics.Pass through coal base oil
Product route liquid fuel was prepared not only meets national strategy safety requirements, but also to national economy sustainable development steady in a long-term
With important facilitation.
With the military service successively of China's high performance airplane, superelevation velocity of sound guided missile, new rocket, to high density, high-energy, peace
The demand of qualitative good jet fuel also can be more more and more urgent.High-energy density jet fuel is a kind of with high density, Gao Ti
Accumulated heat value and high performance liquid hydrocarbon fuel are the hot spots of current various countries' research.
Coal base derived oils include that coal direct liquefaction oil, kerosene refine generation oil, coal gasification and dry distillation of coal pyrolysis by-product coal tar altogether
Oil etc. is a series of using coal as oil product caused by the coal chemical industry technical process in source.In recent years, the coal base that China generates every year spreads out
About 30,000,000 tons of oil generation, and with annual 10% speed in increase (predominantly New Coal Chemical growth).With petroleum based oil phase
Than coal base derived oils have been sufficiently reserved the molecular characterization for being rich in aromatic ring in coal, have cycloalkane and hydrogenation of aromatics class content
Itself high unique property possesses good thermal oxidation stability (can be subjected to 500 DEG C of high temperature without decompose carbon distribution) and higher
Energy density, be the preferred fuel of high performance aircraft, therefore, Study on Coal based high energy density fuel is the following aerospace
The inexorable trend of jet fuel development.
Existing patented method is split using fixed bed hydrogenation purification with hydrogen is added using a certain fraction of coal base derived oils as raw material
The hydro-upgradings means such as change, distillation cut the features long distillates such as 150~280 DEG C of fractions or 195~315 DEG C, are directly used as coal base
Jet fuel or jet fuel blend component；Or using features fractions such as 170 DEG C of light fractions of < as raw material, using chemical synthesis coal
Based high energy density fuel.That there are raw material availabilities is low for these prior arts, and high energy density fuel product yield is low, its density
It is not high with energy density, while the problems such as maximally utilizing of the full fraction of coal base derived oils is also not implemented.
Summary of the invention
It is a primary object of the present invention to provide the novel coal base mixing high energy density fuel of one kind and its preparation side
Method obtains coal base mixing high energy the technical problem to be solved is that maximally utilizing for the coal full fraction of base derived oils is achieved
Metric density fuel, thus more suitable for practical.
The object of the invention to solve the technical problems adopts the following technical solutions to realize.It proposes according to the present invention
A kind of coal base mixing high energy density fuel preparation method comprising：
Distillation separation：Coal base derived oils are separated by distillation, the first naphtha cut, diesel oil distillate and mink cell focus are obtained
Fraction；
It is hydrocracked：By the heavy oil fraction by slurry oil preparation, hydrocracking reaction, gas-liquid separation, richness is obtained
Hydrogen and liquid phase oil product；The liquid phase oil product is distilled, cracked naphtha fraction and cracked diesel oil fraction are obtained；
Add hydrogen upgrading：The diesel oil distillate and cracked diesel oil fraction are carried out to add hydrogen upgrading, obtains plus hydrogen upgrading generates
Oil；
Hydrofinishing：Described plus hydrogen upgrading is generated into oil and carries out hydrofinishing, gas-liquid separation, fractionation, obtains the second stone brain
Oil distillate and big specific gravity aviation kerosine component；
Chemical synthesis：First naphtha cut, cracked naphtha fraction and the second naphtha cut are mixed, led to
Arene rich component, chemical synthesis, stabilized hydrogenation, purification of products are crossed, high energy density fuel component is obtained；
Mixing preparation：The big specific gravity aviation kerosine component, high energy density fuel component and additive are mixed and adjusted
Match, obtains coal base mixing high energy density fuel.
The object of the invention to solve the technical problems also can be used following technical measures and further realize.
Preferably, the preparation method of coal base mixing high energy density fuel above-mentioned, wherein the coal Ji Yanshengyoubao
Include coal tar, DCL/Direct coal liquefaction generates oil and kerosene refines generation oil altogether；
The cutting temperature of first naphtha cut and diesel oil distillate is 160-200 DEG C；
The cutting temperature of the diesel oil distillate and heavy oil fraction is 340-370 DEG C.
Preferably, the preparation method of coal base mixing high energy density fuel above-mentioned, wherein the slurry oil preparation includes：
The heavy oil fraction, hydrocracking catalyst and vulcanizing agent are mixed at 100-250 DEG C, obtain slurry oil；
The hydrocracking reaction is floating bed hydrocracking, and the reaction temperature of the floating bed hydrocracking is
360-490 DEG C, reaction pressure 8-26MPa, volume space velocity 0.2-3.0h-1, hydrogen to oil volume ratio 500-2200；
The distillation cutting temperature of the cracked naphtha fraction and cracked diesel oil fraction is 170-200 DEG C.
Preferably, the preparation method of coal base mixing high energy density fuel above-mentioned, wherein the hydrocracking catalyst
The active component of agent is at least one of molybdenum, nickel, cobalt, tungsten and iron, and the particle diameter of the hydrocracking catalyst is 1-
200μm；
The active component of the hydrocracking catalyst and the weight ratio of heavy oil fraction are 0.2-5:100.
Preferably, the preparation method of coal base mixing high energy density fuel above-mentioned, wherein described plus hydrogen upgrading uses
Hydrogen upgrading catalyst is added to be catalyzed；
When described plus hydrogen upgrading is expansion bed hydroprocessing upgrading, described plus hydrogen upgrading reaction pressure is 5-20MPa, instead
Answering temperature is 290-440 DEG C, volume space velocity 0.2-3.0h-1；
When described plus hydrogen upgrading is fixed bed hydrogenation upgrading, described plus hydrogen upgrading reaction pressure is 6-30MPa, instead
Answering temperature is 300-460 DEG C, volume space velocity 0.5-4.0h-1, hydrogen-oil ratio 200-2500.
Preferably, the preparation method of coal base mixing high energy density fuel above-mentioned, wherein the hydrofinishing uses
Hydrobon catalyst is catalyzed；The Hydrobon catalyst includes active metal and carrier；
When the hydrofinishing is that boiling bed hydrogenation refines, the active metal is in VIB and group VIII metal
It is at least one；The carrier is at least one of aluminium oxide, silica, alumina-silica aluminium and titanium oxide；
When the hydrofinishing is that fixed bed hydrogenation refines, the active metal is in VIB and group VIII metal
It is at least one；The carrier is inorganic oxide or molecular sieve；The reaction temperature of the hydrofinishing is 200-460 DEG C,
Reaction pressure is 6-21MPa, volume space velocity 0.2-4.0h-1, hydrogen-oil ratio 300-2000.
Preferably, the preparation method of coal base mixing high energy density fuel above-mentioned, wherein the additive includes dodging
Point enhancer, antiwear additive, tackifier, antistatic agent and antioxidant；
The flash-point enhancer accounts for the 0.1-2 ‰ of the coal base mixing high energy density fuel weight；
The antiwear additive is oil soluble liquid class antiwear additive, accounts for the 1- of the coal base mixing high energy density fuel weight
3‰；
The tackifier is polyalkenes tackifier, accounts for the 0.01- of the coal base mixing high energy density fuel weight
0.5%；
The antistatic agent is T1502 antistatic agent, accounts for the 0.1- of the coal base mixing high energy density fuel weight
1‰；
The antioxidant is phenol type antioxidant, accounts for the 1-5 ‰ of the coal base mixing high energy density fuel weight.
Also the following technical solution is employed for the object of the invention to solve the technical problems to realize.It proposes according to the present invention
A kind of coal base mix high energy density fuel, be prepared by method above-mentioned；The coal base mixing high-energy density combustion
The density of material is 0.88-0.93g/cm3, the energy density is 37-42MJ/L.
By above-mentioned technical proposal, coal base mixing high energy density fuel of the present invention and preparation method thereof at least has following
Advantage：
1) method of the invention is not only suitable for coalite tar, middle coalite tar, high temperature coal-tar, is also applied for any
The miscella of two kinds or more of coal tar, is equally applicable to DCL/Direct coal liquefaction generation oil and kerosene refines generation oil altogether, and raw material is applicable
Range is wide, expands the source of coal based high energy density fuel；
2) for method of the invention using full fraction coal base derived oils as raw material, raw material availability is high, realizes maximization production
The purpose of high energy density fuel, on the basis of coal base derived oils, coal base mixing high energy density fuel yield is up to 40-
60%；
3) present invention by naphtha Cut carry out arene rich component, chemical synthesis and stabilized hydrogenation and etc. preparation
High energy density fuel component is obtained, density is high, and energy density (volume calorific value) is big.Diesel oil distillate is by adding hydrogen upgrading to produce
Big specific gravity aviation kerosine component, high energy density fuel component, big specific gravity aviation kerosine component and additive are finally mixed adjust
Physical and chemical performance with coal base mixing high energy density fuel made from big specific gravity boat coal fraction mixing preparation is than single coal
More preferably, density and energy density are higher for based high energy density fuel and No. 3 jet fuels.
4) coal base mixing high energy density fuel of the present invention has bigger mass density and volume calorific value, fires in engine
In the case where hopper restricted volume, entrained energy can be effectively increased, reduces engine oil loss-rate, meets the high speed of a ship or plane, big load
The requirement of lotus and Far Range；Or in the case where retention property is constant, the volume of engine fuel tank is reduced, realizes that aircraft is small
Type improves its mobility and penetration ability, is suitable for the weapons such as high-performance military aircraft and superelevation velocity of sound guided missile, has good
Good military application prospect.
The above description is only an overview of the technical scheme of the present invention, in order to better understand the technical means of the present invention,
And can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification, the following is a detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the preparation method of coal base mixing high energy density fuel of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
It is of the invention to reach the technical means and efficacy that predetermined goal of the invention is taken further to illustrate, below in conjunction with
Attached drawing and preferred embodiment, to coal base proposed according to the present invention mixing high energy density fuel and preparation method thereof, it is specific real
Mode, structure, feature and its effect are applied, detailed description is as follows.In the following description, different " embodiment " or " embodiment "
What is referred to is not necessarily the same embodiment.In addition, the special characteristic, structure or feature in one or more embodiments can be by any conjunction
Conformal formula combination.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of preparation side for coal base mixing high energy density fuel that one embodiment of the present of invention proposes
Method comprising：
Distillation separation：Coal base derived oils 1 enter distillation separative unit 2 by distillation separation, obtain the first naphtha cut
3, diesel oil distillate 4 and heavy oil fraction 5；
It is hydrocracked：Heavy oil fraction 5 and hydrogen are mixed and are sent into Hydrocracking unit 6 through high-pressure pump, by slurry oil system
Standby, hydrocracking reaction, gas-liquid separation obtain hydrogen-rich gas and liquid phase oil product；Hydrogen-rich gas is used as recycle hydrogen；By liquid phase
Oil product distillation, obtains cracked naphtha fraction 7 and cracked diesel oil fraction 8；
Add hydrogen upgrading：Diesel oil distillate 4 and cracked diesel oil fraction 8 be mixed into after mixing with hydrogen plus hydrogen upgrading unit 9 into
Row plus hydrogen upgrading, obtain plus hydrogen upgrading generates oil 10；
Hydrofinishing：Hydrogen upgrading will be added to generate oil 10 and carry out hydrofinishing, gas-liquid separation, fractionation, obtain the second naphtha
Fraction 12 and big specific gravity aviation kerosine component 13；Chemical synthesis：By the first naphtha cut 3, cracked naphtha fraction 7 and second
Naphtha cut 12 is mixed into chemical synthesis unit 14, is mentioned by arene rich component, chemical synthesis, stabilized hydrogenation, product
It is pure, obtain high energy density fuel component 15；
Mixing preparation：By big specific gravity aviation kerosine component 13, high energy density fuel component 15 and the additive 16
It is mixed into deployment unit 17 to be deployed, obtains coal base mixing high energy density fuel 18.
Preferably, coal base derived oils include coal tar, DCL/Direct coal liquefaction generates oil and kerosene refines generation oil altogether；
The cutting temperature of first naphtha cut and diesel oil distillate is 160-200 DEG C；
The cutting temperature of diesel oil distillate and heavy oil fraction is 340-370 DEG C.
Preferably, prepared by slurry oil includes：By the heavy oil fraction, hydrocracking catalyst and vulcanizing agent in 100-
It is mixed at 250 DEG C, obtains slurry oil；
Hydrocracking reaction is floating bed hydrocracking, and the reaction temperature of floating bed hydrocracking is 360-490 DEG C, reaction
Pressure is 8-26MPa, volume space velocity 0.2-3.0h-1, hydrogen to oil volume ratio 500-2200；
Preferably, the reaction temperature of floating bed hydrocracking is 380-450 DEG C, reaction pressure 12-19MPa, and volume is empty
Speed is 0.4-2.0h-1, hydrogen to oil volume ratio 1000-1600；
The distillation cutting temperature of the cracked naphtha fraction and cracked diesel oil fraction is 170-200 DEG C.
Preferably, the active component of hydrocracking catalyst is at least one of molybdenum, nickel, cobalt, tungsten and iron, and described adds
The particle diameter of hydrogen Cracking catalyst is 1-200 μm；
The active component of hydrocracking catalyst and the weight ratio of heavy oil fraction are 0.2-5:100, preferably 0.6-
2.5:100；
Vulcanizing agent is the substance that reaction condition produces hydrogen sulfide, such as sulphur or dimethyl disulfide；Vulcanizing agent adds
Entering amount should ensure that the hydrogen sulfide content for being hydrocracked system circulation hydrogen not less than 1000ppm.
Preferably, adding hydrogen upgrading to use adds hydrogen upgrading catalyst to be catalyzed；The purpose for adding hydrogen upgrading is alkene saturation, two
Aromatic hydrocarbon moieties saturation more than ring, partial removal coal directly convert the impurity such as oxygen, nitrogen, sulphur in oil, for subsequent plus hydrogen essence
Process processed provides feedstock oil.
When adding hydrogen upgrading to expand bed hydroprocessing upgrading, the expanded bed reactor recycled in forcing forever is adopted, the anti-of hydrogen upgrading is added
Answering pressure is 5-20MPa, and reaction temperature is 290-440 DEG C, volume space velocity 0.2-3.0h-1；Force in circulation oil stream amount be into
1-8 times of doses volume；Preferably, the reaction pressure for adding hydrogen upgrading is 10-18MPa, and reaction temperature is 360-400 DEG C, volume
Air speed is 0.6-3.8h-1；Circulation oil stream amount is 2-5 times of inlet amount volume in forcing.
Add hydrogen upgrading be fixed bed hydrogenation upgrading when, using fixed bed reactors, protection reactor need to be set before reactor,
The effect of protection reactor is the solid project and metal impurities removed in feedstock oil, prevents its blocking plus hydrogen upgrading catalysis
Agent bed.Protective agent is loaded in protection reactor, protective agent is supported in carbon molecular sieve, unformed aluminium oxide or silica-alumina supports
VIB or VIII group base metal and/or noble metal catalyst.Protecting reactor quantity is one or two, using up flow type
Operation, when using two, using serial operation.It is 200-400 DEG C that the reaction condition for protecting reactor, which is reaction temperature, reaction
Pressure is 10-20MPa, volume space velocity 0.5-10.0h-1, hydrogen-oil ratio 300-2600.
Fixed bed hydrogenation upgrading reactor quantity is 1-3, using serial operation, adds hydrogen upgrading catalyst carrier for without fixed
Type aluminium oxide and/or sial, carried metal component, metal component are VIB or VIII group base metal and/or noble metal.Add hydrogen
The reaction pressure of upgrading is 6-30MPa, and reaction temperature is 300-460 DEG C, volume space velocity 0.5-4.0h-1, hydrogen-oil ratio 200-
2500。
Preferably, the impurity in oil product is further decreased by hydrofinishing, product quality is improved, to be met the requirements
Big specific gravity aviation kerosine component and the products such as naphtha.Hydrofinishing is catalyzed using Hydrobon catalyst；Described
Hydrobon catalyst includes active metal and carrier；
When hydrofinishing is that boiling bed hydrogenation refines, Hydrobon catalyst is load profile bar shape or spheric catalyst, institute
The active metal stated is at least one of VIB and group VIII metal, including base metal and/or noble metal, it is preferred that VIB
Race's metal is Mo or/and W, at least one of group VIII metal the most Fe, Ni and Co；The carrier is aluminium oxide, oxidation
At least one of silicon, alumina-silica aluminium and titanium oxide, preferably aluminium oxide.
When hydrofinishing is that fixed bed hydrogenation refines, the active metal is at least one in VIB and group VIII metal
Kind, including base metal and/or noble metal；The carrier is inorganic oxide or molecular sieve；The hydrofinishing it is anti-
Answering temperature is 200-460 DEG C, reaction pressure 6-21MPa, volume space velocity 0.2-4.0h-1, hydrogen-oil ratio 300-2000；
Preferably, Hydrobon catalyst hole appearance >=0.4mL/g, specific surface area >=120m2/ g, heap density are 0.4-
1.9Kg/m3, inorganic oxide be aluminium oxide, silica, titanium oxide and magnesia or at least one of, molecular sieve be ZSM boil
At least one of stone, zeolite L, y-type zeolite and Beta zeolite；Base metal is at least one of nickel, cobalt, molybdenum and tungsten,
Noble metal is platinum and/or palladium；Wherein base metal accounts for the 20-80% of Hydrobon catalyst gross mass, and noble metal accounts for plus hydrogen essence
The 0.1-20% of catalyst gross mass processed.
Preferably, chemical synthesis is to separate naphtha cut by catalytic reforming, realizes aromatic hydrocarbons/non-aromatic component point
From obtaining aromatic rich cut oil, carried out under the conditions of aromatic rich cut oil is in a kettle with norbornene existing for the catalyst
Synthetic reaction, synthetic reaction product enter hydrogenation reaction device and carry out stabilized hydrogenation reaction, and obtained stabilized hydrogenation product passes through
After separating-purifying removes fixed impurity, high energy density fuel component is obtained.
Preferably, additive includes flash-point enhancer, antiwear additive, tackifier, antistatic agent and antioxidant；
Wherein, flash-point enhancer is that a variety of special surface activating agents compound, and accounts for the coal base mixing high-energy density
The 0.1-2 ‰ of weight of fuel, preferably 1 ‰；
Antiwear additive is oil soluble liquid class antiwear additive, preferably dialkyl group organic salt, accounts for the coal base mixing high-energy
The 1-3 ‰ of density fuel weight, preferably 1.5 ‰；
Tackifier is polyalkenes tackifier, accounts for the 0.01-0.5% of the coal base mixing high energy density fuel weight, excellent
It is selected as 0.05%；
Antistatic agent is T1502 antistatic agent, accounts for the 0.1-1 ‰ of the coal base mixing high energy density fuel weight, excellent
It is selected as 0.5 ‰；
Antioxidant is phenol type antioxidant, preferably butyl paracresol, accounts for the coal base mixing high energy density fuel weight
1-5 ‰, preferably 2-3 ‰.
Another embodiment of the present invention proposes a kind of coal base mixing high energy density fuel, prepared by method above-mentioned and
?；The density of the coal base mixing high energy density fuel is 0.88-0.93g/cm3, (volume is hot for the energy density
Value) it is 37-42MJ/L.
Embodiment 1
A kind of preparation method for coal base mixing high energy density fuel that one embodiment of the present of invention proposes comprising：
Distillation separation：It using Black Hills cigarette coal direct liquefaction oil as feedstock oil, is separated by distillation, obtains 180 DEG C of first stone of <
Naphtha fraction, 180-350 DEG C of diesel oil distillate and>350 DEG C of heavy oil fractions；The property of feedstock oil is as shown in table 1；
It is hydrocracked：By heavy oil fraction by slurry oil preparation, hydrocracking reaction, gas-liquid separation, hydrogen-rich gas is obtained
With liquid phase oil product；The liquid phase oil product is distilled, cracked naphtha fraction and cracked diesel oil fraction are obtained；Wherein it is hydrocracked
Unit scale is 0.01t/d, and Hydrocracking unit is using two suspended-bed reactor series connection；
Add hydrogen upgrading：Diesel oil distillate and cracked diesel oil fraction are carried out to add hydrogen upgrading, obtains plus hydrogen upgrading generates oil；Add hydrogen
Upgrading unit uses a protection reactor and a fixed bed upgrading reactor；
Hydrofinishing：Described plus hydrogen upgrading is generated into oil and carries out hydrofinishing, gas-liquid separation, fractionation, obtains the second stone brain
Oil distillate and big specific gravity aviation kerosine component；Hydrofinishing unit is using two fixed bed reactors series connection；It is hydrocracked, adds hydrogen
The design parameter of upgrading and hydrofinishing is as shown in table 2；
Chemical synthesis：First naphtha cut, cracked naphtha fraction and the second naphtha cut are mixed, led to
Arene rich component, chemical synthesis, stabilized hydrogenation, purification of products are crossed, high energy density fuel component is obtained；
Mixing preparation：The big specific gravity aviation kerosine component, high energy density fuel component and additive are mixed and adjusted
Match, obtains coal base mixing high energy density fuel.
Another embodiment of the present invention proposes a kind of coal base mixing high energy density fuel, is prepared by the method for embodiment 1
And it obtains；The main character of the coal base mixing high energy density fuel of embodiment 1 is as shown in table 3.
Embodiment 2
A kind of preparation method for coal base mixing high energy density fuel that one embodiment of the present of invention proposes comprising：
Distillation separation：The kerosene for adding hydrogen to obtain altogether with lignite and catalytic cracked oil pulp refines generation oil altogether as feedstock oil, passes through
Distillation separation, obtain 170 DEG C of first naphtha cut of <, 170-370 DEG C of diesel oil distillate and>370 DEG C of heavy oil fractions；Feedstock oil
Property it is as shown in table 1；
It is hydrocracked：By heavy oil fraction by slurry oil preparation, hydrocracking reaction, gas-liquid separation, hydrogen-rich gas is obtained
With liquid phase oil product；The liquid phase oil product is distilled, cracked naphtha fraction and cracked diesel oil fraction are obtained；Wherein it is hydrocracked
Unit scale is 0.01t/d, and Hydrocracking unit is using two suspended-bed reactor series connection；
Add hydrogen upgrading：Diesel oil distillate and cracked diesel oil fraction are carried out to add hydrogen upgrading, obtains plus hydrogen upgrading generates oil；Add hydrogen
Upgrading unit uses a protection reactor and two concatenated fixed bed upgrading reactors；
Hydrofinishing：Described plus hydrogen upgrading is generated into oil and carries out hydrofinishing, gas-liquid separation, fractionation, obtains the second stone brain
Oil distillate and big specific gravity aviation kerosine component；Hydrofinishing unit is using two fixed bed reactors series connection；It is hydrocracked, adds hydrogen
The design parameter of upgrading and hydrofinishing is as shown in table 2；
Chemical synthesis：First naphtha cut, cracked naphtha fraction and the second naphtha cut are mixed, led to
Arene rich component, chemical synthesis, stabilized hydrogenation, purification of products are crossed, high energy density fuel component is obtained；
Mixing preparation：The big specific gravity aviation kerosine component, high energy density fuel component and additive are mixed and adjusted
Match, obtains coal base mixing high energy density fuel.
Another embodiment of the present invention proposes a kind of coal base mixing high energy density fuel, is prepared by the method for embodiment 2
And it obtains；The main character of the coal base mixing high energy density fuel of embodiment 2 is as shown in table 3.
Embodiment 3
A kind of preparation method for coal base mixing high energy density fuel that one embodiment of the present of invention proposes comprising：
Distillation separation：It using bituminous coal pyrolysis by-product coalite tar as feedstock oil, is separated by distillation, obtains < 170 DEG C the
One naphtha cut, 170-350 DEG C of diesel oil distillate and>350 DEG C of heavy oil fractions；The property of feedstock oil is as shown in table 1；
It is hydrocracked：By heavy oil fraction by slurry oil preparation, hydrocracking reaction, gas-liquid separation, hydrogen-rich gas is obtained
With liquid phase oil product；The liquid phase oil product is distilled, cracked naphtha fraction and cracked diesel oil fraction are obtained；Wherein it is hydrocracked
Unit scale is 0.01t/d, and Hydrocracking unit is using two suspended-bed reactor series connection；
Add hydrogen upgrading：Diesel oil distillate and cracked diesel oil fraction are carried out to add hydrogen upgrading, obtains plus hydrogen upgrading generates oil；Add hydrogen
The expanded bed reactor that upgrading unit is recycled in forcing using one；
Hydrofinishing：Described plus hydrogen upgrading is generated into oil and carries out hydrofinishing, gas-liquid separation, fractionation, obtains the second stone brain
Oil distillate and big specific gravity aviation kerosine component；Hydrofinishing unit is using two fixed bed reactors series connection；It is hydrocracked, adds hydrogen
The design parameter of upgrading and hydrofinishing is as shown in table 2；
Chemical synthesis：First naphtha cut, cracked naphtha fraction and the second naphtha cut are mixed, led to
Arene rich component, chemical synthesis, stabilized hydrogenation, purification of products are crossed, high energy density fuel component is obtained；
Mixing preparation：The big specific gravity aviation kerosine component, high energy density fuel component and additive are mixed and adjusted
Match, obtains coal base mixing high energy density fuel.
Another embodiment of the present invention proposes a kind of coal base mixing high energy density fuel, is prepared by the method for embodiment 3
And it obtains；The main character of the coal base mixing high energy density fuel of embodiment 3 is as shown in table 3.
The main character of 1 embodiment 1-3 feedstock oil of table
2 embodiment 1-3 of table is hydrocracked plus hydrogen upgrading and hydrofinishing unit technological condition
Each coal base of 3 embodiment 1-3 of table mixes high energy density fuel product main character
| Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | |
| Density (20 DEG C), g/cm3 | 0.8812 | 0.9072 | 0.9244 |
| Volume calorific value, MJ/L | 37.33 | 41.05 | 39.61 |
| Specific heat capacity, kJ/ (kgK) | 1.632 | 1.928 | 1.824 |
| Sulphur, mg/kg | 8.2 | 3.5 | 10.7 |
| Nitrogen, mg/kg | < 0.5 | 0.20 | 4.2 |
| Smoke point, mm | 28.5 | 29.2 | 26.5 |
| Flash-point (silent), DEG C | 58 | 51 | 62 |
| Freezing point, DEG C | -55 | -58 | < -60 |
| Pipe rating level | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Pressure drop, kPa | 0.23 | 0.15 | 0.34 |
| Boiling range (D-86), DEG C | |||
| IBP/5% | 168/174 | 165/194 | 178/186 |
| 10%/20% | 180/188 | 202/218 | 192/201 |
| 30%/50% | 195/217 | 225/232 | 208/214 |
| 70%/80% | 2229/235 | 242/249 | 221/234 |
| 90%/FBP | 256/282 | 257/289 | 249/278 |
The above described is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention in any form, according to
According to technical spirit any simple modification, equivalent change and modification to the above embodiments of the invention, this hair is still fallen within
In the range of bright technical solution.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of preparation method of coal base mixing high energy density fuel, which is characterized in that it includes：
Distillation separation：Coal base derived oils are separated by distillation, the first naphtha cut, diesel oil distillate and mink cell focus is obtained and evaporates
Point；
It is hydrocracked：By the heavy oil fraction by slurry oil preparation, hydrocracking reaction, gas-liquid separation, hydrogen rich gas is obtained
Body and liquid phase oil product；The liquid phase oil product is distilled, cracked naphtha fraction and cracked diesel oil fraction are obtained；
Add hydrogen upgrading：The diesel oil distillate and cracked diesel oil fraction are carried out to add hydrogen upgrading, obtains plus hydrogen upgrading generates oil；
Hydrofinishing：Described plus hydrogen upgrading is generated into oil and carries out hydrofinishing, gas-liquid separation, fractionation, the second naphtha is obtained and evaporates
Divide and big specific gravity aviation kerosine component；
Chemical synthesis：First naphtha cut, cracked naphtha fraction and the second naphtha cut are mixed, richness is passed through
Collect aromatic component, chemical synthesis, stabilized hydrogenation, purification of products, obtains high energy density fuel component；
Mixing preparation：By big specific gravity aviation kerosine component, high energy density fuel component and the additive mixing preparation, obtain
High energy density fuel is mixed to coal base.
2. the preparation method of coal base mixing high energy density fuel according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the coal
Base derived oils include coal tar, DCL/Direct coal liquefaction generates oil and kerosene refines generation oil altogether；
The cutting temperature of first naphtha cut and diesel oil distillate is 160-200 DEG C；
The cutting temperature of the diesel oil distillate and heavy oil fraction is 340-370 DEG C.
3. the preparation method of coal base mixing high energy density fuel according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the oil
It is prepared by slurry：The heavy oil fraction, hydrocracking catalyst and vulcanizing agent are mixed at 100-250 DEG C, obtain oil
Slurry；
The hydrocracking reaction is floating bed hydrocracking, and the reaction temperature of the floating bed hydrocracking is 360-
490 DEG C, reaction pressure 8-26MPa, volume space velocity 0.2-3.0h-1, hydrogen to oil volume ratio 500-2200；
The distillation cutting temperature of the cracked naphtha fraction and cracked diesel oil fraction is 170-200 DEG C.
4. the preparation method of coal base mixing high energy density fuel according to claim 3, which is characterized in that described adds
The active component of hydrogen Cracking catalyst is at least one of molybdenum, nickel, cobalt, tungsten and iron, the grain of the hydrocracking catalyst
Sub- diameter is 1-200 μm；
The active component of the hydrocracking catalyst and the weight ratio of heavy oil fraction are 0.2-5:100.
5. the preparation method of coal base mixing high energy density fuel according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described adds
Hydrogen upgrading uses plus hydrogen upgrading catalyst is catalyzed；
When described plus hydrogen upgrading is expansion bed hydroprocessing upgrading, described plus hydrogen upgrading reaction pressure is 5-20MPa, reaction temperature
Degree is 290-440 DEG C, volume space velocity 0.2-3.0h-1；
When described plus hydrogen upgrading is fixed bed hydrogenation upgrading, described plus hydrogen upgrading reaction pressure is 6-30MPa, reaction temperature
Degree is 300-460 DEG C, volume space velocity 0.5-4.0h-1, hydrogen-oil ratio 200-2500.
6. the preparation method of coal base mixing high energy density fuel according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described adds
Hydrogen purification is catalyzed using Hydrobon catalyst；The Hydrobon catalyst includes active metal and carrier；
When the hydrofinishing is that boiling bed hydrogenation refines, the active metal be in VIB and group VIII metal at least
It is a kind of；The carrier is at least one of aluminium oxide, silica, alumina-silica aluminium and titanium oxide；
When the hydrofinishing is that fixed bed hydrogenation refines, the active metal be in VIB and group VIII metal at least
It is a kind of；The carrier is inorganic oxide or molecular sieve；The reaction temperature of the hydrofinishing is 200-460 DEG C, reaction
Pressure is 6-21MPa, volume space velocity 0.2-4.0h-1, hydrogen-oil ratio 300-2000.
7. the preparation method of coal base mixing high energy density fuel according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described adds
Adding agent includes flash-point enhancer, antiwear additive, tackifier, antistatic agent and antioxidant；
The flash-point enhancer accounts for the 0.1-2 ‰ of the coal base mixing high energy density fuel weight；
The antiwear additive is oil soluble liquid class antiwear additive, accounts for the 1-3 ‰ of the coal base mixing high energy density fuel weight；
The tackifier is polyalkenes tackifier, accounts for the 0.01-0.5% of the coal base mixing high energy density fuel weight；
The antistatic agent is T1502 antistatic agent, accounts for the 0.1-1 ‰ of the coal base mixing high energy density fuel weight；
The antioxidant is phenol type antioxidant, accounts for the 1-5 ‰ of the coal base mixing high energy density fuel weight.
8. a kind of coal base mixes high energy density fuel, which is characterized in that prepared by the described in any item methods of claim 1-7
And it obtains；The density of the coal base mixing high energy density fuel is 0.88-0.93g/cm3, the energy density is 37-
42MJ/L。
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