A kind of machine casting moulding sand binder
Technical field
The invention belongs to machine casting technical fields, and in particular to a kind of machine casting moulding sand binder.
Background technique
Moulding sand binder is that loose casting model powder can be bonded together to a kind of moulding for making molding sand or core sand
Material.The surface that sand grains is coated on after binder and sand grains mixing becomes adhensive membrane, so that sand grains is sticky mutually, to assign
Sand mold and type core are given with enough intensity, makes it that will not deform and be crushed in carrying, assembling and casting process.
The quality of sand mold will directly influence the quality of casting, the bad meeting of sand-mould quality so that casting generate stomata, sand holes,
The defects of scab, burning into sand, good sand mold should be provided simultaneously with following performance:(1) gas permeability;(2) intensity;(3) fire resistance;
(4) plasticity;(5) deformability.
Currently, the binder for moulding, coremaking during machine casting is broadly divided into organic and inorganic two major classes,
Organic binder, i.e. organic resin binder, adhesive strength is high, and curing agent is liquid, is easy to implement the quantitative production of automation,
And dust pollution is not generated during mulling, but organic resin sand is easy to produce toxic gas in casting process, such as
Bioxin, ammonia, sulfur dioxide etc., environmental pollution is more serious;Inorganic binder because its be not likely to produce toxic gas, raw material at
This is low and becomes the focus development direction of moulding sand binder.Currently, having clay and waterglass using more inorganic binder.It is existing
Some inorganic binders are further increasing moulding-sand property, it is ensured that still to be improved on casting quality.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of machine casting moulding sand binders, improve the comprehensive performance of sand mold, it is ensured that
The quality of casting.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention is achieved by the following scheme:
A kind of machine casting moulding sand binder, it includes following heavy for being used to prepare the feedstock composition of the moulding sand binder
Measure the raw material of part:80~130 parts of clay powder, 4.8~19.5 parts of coal gangue powder, 40~60 parts of alumino-silicate, diatomite 30~70
Part, 5~10 parts of crushed crude pearlite, 8~20 parts of nano silicon micronization, 140~200 parts of deionized water.
In further technical solution, the mass ratio of the coal gangue powder and clay powder is (0.06~0.15):1.
In further technical solution, the mesh number of the crushed crude pearlite is 90~120 mesh.
In further technical solution, the nano silicon micronization is that powdery silicon of the average grain diameter in 30~60nm is micro-
Powder.
Preferably, the feedstock composition for being used to prepare the moulding sand binder includes the raw material of following parts by weight:It is viscous
100 parts of native powder, 50 parts of alumino-silicate, 55 parts of diatomite, 8 parts of crushed crude pearlite, 15 parts of nano silicon micronization, is gone at 15 parts of coal gangue powder
160 parts of ionized water.
Preferably, the feedstock composition for being used to prepare the moulding sand binder includes the raw material of following parts by weight:It is viscous
110 parts of native powder, 45 parts of alumino-silicate, 60 parts of diatomite, 7 parts of crushed crude pearlite, 16 parts of nano silicon micronization, is gone at 14 parts of coal gangue powder
180 parts of ionized water.
Preferably, the feedstock composition for being used to prepare the moulding sand binder includes the raw material of following parts by weight:It is viscous
95 parts of native powder, 8 parts of coal gangue powder, 55 parts of alumino-silicate, 50 parts of diatomite, 8 parts of crushed crude pearlite, 16 parts of nano silicon micronization, go from
170 parts of sub- water.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects:
In the present invention, by being mixed with coal gangue powder, alumino-silicate, diatomite, crushed crude pearlite and nanometer in clay powder
Silicon powder, mutual coordinated between each raw material component, improves the comprehensive performance of sand mold, it is ensured that the casting being prepared
Quality.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in subsequent specific embodiment.
Specific embodiment
In order to be easy to understand the technical means, the creative features, the aims and the efficiencies achieved by the present invention, tie below
Specific embodiment is closed, the present invention is furture elucidated.
The present invention provides a kind of machine casting moulding sand binders, are used to prepare the material combination of the moulding sand binder
Object includes the raw material of following parts by weight:80~130 parts of clay powder, 8~20 parts of coal gangue powder, 40~60 parts of alumino-silicate, diatom
Native 30~70 parts, 5~10 parts of crushed crude pearlite, 8~20 parts of nano silicon micronization, 140~200 parts of deionized water.
In the present invention, with traditional moulding sand binder, clay powder is mixed with gangue as main material in clay powder
Powder, alumino-silicate, diatomite, crushed crude pearlite and nano silicon micronization.
Heretofore described coal gangue powder is powdered substance made of being crushed as gangue, and gangue is to mine
The solid waste discharged during journey and coal washing is a kind of low with a kind of phosphorus content of coal seam association in coalification course, ratio
The hard black and gray rock of coal, the main component of gangue have Al2O3、SiO2, in addition also contain Fe in varying numbers2O3、CaO、
MgO、Na2O、K2O、P2O5、SO3With micro rare element (gallium, vanadium, titanium, cobalt);In the prior art, gangue is as solid waste
Object, not only accumulation land occupation, but also combustion pollution air can also be produced from or cause fire, therefore the development and utilization of gangue are also one
A technical problem urgently to be resolved, in the present invention, as moulding sand binder after coal gangue powder is mixed with clay powder, molding sand at
During being poured high temperature fluent metal after type, high temperature fluent metal can make the trace carbon in coal gangue powder react,
Bright carbon film is generated on the contact surface of sand mold and liquid metal so that it is guaranteed that casting can separate well with sand mold, and have
The scab for preventing casting and burning into sand defect of effect;Meanwhile under high temperature action oxidation reaction occurs for the carbon that sand mold outer layer contains,
It generates carbon dioxide gas to overflow, and forms gap structure from inside to outside in sand mold, it is ensured that the permeability of sand mold, this
It is extremely beneficial to being smoothly discharged for bulk gas is generated after high temperature fluent metal casting.
In the present invention, the phosphorus content of the gangue is 10~20%, and the preparation method of coal gangue powder is, by gangue with
Lime stone is 1 according to mass ratio:(0.3~0.7) is mixed, and then the temperature lower calcination at 110~130 DEG C handles 1~3h,
Then levigate to be less than 0.05mm to granularity, obtain coal gangue powder;By the addition of lime stone, under high temperature action, in gangue
Kaolinite be changed into ten dicalcium of dicalcium silicate and seven aluminium, the dicalcium silicate in the steady state of being situated between generates during crystal transition
Volume expansion can achieve as many as 10%, cause dicalcium silicate together with mineral composition dusting together.In this way, greatly reducing
Gangue is broken into the energy consumption of coal gangue powder.
In the present invention, the dosage of gangue influences its effect played in clay powder, when the dosage of gangue is very few, nothing
Method forms carbon film structure, is easy to appear the surface defect of casting, and when the dosage of gangue is excessive, it will affect the strong of whole sand mold
Degree.Under optimum condition, the mass ratio of the coal gangue powder and clay powder is (0.06~0.15):1.
The main component silica of heretofore described alumino-silicate, titanium oxide, aluminium oxide, iron oxide, magnesia,
Calcium oxide, sodium oxide molybdena and potassium oxide, wherein the total content of silica and aluminium oxide has been more than 70%, and the incorporation of alumino-silicate can
The fire resistance of sand mold is improved well, and ensures dimensional stability of sand mold during being poured high temperature fluent metal.
Heretofore described diatomite is a kind of biogenic siliceous sedimentary rock, it is mainly by the remains of ancient times diatom
It is formed.Its chemical component is with SiO2Based on, SiO can be used2·nH2O is indicated.Diatomite has fine and smooth, loose, light, porous, suction
The aqueous and strong feature of permeability.During sand mold is poured high temperature fluent metal, a large amount of gas is generated in sand mold, these
Gas must by being smoothly discharged in casting mold, otherwise will make casting generate stomata, misrun the defects of, in general, sand mold
In sand grains partial size it is larger, it can be ensured that preferable permeability, but be affected for cast(ing) surface performance;The grain of sand grains
Spend it is thinner, sand mold compactability is higher, then permeability is poorer, the present invention ensure sand mold have the higher degree of packing under the premise of,
By the incorporation of diatomite, the overall air permeability energy of sand mold is improved, so that it is guaranteed that the good casting of appearance condition can be cast out
Part.
In the present invention, the effect of the crushed crude pearlite and nano silicon micronization is to be filled in sand mold, further to improve
The degree of packing of sand mold, it is ensured that the casting of good surface appearance is prepared, reduces the surface defect of casting.Under optimum condition, institute
The mesh number for stating crushed crude pearlite is 90~120 mesh.The nano silicon micronization is powdery silicon powder of the average grain diameter in 30~60nm.
In the present invention, above-mentioned be used to prepare between the feedstock composition of moulding sand binder mutually acts synergistically, and is ensuring sand
Under the premise of the type degree of packing, the permeability of sand mold is improved, so that it is guaranteed that the appearance of casting, prevents defect, outer
See bad phenomenon.
The preparation method of the moulding sand binder is to weigh raw material by formula ratio, successively by coal gangue powder, alumino-silicate,
Diatomite, crushed crude pearlite and nanometer silicon particle are add to deionized water, and after being uniformly mixed, are added under stirring conditions
Clay powder is persistently stirred to get the moulding sand binder.
The present invention also provides a kind of sand mold manufactured using above-mentioned moulding sand binder, the forming method packets of the sand mold
Include following steps:
(1) quartz sand and above-mentioned moulding sand binder are added in mixer and are stirred and evenly mixed, obtain raw mixture;
(2) raw mixture in step (1) is poured into model, stands molding at normal temperature, spontaneously dried, obtain
Sand mold.
The quartz sand include partial size be 20~50 mesh, 50~70 mesh, 70~90 mesh quartz sand powder in mass ratio
It is 1:(1.5~3.5):(4~6.5) mix.
Under optimum condition, the mass ratio of the quartz sand and moulding sand binder is 1:(0.4~0.5).
The preparation method of sand mold provided by the invention, it is simple and convenient, it is thus only necessary to which that the shaping raw material for sand mold of stocking up is stocked up
Quartz sand.Sand mold can be molded after above-mentioned moulding sand binder is mixed with quartz sand.
Moulding sand binder provided by the invention is made further instructions below by way of specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1
A kind of machine casting moulding sand binder, it includes following heavy for being used to prepare the feedstock composition of the moulding sand binder
Measure the raw material of part:100 parts of clay powder, 15 parts of coal gangue powder, 50 parts of alumino-silicate, 55 parts of diatomite, crushed crude pearlite (100 mesh) 8
Part, 15 parts of nano silicon micronization (50nm), 160 parts of deionized water;;
Raw material is weighed by formula ratio, successively by coal gangue powder, alumino-silicate, diatomite, crushed crude pearlite and nanometer silicon particle
It is add to deionized water, after being uniformly mixed, clay powder is added under stirring conditions, is persistently stirred to get institute
The moulding sand binder stated;
Above-mentioned moulding sand binder is added in mixer with quartz sand and is stirred evenly, raw mixture is obtained, then will
Raw mixture pours into model, stands molding at normal temperature, spontaneously dries, obtains sand mold.
The quartz sand include partial size be 20~50 mesh, 50~70 mesh, 70~90 mesh quartz sand powder in mass ratio
It is 1:2.5:5.5 mixing;The mass ratio of the quartz sand and moulding sand binder is 1:0.45.
Embodiment 2
A kind of machine casting moulding sand binder, it includes following heavy for being used to prepare the feedstock composition of the moulding sand binder
Measure the raw material of part:110 parts of clay powder, 14 parts of coal gangue powder, 45 parts of alumino-silicate, 60 parts of diatomite, crushed crude pearlite (100 mesh) 7
Part, 16 parts of nano silicon micronization (50nm), 180 parts of deionized water;
Raw material is weighed by formula ratio, successively by coal gangue powder, alumino-silicate, diatomite, crushed crude pearlite and nanometer silicon particle
It is add to deionized water, after being uniformly mixed, clay powder is added under stirring conditions, is persistently stirred to get institute
The moulding sand binder stated;
Above-mentioned moulding sand binder is added in mixer with quartz sand and is stirred evenly, raw mixture is obtained, then will
Raw mixture pours into model, stands molding at normal temperature, spontaneously dries, obtains sand mold.
The quartz sand include partial size be 20~50 mesh, 50~70 mesh, 70~90 mesh quartz sand powder in mass ratio
It is 1:2.5:5.5 mixing;The mass ratio of the quartz sand and moulding sand binder is 1:0.45.
Embodiment 3
A kind of machine casting moulding sand binder, it includes following heavy for being used to prepare the feedstock composition of the moulding sand binder
Measure the raw material of part:95 parts of clay powder, 8 parts of coal gangue powder, 55 parts of alumino-silicate, 50 parts of diatomite, 8 parts of crushed crude pearlite (100 mesh),
16 parts of nano silicon micronization (50nm), 170 parts of deionized water;
Raw material is weighed by formula ratio, successively by coal gangue powder, alumino-silicate, diatomite, crushed crude pearlite and nanometer silicon particle
It is add to deionized water, after being uniformly mixed, clay powder is added under stirring conditions, is persistently stirred to get institute
The moulding sand binder stated;
Above-mentioned moulding sand binder is added in mixer with quartz sand and is stirred evenly, raw mixture is obtained, then will
Raw mixture pours into model, stands molding at normal temperature, spontaneously dries, obtains sand mold.
The quartz sand include partial size be 20~50 mesh, 50~70 mesh, 70~90 mesh quartz sand powder in mass ratio
It is 1:2.5:5.5 mixing;The mass ratio of the quartz sand and moulding sand binder is 1:0.45.
Embodiment 4
A kind of machine casting moulding sand binder, it includes following heavy for being used to prepare the feedstock composition of the moulding sand binder
Measure the raw material of part:80 parts of clay powder, 4.8 parts of coal gangue powder, 40 parts of alumino-silicate, 30 parts of diatomite, crushed crude pearlite (100 mesh) 5
Part, 8 parts of nano silicon micronization (50nm), 140 parts of deionized water;
Raw material is weighed by formula ratio, successively by coal gangue powder, alumino-silicate, diatomite, crushed crude pearlite and nanometer silicon particle
It is add to deionized water, after being uniformly mixed, clay powder is added under stirring conditions, is persistently stirred to get institute
The moulding sand binder stated;
Above-mentioned moulding sand binder is added in mixer with quartz sand and is stirred evenly, raw mixture is obtained, then will
Raw mixture pours into model, stands molding at normal temperature, spontaneously dries, obtains sand mold.
The quartz sand include partial size be 20~50 mesh, 50~70 mesh, 70~90 mesh quartz sand powder in mass ratio
It is 1:2.5:5.5 mixing;The mass ratio of the quartz sand and moulding sand binder is 1:0.45.
Embodiment 5
A kind of machine casting moulding sand binder, it includes following heavy for being used to prepare the feedstock composition of the moulding sand binder
Measure the raw material of part:130 parts of clay powder, 19.5 parts of coal gangue powder, 60 parts of alumino-silicate, 70 parts of diatomite, crushed crude pearlite (100 mesh)
10 parts, 20 parts of nano silicon micronization (50nm), 200 parts of deionized water;
Raw material is weighed by formula ratio, successively by coal gangue powder, alumino-silicate, diatomite, crushed crude pearlite and nanometer silicon particle
It is add to deionized water, after being uniformly mixed, clay powder is added under stirring conditions, is persistently stirred to get institute
The moulding sand binder stated;
Above-mentioned moulding sand binder is added in mixer with quartz sand and is stirred evenly, raw mixture is obtained, then will
Raw mixture pours into model, stands molding at normal temperature, spontaneously dries, obtains sand mold.
The quartz sand include partial size be 20~50 mesh, 50~70 mesh, 70~90 mesh quartz sand powder in mass ratio
It is 1:2.5:5.5 mixing;The mass ratio of the quartz sand and moulding sand binder is 1:0.45.
Embodiment 6
It is different such as the machine casting moulding sand binder that embodiment 1 provides, and the sand mold prepared using the moulding sand binder
, the quartz sand include partial size be 20~50 mesh, 50~70 mesh, 70~90 mesh quartz sand powder be in mass ratio 1:
1.5:4 mix;Remaining is constant, obtains sand mold.
Embodiment 7
It is different such as the machine casting moulding sand binder that embodiment 1 provides, and the sand mold prepared using the moulding sand binder
, the quartz sand include partial size be 20~50 mesh, 50~70 mesh, 70~90 mesh quartz sand powder be in mass ratio 1:
3.5:6.5 mixing;Remaining is constant, obtains sand mold.
Embodiment 8
It is different such as the machine casting moulding sand binder that embodiment 1 provides, and the sand mold prepared using the moulding sand binder
, the mass ratio of the quartz sand and moulding sand binder is 1:0.4;Remaining is constant, obtains sand mold.
Embodiment 9
It is different such as the machine casting moulding sand binder that embodiment 1 provides, and the sand mold prepared using the moulding sand binder
, the mass ratio of the quartz sand and moulding sand binder is 1:0.5;Remaining is constant, obtains sand mold.
Comparative example 1
As embodiment 1 provide machine casting moulding sand binder, unlike, be used to prepare the moulding sand binder
Coal gangue powder is not contained in feedstock composition, remaining is constant, obtains moulding sand binder, and prepare sand using the moulding sand binder
Type.
Comparative example 2
As embodiment 1 provide machine casting moulding sand binder, unlike, be used to prepare the moulding sand binder
The content of gangue is 5 parts in feedstock composition, i.e.,:
The feedstock composition for being used to prepare the moulding sand binder includes the raw material of following parts by weight:100 parts of clay powder, coal
5 parts of spoil powder, 55 parts of diatomite, 8 parts of crushed crude pearlite (100 mesh), 15 parts of nano silicon micronization (50nm), is gone 50 parts of alumino-silicate
160 parts of ionized water;Remaining is constant, obtains moulding sand binder, and prepare sand mold using the moulding sand binder.
Comparative example 3
As embodiment 1 provide machine casting moulding sand binder, unlike, be used to prepare the moulding sand binder
Diatomite is not contained in feedstock composition, remaining is constant, obtains moulding sand binder, and prepare sand mold using the moulding sand binder.
Comparative example 4
As embodiment 1 provide machine casting moulding sand binder, unlike, be used to prepare the moulding sand binder
Crushed crude pearlite is not contained in feedstock composition, remaining is constant, obtains moulding sand binder, and prepare sand using the moulding sand binder
Type.
Comparative example 5
As embodiment 1 provide machine casting moulding sand binder, unlike, be used to prepare the moulding sand binder
Nano silicon micronization is not contained in feedstock composition, remaining is constant, obtains moulding sand binder, and prepare sand using the moulding sand binder
Type.
Comparative example 6
As embodiment 1 provide machine casting moulding sand binder, unlike, during preparing sand mold, use
Quartz sand total amount is constant, and partial size is changed to 20~50 mesh;Remaining is constant, obtains sand mold.
Comparative example 7
As embodiment 1 provide machine casting moulding sand binder, unlike, during preparing sand mold, the stone
The mass ratio of sand and moulding sand binder is 1:0.3;Remaining is constant, obtains sand mold.
Phase is carried out to the obtained moulding sand binder of above-described embodiment 1-9, comparative example 1-7 and sand mold according to following test method
Close the test of performance:
1, sand mold intensity
By sand mold make forStandard compression test, room temperature vulcanizing for 24 hours, are tested compression strength and are recorded
In table 1.(specific testing standard may refer to GB2684-81《Foundry sands and test mixture method》)
2, compression strength is remained
By sand mold make forStandard compression test, room temperature vulcanizing for 24 hours, then put it into 600 DEG C,
800 DEG C, 30min in 1000 DEG C of chamber type electric resistance furnace, are cooled to room temperature, the residual compression strength of test sample simultaneously records after taking-up
Into table 2.
3, cast(ing) surface state
Method by visual observation evaluates the cast(ing) surface after demoulding from casting mold.Evaluation criteria is:
○:Expression does not have molding sand trace, is smooth face;
△:Expression can recognize molding sand trace slightly, be slightly smooth face;
╳:It indicates that molding sand trace is obvious, is coarse face.
Test result is recorded in table 1.
Table 1:
Table 2:
Basic principles and main features and the features of the present invention of the invention have been shown and described above.The technology of the industry
Personnel are it should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and description only describe this
The principle of invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various changes and improvements may be made to the invention, these changes
Change and improvement is both fallen in the range of claimed invention.The scope of protection of present invention is by appended claims
And its equivalent thereof.