CN108854944B - Adsorbent for treating uranium-containing wastewater and application thereof - Google Patents
Adsorbent for treating uranium-containing wastewater and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108854944B CN108854944B CN201810774720.1A CN201810774720A CN108854944B CN 108854944 B CN108854944 B CN 108854944B CN 201810774720 A CN201810774720 A CN 201810774720A CN 108854944 B CN108854944 B CN 108854944B
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- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/10—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
- B01J20/12—Naturally occurring clays or bleaching earth
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- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/04—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
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- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
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- G21F9/12—Processing by absorption; by adsorption; by ion-exchange
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
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Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method and application of an adsorbent for treating uranium-containing wastewater. An adsorbent for treating uranium-containing wastewater, which is obtained by modifying brick powder: crushing and sieving the washed and dried bricks to obtain brick powder; and (2) mixing the brick powder and a sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 0.5-3 mol/L according to the mass ratio: mixing according to the volume ratio of 1: 1-5; placing the mixture of the brick powder and the sodium hydroxide solution in a constant-temperature oscillator for oscillation for 2-24 hours, and performing modification treatment to obtain modified brick powder; and filtering the obtained brick powder subjected to modification treatment, and air-drying or drying under natural conditions to obtain the adsorbent for treating uranium-containing wastewater. Adding the prepared adsorbent into uranium-containing wastewater, placing the uranium-containing wastewater in a constant temperature oscillator for oscillation adsorption for 1-24 hours, and then adsorbing and removing uranyl ions in water.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for treating uranium-containing radioactive wastewater and preparation of an adsorbent thereof, in particular to a method for preparing an adsorbent by using building rubbish brick powder as a raw material and using the adsorbent to treat uranium-containing wastewater.
Background
With the development of nuclear technology, uranium-containing wastewater in the production process of nuclear industry is more and more, the wastewater not only has radioactivity, but also has strong chemical toxicity, and in order to reduce the influence of the wastewater on the environment, the wastewater needs to be treated before being discharged.
The adsorption method is a traditional and earliest-applied water treatment technology, has the advantages of simple operation, convenient use, high treatment efficiency and the like, and is widely applied to industrial wastewater treatment. However, the research stage is still available on how to achieve better uranium removal effect by using the adsorption method and what kind of adsorbent is used for effective uranium-containing wastewater treatment.
In research, the adsorbent prepared by using the construction waste-waste bricks and used for treating uranium-containing wastewater has a good uranium removal effect. And at present, no patent and literature report about preparing the adsorbent by using brick powder and using the adsorbent to treat uranium-containing wastewater is found.
The Chinese invention patent 201610873719.5 discloses a sodium hydroxide modified waste brick, a composite material based on the waste brick and a method for adsorbing heavy metals in water by using the waste brick, and aims to remove heavy metal ions with positive charges. However, the preparation process of the patent is very complicated, and in addition to soaking with a high-concentration sodium hydroxide solution, heating, ultrasonic treatment and reaction in a tetrahydrofuran solution of titanium tetrachloride are required.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an adsorbent for treating uranium-containing wastewater and a uranium-containing wastewater treatment method thereof, wherein the adsorbent is prepared from brick powder and is used for treating uranium-containing wastewater, the adsorption uranium removal effect is better within the range that the concentration of uranyl ions in the uranium-containing wastewater is 1-57 mg/L, and a new way is provided for resource utilization of waste bricks.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
an adsorbent for treating uranium-containing wastewater is obtained by modifying brick powder, and is prepared by the following steps:
1) cleaning the collected bricks, air-drying or drying the bricks under natural conditions, crushing the dried bricks, and sieving the crushed bricks with a 40-200-mesh sieve to obtain brick powder;
2) weighing brick powder with a certain mass, and mixing the brick powder and a sodium hydroxide solution according to the mass ratio: mixing according to the volume ratio of 1: 1-5; the unit of mass is g/Kg, and the unit of volume is m L/L; the concentration of the used sodium hydroxide solution is 0.5-3 mol/L;
3) placing the mixture of the brick powder and the sodium hydroxide solution in a constant-temperature oscillator for oscillation for 2-24 hours, and carrying out modification treatment to obtain modified brick powder;
4) and filtering the modified brick powder, and air-drying or drying under natural conditions to obtain the adsorbent for treating uranium-containing wastewater.
The adsorbent for treating the uranium-containing wastewater is applied to uranium-containing wastewater treatment.
A method for treating uranium-containing wastewater by using modified brick powder comprises the following steps:
1) modifying the brick powder to prepare the adsorbent, wherein the process comprises the following steps:
(1) cleaning the collected bricks, air-drying or drying the bricks under natural conditions, crushing the dried bricks, and sieving the crushed bricks with a 40-200-mesh sieve to obtain brick powder;
(2) weighing brick powder with a certain mass, and mixing the brick powder and a sodium hydroxide solution according to the mass ratio: mixing according to the volume ratio of 1: 1-5; the mass unit is g/Kg, the volume unit is m L/L, and the concentration of the used sodium hydroxide solution is 0.5-3 mol/L;
(3) placing the mixture of the brick powder and the sodium hydroxide solution in a constant-temperature oscillator for oscillation for 2-24 hours, and carrying out modification treatment to obtain modified brick powder;
(4) filtering the modified brick powder, and air-drying or drying under natural conditions to obtain an adsorbent for treating uranium-containing wastewater;
2) adding 0.05-1.2 g of adsorbent into 25mL of uranium-containing wastewater with the pH value of 2-7, and placing the uranium-containing wastewater in a constant temperature oscillator for oscillation adsorption for 1-24 hours; the uranium concentration in the uranium-containing wastewater is 1-57 mg/L.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the adsorbent for treating uranium-containing wastewater is simple in preparation process, does not need large-scale instruments and equipment, and is easy to realize. The modified brick adsorbent can be obtained by only cleaning, crushing and drying the waste bricks, adding the waste bricks into a sodium hydroxide solution with a lower concentration for modification for 2-24 hours, and drying.
2. The adsorbent for treating uranium-containing wastewater has a good uranium adsorption effect and a good application prospect. The removal object is uranyl sulfate ions with negative charges, and the uranium adsorption and removal effect is better when the uranium concentration in the uranium-containing wastewater is 1-57 mg/L.
3. The adsorbent for treating uranium-containing wastewater is prepared by using waste bricks on construction sites, so that waste utilization is realized, and the problem of environmental protection is solved. The raw material source is sufficient, and the cost is low.
4. The uranium-bearing wastewater treatment method is simple to operate, easy to realize, good in uranium removing effect of wastewater treatment, economic, environment-friendly and efficient. The uranium adsorption and removal effect is better when the uranium concentration in the uranium-containing wastewater is 1-57 mg/L.
Drawings
FIG. 1: brick powder and sodium hydroxide solution quality: the influence of the concentration of sodium hydroxide on the adsorption of uranium by the modified brick is realized under the condition of a certain volume ratio (1: 4).
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the following embodiments. The following examples refer to the masses: volume ratio, mass units are measured in grams or kilograms, volume units correspond to milliliters or liters.
Example 1
The adsorbent for treating uranium-containing wastewater is obtained by modifying brick powder, and the preparation process comprises the following steps:
1) cleaning the collected bricks, air-drying or drying the bricks under natural conditions, crushing the dried bricks, and sieving the crushed bricks with a 40-200-mesh sieve to obtain brick powder;
2) weighing brick powder with a certain mass, and mixing the brick powder and a sodium hydroxide solution according to the mass ratio: mixing according to the volume ratio of 1: 1-5; the mass unit is g/Kg, and the volume unit is/L; the concentration of the used sodium hydroxide solution is 0.5-3 mol/L;
3) placing the mixture of the brick powder and the sodium hydroxide solution in a constant-temperature oscillator for oscillation for 2-24 hours (20-30 ℃, 120-200 r/min), and carrying out modification treatment to obtain modified brick powder;
4) and filtering the modified brick powder, and air-drying or drying under natural conditions to obtain the adsorbent for treating uranium-containing wastewater. The adsorbent is added into the uranium-bearing wastewater to be treated, so that uranyl ions in the water can be removed.
Example 2
The difference between the preparation method of the adsorbent for treating uranium-containing wastewater by using brick powder in this embodiment and the embodiment 1 is that: in the step 2), mixing the pretreated brick powder and 0.5-3 mol/L sodium hydroxide solution according to the mass ratio: mixing at a volume ratio of 1: 1-1: 5, preferably 1: 4.
Example 3
The adsorbent for treating uranium-containing wastewater of the present example is different from that of example 1 in that: the concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 0.5-1 mol/L. The mixing ratio of the brick powder to the sodium hydroxide solution is 1: 1-5; preferably 1: 4.
Example 4
The adsorbent for treating uranium-containing wastewater of the present example is different from that of example 1 in that: the concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 1-1.5 mol/L. The mixing ratio of the brick powder to the sodium hydroxide solution is 1: 1-5; preferably 1: 3.
Example 5
The adsorbent for treating uranium-containing wastewater of the present example is different from that of example 1 in that: the concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 1.5-2 mol/L. The mixing ratio of the brick powder to the sodium hydroxide solution is 1: 2-3.
Example 6
The adsorbent for treating uranium-containing wastewater of the present example is different from that of example 1 in that: the concentration of the used sodium hydroxide solution is 2-3 mol/L. The mixing ratio of the brick powder to the sodium hydroxide solution is 1: 1-2.
Example 7
The embodiment is a method for treating uranium-containing wastewater by using modified brick powder, and the method comprises the following steps:
1) modifying the brick powder to prepare the adsorbent, wherein the process comprises the following steps:
(1) cleaning the collected bricks, air-drying or drying the bricks under natural conditions, crushing the dried bricks, and sieving the crushed bricks with a 40-200-mesh sieve to obtain brick powder;
(2) weighing brick powder with a certain mass, and mixing the brick powder and a sodium hydroxide solution according to the mass ratio: mixing according to the volume ratio of 1: 1-5; the mass unit is g/Kg, the volume unit is m L/L, and the concentration of the used sodium hydroxide solution is 0.5-3 mol/L;
(3) placing the mixture of the brick powder and the sodium hydroxide solution in a constant-temperature oscillator for oscillation for 2-24 hours, and carrying out modification treatment to obtain modified brick powder;
(4) filtering the modified brick powder, and air-drying or drying under natural conditions to obtain an adsorbent for treating uranium-containing wastewater;
2) adding 0.05-1.2 g of adsorbent into 25mL of uranium-containing wastewater with the pH value of 2-7, and placing the uranium-containing wastewater in a constant temperature oscillator for oscillation and adsorption for 1-24 hours (10-40 ℃, 120-200 r/min); the uranium concentration in the uranium-containing wastewater is 1-57 mg/L.
Example 8
The difference between the uranium-bearing wastewater treatment method of this example and example 7 is: the uranium concentration in the uranium-containing wastewater is 1-15 mg/L, and the pH value of the uranium-containing wastewater is 4-7.
Example 9
The difference between the uranium-bearing wastewater treatment method of this example and example 7 is: the uranium concentration in the uranium-containing wastewater is 7-10 mg/L, and the pH value of the uranium-containing wastewater is 4-5.
As shown in fig. 1, the mass of brick powder and sodium hydroxide solution is: the influence of the concentration of sodium hydroxide on the adsorption of uranium by the modified brick is realized under the condition of a certain volume ratio (1: 4).
As can be seen from fig. 1, the concentration change of the modifying agent sodium hydroxide has a significant effect on the uranium adsorption removal effect of the modified brick, that is, the brick is modified by the sodium hydroxide to increase the uranium adsorption effect.
The invention is further illustrated below with reference to laboratory findings. Experiments prove that the modified brick adsorbent prepared by the method has a good uranium adsorption and removal effect within the uranium-bearing wastewater uranyl ion concentration of 1-57 mg/L.
Experiment 1
Washing the collected bricks with tap water, drying, crushing, adding 60 mL of 2mol/L sodium hydroxide solution into 15g of river sand (200 meshes), mixing, placing in a constant temperature oscillator for oscillation for 24 hours (25 ℃, 200 r/min), filtering the bricks soaked in the sodium hydroxide solution, and drying to obtain the modified brick adsorbent. Weighing 1.0 g of brick adsorbent, adding the brick adsorbent into 25.00 uranium solution, adjusting the pH to 5, adsorbing the mixture for 24 hours in a 200rpm oscillation box at 25 ℃, filtering the mixture by using slow filter paper, measuring the concentration of residual U (VI) by using a visible spectrophotometer at the wavelength of 578 nm, and calculating the adsorption rate of uranium to be 90.53 percent.
Experiment 2
Washing the collected bricks with tap water, drying, crushing, adding 60 mL of 0.5 mol/L sodium hydroxide solution into 15g of river sand (200 meshes), mixing, placing in a constant temperature oscillator for oscillation for 24 hours (25 ℃, 200 r/min), filtering the bricks soaked in the sodium hydroxide solution, and drying to obtain the modified brick adsorbent. Weighing 1.0 g of brick adsorbent, adding the brick adsorbent into 25.00 uranium solution, adjusting the pH to 5, adsorbing the mixture for 24 hours in a 200rpm oscillation box at 25 ℃, filtering the mixture by using slow filter paper, measuring the concentration of residual U (VI) by using a visible spectrophotometer at the wavelength of 578 nm, and calculating the adsorption rate of uranium to be 62.51%.
Experiment 3
Washing the collected bricks with tap water, drying, crushing, adding 60 mL of 1mol/L sodium hydroxide solution into 15g of river sand (200 meshes), mixing, placing in a constant temperature oscillator for oscillation for 24 hours (25 ℃, 200 r/min), filtering the bricks soaked in the sodium hydroxide solution, and drying to obtain the modified brick adsorbent. Weighing 1.0 g of brick adsorbent, adding the brick adsorbent into 25.00 uranium solution, adjusting the pH to 5, adsorbing the mixture for 24 hours in a 200rpm oscillation box at 25 ℃, filtering the mixture by using slow filter paper, measuring the concentration of residual U (VI) by using a visible spectrophotometer at the wavelength of 578 nm, and calculating the adsorption rate of uranium to be 70.14%.
Experiment 4
Washing the collected bricks with tap water, drying, crushing, adding 60 mL of 1.5mol/L sodium hydroxide solution into 15g of river sand (200 meshes), mixing, placing in a constant temperature oscillator for oscillation for 24 hours (25 ℃, 200 r/min), filtering the bricks soaked in the sodium hydroxide solution, and drying to obtain the modified brick adsorbent. Weighing 1.0 g of brick adsorbent, adding the brick adsorbent into 25.00 uranium solution, adjusting the pH to 5, adsorbing the mixture for 24 hours in a 200rpm oscillation box at 25 ℃, filtering the mixture by using slow filter paper, measuring the concentration of residual U (VI) by using a visible spectrophotometer at the wavelength of 578 nm, and calculating the adsorption rate of uranium to be 85.89%.
Experiment 5
Washing the collected bricks with tap water, drying, crushing, adding 60 mL of 3mol/L sodium hydroxide solution into 15g of river sand (140 meshes), mixing, placing in a constant temperature oscillator for oscillation for 24 hours (25 ℃, 200 r/min), filtering the bricks soaked in the sodium hydroxide solution, and drying to obtain the modified brick adsorbent. Weighing 1.0 g of brick adsorbent, adding the brick adsorbent into 25.00 uranium solution, adjusting the pH to 5, adsorbing the mixture for 24 hours in a 200rpm oscillation box at 25 ℃, filtering the mixture by using slow filter paper, measuring the concentration of residual U (VI) by using a visible spectrophotometer at the wavelength of 578 nm, and calculating the adsorption rate of uranium to be 89.15%.
Experiment 6
Washing the collected bricks with tap water, drying, crushing, adding 40 mL of 2mol/L sodium hydroxide solution into 15g of river sand (140 meshes), mixing, placing in a constant-temperature oscillator for oscillation for 12 hours (25 ℃, 200 r/min), filtering the bricks soaked in the sodium hydroxide solution, and drying to obtain the modified brick adsorbent. Weighing 1.0 g of brick adsorbent, adding the brick adsorbent into 25.00 uranium solution, adjusting the pH to 4, adsorbing for 3 hours in a 200rpm oscillation box at 25 ℃, filtering by using slow filter paper, measuring the concentration of residual U (VI) by using a visible spectrophotometer at the wavelength of 578 nm, and calculating the adsorption rate of uranium to be 92.53%.
Experiment 7
Washing the collected bricks with tap water, drying, crushing, adding 40 mL of 2mol/L sodium hydroxide solution into 15g of river sand (140 meshes), mixing, placing in a constant-temperature oscillator for oscillation for 12 hours (25 ℃, 200 r/min), filtering the bricks soaked in the sodium hydroxide solution, and drying to obtain the modified brick adsorbent. Weighing 0.4 g of brick adsorbent, adding the brick adsorbent into 25.00 uranium solution, adjusting the pH to 5, adsorbing for 3 hours in a 200rpm oscillation box at 25 ℃, filtering by using slow filter paper, measuring the concentration of residual U (VI) by using a visible spectrophotometer at the wavelength of 578 nm, and calculating the adsorption rate of uranium to be 96.04%.
Claims (3)
1. A method for treating uranium-containing wastewater by using an adsorbent for treating uranium-containing wastewater is characterized by comprising the following steps:
adding 0.05-1.2 g of adsorbent into 25mL of uranium-containing wastewater with the pH value of 2-7, and placing the uranium-containing wastewater in a constant temperature oscillator for oscillation adsorption for 1-24 hours; the concentration of uranyl ions in the uranium-containing wastewater is 1-57 mg/L;
the adsorbent for treating uranium-containing wastewater is obtained by modifying brick powder, and the preparation process comprises the following steps:
1) cleaning the collected bricks, air-drying or drying the bricks under natural conditions, crushing the dried bricks, and sieving the crushed bricks with a 40-200-mesh sieve to obtain brick powder;
2) weighing brick powder with a certain mass, and mixing the brick powder and a sodium hydroxide solution according to the mass ratio: mixing according to the volume ratio of 1: 2-4; the unit of mass is g/Kg, and the unit of volume is m L/L; the concentration of the used sodium hydroxide solution is 1.5-3 mol/L;
3) placing the mixture of the brick powder and the sodium hydroxide solution in a constant-temperature oscillator for oscillation for 2-24 hours, and carrying out modification treatment to obtain modified brick powder;
4) and filtering the modified brick powder, and air-drying or drying under natural conditions to obtain the adsorbent for treating uranium-containing wastewater.
2. A method for uranium-bearing waste water treatment by using the adsorbent for uranium-bearing waste water according to claim 1, wherein: the uranium concentration in the uranium-containing wastewater is 1-15 mg/L, and the pH value of the uranium-containing wastewater is 4-7.
3. A method for uranium-bearing waste water treatment by using the adsorbent for uranium-bearing waste water according to claim 1, wherein: the uranium concentration in the uranium-containing wastewater is 7-10 mg/L, and the pH value of the uranium-containing wastewater is 4-5.
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| CN110898802B (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2022-05-24 | 南华大学 | Sludge-based biochar and preparation method and application thereof, acetic acid modified sludge-based biochar and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN106311131A (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2017-01-11 | 南京信息工程大学 | Sodium hydroxide modified waste brick, composite material based on waste brick and method for adsorbing heavy metals in water by composite material |
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| CN106311131A (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2017-01-11 | 南京信息工程大学 | Sodium hydroxide modified waste brick, composite material based on waste brick and method for adsorbing heavy metals in water by composite material |
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| Title |
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| Sorption and desorption of uranium(VI) on silica:experimental and modeling studies;Z. J. Guo et al.;《Radiochim. Acta》;20091231;第97卷;第133-140页 * |
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