CN108843274B - Hydraulic jet self-rotating scraper bit and carbon dioxide injection well blockage removal process - Google Patents

Hydraulic jet self-rotating scraper bit and carbon dioxide injection well blockage removal process Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108843274B
CN108843274B CN201810684308.0A CN201810684308A CN108843274B CN 108843274 B CN108843274 B CN 108843274B CN 201810684308 A CN201810684308 A CN 201810684308A CN 108843274 B CN108843274 B CN 108843274B
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frozen
rotating
carbon dioxide
self
plugging
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CN108843274A (en
Inventor
曹广胜
白玉杰
左继泽
杜童
鲍春雷
张海翔
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Northeast Petroleum University
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Northeast Petroleum University
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B37/00Methods or apparatus for cleaning boreholes or wells
    • E21B37/02Scrapers specially adapted therefor
    • E21B37/04Scrapers specially adapted therefor operated by fluid pressure, e.g. free-piston scrapers
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/16Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
    • E21B43/164Injecting CO2 or carbonated water

Abstract

The invention discloses a hydraulic jet self-rotating scraper bit and a carbon dioxide injection well blockage removing process, which solve the problems of low speed, high cost and complex operation of the conventional freezing blockage treatment mode; the self-rotating scraper bit is injected with the heating and pressurizing fluid through hydraulic jet, the frozen plugging layer is crushed and dissolved by means of the thermal melting effect of the injected fluid, the crushing effect of the scraper bit and the impact effect of the injected fluid, the purpose of plugging removal and drilling of the frozen plugging layer section is achieved, meanwhile, the circulating system carries the crushed frozen plugging debris out of the shaft in time, and continuous operation of the device is guaranteed. After the carbon dioxide injection well is frozen and blocked, the drill bit and the process have the advantages of simple operation, low construction cost and wide application range, and provide guarantee for large-scale application of a carbon dioxide flooding technology.

Description

Hydraulic jet self-rotating scraper bit and carbon dioxide injection well blockage removal process
Technical Field
The invention relates to a blockage removing method for solving the problem of freezing blockage caused by hydrates and other substances formed by contacting natural gas and water in a carbon dioxide injection well with gas injection and improved recovery efficiency.
Background
At present, for the development of low-permeability oil reservoirs, water injection development is difficult to supplement stratum energy, so that a development mode of injecting carbon dioxide is adopted in part of oil fields, a serious gas channeling phenomenon can be caused after a period of production by injecting carbon dioxide singly, and the condition can be greatly reduced by alternately injecting water and gas. However, once the carbon dioxide injection well stops injecting, a freezing and plugging phenomenon can be generated underground, according to investigation, the freezing and plugging time of the carbon dioxide injection well in a certain block in Daqing is as long as 168 days, the gas injection development effect is seriously influenced, and the wide application of the gas injection development in the oil field is inhibited.
For the gas injection well hydrate freezing and blocking phenomenon, non-mechanical treatment methods include a heating method, a depressurization method, a chemical reagent method and the like. Because the frozen plugging section is mainly concentrated in the shaft, and the packer is arranged in the annular space of the oil pipe and the casing pipe for ensuring the injection of gas. Therefore, the general treatment method is to inject high-temperature medicament, make the medicament act on the frozen plugging zone by utilizing the gravity settling effect, and simultaneously make the heat carried by the medicament act on the frozen plugging zone to accelerate the decomposition of the hydrate. The method has the advantages of low processing speed and serious medicament waste. In addition, there is a method of injecting high temperature steam to force the hydrate to be dissolved, but this method is expensive and has a slow unblocking speed. Mechanical treatment methods generally require pulling out the well head and tubing and use a large amount of manpower and material resources.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a hydraulic jet self-rotating drag bit and a process for deblocking a carbon dioxide injection well by using the bit, and solves the problems of low speed, high cost and complex operation of the conventional freezing and blocking treatment mode.
In a first aspect, there is provided a hydraulic jet self-rotating drag bit for unblocking frozen plugs in a carbon dioxide injection well, comprising:
a rotating shaft;
the rotating shaft is connected with a self-rotating mechanism and a scraper drill bit;
the rotating shaft is provided with a spiral flow passage;
the spiral liquid flow conveyed by the spiral flow channel impacts the self-rotating mechanism to rotate;
the self-rotating mechanism rotates to drive the scraper bit to cut the frozen blockage.
Preferably, the self-rotating mechanism includes:
a body connected with the rotating shaft;
the body is internally provided with an impeller structure;
the impeller structure is impacted by the spiral liquid flow to generate a rotating torque;
the rotating torque drives the rotating shaft to rotate.
Preferably, the spiral flow passage is formed by a spiral water pipe, and the spiral water pipe is fixed on the rotating shaft.
Preferably, the hydrajetting self-rotating drag bit further comprises:
An outer cylinder;
the rotating shaft is fixed at the center of the outer cylinder through a bearing;
the bottom end of the outer cylinder is connected with a gland.
In a second aspect, a carbon dioxide injection well plugging removal process is provided, which comprises the following steps:
(1) the hydraulic jet self-rotating scraper bit detachably connected with the connecting pipe is conveyed into the frozen blocking layer in the oil pipe from the well mouth;
(2) injecting pressurized liquid into the spiral flow channel of the hydraulic jet self-rotating drag bit;
(3) the pressurized liquid drives a scraper of the drill bit to cut and drill into the frozen plugging layer, and a jet impact effect is generated on frozen plugging objects forming the frozen plugging layer, so that the frozen plugging objects are hydraulically crushed and dissolved;
(4) debris of the frozen plug is drained back through the wellhead assembly with the pressurized fluid from an annulus between the tubing and the connecting tube.
Preferably, the pressurized liquid is hot water.
Preferably, the connection pipe includes:
an inner tube;
the inner pipe is sequentially provided with a steel wire winding layer, a rubber middle layer and a metal shell from inside to outside in the radial direction;
a hose is sleeved outside the inner pipe;
the hose is composed of a plurality of hose single sections;
the single sections of the hose are sequentially connected in the longitudinal direction to form the hose;
The hose nipple is used for ensuring that the hose can be bent and wound and maintaining the strength of the connecting pipe.
Preferably, the lower end of the connecting pipe is connected with a hydraulic variable-diameter centralizer;
the hydraulic variable-diameter centralizer is characterized in that a body of the centralizer is a cylinder, and a reset element is arranged on the outer wall of the body;
during the process of lowering the connecting pipe and the hydraulic jet self-rotating scraper bit, the resetting element retracts into the body, and the connecting pipe and the hydraulic jet self-rotating scraper bit pass through the wellhead;
when pressurized liquid is injected, the reset element extends out and is supported on the inner wall of the oil pipe, and the connecting pipe and the hydraulic jet self-rotating scraper bit are righted to be lowered to the frozen blocking layer.
Preferably, the carbon dioxide injection well plugging removal process is further provided with a pressurized water circulation system, and the pressurized water circulation system comprises a water treatment device, a heating mechanism and a pumping mechanism;
the water treatment device is used for removing the debris of the frozen plugging materials which flow back to pass through the wellhead;
the heating mechanism is used for heating the pressurized water in the water treatment device;
the pumping mechanism is used for establishing the circulating flow of the pressurized water.
Preferably, in the carbon dioxide injection well plugging removal process, a medicament can be added.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
a large amount of medicaments are used instead of the traditional method; the process mainly breaks the hydrate in a mechanical mode, and the thermal circulation assists in deblocking without investing cost in the aspect of medicament.
Secondly, the operation time is saved; the process combines a mechanical method and a non-mechanical method, so that high-temperature liquid is sprayed on the hydrate through the rotary drill bit, and the rotary drill bit plays a role in mechanical crushing, so that the hydrate can be quickly crushed and decomposed, and the operation time is greatly saved.
Construction is simple and convenient; in the construction process, the derrick does not need to be set up again, large-scale well repair operation is avoided particularly for complex terrains (mountains and hilly lands), and the process can be implemented only by utilizing equipment such as a high-pressure hose operation vehicle. Meanwhile, the process can be carried out under the condition that the drill bit is not lifted out of the well mouth, the drilling function can be realized only by putting the high-pressure hose and the drill bit into an oil pipe from the well mouth device and injecting the weighted liquid pump to the drill bit through the high-pressure pump, and the construction steps are effectively simplified.
Fourthly, the construction is efficient and controllable; there is the drawback in the aspect of medicament delivery in traditional well head medicine adding mode, if: the loss exists in the medicament sedimentation process, and the medicament can not be effectively contacted with the frozen plugging layer only through gravity sedimentation, so that the plugging removal efficiency is extremely low. The device directly conveys the pressurized aqueous solution to the freezing and plugging belt through the high-pressure hose, so that the plugging removal operation is efficient and controllable, and the problems of secondary corrosion and environmental pollution caused by dosing of a shaft are solved.
Fifthly, the thermal unblocking effect is enhanced; the high-temperature medicament is directly injected into a wellhead by the traditional medicament adding mode, a large amount of heat loss can be generated in the process that the medicament flows through an oil pipe to reach a freezing and plugging zone, and the thermal unblocking effect is greatly reduced. The device conveys high-temperature liquid through the high-pressure hose, can directly reach and freeze stifled area, and calorific loss is little, and the heating power unblocks is efficient.
Drawings
The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description of the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a diagram of the use state of a carbon dioxide injection well plugging removal process device in an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a hydrajetting self-rotating drag bit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a connection pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the hydraulic variable diameter centralizer according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic assembly diagram of the reset element and the body of the hydraulic variable diameter centralizer according to the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described below based on examples, but it should be noted that the present invention is not limited to these examples. In the following detailed description of the present invention, certain specific details are set forth. However, for parts not described in detail, the present invention can be fully understood by those skilled in the art.
Furthermore, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the drawings are provided solely for the purposes of illustrating the invention, features and advantages thereof, and are not necessarily drawn to scale.
Also, unless the context clearly requires otherwise, throughout the description and the claims, the words "comprise", "comprising", and the like are to be construed in an inclusive sense as opposed to an exclusive or exhaustive sense; that is, it is meant by "including but not limited to".
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a hydrajetting self-rotating drag bit according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 2: a hydrajetting self-rotating drag bit comprising a rotating shaft 12; the lower part of the rotating shaft 12 is fixed with a scraper bit 17 through a screw; the rotating shaft 12 is also connected with a self-rotating mechanism 15, and the rotating shaft 12 is also provided with a spiral flow channel; pressurized liquid is conveyed into the spiral flow channel, spiral liquid flow is generated in the spiral flow channel, and the spiral liquid flow impacts the self-rotating mechanism 15 to rotate; the self-rotating mechanism 15 rotates to drive the rotating shaft 12 to rotate, and the rotating shaft 12 further drives the scraper bit 17 to rotate to cut frozen and blocked objects on the frozen and blocked layer.
Further, in fig. 2, a self-rotating mechanism 15 includes a body connected to the rotating shaft 12; the body is internally provided with an impeller structure 16, the impeller structure 16 is impacted by spiral liquid flow to generate rotating torque, and the rotating torque drives the rotating shaft 12 to rotate.
Further, in fig. 2, the spiral flow passage is formed by a spiral water pipe 13, and the spiral water pipe 13 is fixed inside the rotary shaft 12.
Further, in fig. 2, the hydraulic jet self-rotating drag bit further includes an outer cylinder, the outer cylinder 10 and the rotating shaft 12 are fixed by a key slot, bearings 11 are respectively arranged between the rotating shaft 12 and contact surfaces of the outer cylinder 10 and a gland 14, the rotating shaft 12 is rotated by the bearings 11, and the outer cylinder 10 and the gland 14 are connected by a screw thread.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a connecting pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 3: the connecting pipe is composed of an inner pipe 18 and a plurality of hose single sections 19 sleeved outside the inner pipe 18. Wherein the inner tube 18 has a steel wire winding layer, a rubber middle layer and a metal casing in order from the inside to the outside in the radial direction. A butt joint structure is arranged between every two adjacent hose single sections 19, and all the hose single sections 19 are butted to form an integral hose which is used for bearing high pressure and protecting the inner pipe 18.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the hydraulic variable diameter centralizer according to the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 4: the body of the hydraulic variable-diameter centralizer is cylindrical, a clamping groove is formed in the outer wall of the body, and a reset element 20 is arranged in the clamping groove.
Further, in fig. 5, reduction element 20 is mounted in the slot by a flat key, and reduction element 20 is slidably mounted on the slot. The diameter of the wellhead valve is different from the inner diameter of the oil pipe, the lower part of the connecting pipe is connected with a hydraulic variable-diameter centralizer, when the connecting pipe passes through the wellhead valve with small diameter, the resetting element 20 retracts, and the connecting pipe passes through the wellhead valve; the centralizer is closed in the process of descending the connecting pipe, the restoring element 20 is opened when pressurized liquid is injected, the restoring element is supported on the inner wall of the oil pipe, the connecting pipe is straightened, and the connecting pipe is ensured to descend stably.
Specifically, the construction process flow of the present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings 1 to 5:
the operation vehicle 1 sends the connecting pipe 3 into the frozen plugging layer position 9 in the oil well through the upper end of the well mouth 4, and a sealing rubber ring (the rubber ring needs to be matched with the size of the connecting pipe 3) is additionally arranged at the upper end of the well mouth 4. The bottom of the connecting pipe 3 is in threaded connection with a hydraulic jet self-rotating scraper drill bit 8, a hydraulic variable-diameter centralizer 7 is sleeved on the connecting pipe 3, and in the running-in process of the oil pipe, a reset element in the variable-diameter centralizer 7 is hydraulically pushed to move to the end part in the clamping groove and is supported on the inner wall of the external oil pipe, so that the connecting pipe 3 is stably run in.
The heated pressurized aqueous solution is pumped by an electric pump into the connecting tube 3 and finally reaches the hydraulic jet self-rotating drag bit 8. When the high-pressure water column in the connecting pipe 3 flows in the hydraulic jet self-rotating scraper bit 8, because the spiral water pipe 13 fixed in the rotating shaft 12 makes the high-pressure water column spirally flow in the spiral water pipe 13, centrifugal force is generated, the centrifugal force can assist to impact the impeller structure 16 in the self-rotating mechanism 15 to generate rotating torque, the rotating torque drives the rotating shaft 12 and the scraper bit 17 connected with the rotating shaft 12 to rotate independently, the drill bit scraper cuts and drills into the frozen plugging layer 9, meanwhile, high-temperature high-speed liquid generates jet impact effect on the hydrate (frozen plugging object) of the frozen plugging layer, the hydrate (frozen plugging object) is broken by waterpower, and meanwhile, the hydrate (frozen plugging object) fragments are washed away. The hydrate (frozen plugging) debris in the drilling process returns out from the annular space between the oil pipe and the connecting pipe 3 along with the pressurized water solution and passes through the wellhead 4.
The water phase discharged back is collected in the waste liquid pool 6, flows through the water pipe 2 to the water treatment device 5, is treated by the water treatment device 5 and then is circulated to the water tank on the working vehicle 1.
After the blockage removal is completed, the hydraulic jet self-rotating scraper bit 8 is lifted to be above a main valve of the wellhead 4, the well is closed on the ground, the hydraulic jet self-rotating scraper bit 8 is taken out from the upper end of the wellhead, and the carbon dioxide injection well can be put into normal use.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely embodiments for expressing the invention, and the description is specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various changes, substitutions of equivalents, improvements and the like can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and these are all within the scope of the invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims (7)

1. A carbon dioxide injection well plug removal process is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) feeding the hydraulic jet self-rotating scraper drill bit detachably connected with the connecting pipe into the frozen plugging layer in the oil pipe from the well mouth;
(2) injecting pressurized liquid into the spiral flow channel of the hydraulic jet self-rotating scraper bit, wherein the pressurized liquid is hot water;
(3) The pressurized liquid drives a scraper of the drill bit to cut and drill into the frozen plugging layer, and a jet impact effect is generated on frozen plugging objects forming the frozen plugging layer, so that the frozen plugging objects are hydraulically crushed and dissolved;
(4) debris of the frozen plug is drained back through a wellhead device from an annulus between the oil pipe and the connecting pipe along with the pressurized liquid;
the connecting pipe includes:
an inner tube;
the inner pipe is sequentially provided with a steel wire winding layer, a rubber middle layer and a metal shell from inside to outside in the radial direction;
a hose is sleeved outside the inner pipe;
the hose is composed of a plurality of hose single sections;
the single sections of the hose are sequentially connected in the longitudinal direction to form the hose;
the hose nipple is used for ensuring that the hose can be bent and wound and maintaining the strength of the connecting pipe;
the hydraulic jet self-rotating scraper bit is used for removing frozen plugging objects in a carbon dioxide injection well, and comprises:
a rotating shaft;
the rotating shaft is connected with a self-rotating mechanism and a scraper drill bit;
the rotating shaft is provided with a spiral flow passage;
the spiral liquid flow conveyed by the spiral flow channel impacts the self-rotating mechanism to rotate;
the self-rotating mechanism rotates to drive the scraper bit to cut the frozen blockage.
2. The carbon dioxide injection well unblocking process of claim 1, wherein the self-rotating mechanism comprises:
a body connected with the rotating shaft;
the body is internally provided with an impeller structure;
the impeller structure is impacted by the spiral liquid flow to generate a rotating torque;
the rotating torque drives the rotating shaft to rotate.
3. The carbon dioxide injection well plug removal process according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the spiral flow channel is composed of a spiral water pipe, and the spiral water pipe is fixed on the rotating shaft.
4. The carbon dioxide injection well plug removal process of claim 1, further comprising:
an outer cylinder;
the rotating shaft is fixed at the center of the outer cylinder through a bearing;
the bottom end of the outer barrel is connected with a gland.
5. The carbon dioxide injection well plug removal process according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the lower end of the connecting pipe is connected with a hydraulic variable-diameter centralizer;
the hydraulic variable-diameter centralizer is characterized in that a body of the centralizer is a cylinder, and a reset element is arranged on the outer wall of the body;
during the process of lowering the connecting pipe and the hydraulic jet self-rotating scraper bit, the resetting element retracts into the body, and the connecting pipe and the hydraulic jet self-rotating scraper bit pass through the wellhead;
When pressurized liquid is injected, the reset element extends out and is supported on the inner wall of the oil pipe, and the connecting pipe and the hydraulic jet self-rotating scraper bit are righted to be lowered to the frozen blocking layer.
6. The carbon dioxide injection well plug removal process according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the pressurized liquid is injected through a pressurized water circulation system;
the pressurized water circulating system comprises a water treatment device, a heating mechanism and a pumping mechanism;
the water treatment device is used for removing the debris of the frozen plugging materials which flow back to pass through the wellhead;
the heating mechanism is used for heating the pressurized water in the water treatment device;
the pumping mechanism is used for establishing the circulating flow of the pressurized water.
7. A carbon dioxide injection well plug removal process according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein:
and a medicament is also added into the freezing and blocking layer.
CN201810684308.0A 2018-06-28 2018-06-28 Hydraulic jet self-rotating scraper bit and carbon dioxide injection well blockage removal process Active CN108843274B (en)

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