CN108836630B - Noise-proof earplug with silencing structure - Google Patents
Noise-proof earplug with silencing structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN108836630B CN108836630B CN201810691626.XA CN201810691626A CN108836630B CN 108836630 B CN108836630 B CN 108836630B CN 201810691626 A CN201810691626 A CN 201810691626A CN 108836630 B CN108836630 B CN 108836630B
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- Prior art keywords
- earplug
- noise
- impedance composite
- noise elimination
- pipe
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F11/00—Methods or devices for treatment of the ears or hearing sense; Non-electric hearing aids; Methods or devices for enabling ear patients to achieve auditory perception through physiological senses other than hearing sense; Protective devices for the ears, carried on the body or in the hand
- A61F11/06—Protective devices for the ears
- A61F11/08—Protective devices for the ears internal, e.g. earplugs
Abstract
The invention relates to a noise-proof earplug, in particular to a noise-proof earplug with a silencing structure. The earplug comprises an earplug shell, a first impedance composite noise elimination structure, a central perforated pipe and a second impedance composite noise elimination structure; the earplug shell is internally provided with a silencer resonant cavity, a first impedance composite silencing structure is arranged in the silencer resonant cavity, the middle part of the first impedance composite silencing structure is provided with a through hole along the length direction of the earplug, a central perforated pipe is arranged in the through hole, and a second impedance composite silencing structure is arranged in the central perforated pipe. According to the noise-proof earplug with the silencing structure, the threaded structure is arranged outside the earplug, so that people can not feel excessive foreign body sensation, and meanwhile, the earplug cannot fall off; the impedance composite silencing structure and the resonance type silencer are arranged in the earplug, so that silencing treatment can be effectively carried out, noise can be absorbed, and the performance of the earplug is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a noise-proof earplug, in particular to a noise-proof earplug with a silencing structure.
Background
Noise-resistant earplugs are the most common type of protective article used to prevent noise hazards. The anti-noise earplugs are materials which can be inserted into the external auditory canal and have sound insulation effect, and can be divided into foam cotton type anti-noise earplugs and preformed anti-noise earplugs according to performance.
The foam noise-proof earplug is made of a foaming material, the rebound speed is low after the earplug is flattened, enough time is allowed for inserting the small earplug which is kneaded into the auditory canal, and the earplug slowly expands to block the external auditory canal, so that the sound insulation purpose is achieved. Preformed noise resistant earplugs are made of synthetic materials (e.g., rubber, silicone, polyester, etc.) that are pre-molded into certain shapes for direct insertion into the ear canal.
The silencer is a device which allows air flow to pass through and can control air flow noise, and is a main means for reducing aerodynamic noise. The silencer has various types, and can be divided into three main types of resistance, resistance and impedance composite type and micro-perforated plate silencers according to the noise reduction principle and function. For high sound intensity noise discharged by high-temperature, high-pressure and high-speed airflow, other types of silencers such as throttling decompression, small-hole injection, porous diffusion type silencers and the like are also provided.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome at least one of the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the noise-reduction earplug with the noise-reduction structure, and the noise-reduction performance of the noise-reduction earplug is effectively improved by designing the silencer structure in the earplug.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a noise-proof earplug with a silencing structure comprises an earplug shell, a first impedance composite silencing structure, a central perforated pipe and a second impedance composite silencing structure; the earplug shell is internally provided with a silencer resonant cavity, a first impedance composite noise elimination structure is arranged in the silencer resonant cavity, the middle part of the first impedance composite noise elimination structure is provided with a through hole along the length direction of the earplug, a central perforated pipe is arranged in the through hole, and a second impedance composite noise elimination structure is arranged in the central perforated pipe. In the invention, the resonance cavity of the silencer and the central perforated pipe jointly form a resonance silencer, and the resonance silencer is designed according to the Helmholtz resonator principle; the design can arrange various redesigned silencer structures in a limited space structure, the effect of reducing harsh noise is achieved, complete sound insulation is not achieved, and people can be kept to deal with emergency situations.
Furthermore, the first impedance composite noise elimination structure is a spring structure formed by winding a pipe, the cross section of the pipe is a rectangular structure, the cross section of the first impedance composite noise elimination structure is a circular ring-shaped structure, and the pipe is made of a sound absorption material; the shape and structure of the second impedance composite noise elimination structure are the same as those of the first impedance composite noise elimination structure. The impedance composite type noise elimination structure has an integral structure similar to a spring and good flexibility. The resistive muffler has the principle that when noise is transmitted along a pipeline, part of sound energy is lost by the sound absorption material, so that the noise elimination effect is achieved. Therefore, the pipeline is required to be as long as possible, the sound absorption effect is better, the spiral structure is adopted, and the structure is made of sound absorption materials. The cross section of the structure is a rectangular channel, and the noise elimination amount can be improved by increasing the ratio of the perimeter to the cross section area. (ratio is preferably rectangular, and circle is smallest)
The formula for calculating the noise elimination amount is as follows:
p is the perimeter of the cross section of the silencer, S is the cross section area,
for the sound damping coefficient, l is the muffler length. The spring-like structure is adopted to prolong the length of the I and improve the noise elimination amount in a limited space.
Furthermore, a plurality of expansion chambers are arranged in the pipe and connected in series. The reactive muffler is a reactive muffler structure, and utilizes the expansion or contraction of the cross section of the pipeline or the bypass connection of a resonant cavity to ensure that the impedance of sound waves in the pipeline is not matched during propagation, and partial sound energy is fed back to the direction of a sound source to achieve the aim of muffling. The characteristics of the reactive inductance and the capacitance in the similar circuit can store electric energy without consuming the electric energy are similar.
The amount of sound attenuation, which is the expansion ratio, depends on the expansion ratio, the sound attenuation frequency, and the length of the expansion chamber.
The expansion chambers with different lengths can be considered to be connected in series, the silencing performance of the silencer can be improved, the passing frequencies of the expansion chambers are staggered, the frequency characteristic of the silencer can be improved, and the total silencing quantity can be improved.
Preferably, 4 stages of expansion chambers connected in series are arranged inside the pipe. Theoretical analysis and experiments show that when the number of muffler stages exceeds 4, the number of muffler stages is increased, and the noise elimination amount is increased little, so that the efficiency can be maximized by considering the series connection of 4 stages of expansion chambers.
Preferably, the 4 expansion chambers have different lengths. The multiple stages of expansion chambers differ in length, which allows for different frequencies of passage.
Furthermore, a gauze restraint layer for reducing surface bending vibration is laid on the surface of the pipe. The mesh (constraint layer) is laid on the sound absorption material, the effect is to reduce the bending vibration of the surface, the vibration is small, the generated noise is small, and the 'regeneration' noise generated by the self vibration can be prevented.
Furthermore, the surface of the central perforated pipe is provided with a plurality of perforations, and the hole center distance between two adjacent perforations is more than 5 times of the perforation diameter. The distance between the centers of the holes is more than 5 times of the diameter of the holes, and sound radiation among the holes can be considered to be not interfered with each other, and a plurality of Helmholtz resonant cavities can be considered to be connected in parallel.
Furthermore, the outer part of the earplug shell is provided with an external thread structure. The external thread structure is arranged outside the earplug, so that the wearing of the earplug can be effectively improved, people can not feel excessive foreign body feeling, and the earplug cannot fall off.
Furthermore, the earplug shell and the external thread structure are made of plastic materials. More preferably, silica gel is used, and the silica gel is softer, so that the silica gel has elasticity and can ensure comfortable wearing.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects are: according to the noise-proof earplug with the silencing structure, the threaded structure is arranged outside the earplug, so that people can not feel excessive foreign body sensation, and meanwhile, the earplug cannot fall off; the impedance composite silencing structure and the resonance type silencer are arranged in the earplug, so that silencing treatment can be effectively carried out, noise can be absorbed, and the performance of the earplug is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of an earplug of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an earplug of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the impedance composite muffling structure of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the impedance composite damping structure of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the resonant muffler structure of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a perforated line structure according to the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a series configuration of multiple expansion chambers of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The drawings are for illustration purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention; for the purpose of better illustrating the embodiments, certain features of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of an actual product; it will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted. The positional relationships depicted in the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1 and 2, a noise-proof earplug with a sound-deadening structure comprises an earplug shell 1, a first impedance composite sound-deadening structure 2, a central perforated pipe 3 and a second impedance composite sound-deadening structure 4; the earplug shell 1 is internally provided with a silencer resonant cavity 5, a first impedance composite noise elimination structure 2 is arranged in the silencer resonant cavity, the middle part of the first impedance composite noise elimination structure 2 is provided with a through hole along the length direction of the earplug, a central perforated pipe 3 is arranged in the through hole, and a second impedance composite noise elimination structure 4 is arranged in the central perforated pipe 3. In the present invention, as shown in fig. 5, the muffler resonance chamber 5 and the central perforated pipe 3 together constitute a resonance muffler, which is designed according to the helmholtz resonator principle.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the first impedance composite noise damping structure 2 is a spring structure formed by winding a pipe, the cross section of the pipe is a rectangular structure 41, the cross section of the first impedance composite noise damping structure 2 is a circular ring-shaped structure, and the pipe is made of a sound absorbing material; the second impedance composite muffler structure 4 has the same shape and structure as the first impedance composite muffler structure 2. The surface of the pipe is also paved with a gauze restraint layer for reducing the surface bending vibration, and the gauze (restraint layer) is paved on the sound absorption material, so that the bending vibration of the surface is reduced, the vibration is small, the generated noise is small, and the regeneration noise generated by the vibration of the pipe can be prevented.
The impedance composite type noise elimination structure has an integral structure similar to a spring and good flexibility. The resistive muffler has the principle that when noise is transmitted along a pipeline, part of sound energy is lost by the sound absorption material, so that the noise elimination effect is achieved. Therefore, the pipeline is required to be as long as possible, the sound absorption effect is better, the spiral structure is adopted, and the structure is made of sound absorption materials. The cross section of the structure is a rectangular channel, and the noise elimination amount can be improved by increasing the ratio of the perimeter to the cross section area. (ratio is preferably rectangular, and circle is smallest)
The formula for calculating the noise elimination amount is as follows:
p is the perimeter of the cross section of the silencer, S is the cross section area,
for the sound damping coefficient, l is the muffler length. The spring-like structure is adopted to prolong the length of the I and improve the noise elimination amount in a limited space.
In addition, as shown in fig. 7, 4 expansion chambers 42 are arranged in the pipe, the 4 expansion chambers 42 are connected in series, and the length values of the 4 expansion chambers 42 are different. The inside of the spring-like structure is provided with an expansion type noise elimination structure, namely an expansion chamber 42 which is a reactive noise elimination structure, the reactive noise elimination structure utilizes the expansion or contraction of the cross section of the pipeline or is connected with a resonant cavity by side, so that the impedance mismatch is formed in the transmission of sound waves in the pipeline, and part of sound energy is fed back to the direction of a sound source to achieve the purpose of noise elimination. The characteristics of the reactive inductance and the capacitance in the similar circuit can store electric energy without consuming the electric energy are similar.
The amount of sound attenuation, which is the expansion ratio, depends on the expansion ratio, the sound attenuation frequency, and the length of the expansion chamber 42.
The expansion chambers 42 with different lengths can be considered to be connected in series, the silencing performance of the silencer can be improved, the passing frequencies of the expansion chambers 42 are staggered, the frequency characteristic of the silencer can be improved, and the total silencing quantity can be improved. Theoretical analysis and experiments show that when the number of muffler stages exceeds 4, the number of muffler stages is increased, and the noise elimination amount is increased little, so that the efficiency can be maximized by considering the series connection of the 4-stage expansion chambers 42. The different lengths of the expansion chambers 42 allow different frequencies to be passed.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 6, the surface of the central perforated pipe 3 is provided with a plurality of perforations 31, and the hole center distance between two adjacent perforations 31 is 5 times or more the diameter of the perforations 31. The distance between the centers of the holes is more than 5 times of the diameter of the holes, and sound radiation among the holes can be considered to be not interfered with each other, and a plurality of Helmholtz resonant cavities can be considered to be connected in parallel.
In some embodiments, the earplug housing 1 is externally provided with an external thread structure 6. The external thread structure 6 arranged outside the earplug can effectively improve the wearing of the earplug, so that people can not feel excessive foreign body sensation and the earplug can not fall off. The earplug shell 1 and the external thread structure 6 are made of plastic materials such as silica gel, and the silica gel is softer, so that the earplug shell is elastic and can ensure the wearing comfort.
It should be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A noise-proof earplug with a silencing structure is characterized by comprising an earplug shell (1), a first impedance composite silencing structure (2), a central perforated pipe (3) and a second impedance composite silencing structure (4); the earplug shell (1) is internally provided with a silencer resonant cavity (5), a first impedance composite noise elimination structure (2) is arranged in the silencer resonant cavity (5), the middle part of the first impedance composite noise elimination structure (2) is provided with a through hole along the length direction of the earplug, a central perforated pipe (3) is arranged in the through hole, a second impedance composite noise elimination structure (4) is arranged in the central perforated pipe (3), the first impedance composite noise elimination structure (2) is a spring structure formed by winding a pipe, the cross section of the pipe is a rectangular structure (41), the cross section of the first impedance composite noise elimination structure (2) is a circular structure, and the pipe is made of a sound absorption material; a plurality of expansion chambers (42) are arranged in the pipe, the expansion chambers (42) are connected in series, and the length values of the expansion chambers (42) are different; the surface of the central perforated pipe (3) is provided with a plurality of perforations (31), and the hole center distance between two adjacent perforations (31) is more than 5 times of the diameter of each perforation (31); the second impedance composite noise elimination structure (4) and the first impedance composite noise elimination structure (2) are the same in shape and structure.
2. A sound-attenuating structure noise-proofing earplug as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that 4 stages of expansion chambers (42) are provided in series inside the tube.
3. The noise-canceling structure earplug of claim 1, wherein the surface of the tube is further provided with a gauze restraint layer for reducing surface bending vibration.
4. A noise-proofing earplug of sound-attenuating structure according to any of claims 1-3, characterised in that the earplug shell (1) is externally provided with an external screw thread structure (6).
5. A sound-attenuating structure noise-proofing earplug as claimed in claim 4, characterised in that the earplug shell (1) and the external screw thread structure (6) are made of a plastic material.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810691626.XA CN108836630B (en) | 2018-06-28 | 2018-06-28 | Noise-proof earplug with silencing structure |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810691626.XA CN108836630B (en) | 2018-06-28 | 2018-06-28 | Noise-proof earplug with silencing structure |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108836630A CN108836630A (en) | 2018-11-20 |
| CN108836630B true CN108836630B (en) | 2020-07-14 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201810691626.XA Expired - Fee Related CN108836630B (en) | 2018-06-28 | 2018-06-28 | Noise-proof earplug with silencing structure |
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| WO2011017453A1 (en) * | 2009-08-04 | 2011-02-10 | Hearing Components, Inc. | Foam compositions with enhanced sound attenuation |
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2018
- 2018-06-28 CN CN201810691626.XA patent/CN108836630B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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