CN108833559B - Method and device for caching and distributing video data - Google Patents
Method and device for caching and distributing video data Download PDFInfo
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- CN108833559B CN108833559B CN201810658211.2A CN201810658211A CN108833559B CN 108833559 B CN108833559 B CN 108833559B CN 201810658211 A CN201810658211 A CN 201810658211A CN 108833559 B CN108833559 B CN 108833559B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/50—Network services
- H04L67/56—Provisioning of proxy services
- H04L67/568—Storing data temporarily at an intermediate stage, e.g. caching
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
- H04L69/16—Implementation or adaptation of Internet protocol [IP], of transmission control protocol [TCP] or of user datagram protocol [UDP]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
- H04L69/16—Implementation or adaptation of Internet protocol [IP], of transmission control protocol [TCP] or of user datagram protocol [UDP]
- H04L69/164—Adaptation or special uses of UDP protocol
Abstract
The application provides a method and a device for caching and distributing video data, wherein the method comprises the following steps: blocking a UDP data message which is sent to a host computer in a local area network and bears video data, so that the host computer sends a first resource acquisition request; wherein, the first resource acquisition request specifies that the TCP data message carries the video data; receiving a TCP data message sent to a host in response to a first resource acquisition request, and caching video data borne by the TCP data message; and when a second resource acquisition request aiming at the cached video data is received, returning the video data requested by the second resource acquisition request. In the application, the video website always transmits the video data to the host in the local area network by the TCP data message by blocking the UDP data message carrying the video data, so that sufficient video data can be obtained from the TCP data message for caching and subsequent distribution, and the caching and the distribution of the video data are effectively realized.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for caching and distributing video data.
Background
With the rapid development of the internet, the number of users, network bandwidth, terminal devices and Application (Application) types are all increasing explosively. According to statistics, in the network traffic model, services such as online audio and video, P2P (Peer-to-Peer) download, Web application and the like occupy approximately 80% of the internet bandwidth.
In order to reduce the influence of network congestion on user experience, cache equipment is adopted in many networking environments to realize acceleration of internet application, and the speed of acquiring network resources by a user is increased. After caching the network resource to the local, the caching device analyzes the resource acquisition request externally sent by the host in the local area network, and if the network resource requested by the resource acquisition request is cached, the network resource is sent to the host. By the measures, the user experience can be improved, and the network bandwidth can be saved.
Due to the characteristics of video data, the requirement for the transmission speed of video data is high, and therefore, most video websites transmit video data by using a UDP (User Datagram Protocol) Protocol. However, most caching devices have difficulty parsing the UDP data packet, so that the video data cannot be cached, and the cached video data cannot be distributed.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present application provides a method and an apparatus for caching and distributing video data, so as to implement efficient distribution of video cache.
Specifically, the method is realized through the following technical scheme:
a method for caching and distributing video data is applied to caching equipment and comprises the following steps:
receiving a UDP data message sent to a host in a local area network, and judging whether the UDP data message carries video data or not;
if yes, discarding the UDP data message, and sending a first resource acquisition request by a host in the local area network; wherein the first resource acquisition request specifies that a TCP data message carries video data;
receiving a TCP data message sent to a host in the local area network in response to the first resource acquisition request, and caching video data carried by the TCP data message;
when a second resource acquisition request aiming at the cached video data is received, returning the video data requested by the second resource acquisition request.
In the method for caching and distributing video data, the determining whether the UDP data packet carries video data includes:
acquiring a field value of a first designated field of the UDP data message; wherein the first designated field indicates a server that sent the UDP data packet;
judging whether the UDP data message is sent by a server of a video website or not based on the field value of the first designated field;
and if so, determining that the UDP data message carries video data.
In the method for caching and distributing video data, the determining whether the UDP data packet carries video data includes:
acquiring a field value of a second specified field of the UDP data message; wherein the second specified field indicates a transport protocol based on a UDP protocol;
judging whether the field value of the second specified field indicates a video transmission protocol or not;
and if so, determining that the UDP data message carries video data.
In the method for caching and distributing video data, caching the video data carried by the TCP data packet further includes:
and returning the TCP data message to the host sending the first resource acquisition request.
In the method for caching and distributing video data, when a second resource obtaining request for cached video data is received, returning video data requested by the second resource obtaining request includes:
receiving a second resource acquisition request sent by a host in the local area network;
acquiring the file name of the video data requested by the second resource acquisition request;
searching local cached video data based on the file name, and determining whether corresponding video data is searched;
if so, returning the found video data.
A device for caching and distributing video data is applied to caching equipment and comprises:
the judgment unit is used for receiving a UDP data message sent to a host in a local area network and judging whether the UDP data message carries video data or not;
a blocking unit, configured to discard the UDP data packet if the UDP data packet is received, so that a host in the local area network sends a first resource acquisition request; wherein the first resource acquisition request specifies that a TCP data message carries video data;
a caching unit, configured to receive a TCP data packet sent to a host in the local area network in response to the first resource acquisition request, and cache video data carried by the TCP data packet;
and the distribution unit is used for returning the video data requested by the second resource acquisition request when receiving the second resource acquisition request aiming at the cached video data.
In the apparatus for buffering and distributing video data, the determining unit is further configured to:
acquiring a field value of a first designated field of the UDP data message; wherein the first designated field indicates a server that sent the UDP data packet;
judging whether the UDP data message is sent by a server of a video website or not based on the field value of the first designated field;
and if so, determining that the UDP data message carries video data.
In the apparatus for buffering and distributing video data, the determining unit is further configured to:
acquiring a field value of a second specified field of the UDP data message; wherein the second specified field indicates a transport protocol based on a UDP protocol;
judging whether the field value of the second specified field indicates a video transmission protocol or not;
and if so, determining that the UDP data message carries video data.
In the apparatus for buffering and distributing video data, the buffering unit is further configured to:
and returning the TCP data message to the host sending the first resource acquisition request.
In the apparatus for buffering and distributing video data, the distributing unit is further configured to:
receiving a second resource acquisition request sent by a host in the local area network;
acquiring the file name of the video data requested by the second resource acquisition request;
searching local cached video data based on the file name, and determining whether corresponding video data is searched;
if so, returning the found video data.
In the embodiment of the application, a first resource acquisition request is sent by a host in a local area network for acquiring video data by blocking a UDP data message which is sent to the host in the local area network and bears the video data; wherein the first resource acquisition request specifies that a TCP data message carries video data; further, the cache device receives a TCP data packet in response to the first resource acquisition request, and may cache video data carried by the TCP data packet, so as to cache sufficient video data; when a second resource acquisition request aiming at the cached video data is subsequently received, the video data requested by the second resource acquisition request can be returned, so that the caching and distribution of the video data are effectively realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a network architecture diagram of a local area network shown in the present application;
fig. 2 is a flow chart of a method for caching and distributing video data according to the present application;
fig. 3 is a block diagram of an embodiment of an apparatus for buffering and distributing video data according to the present application;
fig. 4 is a hardware configuration diagram of an apparatus for buffering and distributing video data according to the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention better understood and make the above objects, features and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more comprehensible, the following description of the prior art and the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings is provided.
In the related art, the caching device may cache and distribute video data carried by a TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) data packet. How much video data is requested by a host within the local area network, and how much video data is distributed to the host.
However, in practical applications, when the host computer in the lan acquires video data from the video website, only a small amount of video data is transmitted based on the TCP protocol, and most of video data is still transmitted based on the UDP protocol. Such as: if the host accesses the 'love art' to watch the video 'avatar', the resource acquisition request sent by the host requests the video data of the leader of the 'avatar'. Wherein the resource acquisition request specifies that the TCP data packet carries video data. After receiving the resource acquisition request, the loving art website server can return video data of an avatar head based on a TCP protocol, and transmits subsequent video data of the avatar to the host computer by a UDP protocol.
Therefore, the data amount of the video data that can be cached by the caching device is small, and in this case, for most video data, caching and distribution of the video data cannot be effectively achieved.
In view of this, the technical method of the present application forces the host in the lan to send a resource acquisition request, which specifies that all video data are carried in TCP data packets, to the video website by blocking UDP data packets sent by the video website to the host in the lan, so that the cache device can cache sufficient video data, thereby effectively implementing caching and distribution of video data.
Referring to fig. 1, a network architecture diagram of a local area network is shown. As shown in fig. 1, the local area network includes a caching device, and the caching device may cache network resources locally in an active caching manner and a passive caching manner. When a host in the lan sends a resource acquisition request to the outside, the gateway device of the lan may first forward the resource acquisition request to the cache device. After receiving the resource obtaining request, the caching device may check whether the video data requested by the resource obtaining request is cached locally.
The resource obtaining request may include a resource obtaining request generated when a user accesses a video website through a browser to click to view a video, and a resource obtaining request generated when the user views the video by using a video application (such as a sou App, an arcade App, and the like).
The host in the local area network may include an intelligent device in the local area network, which can access the network and obtain network resources, including a computer host, a smart phone, a tablet computer, and the like.
When the cache device finds the video data requested by the resource acquisition request locally, the network resource can be sent to the host in the local area network.
Of course, the function of the cache device may also be integrated on the gateway device of the local area network, and in this case, the gateway device may directly process the resource acquisition request sent by the host in the local area network.
Referring to fig. 2, there is shown a flowchart of a method for caching and distributing video data, which is applied to a caching device, and includes the following steps:
step 201: and receiving a UDP data message sent to a host in the local area network, and judging whether the UDP data message carries video data or not.
The cache device can check the message sent by the external network to the host in the local area network, and can judge whether the UDP data message carries video data or not when receiving the UDP data message.
In an illustrated embodiment, the caching device may obtain a field value of a first specified field of the UDP data packet. Wherein, the first appointed field indicates the server sending the UDP data message. Such as: the first designated field may be written to the server domain name.
And the caching equipment judges whether the UDP data message is sent by a server of the video website or not based on the field value of the first designated field.
As an example, the caching device may pre-configure a server domain name table that includes the server domain name for each video website. The caching device may look up the server domain name table to determine if the retrieved field value exists.
On the one hand, if the field value exists, it can be determined that the UDP data packet is sent by a server of the video website.
On the other hand, if the field value does not exist, it may be determined that the UDP data packet is not sent by the server of the video website.
When it is determined that the UDP data packet is transmitted by the server of the video website, it may be determined that the UDP data packet carries video data.
Otherwise, it may be determined that the UDP data packet does not carry video data, and at this time, the UDP data packet may be forwarded.
In another embodiment shown, the caching device may obtain a field value of the second specified field of the UDP data packet. Wherein the second designated field indicates a transport protocol based on the UDP protocol. Such as: the second specified field may write a protocol number.
The caching device may determine whether a field value of the second specified field indicates a video transport protocol.
As an embodiment, the caching device may pre-configure a video transport protocol table including a protocol number of each video transport protocol based on the UDP protocol. Such as: the video Transport Protocol may include a Protocol number of FTP (Real-Time Transport Protocol), a Protocol number of RTMFP (Real Time Media Flow Protocol), and the like.
The caching device may look up the video transport protocol table for the presence of the retrieved field value.
In one aspect, if the field value exists, it may be determined that the field value of the second designated field indicates a video transmission protocol.
On the other hand, if the field value does not exist, it may be determined that the field value of the second designated field does not indicate a video transmission protocol.
When it is determined that the field value of the second designated field indicates a video transmission protocol, it may be determined that the UDP data packet carries video data.
Otherwise, it may be determined that the UDP data packet does not carry video data, and at this time, the UDP data packet may be forwarded.
Step 202: if yes, discarding the UDP data message, and sending a first resource acquisition request by a host in the local area network; wherein the first resource acquisition request specifies that a TCP data packet carries video data.
Here, the first resource acquisition request generally refers to any resource acquisition request sent by the host, and is only named for convenience of description, and does not limit the present application.
When it is determined that the UDP data packet carries video data, the caching device may discard the UDP data packet.
In practical application, after a host in the local area network cannot receive a UDP data message carrying video data returned by a server of the video website, a first resource acquisition request is sent to the server of the video website. Wherein, the first resource obtaining request specifies that the TCP data message carries the video data. And after receiving the first resource acquisition request, the server of the video website transmits video data to the host in the local area network by using a TCP (transmission control protocol).
It should be noted that the first resource acquisition request may still request a small amount of video data, in which case, after the video website transmits a small amount of video data in the TCP protocol, the subsequent video data is still transmitted in the UDP protocol. And the cache device still discards the UDP data packet after determining that the UDP data packet carries the video data. Therefore, the host in the lan may send a resource acquisition request specifying that the TCP data packet carries the video data to the video website for a plurality of times, and the cache device may receive a large number of TCP data packets carrying the video data after blocking the UDP data packets for a plurality of times, so that a sufficient amount of video data can be cached.
In addition, if the gateway device does not integrate the functions of the cache device, since most cache devices are bypassed, in this case, after the cache device determines that the UDP data packet carries video data, the flow control device (for example, the flow control device may be the gateway device) in the primary loop may be notified to discard the UDP data packet.
Step 203: and receiving a TCP data message sent to a host in the local area network in response to the first resource acquisition request, and caching video data borne by the TCP data message.
After receiving the TCP data packet in response to the first resource acquisition request, the caching device may parse the TCP data packet, determine whether the TCP data packet carries video data, and cache the video data carried by the TCP data packet when the TCP data packet carries video data.
Because the cache device always blocks the UDP data packet that is sent to the video data, the host in the lan will continuously send a resource acquisition request that specifies that the TCP data packet carries the video data, or will send a resource acquisition request that specifies that the TCP data packet carries the complete video data, in order to acquire the video data. In this case, the video website always transmits video data to the host in the TCP protocol in response to the first resource acquisition request sent by the host.
Therefore, the caching device can cache sufficient video data for realizing subsequent distribution of the caching resource.
Of course, the cache device may also return the TCP data packet to the host that sent the first resource acquisition request. After receiving the TCP data message, the host can analyze the TCP data message to obtain video data, and then complete video playing.
Step 204: when a second resource acquisition request aiming at the cached video data is received, returning the video data requested by the second resource acquisition request.
Here, the second resource obtaining request generally refers to any resource obtaining request sent by any host in the local area network, and is only named for convenience of description, and is not limited in this application.
In an illustrated embodiment, after receiving a first resource obtaining request sent by a host in a local area network, a caching device may obtain a file name of video data requested by the second resource obtaining request.
The video websites name different video data files based on the naming rules of the video websites, and the file names of the video data files are unique, so that the video data requested by the host can be accurately distinguished according to the file names.
When the cache device analyzes the TCP data message and caches the video data, the file names of the video data files are reserved. Therefore, the caching device may search for locally cached video data based on the file name in the second resource acquisition request, and determine whether to find corresponding video data.
On one hand, if the corresponding video data cannot be found, it may be determined that the video data requested by the second resource acquisition request is not cached locally, and at this time, the second resource acquisition request may not be processed.
On the other hand, if the corresponding video data is found, the cache device may return the found video data, so that the host sending the second resource acquisition request may quickly obtain the required video data for playing. In addition, the second resource acquisition request may be discarded without sending the second resource acquisition request to the video website.
In summary, in the technical solution of the present application, the cache device forces the host to send a first resource acquisition request by blocking a UDP data packet carrying video data sent to the host in the lan, where the first resource acquisition request specifies that the TCP data packet carries video data; therefore, the video website can respond to the first resource acquisition request and return a TCP data message for bearing video data; the caching equipment analyzes the received TCP data message and caches the video data carried by the TCP data message;
the cache device always blocks the UDP data message which is sent to the host and bears the video data, so that a large amount of TCP data messages bearing the video data can be received, and sufficient video data can be cached;
further, when the caching device receives a second resource obtaining request for the cached video data, the video data requested by the second resource obtaining request can be returned, so that caching and distribution of the video data are effectively realized.
Corresponding to the embodiments of the foregoing methods for caching and distributing video data, the present application also provides embodiments of apparatuses for caching and distributing video data.
Referring to fig. 3, a block diagram of an embodiment of an apparatus for caching and distributing video data is shown in the present application:
as shown in fig. 3, the apparatus 30 for buffering and distributing video data includes:
the determining unit 310 is configured to receive a UDP data packet sent to a host in a lan, and determine whether the UDP data packet carries video data.
A blocking unit 320, configured to discard the UDP data packet if the UDP data packet is received, so that a host in the local area network sends a first resource acquisition request; wherein the first resource acquisition request specifies that a TCP data packet carries video data.
A caching unit 330, configured to receive a TCP data packet sent to a host in the local area network in response to the first resource acquisition request, and cache video data carried in the TCP data packet.
The distributing unit 340 is configured to, when receiving a second resource obtaining request for the cached video data, return the video data requested by the second resource obtaining request.
In this example, the determining unit 310 is further configured to:
acquiring a field value of a first designated field of the UDP data message; wherein the first designated field indicates a server that sent the UDP data packet;
judging whether the UDP data message is sent by a server of a video website or not based on the field value of the first designated field;
and if so, determining that the UDP data message carries video data.
In this example, the determining unit 310 is further configured to:
acquiring a field value of a second specified field of the UDP data message; wherein the second specified field indicates a transport protocol based on a UDP protocol;
judging whether the field value of the second specified field indicates a video transmission protocol or not;
and if so, determining that the UDP data message carries video data.
In this example, the cache unit 330 is further configured to:
and returning the TCP data message to the host sending the first resource acquisition request.
In this example, the distributing unit 340 is further configured to:
receiving a second resource acquisition request sent by a host in the local area network;
acquiring the file name of the video data requested by the second resource acquisition request;
searching local cached video data based on the file name, and determining whether corresponding video data is searched;
if so, returning the found video data.
The embodiment of the device for caching and distributing the video data can be applied to the caching equipment. The device embodiments may be implemented by software, or by hardware, or by a combination of hardware and software. The software implementation is taken as an example, and as a logical device, the device is formed by reading corresponding computer program instructions in the nonvolatile memory into the memory for operation through the processor of the cache device in which the device is located. In terms of hardware, as shown in fig. 4, the present application is a hardware structure diagram of a caching device where a device for caching and distributing video data is located, except for the processor, the memory, the network interface, and the nonvolatile memory shown in fig. 4, the caching device where the device is located in the embodiment may also include other hardware according to the actual function of the device for caching and distributing video data, which is not described again.
The implementation process of the functions and actions of each unit in the above device is specifically described in the implementation process of the corresponding step in the above method, and is not described herein again.
For the device embodiments, since they substantially correspond to the method embodiments, reference may be made to the partial description of the method embodiments for relevant points. The above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, and the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the scheme of the application. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.
The above description is only exemplary of the present application and should not be taken as limiting the present application, as any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A method for caching and distributing video data is applied to caching equipment and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
receiving a User Datagram Protocol (UDP) data message sent to a host in a local area network, and judging whether the UDP data message carries video data or not;
if yes, discarding the UDP data message, and sending a first resource acquisition request by a host in the local area network; wherein the first resource acquisition request specifies that a Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) data message carries video data;
receiving a TCP data message sent to a host in the local area network in response to the first resource acquisition request, and caching video data carried by the TCP data message;
when a second resource acquisition request aiming at the cached video data is received, returning the video data requested by the second resource acquisition request.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein said determining whether the UDP datagram carries video data comprises:
acquiring a field value of a first designated field of the UDP data message; wherein the first designated field indicates a server that sent the UDP data packet;
judging whether the UDP data message is sent by a server of a video website or not based on the field value of the first designated field;
and if so, determining that the UDP data message carries video data.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein said determining whether the UDP datagram carries video data comprises:
acquiring a field value of a second specified field of the UDP data message; wherein the second specified field indicates a transport protocol based on a UDP protocol;
judging whether the field value of the second specified field indicates a video transmission protocol or not;
and if so, determining that the UDP data message carries video data.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein said buffering video data carried by said TCP data packets further comprises:
and returning the TCP data message to the host sending the first resource acquisition request.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein when receiving a second resource obtaining request for the cached video data, returning the video data requested by the second resource obtaining request comprises:
receiving a second resource acquisition request sent by a host in the local area network;
acquiring the file name of the video data requested by the second resource acquisition request;
searching local cached video data based on the file name, and determining whether corresponding video data is searched;
if so, returning the found video data.
6. A device for caching and distributing video data, which is applied to caching equipment, is characterized by comprising:
the device comprises a judging unit, a processing unit and a processing unit, wherein the judging unit is used for receiving a User Datagram Protocol (UDP) data message sent to a host in a local area network and judging whether the UDP data message carries video data;
a blocking unit, configured to discard the UDP data packet if the UDP data packet is received, so that a host in the local area network sends a first resource acquisition request; wherein the first resource acquisition request specifies that a Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) data message carries video data;
a caching unit, configured to receive a TCP data packet sent to a host in the local area network in response to the first resource acquisition request, and cache video data carried by the TCP data packet;
and the distribution unit is used for returning the video data requested by the second resource acquisition request when receiving the second resource acquisition request aiming at the cached video data.
7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the determining unit is further configured to:
acquiring a field value of a first designated field of the UDP data message; wherein the first designated field indicates a server that sent the UDP data packet;
judging whether the UDP data message is sent by a server of a video website or not based on the field value of the first designated field;
and if so, determining that the UDP data message carries video data.
8. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the determining unit is further configured to:
acquiring a field value of a second specified field of the UDP data message; wherein the second specified field indicates a transport protocol based on a UDP protocol;
judging whether the field value of the second specified field indicates a video transmission protocol or not;
and if so, determining that the UDP data message carries video data.
9. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the cache unit is further configured to:
and returning the TCP data message to the host sending the first resource acquisition request.
10. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the distribution unit is further configured to:
receiving a second resource acquisition request sent by a host in the local area network;
acquiring the file name of the video data requested by the second resource acquisition request;
searching local cached video data based on the file name, and determining whether corresponding video data is searched;
if so, returning the found video data.
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