CN108832645A - Active distribution network energy storage configuration strategy based on regional prediction error criterion - Google Patents

Active distribution network energy storage configuration strategy based on regional prediction error criterion Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108832645A
CN108832645A CN201810552128.7A CN201810552128A CN108832645A CN 108832645 A CN108832645 A CN 108832645A CN 201810552128 A CN201810552128 A CN 201810552128A CN 108832645 A CN108832645 A CN 108832645A
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power
energy storage
control
prediction error
error
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CN108832645B (en
Inventor
郑伟民
孙可
张利军
沈梁
孙轶恺
徐晨博
邱迪
刘�东
陈张宇
谷纪亭
袁翔
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Shanghai Jiaotong University
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co Ltd
Economic and Technological Research Institute of State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co Ltd
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Shanghai Jiaotong University
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co Ltd
Economic and Technological Research Institute of State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/28Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/24Arrangements for preventing or reducing oscillations of power in networks
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/381Dispersed generators

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)

Abstract

The active distribution network energy storage configuration strategy based on regional prediction error criterion that the invention discloses a kind of.Current research covers source side, user side, and the energy storage planning and configuration scheme of net side can effectively instruct the energy-storage system addressing constant volume analysis under the conditions of different demands.Since current energy storage device price itself is higher, the functionization and economy of energy storage device are affected.Power distribution network is divided into several control areas by the present invention, the quantization to output power and unscheduled power deviation is realized by regional prediction error criterion, and error criterion is controlled based on the feeder line determined under exchange power control mode, it is proposed the control algolithm of regional export power and the configuration method of energy storage power and capacity, reduce energy storage power capacity, stabilizes control area due to predicting error bring power swing.The present invention can effectively reduce energy storage configuration capacity, improve the economy of total system programme.

Description

Active distribution network energy storage configuration strategy based on regional prediction error criterion
Technical field
It is specifically a kind of the present invention relates to the energy storage configuration under the active distribution network of extensive access distributed energy Active distribution network energy storage configuration strategy based on regional prediction error criterion.
Background technique
As in more and more distributed generation resources access power distribution network, operation and control to electric system, which are brought, is chosen War.Configuration energy-storage system can stabilize the fluctuation of renewable energy power output, the randomness to lighten the load, improve renewable energy Utilization rate, improve system run all right.Therefore, the power distribution network Expansion Planning containing energy storage becomes the one of distribution network planning development A important directions.
Current research covers source side, user side, and the energy storage planning and configuration scheme of net side can effectively instruct different need Energy-storage system addressing constant volume analysis under the conditions of asking.But since current energy storage device price itself is higher, affect programme Functionization and economy.
Summary of the invention
Under the qualifications that current energy storage device price can not decline to a great extent, the present invention provides a kind of based on regional prediction The active distribution network energy storage configuration strategy of error criterion, by being directed to the lectotype selection of an electrical secondary system in the planning stage, being System structure is considered as a whole with the method for operation, can effectively reduce energy storage configuration capacity, to improve total system programme Economy.
For this purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that:Active distribution network energy storage based on regional prediction error configures plan It omits, including:
Active distribution network issues optimization aim to controller by the global optimization approach of distribution network master station, each control Device processed controls a region, and according to the power of the controlled distribution formula power supply in optimization aim management region;
Control area regards a controllable distributed generation resource as under the action of controller, and issued in optimization aim In time interval, regional export power follows unscheduled power;It is led simultaneously for the prediction error of uncontrollable power supply and load in region The problem of outlet power fluctuation of cause deviates optimization aim, regional prediction error criterion is established to instruct active distribution network energy storage Configuration strategy;
Energy storage is used to control region outlet power, reduces energy storage power capacity, stabilizes control area due to prediction Error bring power swing.
By the control of zone controller, the outlet power of zone of control is controllable, therefore zone of control can be seen At a controllable DG, and to make system operate in global optimization state, it is desirable to the outlet power in region follows unscheduled power, I.e. FCE index should be controlled as 0.If not 0, then illustrate that the outlet power in region deviates planned value, system operation deviates excellent Change state.
Supplement as above-mentioned technical proposal runs variable as network optimization without using energy storage, is only positioned at control zone Domain outlet power predicts error, energy storage power required for reducing, to improve control system overall economy quality.
Ideally, the uncontrollable distributed energy power prediction value of some control area is equal with actual value, bears The predicted value of lotus power is equal with actual value, and the controllable generated output in the outlet power and region in region is set according to global optimization It is fixed.But in practical situations, predicted value is discrepant with actual value, and definition region is needed to predict error.Regional prediction misses Difference indicates that actual value in region deviates the degree of predicted value, and departure degree is bigger, and required energy storage power is bigger, on the contrary then get over It is small.
Energy storage is not involved in global optimization, and the performance number of micro turbine and regional export is given according to global optimization result.Then when When uncontrollable distributed power generation and load actual power equal with prediction power, area power meets, regional export power optimization The sum of value, controllable distributed power generation optimization power, uncontrollable distributed energy predicted value are equal to predicted load.
Supplement as above-mentioned technical proposal, region control guarantee that outlet power is real using exchange power control mode is determined Actual value is equal with optimal value;The prediction error in region no longer passes through controlled distribution formula energy control, and power remains optimization function The prediction error of rate, region is controlled by energy storage.
Supplement as above-mentioned technical proposal, the outlet power in the region follow unscheduled power, i.e., exchange power control surely Feeder line control error criterion under molding formula is controlled as zero.
Supplement as above-mentioned technical proposal is adjusted using the unbiased difference control method determined under exchange power control mode The control error of the feeder line under exchange power control mode is determined in energy storage control.
Using determining exchange power control mode, controllable distributed power generation power is constant for region control, and according to determining exchange function The definition of feeder line control error (FCE) and regional prediction error criterion (AFE) under rate control model, attainable region domain actual value The size of deviation is equal to AFE between optimal value, indicates deviation size relation formula between regional prediction value and actual value.
The present invention determines the unbiased difference control method of exchange power control mode using FCE, adjusts energy storage and controls FCE.When pre- When measured value is equal with actual value, ACE=0, FCE=0, energy storage power are 0;When predicted value and actual value do not wait, it is assumed that AFE increases Greatly, FCE is increased with it, and energy storage increases under the action of integral, and FCE will reduce, and until being 0, control terminates.If AFE reduces, Control mode is identical.
Supplement as above-mentioned technical proposal, region control process include:
S1:Error is predicted in first zoning, i.e. AFE, compared with the output power of energy storage, difference is to determine exchange power control Feeder line under mode controls error, i.e. FCE index;
S2:FCE index is integrated, acquired results are the reference value of energy storage output power;
S3:AFE and energy storage output power constantly compared with, when the two is equal, the power complete equipilibrium of energy storage predicts error, control System terminates.
Supplement as above-mentioned technical proposal, control terminate, FCE zero;Control system response speed is very fast, is controlling Assert that AFE is constant in journey;The deviation of AFE is all adjusted by energy storage when FCE is zero.
Supplement as above-mentioned technical proposal, AFE are the actual power of load and uncontrollable DG and the error of prediction power, According to central-limit theorem, this error meets normal distribution;Since the power of energy storage is equal to AFE, energy storage changed power Size also meets normal distribution.
Supplement as above-mentioned technical proposal, the capacity and integration time constant and regional prediction error in one day of energy storage With it is related, i.e., it is related with the control system in region and forecasting system.Since AFE meets normal distribution, and dispatching cycle In be independent from each other, therefore the sum of daily regional prediction error Normal Distribution, energy storage configures watt level and control The regional prediction error distribution of period is related, is distributed, presses by the prediction error that data statistics goes out the control time of control area Energy storage power is configured according to confidence level;The sum of the capacity of energy storage and the regional prediction error of a dispatching cycle are related, by number Go out daily error and probability distribution according to statistics, according to the capacity of confidence level configuration energy storage.
It is the capacity of energy storage area control error with integration time constant and in one day and related, i.e., with control system and in advance Examining system is related.It since AFE meets normal distribution, and is independent from each other in dispatching cycle, therefore daily region Predict the sum of error Normal Distribution, energy storage configuration watt level is related with the regional prediction error distribution of control time, warp Cross the prediction error distribution that data statistics goes out the control time of control area, so that it may configure energy storage power according to confidence level. The sum of the capacity of energy storage and the domain error of a dispatching cycle are related, and the probability point of daily error sum is gone out by data statistics Cloth can configure the capacity of energy storage according to confidence level.
Same confidence level is used for configuration stored energy capacitance, then capacity configuration equation is Pr (C >=Ccfg)=1- α, Wherein 1- α is confidence level, PcfgFor the configuration power of energy storage, general confidence level takes 0.99.
Compared with prior art, the device have the advantages that it is as follows:
1, in the case where not adding energy storage, due to predicting error, outlet power has biggish fluctuation.Use energy storage Region control is carried out, outlet power fluctuation reduces, and FCE remains essentially as 0, has reached the control effect of anticipation.
2, the maximum value of power and capacity is all not above Configuration Values, illustrates that Configuration Values are reasonable.The curve of energy storage power with AFE curve is close, illustrates that the error of regional prediction is dissolved and filled up by energy storage, plays the role of stabilizing outlet power. Active distribution network energy storage configuration based on regional prediction error, power is uncontrollable DG power 3% or so, in identical engineering item It, can be with the lesser energy storage of configuration capacity, to reduce the cost of energy storage in region under part.
3, the configuration of energy storage power and energy is reasonable in this method, has preferable control effect, reduces outlet power Fluctuation;It is configured compared to traditional energy storage, reduces the power and capacity of energy storage, to reduce the cost of energy storage in region.At Fruit has been applied to actual electric network planning operation, can be on meeting power target tracing control Demand Base, by energy storage configuration capacity It is limited within the 10% of system total load capacity.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is configuration flow figure of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the canonical schema of active power distribution network control area in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the control process figure that energy storage control FCE is adjusted in the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Below with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention will be further described.
Using determining exchange power control mode, controllable distributed power generation power is constant for region control, and according to determining exchange function The definition of feeder line control error (FCE) and regional prediction error criterion (AFE) under rate control model, attainable region domain actual value The size of deviation is equal to AFE between optimal value, indicates deviation size relation formula between regional prediction value and actual value.
Region control needs to guarantee that outlet power actual value is equal with optimal value using exchange power control mode is determined.Area The deviation in domain no longer passes through controlled distribution formula energy control, and power remains optimization power, and deviation is controlled by energy storage System.
By the control of zone controller, the outlet power of zone of control is controllable, therefore zone of control can be seen At a controllable DG, and to make system operate in global optimization state, it is desirable to the outlet power in region follows unscheduled power, I.e. FCE index should be controlled as 0.If not 0, then illustrate that the outlet power in region deviates planned value, system operation deviates excellent Change state.
The present invention determines the unbiased difference control method of exchange power control mode using FCE, adjusts energy storage and controls FCE.When pre- When measured value is equal with actual value, ACE=0, FCE=0, energy storage power are 0;When predicted value and actual value do not wait, it is assumed that AFE increases Greatly, FCE is increased with it, and energy storage increases under the action of integral, and FCE will reduce, and until being 0, control terminates.If AFE reduces, Control mode is identical.
Energy storage power configuration:Region control using determining exchange power control mode, i.e., holding area outlet power with it is excellent Change value is equal, and controlled distribution formula power supply is without adjusting in region.Control terminates, and FCE should be 0.Control system response speed compared with Fastly, it is considered that AFE is constant in control process.The deviation of AFE is all adjusted by energy storage when FCE is 0, i.e., therefore exists In one control process, energy storage power can be intended to AFE, i.e. PESS=AFE.This process needs both to can achieve stabilization.
AFE is the actual power of load and uncontrollable DG and the error of prediction power, according to central-limit theorem, this mistake Difference should meet normal distribution, and the power of energy storage should be equal to AFE, therefore energy storage changed power size as can be seen from the above equation Also it should meet normal distribution.WhereinExpression is desired for Perror, variance isNormal distribution.
The power of energy storage meets probability distribution, therefore the configuration of energy storage is just significant under certain confidence level.Storage Energy power is configured to equation Pr (PESS≥Pcfg)=1- α.Wherein 1- α is confidence level, PcfgFor the configuration power of energy storage, one As to meet power system security, confidence level takes 0.99.
It can be seen that one day regional prediction error that energy storage configures watt level and control time by the configuration method Be distributed it is related, by data statistics go out one day control time of control area prediction error be distributed, so that it may according to confidence water Flat configuration energy storage power.The capacity of energy storage and the domain error of a dispatching cycle and it is related, it is every out by data statistics The probability distribution of it error sum, the capacity of energy storage can be configured according to confidence level.
In active power distribution network, the canonical schema of control area is as shown in Figure 2:There are three zone of control in figure, wherein PT It is control area dominant eigenvalues, MT is micro turbine, belongs to controlled distribution formula power supply;WG is wind-driven generator, and PV is photovoltaic hair Motor belongs to uncontrollable distributed generation resource;ESS is energy-storage system;Arrow indicates load at node.
To improve optimization efficiency, reduces distribution main website and control pressure, active distribution network uses the control framework of layer distributed: The global optimization approach of ADN main website issues the optimization aim of long time scale to zone controller;Zone controller according to it is long when Between scale optimization aim by adjusting the controllable power in compass of competency in real time, realize to global optimization target with Track.Control area can regard a controllable distributed generation resource as under the action of controller, and it is desirable that under optimization aim In the time interval of hair, region dominant eigenvalues follow unscheduled power.
In active distribution network layer distributed framework, if the global optimization variable that energy storage is run as system, to energy storage Capacity/power configuration requires boundary condition constraint that is larger, while increasing system global optimization model, easily reduces system operation Reliability and economy.Therefore in active distribution network control framework, energy storage is positioned at region controllable resources, is mainly used in area The control of domain dominant eigenvalues deviation.
Ideally, the uncontrollable distributed energy power prediction value of some control area is equal with actual value, bears The predicted value of lotus power is equal with actual value, and the controllable generated output in the dominant eigenvalues and region in region is according to global optimization Setting.But in practical situations, predicted value is discrepant with actual value, and definition region prediction error is:
AFE (t)=[PL,f(t)-PL,a(t)]-[PDG,f(t)-PDG,a(t)] (1)
Wherein PDG,f(t),PL,f(t) be uncontrollable distributed generation resource real-time predicted value and load real-time predicted value, adjust One point of general prediction in every 15 minutes in the works is spent, the real-time predicted value between two o'clock uses straight line fitting; PDG,a(t),PL,a (t) be uncontrollable distributed generation resource actual value and load actual value.Regional prediction error indicates that actual value deviates in region The degree of predicted value, departure degree is bigger, and required energy storage power is bigger, on the contrary then smaller.
In the active distribution network framework of layer distributed, the performance number of micro turbine and regional export is according to global optimization result It is given.Then when uncontrollable distributed power generation and load actual power equal with prediction power, area power meets equation (2)
PT,o+PcDG,o+PuDG,f-PL,f=0 (2)
Wherein PT,oIt is region dominant eigenvalues optimal value, PcDG,oIt is controllable distributed power generation optimization power, PuDG,fIt is not Controlled distribution formula energy forecast value, PL,fIt is predicted load.
Actual conditions area power should meet formula (3)
PT,a+PcDG,a+PuDG,a+PESS-PL,a=0 (3)
Wherein PT,aIt is region dominant eigenvalues actual value, PcDG,aIt is controllable distributed power generation actual power, PuDG,aIt is not Controlled distribution formula energy actual value, PL,aIt is load actual value.
Equation (2) and equation (3) are subtracted each other, region control, which uses, determines exchange power control mode, controllable distributed power generation Power is constant, and the definition of error criterion (FCE) and regional prediction error criterion (AFE) are controlled according to feeder line, can obtain equation (4)
FCE=AFE-PESS (4)
FCE is used to indicate the size of deviation between region actual value and optimal value, and AFE indicates regional prediction value and actual value Between deviation size.Region control needs to guarantee dominant eigenvalues actual value and optimal value using exchange power control mode is determined It is equal.The deviation in region no longer passes through controlled distribution formula energy control, and power remains optimization power, deviation by energy storage come It is controlled.
By the control of zone controller, the dominant eigenvalues of zone of control are controllable, therefore can be by zone of control Regard a controllable DG as, and to make system operate in global optimization state, it is desirable to which the dominant eigenvalues in region follow plan Power, i.e. FCE index should be controlled as 0.If not 0, then illustrate that the dominant eigenvalues in region deviate planned value, system operation Deviate Optimal State.
The present invention determines the unbiased difference control method of exchange power control mode using FCE, adjusts energy storage and controls FCE, control Equation is:
FCE=AFE-PESS (5)
T is integration time constant.
When predicted value is equal with actual value, AFE=0, FCE=0, energy storage power are 0;When predicted value and actual value differ When, it is assumed that AFE increases, and FCE is increased with it, and energy storage increases under the action of integral, and FCE will reduce, until being 0, control knot Beam.If AFE reduces, control mode is identical.
Specific control process is as shown in Figure 3:
Region control process is:First zoning PREDICTIVE CONTROL error, compared with the output power of energy storage, difference FCE Index;FCE index is integrated, acquired results are the reference value of energy storage output power;AFE and energy storage output power are continuous Compare, when the two is equal, the power complete equipilibrium of energy storage predicts error, and control terminates.
Present invention disclosed above example is only intended to help to illustrate the present invention.There is no all thin of detailed descriptionthe for example Section, does not limit the invention to the specific embodiments described.Obviously, according to the content of this specification, many repair can be made Change and changes.These examples are chosen and specifically described to this specification, is principle in order to better explain the present invention and actually answers With so that skilled artisan be enable to better understand and utilize the present invention.The present invention only by claims and The limitation of its full scope and equivalent.

Claims (10)

1. the active distribution network energy storage configuration strategy based on regional prediction error, which is characterized in that active distribution network passes through distribution The global optimization approach at host station, issues optimization aim to controller, each controller controls a region, and according to optimization The power of controlled distribution formula power supply in objective management region;Regard a controllable point as under the action of controller in control area Cloth power supply, and in the time interval that optimization aim issues, regional export power follows unscheduled power;Simultaneously in region The problem of fluctuation of outlet power caused by the prediction error of uncontrollable power supply and load deviates optimization aim establishes regional prediction mistake Poor index AFE is to instruct active distribution network energy storage configuration strategy;Energy storage is used to control region outlet power, reduces storage Energy power capacity stabilizes control area due to predicting error bring power swing.
2. the active distribution network energy storage configuration strategy based on regional prediction error as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that no Use energy storage to run variable as network optimization, is only positioned at control area outlet power prediction error, storage required for reducing It can power.
3. the active distribution network energy storage configuration strategy based on regional prediction error, feature exist as claimed in claim 1 or 2 In region control guarantees that outlet power actual value is equal with optimal value using exchange power control mode is determined;The prediction in region misses For difference no longer by controlled distribution formula energy control, power remains optimization power, and the prediction error in region is carried out by energy storage Control.
4. the active distribution network energy storage configuration strategy based on regional prediction error as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that institute The outlet power for stating region follows unscheduled power, that is, the prediction error criterion determined under exchange power control mode is controlled as zero.
5. the active distribution network energy storage configuration strategy based on regional prediction error as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that adopt With the unbiased difference control method determined under exchange power control mode, adjusts energy storage and control the feeder line determined under exchange power control mode Control error.
6. the active distribution network energy storage configuration strategy based on regional prediction error as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that area Domain control process includes:
S1:Error is predicted in first zoning, i.e. AFE, compared with the output power of energy storage, difference is to determine exchange power control mode Under feeder line control error, i.e. FCE index;
S2:FCE index is integrated, acquired results are the reference value of energy storage output power;
S3:AFE and energy storage output power constantly compared with, when the two is equal, the power complete equipilibrium of energy storage predicts error, control knot Beam.
7. as described in claim 1 based on the power configuration strategy of regional prediction error, which is characterized in that control terminates, FCE It is zero;Control system response speed is very fast, assert that AFE is constant in control process;The deviation of AFE is all by storing up when FCE is zero It can be adjusted.
8. as described in claim 1 based on the power configuration strategy of regional prediction error, which is characterized in that AFE be load and The actual power of uncontrollable DG and the error of prediction power, according to central-limit theorem, this error meets normal distribution;Due to The power of energy storage is equal to AFE, therefore energy storage changed power size also meets normal distribution.
9. as described in claim 1 based on the capacity configuration strategy of regional prediction error, which is characterized in that the capacity of energy storage with Integration time constant and in one day regional prediction error and it is related, i.e., it is related with the control system in region and forecasting system.
10. as claimed in claim 9 based on the capacity configuration strategy of regional prediction error, which is characterized in that energy storage configures function Rate size is related with the regional prediction error distribution of control time, and the prediction of the control time of control area is gone out by data statistics Error distribution configures energy storage power according to confidence level;The sum of the regional prediction error of the capacity of energy storage and a dispatching cycle It is related, daily error and probability distribution are gone out by data statistics, according to the capacity of confidence level configuration energy storage.
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