CN108830941A - 3D guide method - Google Patents
3D guide method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108830941A CN108830941A CN201810664055.0A CN201810664055A CN108830941A CN 108830941 A CN108830941 A CN 108830941A CN 201810664055 A CN201810664055 A CN 201810664055A CN 108830941 A CN108830941 A CN 108830941A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T19/00—Manipulating 3D models or images for computer graphics
- G06T19/003—Navigation within 3D models or images
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T17/00—Three dimensional [3D] modelling, e.g. data description of 3D objects
- G06T17/05—Geographic models
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- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses 3D guide methods, including step in detail below：1) 3D model of place is made；2) interactive function of walking is realized；3) it writes data into equipment, forms guide to visitors figure；4) use of guide to visitors figure；Realize 3d space guide to visitors, user can quickly and effectively find route, easy to operate, guide to visitors is practical, and experience sense is strong by moving in true 3D environment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the fields such as 3D technology, are 3D guide methods specifically.
Background technique
Nowadays, science and technology make rapid progress, people have higher requirement to experience sense and ease for use, wherein wisdom guide to visitors for
People, which play, browses that scenic spot, venue, quotient is superfine important guiding function, but the guide to visitors map view of the prior art on the market
One kind is plane map, and only route, the not so good user of sense of direction can not effectively use guide to visitors；Another kind is panoramic pictures
Scene is jumped, experience sense is poor.
Exist in the prior art it is a kind of map guide to visitors is carried out by the way of plane picture presentation, be a kind of mainstream guide to visitors
Mode, its implementation are：Acquisition material production plan view, shows there is that realization is simple, but exist in a device
It is disadvantageous in that：Tourist can only watch, and ease for use is poor, and the user that position feels bad is difficult to use.
There is also the modes that krpano panorama sketch jumps to carry out map guide to visitors for the prior art, and panorama sketch, which jumps, mainly simulates
The false 3D guide to visitors of 3D environment is to be jumped to complete guide to visitors effect by Panoramagram montage one by one.
The implementation that krpano panorama sketch jumps includes：
1, material is acquired；
2,3D model or the photo that pans are made；
3,3D model or distant view photograph are converted to by Krpano technology and issues more fragmentation pattern formation one spherical shape (puppets
3D), panorama code is generated；
It 4, will be in code and accompanying document write device；
5, tourist's viewing and manipulation guide to visitors figure.
The advantages of krpano panorama sketch jumps be：Real picture, user are readily appreciated that guide to visitors route.
The shortcomings that krpano panorama sketch jumps：Each jump requires to click, complicated for operation, one by one scene hop,
Scene transition is unnatural, and experience sense is poor.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to design 3D guide method, 3d space guide to visitors is realized, user can be by true
It is moved in 3D environment, quickly and effectively finds route, easy to operate, guide to visitors is practical, and experience sense is strong.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：3D guide method, including step in detail below：
1) 3D model of place is made；
2) interactive function of walking is realized；
3) it writes data into equipment, forms guide to visitors figure；
4) use of guide to visitors figure.
Further is that the present invention is better achieved, and especially uses following set-up modes：The step 1) includes following tool
Body step：
1.1) space-filling model of 3D is produced according to architectural plan；
1.2) further produced according to real shooting photo guide to visitors route by way of spatial detail model；The spatial detail mould
Type can control the size of 3D model of place for restoring scene details, preferred to be controlled by the way of equal proportion scaling
The size of 3D model of place；Scene details is restored as far as possible, while to consider to control the size of entire model of place, the ratio such as carries out
Example scaling.
Further is that the present invention is better achieved, and especially uses following set-up modes：Carrying out the foundation of 3D model of place
When related element include：
Scene：The three-dimensional space that model, material and light are constituted；
Material：Including drawing material and shooting textures material；
Light：Including environment light, point light source；
Camera：Using perspective camera.
Further is that the present invention is better achieved, and especially uses following set-up modes：The step 2) includes following tool
Body step：
2.1) 3D model of place is written by web page code by WEBGL technology：In the webgl generation of project (i.e. 3D guide to visitors figure)
In code, by using model loader, (model loader itself is a function in webgl, is one section of code, has load
The function of model) the 3D model made is loaded into our scene；
2.2) camera is written in 3D model of place：In webgl, PerspectiveCamera is instantiated in code
Perspective camera, and carry out the parameter settings such as the visual angle (angular range seen) of camera, far plane (how far can farthest see), 3D
Model of place and camera be it is relatively independent, be all present in a virtual space, but the migration of phase function is in 3D model of place
Inside and outside, camera is the medium by 3D scene display at interface.
2.3) camera and 3D model of place are manipulated, realization moves in true 3D environment, converts visual angle.
Further is that the present invention is better achieved, and especially uses following set-up modes：In the step 2.1), by 3D
When web page code is written in model of place, using the load document in three.js, wherein OBJMTLLoader.js is for identification
The ontology of 3D model of place, the textures of DDSLoader.js 3D model of place for identification, MTLLoader.js 3D for identification
The material of model of place.
Further is that the present invention is better achieved, and especially uses following set-up modes：The step 2.3) is specially：Benefit
The manipulation of camera and 3D model of place, including following movement are carried out with OrbitControls controller：
Certain is set by the value of code autoRotateSpeed and puts motionless rotation speed, carries out entire three-dimensional environment rotation
Turn；
Translational velocity is set by the value of code keyPanSpeed, user can be allowed to pass through the touching of mouse or finger,
Carry out advance, retrogressing, the stopping of any direction；
The uniform motion on 3D model of place any direction.
Further is that the present invention is better achieved, and especially uses following set-up modes：The data of the step 3) include
Code and accompanying document.
The step 3) is specially：
3.1) establish a file, by the scene of webgl, controller, loader, light, camera, renderer and
The front-end codes file such as HTML, CSS, JavaScript all exists in this file, and the file used all introduces a suffix
For in the file of html；
3.2) the related local server of this file equipment is bundled to (preferably using touch one-piece machine, that is, to beat
Wrap the host computer of touch one-piece machine) on, this is opened on the display screen of equipment (touch one-piece machine) by local server
The 3D guide to visitors figure of the project can be realized in a html.
Further is that the present invention is better achieved, and especially uses following set-up modes：The step 4) is specially：Tourist
Guide to visitors figure is watched or/and manipulated by touch apparatus (preferably using touch one-piece machine).
Further is that the present invention is better achieved, and especially uses following set-up modes：Carrying out the production of 3D model of place
Further include the steps that acquiring material before, the acquisition material is：Construction plan view electronic edition；Or it is pressed after field measurement
Ratio drawn obtained by plan view electronic edition, and be taken on site guide to visitors route approach each space comprehensive photo.
Compared with prior art, the present invention having the following advantages that and beneficial effect：
(1) present invention in view of present mainstream guide to visitors technology the shortcomings that on, by using webgl technology, realize 3D
Space guide to visitors, user can quickly and effectively find route, easy to operate, guide to visitors is real by moving in true 3D environment
Strong with property, experience sense is strong.
(2) present invention is a kind of completely new true 3D environment guide to visitors, solves prior art disadvantage
(3) application of the invention can allow user to have intuitive raising in guide to visitors ease for use in true 3D environment,
Solve plane map guide to visitors, only route, the deficiency that the not so good user of sense of direction can not effectively use.
(4) of the invention in application, in 3D environment shiftable haulage line, or even viewing route ambient enviroment, improve user's
Experience sense solves moment mobile context of the krpano one place to another place, the problem of experience sense difference.
(5) the advantages of present invention set is navigated on the market, while solving the problems, such as ease for use and experience sense.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of 3D model of place actual effect in the use of the present invention, being shown in the case where third visual angle
Figure.
Fig. 2 is a kind of 3D model of place actual effect in the use of the present invention, being shown in the case where the first visual angle
Figure.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to embodiment, embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
To keep the purposes, technical schemes and advantages of embodiment of the present invention clearer, implement below in conjunction with the present invention
The technical solution in embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described in attached drawing in mode, it is clear that described reality
The mode of applying is some embodiments of the invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, ability
Domain those of ordinary skill every other embodiment obtained without creative efforts, belongs to the present invention
The range of protection.Therefore, the detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit below and is wanted
The scope of the present invention of protection is sought, but is merely representative of selected embodiment of the invention.Based on the embodiment in the present invention,
Every other embodiment obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belongs to this
Invent the range of protection.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that, term " center ", " longitudinal direction ", " transverse direction ", " length ", " width ",
" thickness ", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outside", " up time
The orientation or positional relationship of the instructions such as needle ", " counterclockwise " is to be based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is merely for convenience of
The description present invention and simplified description, rather than the equipment of indication or suggestion meaning or element must have a particular orientation, with spy
Fixed orientation construction and operation, therefore be not considered as limiting the invention.
In addition, term " first ", " second " are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or suggesting relative importance
Or implicitly indicate the quantity of indicated technical characteristic.Define " first " as a result, the feature of " second " can be expressed or
Implicitly include one or more of the features.In the description of the present invention, the meaning of " plurality " is two or more,
Unless otherwise specifically defined.
In the present invention unless specifically defined or limited otherwise, term " installation ", " connected ", " connection ", " fixation " etc.
Term shall be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be being fixedly connected, may be a detachable connection, or integral；It can be mechanical connect
It connects, is also possible to be electrically connected；It can be directly connected, can also can be in two elements indirectly connected through an intermediary
The interaction relationship of the connection in portion or two elements.It for the ordinary skill in the art, can be according to specific feelings
Condition understands the concrete meaning of above-mentioned term in the present invention.
In the present invention unless specifically defined or limited otherwise, fisrt feature second feature "upper" or "lower"
It may include that the first and second features directly contact, also may include that the first and second features are not direct contacts but pass through it
Between other characterisation contact.Moreover, fisrt feature includes the first spy above the second feature " above ", " above " and " above "
Sign is right above second feature and oblique upper, or is merely representative of first feature horizontal height higher than second feature.Fisrt feature exists
Second feature " under ", " lower section " and " following " include that fisrt feature is directly below and diagonally below the second feature, or is merely representative of
First feature horizontal height is less than second feature.
Embodiment 1：
The invention proposes 3D guide methods, realize 3d space guide to visitors, user can be by moving in true 3D environment
It is dynamic, route is quickly and effectively found, easy to operate, guide to visitors is practical, and experience sense is strong, especially uses following setting structures：Packet
Include step in detail below：
1) 3D model of place is made；
2) interactive function of walking is realized；
3) it writes data into equipment, forms guide to visitors figure；
4) use of guide to visitors figure.
Embodiment 2：
The present embodiment is further to optimize on the basis of the above embodiments, and further is that this hair is better achieved
It is bright, especially use following set-up modes：The step 1) includes step in detail below：
1.1) space-filling model of 3D is produced according to architectural plan；
1.2) further produced according to real shooting photo guide to visitors route by way of spatial detail model；The spatial detail mould
Type can control the size of 3D model of place for restoring scene details, preferred to be controlled by the way of equal proportion scaling
The size of 3D model of place；Scene details is restored as far as possible, while to consider to control the size of entire model of place, the ratio such as carries out
Example scaling.
When realizing the present invention, the 3D model of place of 3D guide to visitors needs to establish ours using modeling softwares such as 3D-MAX
Why model of place selects 3D-MAX, is because it has convenient and fast CAT integrated, Autodesk Materials Library abundant etc. is many
Advantage.
Embodiment 3：
The present embodiment is to advanced optimize based on any of the above embodiments, and further is that this hair is better achieved
It is bright, especially use following set-up modes：When carrying out 3D model of place and establishing, related element includes：
Scene：The three-dimensional space that model, material and light are constituted；
Material：Including drawing material and shooting textures material；
Light：Including environment light, point light source；
Camera：Using perspective camera.
When progress 3D model of place is established, the environment where 3D model of place is needed to configure, is specifically included：
1. scene：A three-dimensional space where model, material and light etc.
Scene=new THREE.Scene ()；
2. light：Including environment light, point light source etc.
Var ambient=new THREE.AmbientLight (0xdddddd)；
scene.add(ambient)；
Var PointLight=new THREE.PointLight (0xEEEEEE)；
scene.add(PointLight)；
3. camera：Preferably use perspective camera
Camera=new THREE.PerspectiveCamera (parameters).
The present invention uses the realization 3D guide to visitors based on webgl technology, and the range of the guide to visitors is a closed space.
WebGL is a kind of 3D drawing agreement, and developer can be used webgl technology and show 3D scene and mould glibly in browser
Type, moreover it is possible to create complicated navigation and data and visualize.WebGL technical standard eliminates the fiber crops of the exploitation dedicated Rendering Plug of webpage
It is tired.The present invention use written in JavaScript WebGL third party library Three.js, Three.js be it is a operate in it is clear
The 3D engine look in device can use it to create various three-dimensional scenics in the present invention, include that video camera, shadow, material etc. are each
Kind object.
(it is a kind of 3D drafting standards to Webgl technology, and by it, developer can browse by system video card
3D scene and model are shown and operated more glibly in device), if by the tourist of leader at this time in A point, it is desirable to B point is removed in selection, this
When webgl can be used control visual angle and the position of people by changing the position of camera to realize the body of movement from A to B
It tests.
Embodiment 4：
The present embodiment is to advanced optimize based on any of the above embodiments, and further is that this hair is better achieved
It is bright, especially use following set-up modes：The step 2) includes step in detail below：
2.1) 3D model of place is written by web page code by WEBGL technology：In the webgl generation of project (i.e. 3D guide to visitors figure)
In code, by using model loader, (model loader itself is a function in webgl, is one section of code, has load
The function of model) the 3D model made is loaded into our scene；
2.2) camera is written in 3D model of place：In webgl, PerspectiveCamera is instantiated in code
Perspective camera, and carry out the parameter settings such as the visual angle (angular range seen) of camera, far plane (how far can farthest see), 3D
Model of place and camera be it is relatively independent, be all present in a virtual space, but the migration of phase function is in 3D model of place
Inside and outside, camera is the medium by 3D scene display at interface.
2.3) camera and 3D model of place are manipulated, realization moves in true 3D environment, converts visual angle.
Embodiment 5：
The present embodiment is to advanced optimize based on any of the above embodiments, and further is that this hair is better achieved
It is bright, especially use following set-up modes：In the step 2.1), when web page code is written in 3D model of place, use
Load document in three.js, wherein the ontology of OBJMTLLoader.js 3D model of place for identification,
The textures of DDSLoader.js 3D model of place for identification, the material of MTLLoader.js 3D model of place for identification, three
Person is indispensable, is specifically using rule：
Embodiment 6：
The present embodiment is to advanced optimize based on any of the above embodiments, and further is that this hair is better achieved
It is bright, especially use following set-up modes：The step 2.3) is specially：Using OrbitControls controller carry out camera and
The manipulation of 3D model of place, including following movement：
Certain is set by the value of code autoRotateSpeed and puts motionless rotation speed, carries out entire three-dimensional environment rotation
Turn；
Translational velocity is set by the value of code keyPanSpeed, user can be allowed to pass through the touching of mouse or finger,
Carry out advance, retrogressing, the stopping of any direction；
The uniform motion on 3D model of place any direction.
Three-dimensional space and 3D model of place etc. be ready for it is ready in the case where, controller is how to allow 3D model of place dynamic
Get up, to achieve the effect that Walk Simulation in space, realizes the key point of 3D guide to visitors.Camera is acting as in three-dimensional space
The role of the eyes of our people, it is seen that 3D model of place be moved and changed in all be camera associated change, what camera served as
Our eyes, our eyes are changing in movement, it is seen that scenery also just and then move, variation.And it controls
Device is exactly the director how eyes of let us move.
The threedimensional model of different controller control, the effect presented is also different.Elsewhere, Wo Menye
Permitted to see a model in the spinning of three-dimensional space, it is an individual individual, our visual angle cannot enter this
The inside of a model is observed, controller type that it is used and type here are different.The control that the present invention uses
Device processed is OrbitControls, it can be such that entire three-dimensional environment rotates, and user can also be allowed to pass through the touching of mouse or finger
It touches, carries out the advance, retrogressing and stopping of any direction, the speed to move forward and backward is arranged by code.When our phase
Machine (just as our eyes) is just seemingly placed oneself in the midst of and is gone sight-seeing in the building when three-dimensional building interior at the uniform velocity moves.In this way, I
The 3D guide to visitors simulated also be achieved that.
The advantages of Webgl：Installation other applications can not be needed directly in browser execution.Relative to other similar
3D technology, the compatibility of webgl and cross-platform be better than other 3d interfaces.Such as：Direct3D can also accomplish similar
Effect, but it only support Windows system.
Embodiment 7：
The present embodiment is to advanced optimize based on any of the above embodiments, and further is that this hair is better achieved
It is bright, especially use following set-up modes：The data of the step 3) include code and accompanying document.
The step 3) is specially：
3.1) establish a file, by the scene of webgl, controller, loader, light, camera, renderer and
The front-end codes file such as HTML, CSS, JavaScript all exists in this file, and the file used all introduces a suffix
For in the file of html；
3.2) the related local server of this file equipment is bundled to (preferably using touch one-piece machine, that is, to beat
Wrap the host computer of touch one-piece machine) on, this is opened on the display screen of equipment (touch one-piece machine) by local server
The 3D guide to visitors figure of the project can be realized in a html.
Embodiment 8：
The present embodiment is to advanced optimize based on any of the above embodiments, and further is that this hair is better achieved
It is bright, especially use following set-up modes：The step 4) is specially：Tourist is watched or/and is manipulated by touch one-piece machine and led
Look at figure.
Embodiment 9：
The present embodiment is to advanced optimize based on any of the above embodiments, and further is that this hair is better achieved
It is bright, especially use following set-up modes：Further include the steps that acquiring material, the acquisition before carrying out the production of 3D model of place
Material is：Construction plan view electronic edition；Or gained plan view electronic edition is drawn to scale after field measurement, and
The comprehensive photo in each space of guide to visitors route approach is taken on site.
Material is concretely：The planar picture of scene plane design drawing, scene true environment containing equal proportion data,
Multi-angle of view photo, the picture, data of 360 photos (have best, without can also with), the individual articles model for needing to restore.
It is realizing such 3D guide to visitors early period, is needing to make or find relevant 3D model, such as：One project is rich
Object shop then needs to make and find museum's model of this project, the model of historical relic or other ornaments inside museum.
Such as：We have collected the plane design drawing of the bright Travel Service Center in Shandong, and existing in the bright Travel Service Center in Shandong
Field shooting multi-angle photo, measures and obtains practical building data.According to the obtained data method that rope passes through according to the present invention,
The bright Travel Service Center scene equal proportion in Shandong is carried out using 3DMAX software to model, and restores entire Tourist Center space, building, object
Product, by WEBGL technology by 3D model, controller, loader, light, camera, renderer and HTML, CSS,
The front-end codes such as JavaScript are introduced in the file that a suffix is html.It will include the file related one of above-mentioned file
A local server is bundled on the host computer of touch one-piece machine, the tourist of the bright Travel Service Center in Shandong is gone to, in hall
Using touch one-piece machine, this html file is opened on a display screen, and the 3D guide to visitors to entire Travel Service Center can be realized,
Tourist can pass through 3D guide to visitors, it is known that how many exhibition room of Travel Service Center, be located at where, go to the route at this,
And can be moved in 3D environment, which type of route knows can undergo in advance, which type of environmental change is had in route.
The above is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not does limitation in any form to the present invention, it is all according to
According to technical spirit any simple modification to the above embodiments of the invention, equivalent variations, protection of the invention is each fallen within
Within the scope of.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of 3D guide method, it is characterised in that：Including step in detail below：
1) 3D model of place is made；
2) interactive function of walking is realized；
3) it writes data into equipment, forms guide to visitors figure；
4) use of guide to visitors figure.
2. 3D guide method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step 1) includes step in detail below：
1.1) space-filling model of 3D is produced according to architectural plan；
1.2) further produced according to real shooting photo guide to visitors route by way of spatial detail model；The spatial detail model is used
In reduction scene details, and the size of 3D model of place can be controlled.
3. 3D guide method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：It is related when carrying out 3D model of place and establishing
Element includes：
Scene：The three-dimensional space that model, material and light are constituted；
Material：Including drawing material and shooting textures material；
Light：Including environment light, point light source；
Camera：Using perspective camera.
4. 3D guide method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step 2) includes step in detail below：
2.1) 3D model of place is written by web page code by WEBGL technology；
2.2) camera is written in 3D model of place；
2.3) camera and 3D model of place are manipulated, realization moves in true 3D environment, converts visual angle.
5. 3D guide method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：In the step 2.1), by 3D model of place
When web page code is written, using the load document in three.js, wherein OBJMTLLoader.js 3D scene mould for identification
The ontology of type, the textures of DDSLoader.js 3D model of place for identification, MTLLoader.js 3D model of place for identification
Material.
6. 3D guide method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：The step 2.3) is specially：It utilizes
OrbitControls controller carries out the manipulation of camera and 3D model of place, including following movement：
Certain is set by the value of code autoRotateSpeed and puts motionless rotation speed, carries out entire three-dimensional environment rotation；
Translational velocity is set by the value of code keyPanSpeed, user can be allowed by the touching of mouse or finger, carried out
Advance, retrogressing, the stopping of any direction；
The uniform motion on 3D model of place any direction.
7. 3D guide method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The data of the step 3) include code and are attached to
File.
8. 3D guide method according to claim 1 or claim 7, it is characterised in that：The step 3) is specially：
3.1) establish a file, by the scene of webgl, controller, loader, light, camera, renderer and HTML,
The front-end codes file such as CSS, JavaScript all exists in this file, and the file used all introduces a suffix and is
In the file of html；
3.2) the related local server of this file is bundled in equipment, by local server equipment display
This html is opened on screen, and the 3D guide to visitors figure of the project can be realized.
9. 3D guide method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The step 4) is specially：Tourist passes through touch
Guide to visitors figure is watched or/and manipulated to equipment.
10. 3D guide method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is also wrapped before carrying out the production of 3D model of place
The step of including acquisition material, the acquisition material is：Construction plan view electronic edition；Or it is carried out in proportion after field measurement
Gained plan view electronic edition is drawn, and the comprehensive photo in each space of guide to visitors route approach is taken on site.
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| CN201810664055.0A CN108830941A (en) | 2018-06-25 | 2018-06-25 | 3D guide method |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110910515A (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2020-03-24 | 杭州安恒信息技术股份有限公司 | Method, device and equipment for realizing rotation and scaling of object in three-dimensional scene |
| CN111563929A (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-08-21 | 广州锦行网络科技有限公司 | 2.5D webpage development method based on browser |
| CN112347397A (en) * | 2020-11-02 | 2021-02-09 | 杭州安恒信息技术股份有限公司 | Data visualization method and device based on browser and readable storage medium |
| CN112861055A (en) * | 2021-02-07 | 2021-05-28 | 吉林省科学技术信息研究所 | 3D model loading method |
| CN113043265A (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2021-06-29 | 沈阳新松机器人自动化股份有限公司 | Android-based library robot control method and device |
| CN113625863A (en) * | 2020-05-07 | 2021-11-09 | 艾索擘(上海)科技有限公司 | Method, system, device and storage medium for creating autonomous navigation virtual scene |
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