CN108828895A - A kind of optical imaging system and superelevation frame frequency imaging method based on Amici prism - Google Patents
A kind of optical imaging system and superelevation frame frequency imaging method based on Amici prism Download PDFInfo
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- CN108828895A CN108828895A CN201810547744.3A CN201810547744A CN108828895A CN 108828895 A CN108828895 A CN 108828895A CN 201810547744 A CN201810547744 A CN 201810547744A CN 108828895 A CN108828895 A CN 108828895A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
- G03B39/00—High-speed photography
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/10—Beam splitting or combining systems
- G02B27/12—Beam splitting or combining systems operating by refraction only
- G02B27/126—The splitting element being a prism or prismatic array, including systems based on total internal reflection
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Abstract
A kind of optical imaging system and superelevation frame frequency imaging method based on Amici prism of the present invention, including optical system, detector assembly；Contain Amici prism in the optical system；It after light beam enters optical system, is divided through multiple Amici prisms in optical system, is finally imaged on multiple detector assemblies respectively, while controlled multiple detector assemblies and being successively exposed, realize the high frame frequency imaging of scene；Optical system is internally provided with multiple Amici prisms, and eight imaging optical paths that light beam is formed after each Amici prism are identical.The present invention solves the contradiction between high-resolution and frame frequency, and system has the characteristics that high frame frequency, high-resolution, compact-sized, imaging is excellent, easy to use, environmental suitability is strong.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to high speed photography fields, are related to a kind of optical imaging system and superelevation based on Amici prism
Frame frequency imaging method.
Background technique
High speed photography is a kind of effective method for studying high-speed object movement, high compared with traditional photography
Speed photography has high time resolving power, can track and record quick change procedure.Currently, high-speed photography has been widely applied
The industries such as physics, biology, medicine, military affairs, sport and field are put in the movement of research priming system, shell transmitting and flight, pyrogenic process
Electricity, explosion, chemical reaction, car crass, lightning detection, fluid dynamics, gymnastic movement etc. play extremely important
Effect.
Traditional high-speed motion picture camera is able to achieve very high frame frequency, but mostly uses film as photosensitive element, and system is deposited
In scanning motion component, systems bulky is not only caused, but also which also limits its application ranges.Digital type high speed camera frame
Frequency is with resolution ratio there are restricting relation, and high resolution ratio necessarily leads to the reduction of frame frequency, and general frame frequency is lower, and only several hundred frames~
Thousands of frames or so are difficult meet the needs of practical application is to resolution ratio and higher frame frequency.And traditional ultrahigh speed frame imaging system
System mostly uses the reception system of ICCD or image intensifier as photodetector, and this image device resolution ratio is lower, pixel ruler
It is very little larger, it is difficult to obtain target be more clear, fine and smooth information.
Summary of the invention
Technology of the invention solves the problems, such as：Overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, it is super that the invention proposes a kind of high-resolution
High speed frame imaging system and superelevation frame frequency imaging method, solve the contradiction between high-resolution and frame frequency, and system has height
Frame frequency, high-resolution, it is compact-sized, imaging it is excellent, easy to use, environmental suitability is strong the features such as.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows：A kind of optical imaging system based on Amici prism, including optical system, spy
Survey device assembly；Contain Amici prism in the optical system；After light beam enters optical system, through multiple light splitting in optical system
Prism is divided, and is finally imaged on multiple detector assemblies respectively, while being controlled multiple detector assemblies and successively being exposed
Light realizes the high frame frequency imaging of scene.
The optical system focal length is 5.6mm, and relative aperture 1/2.2, field angle is 90.8 ° × 5.8 °, and optical system is abnormal
Become smaller in 4%, system overall length is less than 195mm, and optical system spatial frequency is 70lp/mm.
Further include LED illumination light source, realizes to scene light filling or bright lighting background is provided.
The optical system is internally provided with multiple Amici prisms, and formed after each Amici prism eight of light beam at
As optical path is identical.
The Amici prism is block prism, and material K9, inside includes 45 ° of half-reflection and half-transmission light splitting surfaces, is realized
The equipartition of energy.
Each imaging optical path includes the first bent moon positive lens being sequentially coaxially arranged from left to right along optical axis direction,
One bent moon negative lens, the second bent moon negative lens, third bent moon thick lens, the first Amici prism, the second Amici prism, the first biconvex
Positive lens, diaphragm, the first glued part, third Amici prism, the 4th bent moon negative lens, the second biconvex positive lens, the second glued part
And third biconvex positive lens, detector are located at the optical system rightmost side.
First Amici prism, the second Amici prism and third Amici prism in optical system light path clear aperture according to
Secondary reduction.
A kind of optical imaging system and superelevation frame frequency imaging method based on Amici prism, steps are as follows：
1) the eight channel imaging optical paths based on Amici prism are built；
2) imaging frame frequency M frame/s according to demand, determines that single detector component needs the frame frequency of work；
3) exposure time interval of single detector component is determined according to sensor frame frequency；
4) design single detector component exposes initial time position, every a Fixed Time Interval, in turn to each
Detector assembly exposure instruction, each detector assembly carry out electron exposure, completion pair after receiving exposure instruction immediately
The shooting of external scenery obtains and stores image.
The Fixed Time Interval is in musec order.
The advantages of the present invention over the prior art are that：
(1) it is divided by using multiple Amici prisms, light energy distribution is uniform, and there is no optical resolutions to lose, and eight
A optical path is identical, keeps entire optical imaging system integrated level high, compact-sized, small in size, light-weight.
(2) eight identical imaging optical paths are highly integrated, are conducive to enhance high frame frequency imaging system environment adaptability, guarantee
System Parameters variations such as optical system imaging quality and elements of interior orientation under different temperatures, air pressure environment are consistent.
(3) system is integrated eight imaging optical paths by Amici prism, so that adjustment is simply, conveniently, each imaging
Road field of view (fov) registration is easy, and registration accuracy is high, easy to accomplish to guarantee identical observation visual field, this is for guaranteeing that high frame frequency is imaged to pass
It is important.
(4) system imaging visual field is big, and distort small, high resolution.The present invention directlys adopt highly sensitive cmos detector,
The detector resolution is high, pixel dimension is smaller, is conducive to the observation to target detail.
(5) this patent high frequency imaging method reduces detector quantity while realizing the imaging of high frame frequency, to reduce
System bulk, power consumption, cost.
(6) this patent realizes the function of high speed camera with more low speed camera arrays, and the design for reducing single camera is difficult
Degree and system complexity.
(7) the invention is particularly suited to the high-speed photographies of target in the fields such as the more severe Aeronautics and Astronautics of environmental condition
Measurement, the especially application to the superelevation frame frequency of short distance high-speed moving object, high-resolution imaging have of crucial importance
Meaning.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is this patent imaging system composition schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is this patent optical system diagram.
Fig. 3 is this patent per imaging optical path figure all the way.
Fig. 4 is this patent exposure time series control figure
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
The high frame frequency imaging system of the high-resolution that the present embodiment is related to is mainly by the optical system 1 of eight channel framings, high score
The part such as the detector assembly 2 of resolution imaging and LED illumination light source forms, and system composition is as shown in Figure 1.The present invention can be achieved
The key technical indexes：
(1) spectral region：400nm~750nm
(2) resolution ratio：1600×80
(3) horizontal field of view angle：90°
(4) frame frequency：105fps
High-resolution superelevation frame frequency imaging system working principle：After light beam enters optical system, optical system is dexterously utilized
Multiple Amici prisms in system are divided, and incident laser energy is divided into uniform eight equal portions, are imaged on eight CMOS respectively and are visited
It surveys on device, synchronous control unit controls eight reception systems and takes pictures according to the timing of setting, to reach framing high-speed photography
Function.LED illumination light source is realized to scene light filling or provides bright lighting background.
The present embodiment optical system is internally provided with the Amici prism of three kinds of different clear apertures, and light beam is through each light splitting
Eight imaging optical paths formed after prism are identical.
In the present embodiment optical system, each imaging optical path includes sequentially coaxially being arranged from left to right along optical axis direction
The first bent moon positive lens 1-1, the first bent moon negative lens 1-2, the second bent moon negative lens 1-3, third bent moon thick lens 1-4,
One Amici prism 1-5, the second Amici prism 1-6, the first biconvex positive lens 1-7, diaphragm 1-8, the first glued part 1-9, third point
Light prism 1-10, the 4th bent moon negative lens 1-11, the second biconvex positive lens 1-12, the second gluing part 1-13 and third biconvex are just saturating
Mirror 1-14.
First Amici prism 1-5, the second Amici prism 1-6 and third Amici prism 1-10 lead in 1 optical path of optical system
Optical port diameter is sequentially reduced, and the first Amici prism 1-5, the second Amici prism 1-6 be located at before diaphragm and in the optical path it is adjacent successively
Setting, third Amici prism are located at behind diaphragm, close to detector side.
All lens surface light pass surfaces are coated with broadband anti-reflection film, and in 400nm~750nm spectral region, reflectivity is less than
0.5%.
The first Amici prism 1-5 quantity is 1 in optical system, and bore is 25mm × 25mm × 25mm；Second light splitting rib
Mirror 1-6 quantity is 2, and bore is 23mm × 23mm × 23mm；Third Amici prism 1-10 quantity is:, Amici prism 1, point
24, light prism, bore is 20mm × 20mm × 20mm.All Amici prisms are block prism, and material K9 is interior
Portion includes 45 ° of half-reflection and half-transmission light splitting surfaces, realizes that the equipartition of energy, prism surface light pass surface are coated with broadband anti-reflection film,
In 400nm~750nm spectral region, reflectivity is less than 0.5%.
In the present embodiment, optical system is divided using prism, and avoiding must be in optical system emergent pupil using pyramid
Position or equivalent position light splitting cause the decline of each framing subgraph optical resolution.
In the present embodiment, optical system light path takes the photograph remote structure using counter, and first lens material is using the light haveing excellent performance
Quartz glass is learned, it plays the role of protecting glass, the ability with anti-high and low-temp impact, the impact of anti-radiation and mechanical, right
Good protection and protective action can be provided when short distance imaging applications for system.
In the present embodiment, optical system focal length 5.6mm, relative aperture 1/2.2, design field angle is 90.8 ° × 5.8 °,
Optical system distorts less than 4%, and system overall length is less than 195mm, and optical system spatial frequency need to calculate 70lp/mm, optical system
Imaging viewing field of uniting is big, distorts small, high resolution, image quality is excellent, and at the frequent rate 70lp/mm in space, mtf value average value is big
In 0.7.
In the present embodiment high-resolution imaging detector assembly 2 (including detector assembly 2-1, detector assembly 2-2,
Detector assembly 2-3, detector assembly 2-4, detector assembly 2-5, detector assembly 2-6, detector assembly 2-7 and detector
Component 2-8, and 8 detector assemblies are identical) cmos image detector is used, Pixel size is 1600 × 80, is had
High resolution, feature low in energy consumption, detector use lesser pixel dimension (7um × 7um), are conducive to raising system and obtain mesh
The ability of the clear information of SD.In addition, detector can realize certain overclocking, single slice detector frame frequency is 10000fps, after overclocking
For frame frequency up to 12500fps, this reduces detector quantity while being also beneficial to realize high frame frequency, to reduce system bulk, again
Amount realizes low-power consumption, Miniaturization Design.
The present embodiment detector assembly 2 includes detector assembly 2-1, detector assembly 2-2, detector assembly 2-3, detection
Device assembly 2-4, detector assembly 2-5, detector assembly 2-6, detector assembly 2-7 and detector assembly 2-8, and 8 detections
Device and its component are identical.
In the present embodiment, superelevation frame frequency imaging system is controlled using external trigger mode, and trigger signal uses FPGA
It generates, FPGA controller carries out timing control to 8 cmos image sensors, realizes time sampling at equal intervals, the image of acquisition
It is stored in high-speed camera by real-time storage array.After shooting, by gigabit Ethernet by the figure in storage array
As sequential reading out.
In the present embodiment, the master control borad of the inside of superelevation frame frequency imaging system passes through highly reliable with 8 cmos imaging boards
Property plate between electric connector interconnect, realize image data and instruction interactive correspondence.Master control borad starts to refer to receiving external shooting
After enabling signal, the FPGA internal counter on board, which triggers, starts to work, every a Fixed Time Interval (timing
It is spaced in musec order), trigger exposures instruction is sent to 8 cmos imaging boards in turn, is completed to 8 cmos imaging boards
Timing control and scheduling.Each cmos imaging plate carries out electronics exposure after the exposure instruction for receiving master control borad immediately
Light completes the shooting to external scenery, carries out image storage.In this way, whole system is realized high under the control of master control borad FPGA
Frame frequency photography.
Timing control process between master control borad and each cmos imaging plate is as shown in Figure 4.
In the present embodiment, LED light source for illuminating is mainly used for providing good lighting condition for high speed imaging system, guarantees system
The image of good signal-to noise ratio is obtained when system work.Using great power LED as light source, lighting source power consumption is lighting source
100W can meet different requirements by the lamps and lanterns of replacement different-colour or power consumption, and the LED light source in the present invention can be with
Meet to the lighting demand in the distant place 1m~3m motive target imaging.According to mission requirements, which can not only be used for mending
Light source also can be used as background light source, be taken pictures demand with meeting the high frame frequency of different scenes.
Steps are as follows for the high frame frequency imaging method of the present embodiment：
1) the eight channel imaging optical paths based on Amici prism are built.
2) imaging frame frequency (10 according to demand5Frame/s), determine that single image sensor needs the frame frequency of work.This patent
Using 8 imaging sensors, single image working sensor frame frequency is N=105/ 8=12500 frame.
3) exposure time interval of single image sensor is determined according to sensor frame frequency.Time interval is 1/12500=
80us。
4) single image sensor initial time position is designed, eight cameras successively expose, circulation output.Design method is such as
Shown in Fig. 4.
5) image information is obtained.
The content that description in the present invention is not described in detail belongs to the well-known technique of professional and technical personnel in the field.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of optical imaging system based on Amici prism, it is characterised in that：Including optical system (1), detector assembly
(2)；Contain Amici prism in the optical system (1)；After light beam enters optical system (1), through multiple points in optical system
Light prism is divided, and is finally imaged on multiple detector assemblies (2) respectively, at the same control multiple detector assemblies (2) according to
It is secondary to be exposed, realize the high frame frequency imaging of scene.
2. a kind of optical imaging system and superelevation frame frequency imaging method based on Amici prism according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that：The optical system focal length is 5.6mm, and relative aperture 1/2.2, field angle is 90.8 ° × 5.8 °, and optical system is abnormal
Become smaller in 4%, system overall length is less than 195mm, and optical system spatial frequency is 70lp/mm.
3. a kind of optical imaging system and superelevation frame frequency imaging method based on Amici prism according to claim 2,
It is characterized in that：Further include LED illumination light source, realizes to scene light filling or bright lighting background is provided.
4. a kind of optical imaging system and superelevation frame frequency imaging method based on Amici prism according to claim 2 or 3,
It is characterized in that：The optical system (1) is internally provided with multiple Amici prisms, and light beam is formed after each Amici prism
Eight imaging optical paths are identical.
5. a kind of optical imaging system and superelevation frame frequency imaging method based on Amici prism according to claim 4,
It is characterized in that：The Amici prism is block prism, and material K9, inside includes 45 ° of half-reflection and half-transmission light splitting surfaces, is realized
The equipartition of energy.
6. a kind of optical imaging system and superelevation frame frequency imaging method based on Amici prism according to claim 4,
It is characterized in that：Each imaging optical path includes the first bent moon positive lens being sequentially coaxially arranged from left to right along optical axis direction
(1-1), the first bent moon negative lens (1-2), the second bent moon negative lens (1-3), third bent moon thick lens (1-4), the first light splitting rib
Mirror (1-5), the second Amici prism (1-6), the first biconvex positive lens (1-7), diaphragm (1-8), the first glued part (1-9), third
Amici prism (1-10), the 4th bent moon negative lens (1-11), the second biconvex positive lens (1-12), the second glued part (1-13) and the
Three biconvex positive lens (1-14), detector (1-15) are located at the optical system rightmost side.
7. a kind of optical imaging system and superelevation frame frequency imaging method based on Amici prism according to claim 6,
It is characterized in that：First Amici prism (1-5), the second Amici prism (1-6) and third Amici prism (1-10) are in optical system
Clear aperture is sequentially reduced in system (1) optical path.
8. a kind of optical imaging system and superelevation frame frequency imaging method based on Amici prism, it is characterised in that steps are as follows：
1) the eight channel imaging optical paths based on Amici prism are built；
2) imaging frame frequency M frame/s according to demand, determines that single detector component (2) needs the frame frequency of work；
3) exposure time interval of single detector component (2) is determined according to sensor frame frequency；
4) design single detector component (2) exposes initial time position, every a Fixed Time Interval, in turn to each spy
Device assembly (2) exposure instruction is surveyed, each detector assembly (2) carries out electron exposure after receiving exposure instruction immediately, complete
The shooting of external scenery in pairs, obtains and stores image.
9. a kind of optical imaging system and superelevation frame frequency imaging method based on Amici prism according to claim 8,
It is characterized in that：The Fixed Time Interval is in musec order.
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Cited By (4)
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| CN109724589A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-05-07 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | High data updating rate star sensor |
| CN111122126A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-05-08 | 北京灵犀微光科技有限公司 | Optical system definition testing method and device |
| CN115174768A (en) * | 2022-06-10 | 2022-10-11 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | High-speed industrial camera system capable of realizing multi-time frame frequency imaging and imaging method thereof |
| CN115334219A (en) * | 2022-08-08 | 2022-11-11 | 南京航空航天大学 | High-speed photographing system and method based on active and passive illumination |
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