CN108828894B - 3D light field display system and method - Google Patents

3D light field display system and method Download PDF

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CN108828894B
CN108828894B CN201810580221.9A CN201810580221A CN108828894B CN 108828894 B CN108828894 B CN 108828894B CN 201810580221 A CN201810580221 A CN 201810580221A CN 108828894 B CN108828894 B CN 108828894B
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projector
array
diffusion film
lens
diffusion
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CN108828894A (en
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桑新柱
杨神武
于迅博
高鑫
刘博阳
杨乐
刘立
颜玢玢
苑金辉
王葵如
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Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B35/00—Stereoscopic photography
    • G03B35/18—Stereoscopic photography by simultaneous viewing
    • G03B35/20—Stereoscopic photography by simultaneous viewing using two or more projectors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
    • G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
    • G02B30/27—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving lenticular arrays
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B35/00—Stereoscopic photography
    • G03B35/18—Stereoscopic photography by simultaneous viewing
    • G03B35/24—Stereoscopic photography by simultaneous viewing using apertured or refractive resolving means on screens or between screen and eye

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Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a 3D light field display system and a method, wherein the system comprises a projector array, a diffusion film and a micro-lens array; the projector array and the micro-lens array are positioned on two sides of the diffusion film in parallel; a first distance is reserved between the projector array and the diffusion film, and a second distance is reserved between the diffusion film and the micro-lens array; the projector array comprises at least two projectors, and the diffusion area of each diffusion point in the diffusion film is a cone; the method projects original images through a plurality of projectors in a projector array, simultaneously expands the diffusion angle of light rays in each original image through a diffusion film, diffuses the light rays emitted by each pixel point in the projector to cover the whole micro lens or even a plurality of micro lenses so as to achieve the purposes of fully controlling light and displaying light field coding images and reconstruct a 3D image with higher resolution; the system has simple structure and low cost, and the system and the method can reconstruct a 3D image with high resolution, thereby meeting the requirement of 3D light field display.

Description

3D light field display system and method
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of light field display, in particular to a 3D light field display system and a method.
Background
Among the light field display technologies, the integrated imaging light field display technology based on the microlens array has become the main light field display technology due to the advantage of providing continuous viewing range and true color three-dimensional effect.
The optical field acquisition technology is mainly divided into two major categories, the first category is an optical field camera formed by a lens array and a Charge-coupled Device (CCD), the optical field camera has the advantages of simple structure and convenient operation, information at different angles can be recorded by only taking a picture once, but the acquired image resolution is very low because one CCD needs to record the information at each angle. The second type is an acquisition array composed of a camera array, which has the advantages of high resolution of acquired images and more three-dimensional information, but has a complex structure and is not easy to operate.
The existing light field display equipment is mainly based on the light field display equipment consisting of a liquid crystal display and a micro lens array, and due to the limitation of the resolution of the existing liquid crystal display, the light field display equipment does not have enough resolution to reconstruct a real and vivid three-dimensional image; finally, the three-dimensional image reproduced by the existing light field display equipment has low resolution, small depth of field and small viewing angle. And based on the integrated imaging light field display technology of the liquid crystal display and the micro-lens array, the definition of the finally reproduced three-dimensional image is directly related to the resolution of the liquid crystal display, the maximum resolution of the liquid crystal display which is commercially used at present is 7680X 4320, and the improvement of the 3D display effect is limited. For example, a 3D lightfield display device requires a viewing angle of 40 degrees in both the horizontal and vertical directions, a single angular resolution of 800 × 600, and a total resolution of 40 × 800 × 600 to 7.68 × 108However, the resolution of the currently marketed 8K display is only 7680 × 4320 — 3.32 × 107And is expensive; the existing light field display equipment can not satisfy 3D light field display requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
To overcome the above problems or to at least partially solve the above problems, embodiments of the present invention provide a 3D light field display system and method.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a 3D light field display system, including: a projector array, a diffusion film, and a microlens array; the projector array, the diffusion film and the micro-lens array are parallel to each other, and the projector array and the micro-lens array are positioned on two sides of the diffusion film; a first distance is reserved between the projector array and the diffusion film, and a second distance is reserved between the diffusion film and the micro-lens array; the projector array comprises at least two projectors, and the diffusion area of each diffusion point in the diffusion film is a cone; the microlens array includes a plurality of microlenses.
Wherein, the first interval is:
Figure BDA0001688267780000021
in the above formula, p1Is the diameter of the exit lens of the projector; theta is the maximum included angle between the light rays emitted by the same pixel point in the projector after being refracted by the two edge points of the emergent lens, and the connecting line between the two edge points passes through the center of the emergent lens.
Wherein the second spacing is:
Figure BDA0001688267780000022
in the above formula, p2The diameter of the microlens is α, the diffusion angle of the diffusion film is α, θ is the maximum included angle between the light rays emitted by the same pixel point in the projector after being refracted by two edge points of the exit lens, and the connecting line between the two edge points passes through the center of the exit lens.
The arrangement mode of the micro lens array comprises matrix arrangement or honeycomb arrangement.
Wherein, the micro lens is a condensing lens.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a 3D light field display method, which comprises the following steps: projecting an original image onto the diffusion film through a projector array, wherein the projector array comprises at least two projectors, and each projector projects an original image on the diffusion film; keeping the distance between the projector array and the diffusion film as a first distance, and diffusing the light in each original image through the diffusion film; enabling the diffused light rays to pass through the micro lens array to form a 3D image in a repeated mode, and keeping the distance between the micro lens array and the diffusion film to be a second distance; receiving the 3D image at a third pitch from the microlens array, the third pitch being:
Figure BDA0001688267780000031
in the above formula, g is the second pitch, and f is the focal length of the microlens.
Wherein, the first interval is:
Figure BDA0001688267780000032
in the above formula, p1Is the diameter of the exit lens of the projector; theta is the maximum included angle between the light rays emitted by the same pixel point in the projector after being refracted by the two edge points of the emergent lens, and the connecting line between the two edge points passes through the center of the emergent lens.
Wherein the second spacing is:
Figure BDA0001688267780000033
in the above formula, p2The diameter of the microlens is α, the diffusion angle of the diffusion film is α, θ is the maximum included angle between the light rays emitted by the same pixel point in the projector after being refracted by two edge points of the exit lens, and the connecting line between the two edge points passes through the center of the exit lens.
The embodiment of the invention provides a 3D light field display system and a method, wherein the system comprises a projector array, a diffusion film and a micro-lens array; the projector array, the diffusion film and the micro-lens array are parallel to each other, and the projector array and the micro-lens array are positioned on two sides of the diffusion film; a first distance is reserved between the projector array and the diffusion film, and a second distance is reserved between the diffusion film and the micro-lens array; the projector array comprises at least two projectors, and the diffusion area of each diffusion point in the diffusion film is a cone; the microlens array includes a plurality of microlenses; the method comprises the steps that original images are projected through a plurality of projectors in a projector array, meanwhile, the diffusion angle of light in each original image is expanded through a diffusion film, the light emitted by each pixel point in each projector is diffused to cover the whole micro lens or even a plurality of micro lenses, so that the purposes of fully controlling light and displaying light field coding images of the images projected by the plurality of projectors are achieved, and 3D images with higher resolution are reconstructed; the system is simple in structure and low in cost, the method is simple to operate, and the system and the method can reconstruct a 3D image with high resolution, so that the requirement of 3D light field display is met.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a 3D light field display system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of a 3D light field display system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a microlens array according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a 3D light field display system, referring to fig. 1, including: a projector array 1, a diffusion film 2, and a microlens array 3; the projector array 1, the diffusion film 2 and the micro-lens array 3 are parallel to each other, and the projector array 1 and the micro-lens array 3 are positioned on two sides of the diffusion film 2; a first distance is reserved between the projector array 1 and the diffusion film 2, and a second distance is reserved between the diffusion film 2 and the micro-lens array 3; the projector array 1 comprises at least two projectors, and the diffusion area of each diffusion point in the diffusion film 2 is a cone; the microlens array 3 includes a plurality of microlenses.
Specifically, the 3D light field display system provided by the present embodiment includes a projector array 1, a diffusion film 2, and a microlens array 3, where the projector array 1, the diffusion film 2, and the microlens array 3 are parallel to each other, and the projector array 1 and the microlens array 3 are located on two sides of the diffusion film 2; a first distance is reserved between the projector array 1 and the diffusion film 2, and a second distance is reserved between the diffusion film 2 and the micro-lens array 3; the projector array 1 comprises at least two projectors, and the diffusion area of each diffusion point in the diffusion film 2 is a cone; the microlens array 3 includes a plurality of microlenses. The projector array 1 projects a plurality of original images, each original image forms an image on the diffusion film 2 in front of the micro-lens array 3, each light ray in each original image projected by the projector array 1 can be diffused into a cone shape through the diffusion film 2, the light rays emitted by each pixel point in the projector are diffused to a plane covering the whole micro-lens or even a plurality of micro-lenses through the second distance between the diffusion film 2 and the micro-lens array 3, and the 3D image with high resolution can be finally reconstructed in space through the light control of the micro-lens array 3. Therefore, the total resolution of the display can be improved by superimposing the original images projected by each projector in the projector array 1, and if the resolution of a single projector is M × N and the projector array 1 includes K projectors, the total resolution of the display images formed on the diffusion film 2 is M × N × K, and then the images with higher resolution can be finally obtained by controlling the light by the microlens array 3, which can meet the resolution requirement required by the light field 3D display.
In the embodiment, original images are projected by a plurality of projectors in a projector array, and meanwhile, the diffusion angle of light in each original image is expanded by a diffusion film, so that light emitted by each pixel point in the projector is diffused to a plane covering the whole micro lens or even the plurality of micro lenses, thereby achieving the purposes of fully controlling light and displaying light field coded images for the images projected by the plurality of projectors, and reconstructing a 3D image with higher resolution; the system is simple in structure, low in cost and simple in operation, can display the 3D image with high resolution, and meets the requirement of 3D light field display.
Based on the above embodiment, referring to fig. 2, the first pitch is:
Figure BDA0001688267780000051
in the above formula, p1Is the diameter of the exit lens of the projector; theta is the maximum included angle between the light rays emitted by the same pixel point in the projector after being refracted by the two edge points of the emergent lens, and the connecting line between the two edge points passes through the center of the emergent lens.
Specifically, the projector has an optical system, and the optical system in the projector includes an exit lens, which is a condensing lens, and is used for imaging an image stored in the projector to the outside and condensing light emitted by each pixel point in the image. In order to achieve the best effect, the diffusion film should be located at a focus point of light emitted by each pixel point in an image stored in the projector, the first distance is a distance between the focus point and the exit lens, and the first distance is:
Figure BDA0001688267780000061
in the above formula, p1Is the diameter of the exit lens of the projector; theta is the maximum included angle between the light rays emitted by the same pixel point in the projector after being refracted by the two edge points of the emergent lens, and the connecting line between the two edge points passes through the center of the emergent lens.
Based on the above embodiment, referring to fig. 2, the second pitch is:
Figure BDA0001688267780000062
in the above formula, p2The diameter of the microlens is α, the diffusion angle of the diffusion film is α, θ is the maximum included angle between the light rays emitted by the same pixel point in the projector after being refracted by two edge points of the exit lens, and the connecting line between the two edge points passes through the center of the exit lens.
Specifically, the diffusion angle of diffusion barrier is α, correspond a diffusion point on the diffusion barrier, the light that a certain pixel in the corresponding projecting apparatus sent, the contained angle of the light of incidenting this diffusion point is theta, theta is the biggest contained angle, the contained angle between the light that this maximum contained angle was sent in the projecting apparatus after the refraction of two marginal points of this pixel through exit lens, and the line between two marginal points passes through exit lens's center, then the biggest contained angle that the light that this pixel sent after the diffusion barrier diffusion is omega α + theta, in order to guarantee that the light that this pixel sent can cover the whole plane of microlens after the diffusion barrier diffusion, according to the geometric relation, the second interval between diffusion barrier and the microlens array is:
Figure BDA0001688267780000071
in the above formula, p2α is the diffusion angle of the diffusion film, theta is the maximum included angle between the light rays emitted by the same pixel point in the projector after being refracted by two edge points of the emergent lens, and the connection line between the two edge points passes through the emergent lensHits the center of the lens.
This embodiment is through setting up the second interval, and the light that guarantees to send by each pixel in the projecting apparatus can cover the whole plane of microlens after the diffusion of diffusion barrier to guarantee 3D imaging.
Based on the above embodiments, referring to fig. 3, the arrangement of the microlens array includes a matrix arrangement or a honeycomb arrangement.
Based on the above embodiments, the microlens is a condensing lens, which includes a single-sided convex lens, a double-sided convex lens, or a lens whose both sides are respectively convex and concave but have a condensing function.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a 3D light field display method, which comprises the following steps: projecting an original image onto the diffusion film through a projector array, wherein the projector array comprises at least two projectors, and each projector projects an original image on the diffusion film; keeping the distance between the projector array and the diffusion film as a first distance, and diffusing the light in each original image through the diffusion film; enabling the diffused light rays to pass through the micro lens array to form a 3D image in a repeated mode, and keeping the distance between the micro lens array and the diffusion film to be a second distance; receiving the 3D image at a third pitch from the microlens array, the third pitch being:
Figure BDA0001688267780000072
in the above formula, g is the second pitch, and f is the focal length of the microlens.
Wherein, the first interval is:
Figure BDA0001688267780000073
in the above formula, p1Is the diameter of the exit lens of the projector; theta is the maximum included angle between the light rays emitted by the same pixel point in the projector after being refracted by the two edge points of the emergent lens, and the connecting line between the two edge points passes through the center of the emergent lens.
Wherein the second spacing is:
Figure BDA0001688267780000081
wherein p is2The diameter of the microlens is α, the diffusion angle of the diffusion film is α, θ is the maximum included angle between the light rays emitted by the same pixel point in the projector after being refracted by two edge points of the exit lens, and the connecting line between the two edge points passes through the center of the exit lens.
Specifically, the 3D light field display method of the present embodiment is implemented by the 3D light field display system of the above embodiment, and the specific implementation method has been described in the 3D light field display system of the above embodiment, and is not repeated here, it should be emphasized here that, for the 3D image reconstructed in the 3D light field display system of the above embodiment, an observer may receive the 3D image at a third distance from the microlens array, where the third distance is:
Figure BDA0001688267780000082
wherein g is the second pitch and f is the focal length of the microlens.
In the embodiment, original images are projected by a plurality of projectors in a projector array, and meanwhile, the diffusion angle of light in each original image is expanded by a diffusion film, so that light emitted by each pixel point in the projector is diffused to a plane covering the whole micro lens or even the plurality of micro lenses, thereby achieving the purposes of fully controlling light and displaying light field coded images for the images projected by the plurality of projectors, and reconstructing a 3D image with higher resolution; the system is simple in structure, low in cost and simple in operation, can display the 3D image with high resolution, and meets the requirement of 3D light field display.
Finally, the description is as follows: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A 3D light field display system, comprising: a projector array, a diffusion film, and a microlens array;
the projector array, the diffusion film and the micro-lens array are parallel to each other, and the projector array and the micro-lens array are positioned on two sides of the diffusion film;
the projector array and the diffusion film have a first spacing therebetween, and the diffusion film and the microlens array have a second spacing therebetween;
the projector array comprises at least two projectors, and the diffusion area of each diffusion point in the diffusion film is a cone; the microlens array comprises a plurality of microlenses;
wherein the second pitch is:
Figure FDA0002359703690000011
wherein p is2The diameter of the micro lens is α, the diffusion angle of the diffusion film is α, theta is the maximum included angle, the maximum included angle is the included angle between the light rays emitted by the same pixel point in the projector after being refracted by two edge points of the emergent lens, and the connecting line between the two edge points passes through the center of the emergent lens.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the first pitch is:
Figure FDA0002359703690000012
wherein p is1Is the diameter of the exit lens of the projector; theta is the maximum included angle which is the projectorThe light rays emitted by the same middle pixel point pass through the included angle between the light rays refracted by the two edge points of the emergent lens, and the connecting line between the two edge points passes through the center of the emergent lens.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein the arrangement of the microlens array comprises a matrix arrangement or a honeycomb arrangement.
4. The system of claim 1, wherein the microlenses are condenser lenses.
5. A 3D light field display method, comprising:
projecting an original image onto a diffusion film through a projector array, wherein the projector array comprises at least two projectors, and each projector projects an original image on the diffusion film;
keeping the distance between the projector array and the diffusion film as a first distance, and diffusing the light in each original image through the diffusion film;
enabling the diffused light rays to pass through a micro lens array to form a 3D image in a repeated mode, and keeping the distance between the micro lens array and the diffusion film to be a second distance;
receiving the 3D image at a third pitch from the microlens array, the third pitch being:
Figure FDA0002359703690000021
wherein g is the second distance, and f is the focal length of the micro lens;
wherein the second pitch is:
Figure FDA0002359703690000022
wherein p is2The diameter of the microlens, α the diffusion angle of the diffusion film, and θ the maximum clipAnd the maximum included angle is the included angle between the light rays emitted by the same pixel point in the projector after being refracted by the two edge points of the emergent lens, and the connecting line between the two edge points passes through the center of the emergent lens.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the first pitch is:
Figure FDA0002359703690000023
wherein p is1Is the diameter of the exit lens of the projector; theta is the maximum included angle, the maximum included angle is the included angle between the light rays which are emitted by the same pixel point in the projector and are refracted by the two edge points of the emergent lens, and the connecting line between the two edge points passes through the center of the emergent lens.
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