CN108828784B - Visual separation element and stereoscopic display device - Google Patents

Visual separation element and stereoscopic display device Download PDF

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CN108828784B
CN108828784B CN201810595571.2A CN201810595571A CN108828784B CN 108828784 B CN108828784 B CN 108828784B CN 201810595571 A CN201810595571 A CN 201810595571A CN 108828784 B CN108828784 B CN 108828784B
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substrate
electrode
electrodes
separating element
layer
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CN108828784A (en
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吴坤
林明彦
张晶
刘德广
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Zhangjiagang Kangdexin Optronics Material Co Ltd
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Zhangjiagang Kangdexin Optronics Material Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1343—Electrodes
    • G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
    • G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
    • G02B30/27—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving lenticular arrays
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/29—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the position or the direction of light beams, i.e. deflection
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
    • G06F3/0412—Digitisers structurally integrated in a display
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
    • G06F3/044—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by capacitive means

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a visual separation element and a stereoscopic display device. The visual separation element comprises a first substrate, a second substrate and an electro-optical material layer, wherein the first substrate and the second substrate are oppositely arranged, and the electro-optical material layer is arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate; a first electrode layer is arranged on the first substrate and comprises a plurality of first electrodes which are arranged at intervals and first openings among the first electrodes; a second electrode layer is arranged on the second substrate and comprises a plurality of second electrodes which are arranged at intervals and second openings among the second electrodes; the first substrate is also provided with a first high-resistance layer, part or all of the first high-resistance layer is positioned in the first opening, and the first high-resistance layer is electrically contacted with the first electrode; an overlapping area exists between the vertical projection of the first opening on the first substrate and the vertical projection of the second opening on the first substrate. The invention solves the problem that the view separating element obstructs the touch signal, and realizes the embedded touch of the three-dimensional display device.

Description

Visual separation element and stereoscopic display device
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of stereoscopic display, in particular to a visual separation element and a stereoscopic display device.
Background
At present, a stereoscopic display device for realizing naked eye stereoscopic display by using a liquid crystal lens mainly utilizes two substrates on two sides of a liquid crystal layer to be respectively provided with a positive electrode and a negative electrode, and applies driving voltages with different magnitudes on the electrodes, so that vertical electric fields with different strengths are formed between the two substrates to drive liquid crystal molecules to be arranged to form a variable focus liquid crystal lens. Therefore, only the voltage distribution on the corresponding electrode needs to be controlled, the refractive index distribution of the liquid crystal lens can be correspondingly changed, and therefore the distribution of emergent light of the pixel is controlled, and naked eye three-dimensional display and 2D/3D switching are achieved.
A common liquid crystal lens includes a plurality of liquid crystal lenticular lens units, each of which includes an upper substrate and a lower substrate facing each other, and an upper electrode and a lower electrode are disposed on the two substrates, respectively. Wherein the upper electrode comprises a plurality of strip-shaped electrodes spaced apart from each other and arranged in parallel, and the lower electrode is disposed over the entire surface of the lower substrate, and liquid crystal is filled between the upper electrode and the lower electrode. When a driving voltage is applied, liquid crystal molecules are driven by different electric fields to correspondingly deflect, so that gradient distribution of refractive index is formed, pixel emergent light deflects after passing through a liquid crystal column lens, and a three-dimensional display effect is formed. However, for the embedded touch stereoscopic display device, the lower electrode disposed on the entire surface of the liquid crystal lens can obstruct the capacitive sensing between the user's finger and the touch electrode, so that the stereoscopic display device cannot achieve the touch function.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a view separating element and a stereoscopic display device, so as to solve the problem that the view separating element blocks a touch signal and achieve embedded touch of the stereoscopic display device.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in one aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a view separation element, including a first substrate and a second substrate that are disposed opposite to each other, and an electro-optical material layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate;
a first electrode layer is arranged on one side of the first substrate facing the second substrate, and comprises a plurality of first electrodes arranged at intervals and first openings among the first electrodes;
a second electrode layer is arranged on one side, facing the first substrate, of the second substrate, and the second electrode layer comprises a plurality of second electrodes which are arranged at intervals and second openings among the second electrodes;
the first substrate is provided with a first high-resistance layer on one side facing the second substrate, part or all of the first high-resistance layer is positioned in the first opening, the first high-resistance layer is electrically contacted with the first electrodes, and the first high-resistance layer is used for forming a continuously gradually-changed driving voltage between two adjacent first electrodes;
an overlapping area exists between the vertical projection of the first opening on the first substrate and the vertical projection of the second opening on the first substrate.
In another aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a stereoscopic display device, including a touch display panel and the view separating element disposed on a light emitting surface of the touch display panel.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the visual separation element provided by the invention, the first electrode layer is arranged into the first electrodes which are arranged at intervals, and the first high-resistance layer which is electrically contacted with the first electrodes is arranged in the first opening between the first electrodes, so that a continuously and gradually changed driving voltage can be formed between the first electrodes when the driving voltage is applied to the first electrodes, and thus the formed electric field which is close to the vertical direction is different along with the position, the change of the refractive index of the electro-optic material layer is further caused, the gradient distribution of the refractive index is formed, the electro-optic material layer has the lens effect, and the three-dimensional display is realized; meanwhile, the second electrode layer is arranged into a plurality of second electrodes which are arranged at intervals, and the vertical projection of the second openings between the second electrodes on the first substrate and the vertical projection of the first openings on the first substrate form an overlapping area, so that an induction capacitor can be formed between a user finger corresponding to the overlapping area and the touch electrode, namely, a touch signal can be detected by a touch function layer in the stereoscopic display device through the view separating element, the problem that the view separating element blocks the touch signal is solved, and the embedded touch of the stereoscopic display device is realized.
Drawings
The above and other features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art by describing in detail exemplary embodiments thereof with reference to the attached drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a conventional liquid crystal lens;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal panel with upper electrodes and lower electrodes arranged at intervals according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a view separating element according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of another cross-sectional configuration of FIG. 4;
FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective view of another view separating element according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of FIG. 7;
FIG. 9 is a schematic perspective view of a view separating element according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic perspective view of a view separating element according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a capacitance model of a touch display panel and a view separation element when a finger touches the display screen according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a view separator element exhibiting a 3D state when the driving voltages on the first electrodes are the same according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of a view separation element appearing in a 3D state when driving voltages on two adjacent first electrodes are different according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by the specific implementation mode in combination with the attached drawings. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings, not all of the structures.
At present, liquid crystal lenses or liquid crystal slit gratings can be adopted to realize naked eye stereoscopic display and 2D/3D switching. FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a conventional liquid crystal lens; fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of fig. 1. Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the liquid crystal lens includes an upper substrate 1 and a lower substrate 2 disposed opposite to each other, on which an upper electrode 10 and a lower electrode 20 are disposed, respectively. Wherein the upper electrode 10 comprises a plurality of stripe-shaped electrodes arranged in parallel at intervals, and the lower electrode 20 is disposed over the entire surface of the lower substrate 2, and the liquid crystal 3 is filled between the upper electrode 10 and the lower electrode 20. Generally, the lower electrode 20 is grounded, when a driving voltage is applied to the upper electrode 10, vertical electric fields with different intensities are formed by the upper electrode 10 and the lower electrode 20 (the dotted arrow in fig. 2 represents the distribution of the electric fields), at this time, liquid crystal molecules at different positions are driven by different electric fields to correspondingly deflect, so that a gradient distribution of refractive indexes is formed, a liquid crystal column lens can be formed between two adjacent upper electrodes 10, and pixel emergent light is deflected after passing through the liquid crystal column lens, so that a stereoscopic display effect is formed.
However, for the in-cell touch stereoscopic display device, that is, the touch functional layer is located in the film layer under the liquid crystal lens, the lower electrode disposed on the entire surface of the liquid crystal lens can block the capacitive induction between the user's finger and the touch electrode, so that the stereoscopic display device cannot realize the touch function. In this regard, as shown in fig. 3, the inventor tried to arrange the lower electrode 20 also as a series of spaced apart and parallel arranged bar-shaped electrodes to increase the area of the opening facing the upper electrode 10 and the lower electrode 20, so that the capacitive sensing between the user's finger and the touch electrode can be transmitted through the liquid crystal lens through the opening facing up and down. However, the inventors found that this structure cannot form an electric field at the opening position and the electric field between the upper electrode 10 and the lower electrode is not completely a vertical electric field, resulting in that the liquid crystal 3 does not have a lens effect, so that a stereoscopic display effect cannot be formed. Based on this, the inventor provides a view separation element and a stereoscopic display device through further research, which solve the problem that the view separation element blocks the touch signal.
Fig. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a view separating element according to an embodiment of the present invention; fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of fig. 4. The visual separation element can be applied to liquid crystal slit gratings and liquid crystal lenses, is suitable for embedded touch three-dimensional display devices, and can realize naked eye three-dimensional display and 2D/3D switching. Referring to fig. 4 and 5, the view separating element includes a first substrate 11 and a second substrate 21 disposed opposite to each other, and an electro-optical material layer 31 disposed between the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 21;
a first electrode layer 12 is arranged on one side of the first substrate 11 facing the second substrate 21, and the first electrode layer 12 comprises a plurality of first electrodes 121 arranged at intervals and first openings 122 between the first electrodes 121;
a second electrode layer 22 is arranged on one side of the second substrate 21 facing the first substrate 11, and the second electrode layer 22 comprises a plurality of second electrodes 221 arranged at intervals and second openings 222 between the second electrodes 221;
the first substrate 11 is further provided with a first high-resistance layer 13 on a side facing the second substrate 21, part or all of the first high-resistance layer 13 is located in the first opening 122, and the first high-resistance layer 13 is in electrical contact with the first electrode 121, wherein the first high-resistance layer 13 is used for forming a continuously-graded driving voltage between two adjacent first electrodes 121;
an overlap area a exists between a perpendicular projection of the first opening 122 on the first substrate 11 and a perpendicular projection of the second opening 222 on the first substrate 11.
In the above view separating element, the material of the electro-optical material layer 31 includes, but is not limited to, liquid crystal, so long as under the action of an applied electric field, the refractive index of the material of the electro-optical material layer 31 can be changed, thereby causing the polarization state and phase of the transmitted light beam to be changed. The shape of the first electrode 121 and the second electrode 221 is not limited, and may be a circular or ring electrode that can form a liquid crystal ball lens, or a stripe electrode that can form a liquid crystal column lens. The sizes of the first opening 122, the second opening 222 and the overlapping area a, and the overlapping amount of the vertical projection of the first electrode 121 on the first substrate 11 and the vertical projection of the second electrode 221 on the first substrate 11 are not limited, as long as the three-dimensional display is realized, and the variation of the sensing capacitance or the sensing capacitance between the finger of the user and the touch electrode in the overlapping area a can reach the detection amount of the touch function layer.
In addition, the material of the first high-resistance layer 13 should be a high-resistivity but non-insulating material, so as to form a continuously graded voltage (including a continuously decreasing/increasing voltage or a continuously increasing and then continuously decreasing voltage) between two adjacent first electrodes 121 through its high impedance, and then the size of the generated near-vertical electric field changes with the position (the dotted arrow in fig. 5 represents the distribution of the electric field), so that the gradient distribution of the refractive index of the electro-optical material layer is formed, and the lens effect is achieved. In this embodiment, part or all of the first high-resistance layer 13 is located in the first opening 122, for example, as shown in fig. 5, part of the first high-resistance layer 13 is located in the first opening 122, and the first high-resistance layer 13 overlaps with the first electrode 121; alternatively, the overlapping portion of the first high-resistance layer 13 and the first electrode 121 is located on a side of the first electrode 121 close to the first substrate 11 or a side of the first electrode 121 far from the first substrate 11, that is, the first electrode 121 may be formed on the first substrate 11 through the first high-resistance layer 13, or the first electrode 121 may be directly formed on the first substrate 11. For another example, as shown in fig. 6, the whole of the first high resistance layer 13 is located in the first opening 122, and at this time, the first high resistance layer 13 fills the first opening 122 and maintains good electrical contact with the first electrode 121.
In the view separating element provided by this embodiment, the first electrode layer is provided with a plurality of first electrodes arranged at intervals, and the first high-resistance layer electrically contacted with the first electrodes is arranged in the first opening between the first electrodes, so that a continuously gradually changing driving voltage can be formed between the first electrodes when a driving voltage is applied to the first electrodes, and thus a formed electric field close to a vertical direction is different along with the position, and further the change of the refractive index of the electro-optical material layer is caused, a gradient distribution of the refractive index is formed, so that the electro-optical material layer has a lens effect, and a three-dimensional display is realized; meanwhile, the second electrode layer is arranged into a plurality of second electrodes which are arranged at intervals, and the vertical projection of the second openings between the second electrodes on the first substrate and the vertical projection of the first openings on the first substrate form an overlapping area, so that an induction capacitor can be formed between a user finger corresponding to the overlapping area and the touch electrode, namely, a touch signal can be detected by a touch function layer in the stereoscopic display device through the view separating element, the problem that the view separating element blocks the touch signal is solved, and the embedded touch of the stereoscopic display device is realized.
Optionally, a ratio of an area of the overlapping region to an area of the first electrode layer is greater than 90%. Therefore, the blocking of the first electrode and the second electrode to the touch signal can be greatly reduced, the induction capacitance of the visual separation element is increased, the touch signal is detected under the condition that the touch precision is not improved, and the design difficulty caused by the improvement of the touch precision is avoided.
In the embodiment of the invention, besides the first high-resistance layer arranged on the first substrate, a second high-resistance layer can be arranged on the second substrate to enhance the lens effect. FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective view of another view separating element according to an embodiment of the present invention; fig. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of fig. 7. Referring to fig. 7 and 8, a second high resistance layer 23 is further disposed on a side of the second substrate 21 facing the first substrate 11, and similarly, part or all of the second high resistance layer 23 is located in the second opening 222, and the second high resistance layer 23 is electrically contacted with the second electrode 221, optionally, the second electrode 221 is grounded to form a full-area electrode structure, but the second high resistance layer 23 located in the second opening 222 does not block an induced capacitance between a user's finger and the touch electrode. At this time, the electric field is transmitted from the first substrate 11 to the second substrate 21, that is, a vertical electric field is formed between the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 21, so that the refractive index of the electro-optical material layer 31 is changed more uniformly, the focusing effect of the formed lens is better, and the stereoscopic display effect is further enhanced.
In the above embodiment, the sheet resistance of the first high-resistance layer and the second high-resistance layer is in the range of 107～1013Ohm. The material of the first high resistance layer and the second high resistance layer can be at least one of niobium pentoxide, indium gallium zinc oxide and indium-doped zinc oxide. The thickness of the electro-optic material layer may be 3 to 100 μm, preferably 10 to 40 μm. The first substrate and the second substrate may be glass substrates; the thickness of the first substrate and the second substrate may be 0.1 to 2mm, preferably 0.15 to 0.5 mm. Illustratively, experimental data show that when the material of the first high-resistance layer and the second high-resistance layer is niobium pentoxide, the first substrate and the second substrate are glass substrates and have a thickness of 0.5mm, the thickness of the electro-optic material layer is 28 μm, the ratio of the area of the overlapping region to the area of the first electrode layer reaches 99.8%, and the range of the detectable induction capacitance of the touch functional layer is 4-6 pF, the view separating element can be powered on or powered offThe good touch function is realized, namely, the touch function is not influenced by normal plane display (no driving voltage is applied when the power is off) and three-dimensional display (driving voltage is applied when the power is on). It should be noted that, as the detectable sensing capacitance of the touch functional layer decreases, that is, as the detection sensitivity of the touch functional layer increases, the ratio of the area of the overlapping region to the area of the first electrode layer may be set to a smaller percentage, so as to achieve a good touch function.
Optionally, the first electrode and the second electrode are strip-shaped electrodes, a long side of the first electrode is parallel to the first direction, a long side of the second electrode is parallel to the second direction, and the first direction and the second direction are parallel or intersected. In the present embodiment, the first electrode is configured as a stripe electrode, so that a cylindrical lens can be formed. Illustratively, with continued reference to fig. 7, the long sides of the first electrodes 12 are parallel to the first direction X, and the long sides of the second electrodes 22 are parallel to the second direction Y, in which case the first direction X and the second direction Y are parallel, i.e., the first electrodes 12 and the second electrodes 22 are parallel. In addition, referring to fig. 9, the long sides of the first electrodes 12 are parallel to the first direction X, and the long sides of the second electrodes 22 are parallel to the second direction Y, in which case the first direction X and the second direction Y are perpendicular, that is, the first electrodes 12 and the second electrodes 22 are perpendicular. It should be noted that, in this embodiment, an included angle between the first direction X and the second direction Y may be any angle, that is, the long side of the first electrode 12 and the long side of the second electrode 22 may be disposed along any direction, as long as it is ensured that an overlapping area of a vertical projection of the second opening on the first substrate and a vertical projection of the first opening on the first substrate is large enough, and the touch functional layer can detect the touch signal. Preferably, the first direction X and the second direction Y are parallel to each other, so as to increase an overlapping area of a perpendicular projection of the second opening on the first substrate and a perpendicular projection of the first opening on the first substrate. Optionally, the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 22 are the same size.
In the above embodiments, optionally, the number of the second electrodes is greater than or equal to the number of the first electrodes. The number of the first electrodes can be determined according to the transverse width of the cylindrical lens and the size of the first opening, and the number and distribution of the second electrodes are enough to enable the second electrodes and the whole-surface electrodes formed by the second high-resistance layer to enable the grounding signals to be uniformly distributed. Generally, the number of the second electrodes is set to be greater than or equal to the number of the first electrodes. The number of the second electrodes may be smaller than the number of the first electrodes. For example, fig. 10 is a schematic perspective view of a view separating element according to another embodiment of the present invention; fig. 11 is a capacitance model of the touch display panel and the view separation element when a finger touches the display screen according to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 10 and 11, the number of the second electrodes 22 is greater than the number of the first electrodes 12, if in the case of stereoscopic display, when the finger touches the display screen, the change amount of the capacitance detected by the touch function layer in the touch display panel 100 satisfies the following formula:
Figure BDA0001692057840000091
where Δ C is the change in capacitance, C is the base capacitance when no finger is touching, C is the change in capacitance1Is the capacitance between the finger and the first electrode 121, C2Is the capacitance between the first electrode 121 and the second electrode 221, C3Is the capacitance between the second electrode 221 and the touch function layer (touch electrode), C4Capacitance between finger and touch function layer (touch electrode), C5Is the capacitance between the finger and the second electrode 221.
As can be seen from the above formula in conjunction with FIG. 11, Δ C and C1、C4And C5Is related and mainly depends on C4Therefore, by increasing the overlapping area of the perpendicular projection of the second opening on the first substrate and the perpendicular projection of the first opening on the first substrate, C can be increased4And further improve the touch detection effect of the touch functional layer.
In the above-described aspect, regardless of whether the number of the second electrodes is greater than or equal to the number of the first electrodes, a vertical projection of any one of the first electrodes on the first substrate overlaps a vertical projection of the corresponding second electrode on the first substrate. Therefore, the whole occupied area of the first electrode and the second electrode can be reduced, and the overlapping area of the vertical projection of the second opening on the first substrate and the vertical projection of the first opening on the first substrate is increased.
Optionally, the first electrode and the second electrode are uniformly arranged, so that the voltage is changed or distributed more uniformly, a plurality of cylindrical lenses with the same size are arranged in parallel and uniformly, and the stereoscopic display effect is improved. Optionally, the first electrode and the second electrode are transparent electrodes to improve transmittance of emergent light, so as to improve display brightness.
Optionally, the driving voltages on the first electrodes are the same; or the driving voltages on two adjacent first electrodes are different and the magnitudes of the driving voltages are periodically distributed along the arrangement direction of the first electrodes. For example, fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of the view separation element showing a 3D state when the driving voltages on the first electrodes are the same, as shown in fig. 12, the driving voltages on the first electrodes 121 are the same, that is, the driving voltages on any two adjacent first electrodes 121 are u1, at this time, the refractive index of the portion of the electro-optical material layer located corresponding to the first electrode 121 is the smallest, and the refractive index of the portion of the electro-optical material layer located between two adjacent first electrodes 121 is the largest, so that the refractive index formed by the electro-optical material layer between two adjacent first electrodes 121 continuously increases and then continuously decreases (the refractive index distribution is shown as a refractive index curve n), and then a cylindrical lens is formed between any two adjacent first electrodes 121 and the region between any two adjacent first electrodes 121. In this embodiment, the electro-optic material layer has a refractive index n of ordinary raysoAnd extraordinary refractive index neWherein n ise＞noThe difference between the maximum refractive index and the minimum refractive index of the thus formed cylindrical lens is less than or equal to ne-noThe above-mentioned refractive index difference of the cylindrical lens can be changed by adjusting the magnitude of the driving voltage applied to the first electrode 121, and the refractive index difference of the cylindrical lens affects the focal length of the cylindrical lens, so that the focal length of the cylindrical lens can be changed by adjusting the magnitude of the driving voltage applied to the first electrode 121, so that a user can view a clear stereoscopic picture at different distances from the display screen. In the present embodiment, when a driving voltage is applied to the first electrode 121, the focal length of the lenticular lens can be measured by incident parallel light. As shown in FIG. 12, the incident light is parallel flatThe surface light and the emergent light are spherical light and are converged to one point, so that the focal length of the cylindrical lens can be measured.
In addition, the driving voltages on two adjacent first electrodes are different, and the magnitudes of the driving voltages are periodically distributed along the arrangement direction of the first electrodes. Optionally, voltages of two or more consecutive adjacent first electrodes are different, and along the arrangement direction of the first electrodes, two driving voltages with different magnitudes may be alternately distributed, or multiple driving voltages with different magnitudes may be first decreased and then increased and are symmetrically distributed in each period. For example, fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of the view separation element appearing in a 3D state when the driving voltages on two adjacent first electrodes are different, as shown in fig. 13, the driving voltages include a first driving voltage u1 and a second driving voltage u2, and u1 > u2, at this time, the refractive index of the portion of the electro-optical material layer located on the first electrode 121 corresponding to the first driving voltage u1 is minimum, and the refractive index of the portion of the electro-optical material layer located on the first electrode 121 corresponding to the second driving voltage u2 is maximum, so that the refractive index of the electro-optical material layer formed between the illustrated three consecutive first electrodes 121 continuously increases and then continuously decreases (the refractive index distribution is shown by a refractive index curve n'), and then a cylindrical lens is formed between the illustrated three consecutive first electrodes 121 and the region therebetween. Accordingly, the lateral width of the cylindrical lens may be changed by applying at least two different magnitudes of driving voltages to the first electrode 121. Similarly, by adjusting the driving voltage on each first electrode 121, the focal length of the cylindrical lens can be changed to meet the requirement of the user to view a clear stereoscopic picture at different distances.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a stereoscopic display device. Referring to fig. 11, the stereoscopic display device includes a touch display panel 100 and a view separating element disposed on a light emitting surface of the touch display panel according to embodiments of the present invention.
The touch display panel 100 includes a touch functional layer, which may be attached to the upper surface of the touch display panel 100, may be disposed inside the touch display panel 100, may be a separate touch panel, or may be formed by multiplexing film layers (such as a common electrode layer) of the touch display panel 100.
The stereoscopic display device provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the visual separation element provided by the embodiment of the invention, and has corresponding functions and beneficial effects.
It is to be noted that the foregoing is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious modifications, rearrangements, combinations and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (17)

1. A visual separation element is characterized by comprising a first substrate, a second substrate and an electro-optical material layer, wherein the first substrate and the second substrate are arranged oppositely, and the electro-optical material layer is arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate;
a first electrode layer is arranged on one side of the first substrate facing the second substrate, and comprises a plurality of first electrodes arranged at intervals and first openings among the first electrodes;
a second electrode layer is arranged on one side, facing the first substrate, of the second substrate, and comprises a plurality of second electrodes which are arranged at intervals and second openings among the second electrodes;
a first high-resistance layer is further arranged on one side, facing the second substrate, of the first substrate, part or all of the first high-resistance layer is located in the first opening, the first high-resistance layer is in electrical contact with the first electrodes, and the first high-resistance layer is used for forming a continuously-gradually-changed driving voltage between every two adjacent first electrodes;
an overlapping region exists between the vertical projection of the first opening on the first substrate and the vertical projection of the second opening on the first substrate;
the material of the first high-resistance layer is a non-insulating material with high resistivity.
2. A view separating element according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the area of the overlap region to the area of the first electrode layer is greater than 90%.
3. The view separating element according to claim 1, wherein a side of the second substrate facing the first substrate is further provided with a second high resistance layer, part or all of which is located in the second opening and which is in electrical contact with the second electrode, wherein the second electrode is grounded.
4. The view separating element of claim 3, wherein the sheet resistance of the first high-resistance layer and the second high-resistance layer is in the range of 107～1013Ohm.
5. The view separating element according to claim 1, wherein the first electrode and the second electrode are strip-shaped electrodes, the long side of the first electrode is parallel to a first direction, the long side of the second electrode is parallel to a second direction, and the first direction and the second direction are parallel or intersect.
6. The view separating element according to claim 5, wherein the number of the second electrodes is greater than or equal to the number of the first electrodes.
7. The view separating element according to claim 6, wherein a perpendicular projection of any one of the first electrodes on the first substrate overlaps a perpendicular projection of the corresponding second electrode on the first substrate.
8. The view separating element of claim 5, wherein the driving voltage on each of said first electrodes is the same; or the driving voltages on two adjacent first electrodes are different and the magnitudes of the driving voltages are periodically distributed along the arrangement direction of the first electrodes.
9. The view separating element of claim 5, wherein the first electrode and the second electrode are uniformly arranged.
10. The view separating element of claim 1, wherein the first electrode and the second electrode are transparent electrodes.
11. The view separating element of claim 3, wherein the material of the first and second high resistance layers is at least one of niobium pentoxide, indium gallium zinc oxide, and indium doped zinc oxide.
12. The view separating element of claim 1, wherein the material of the electro-optic material layer is liquid crystal.
13. The view separating element according to claim 12, wherein the electro-optical material layer has a thickness of 10 to 40 μm.
14. The view separating element of claim 1, wherein the first high resistance layer overlaps the first electrode;
the part of the first high-resistance layer, which is overlapped with the first electrode, is positioned on one side of the first electrode, which is close to the first substrate, or on one side of the first electrode, which is far away from the first substrate.
15. The view separating element of claim 1, wherein the first substrate and the second substrate are glass substrates.
16. The view separating element of claim 15, wherein the first and second substrates have a thickness of 0.15 to 0.5 mm.
17. A stereoscopic display device comprising a touch display panel and the view separating element as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 16 disposed on a light-emitting surface of the touch display panel.
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