CN108827348A - A kind of cross junction type wriggles fancy eddy current sensor and its coil winding method - Google Patents
A kind of cross junction type wriggles fancy eddy current sensor and its coil winding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108827348A CN108827348A CN201810407075.XA CN201810407075A CN108827348A CN 108827348 A CN108827348 A CN 108827348A CN 201810407075 A CN201810407075 A CN 201810407075A CN 108827348 A CN108827348 A CN 108827348A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
- G01D5/14—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
- H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
- H01F41/04—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing coils
- H01F41/041—Printed circuit coils
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F5/00—Coils
- H01F5/003—Printed circuit coils
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Abstract
A kind of cross junction type wriggles fancy eddy current sensor and its coil winding method, the coil group including printed circuit board and printing on a printed circuit；Coil group includes：Around the excitation coil for being made as " ten " font, each protrusion of " ten " font includes the sinuous broken line that unit forms that wriggled by least one；In four groups of detection coils of four protrusion difference coilings of " ten " font, in the gap at least one unit that wriggles that one group of detection coil is wound on a protrusion.The present invention can more conveniently, non-contactly detect stress and strain in the various metal components under plane stress state in the case where a sensor is used only.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of nondestructive testing, are related to a kind of for detecting the plane stress shape of known principal direction of stress
Orthogonal two principal stresses and the sinuous fancy eddy current sensor of the cross junction type of principal strain in metal structure under state.
Background technique
Most mechanical structures are made by metal material, and the stress state of these metal structures is effectively detected
Significance is all had for understanding its service state and assessing its remaining life.
Currently used for detection metal structure in stress state common method have strain gauge method, x-ray method, supercritical ultrasonics technology and
Magnetic survey method etc..In these methods, strain gauge method needs contact type measurement；X-ray method equipment is expensive, has radiation risk, only
Suitable for laboratory testing；Supercritical ultrasonics technology needs couplant；Magnetic survey method is only applicable to the detection of ferrimagnet.
Eddy current detection method have many advantages, such as it is easy to operate, low in cost, do not need couplant and can non-cpntact measurement,
More application has been obtained in terms of the stress of detection metal structure.In the elastic range of material, the strain of metal structure with answer
Power is linear, and therefore, eddy current detection method can be used for the strain of detection metal structure.
Existing eddy stress detection research is limited only to the detection of pure stress and strain, and lacking can answer in known master
Stress and the eddy current sensor of strain in the metal structure under plane stress state are detected when power direction.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide one kind can detect under plane stress state in the case where known principal direction of stress
Metal structure in stress and the eddy current sensor of strain.
The present invention uses following technical scheme：
A kind of cross junction type for detecting stress and strain wriggles fancy eddy current sensor, including printed circuit board and is printed on
Coil group on printed circuit board；
The coil group includes：
Around the excitation coil for being made as " ten " font, each protrusion of " ten " font includes unit group of being wriggled by least one
At sinuous broken line；
In four groups of detection coils of four protrusion difference coilings of " ten " font, one group of detection coil is wound on a protrusion
In the gap of at least one unit that wriggles.
Further, in each protrusion, the detection coil distance of coiling in the unit that wriggles forms leading for the unit that wriggles
The distance of line meets：In the case of energization, detection coil is able to detect that form the vortex change information that the conducting wire of protrusion inspires.
Further, multiple to wriggle when the sinuous broken line of described one protrusion of " ten " font includes at least two sinuous unit
Yan unit is connected in series.
Further, each edge of the sinuous broken line is straightway, and adjacent both sides angle is 90 °.
Further, the detection coil being wound in the sinuous cell gap of each of sinuous broken line is non-closed rectangle,
Non-closed rectangle at least two sinuous cell gaps of each sinuous broken line can be connected in series.
Further, every group of detection coil includes at least one detection coil, and each detection coil is at least wound on
In the gap of one sinuous unit of sinuous broken line, the detection coil in two opposite protrusions of " ten " font structure can connect
Connection.
Further, it is all provided with that seated position is corresponding, the identical triangle of shape at least two plate layers of the printed circuit board
Excitation coil, the excitation coil on different plate layers are connected in series；
It is all provided with that seated position is corresponding, the identical detection coil of shape at least two plate layers of the printed circuit board, different plate layers
On detection coil be connected in series；
The excitation coil and detection coil are on identical plate layer or on different plate layers；When being located on identical layer,
Detection coil is non-intersecting with excitation coil.
A kind of coil winding method of eddy current sensor：
Winding method including excitation coil is y-axis by x-axis, vertical edge of the horizontal edge of cross-shaped configuration, the excitation coil around
Method processed includes：
From starting point S1, after passing by distance D along negative direction of the y-axis, 90 degree is bent to positive direction of the x-axis, is wriggled along positive direction of the x-axis coiling
Yan broken line, after the completion of coiling, along negative direction of the y-axis coiling wriggle broken line, after the completion of coiling, along negative direction of the x-axis coiling wriggle broken line,
After the completion of coiling, along the sinuous broken line of positive direction of the y-axis coiling, forming tool, there are four the cross excitation coils of protrusion.
Further, the method for winding of the sinuous broken line is：
S1：Along after front direction passes by distance D, the right direction in direction of marching forward bends 90 degree and the distance Dd1 that passes by；The D is
The element length of sinuous unit；Dd1 is the width I of sinuous unit；
S2：Again after 90-degree bent, edge and contrary direction cabling D, and the left side side in direction of marching forward again current in S1
To 90 degree of bending, and the distance Dd2 that passes by again；Dd2 is the width II of sinuous unit, completes the cabling of a sinuous unit；
S5：Multiple sinuous units connect to form sinuous broken line.
The width I and width II of the same sinuous unit of excitation coil are same or different.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：The present invention can detect under plane stress state in the case where known principal direction of stress
Metal structure in two orthogonal principal stresses and principal strain, pure stress can only be detected by breaching existing eddy current sensor
And the defect of strain.Using sensor of the invention, in the case where a sensor is used only can more conveniently, it is non-
Contiguously detect the stress in the various metal components under plane stress state and strain.The present invention advantageously reduces eddy-current method inspection
The complexity of test macro when survey ess-strain is conducive to the accuracy for improving ess-strain testing result.In addition, of the invention
Excitation coil and four detection coils symmetrically arrange, installation positioning it is very convenient.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structure chart of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the coiling schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Invention is further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
The present invention provides a kind of sinuous fancy eddy current sensor of the cross junction type for detecting stress and strain, which passes
Sensor includes the coil group on printed circuit board and printed circuit board.Planar printed circuit board may be selected in printed circuit board, can also
To select flexible printed circuit board.
Coil group includes excitation coil and detection coil, and alternating current is accessed in excitation coil, can be in measured structure
Induce vortex.
Specifically, coil group includes：
Using conducting wire around the excitation coil for being made as " ten " font, there are four protrusions for " ten " font tool, and each protrusion includes wriggling
Broken line, the broken curve that wriggles are made of at least one unit that wriggles, and the sinuous broken line of a protrusion includes at least two sinuous single
When first, multiple sinuous units are connected in series；Conducting wire around the excitation coil for being made as " ten " font includes at least one.Wriggle broken line
Each edge be straightway, and adjacent both sides angle is 90 °.
The sinuous broken line of four protrusions of excitation coil uses multiple sinuous concatenated forms of unit, can be improved sensor
Sensitivity, the number for the unit that wriggles sets according to different situations and different measurement request；And it also needs according to actual needs really
Fixed adjacent the distance between two sinuous units in the same direction.
It further include detection coil, detection coil distinguishes coiling in four protrusions of " ten " font, and detection coil is by least one
Conducting wire coiling is formed, and the detection coil of each protrusion can be one, or and it is multiple, and a detection coil is wound on one
In the gap of the sinuous unit of at least one of a protrusion, that is, at least one detection of coiling can be distinguished in the sinuous unit for the broken line that wriggles
Coil.
Being wound on the detection coil that each of sinuous broken line wriggles in cell gap is non-closed rectangle, and each wriggle broken line
At least two sinuous cell gaps in non-closed rectangle can be connected in series or different detection coils is separately connected outside
Detection device.
At least two detection coils in two protrusions of the same trend of " ten " font structure can be connected in series, to increase
The output signal of large sensor.
In each protrusion, the sinuous spacing of the sinuous unit of detection coil should be less than the sinuous spacing of the excitation coil,
To guarantee that the sinuous unit of detection coil can be arranged in the fold-back gap of the sinuous unit of excitation coil.Wriggle unit in around
The distance that the detection coil distance of system forms the conducting wire of the unit that wriggles meets：In the case of energization, detection coil is able to detect that
Form the vortex change information that the sinuous curve of protrusion inspires.
It is influenced due to being vortexed by stress in metal structure, when " ten " word direction and quilt of eddy current sensor of the invention
When the principal direction of stress of survey object is consistent, excitation coil divides in the vortex that the horizontal line region of " ten " word and vertical line region are motivated
The other principal stress to two lateral and vertical vertical direction changes.And the impedance of the detection coil of cross each protrusion or
Output signal reflects the stress information on specific direction.The impedance variations or output signal of detection coil are analyzed, i.e.,
It can detect that two orthogonal principal stresses and principal strain in metal structure.
When necessary, settable position is corresponding on the two of printed circuit board multiple plate layers, identical " ten " font of shape swashs
Coil is encouraged, the excitation coil on different plate layers is connected in series, and can be improved the vortex density in unit area of detection, to improve
The sensitivity of stress mornitoring.Position correspondence, shape phase on multiple plate layers of same circuit board can also be used in detection coil
Same detection coil, and the form that the detection coil on different plate layers is connected in series.
Detection coil and excitation coil are preferably located on the different layers of same circuit board, should be true when being located on identical layer
It protects detection coil and excitation coil is non-intersecting.
As an implementation, as shown in Figure 1, the present invention is provided by the present invention using double-layer printing circuit board production
Eddy current sensor, wherein excitation coil is located at the upper layer of circuit board, and detection coil is located at the lower layer of circuit board.
Heavy line indicates excitation coil, up and down tetrameric sinuous folding of the excitation coil around cross junction type as shown in figure 1
Line is connected in series by two sinuous units, and pumping signal is inputted by two heavy line pads of the top.
Fine line indicates detection coil, 4 detection coils in figure, wherein detection coil 1 and detection coil 3 are divided as shown in figure 1
Not Wei Yu excitation coil stauros following above and vertical sinuous fold-back gap in, for detecting vertical master along figure
Stress and principal strain, detection coil 2 and detection coil 4 are located at the lateral of the right side and left side of excitation coil stauros and wriggle
In Yan fold-back gap, for detecting principal stress and principal strain lateral along figure.Each detection coil is by two rectangular elements
It is connected in series, to increase the output signal of sensor.
When carrying out stress-strain test with the sensor, the surface to be measured that sensor can be fixed on to test specimen is attached
Closely, and ensure that the vertical and horizontal direction of " ten " word of sensor is consistent with the principal direction of stress of test specimen, and sensor plane is put down with to be measured
Lift-off between face is equal everywhere.
After accessing alternating current into excitation coil, vortex caused by the excitation coil of lateral part is to horizontal in figure in figure
Stress variation to direction is sensitive, and vortex caused by the excitation coil of vertical section is quick to the stress variation of vertical direction in figure
Sense.Each detection coil picks up the vortex change information to corresponding position, with the variation of detection coil impedance or the amplitude of output signal
Reflect that the stress and strain on respective sensitive direction changes with the form of the variation of phase, can be realized and principal stress and master are answered
The measurement of change.
In order to increase the output signal of sensor, coil 1 can be will test by the lead on pad and detection coil 3 is gone here and there
Connection gets up, and will test coil 2 and detection coil 4 is together in series.
The present invention also provides a kind of winding methods of eddy current sensor coil.
Including（1）Cabling is to suitable position since first pad（Referred to as starting point）；（2）From starting point along " ten " word
A line start from outside to inside calculate track lengths, until length be D millimeters when（D is referred to as length of wriggling, according to application
It needs to be determined that）, 90 degree are bent to the left or to the right；（3）The form bent with 90 degree, complete with the knot heart of stauros be
The heart is the sinuous trace portions of sinuous length with D millimeters, until stauros will be closed using the vertical and horizontal stroke of " ten " word as skeleton
When stop, wherein two adjacent length be D millimeter back and forth wriggle broken line between spacing be W millimeters（Between referred to as wriggling
Away from, it needs determines according to actual conditions,）；（4）From current location cabling to second pad.
For convenience of description, set using the horizontal edge of T-type as x-axis, vertical edge is y-axis.
As shown in Fig. 2, when the winding method of the excitation coil in one layer of coiling can be described as：
From starting point S1, after passing by distance D along negative direction of the y-axis, 90 degree is bent to positive direction of the x-axis, is wriggled along positive direction of the x-axis coiling
Yan broken line, after the completion of coiling, along negative direction of the y-axis coiling wriggle broken line, after the completion of coiling, along negative direction of the x-axis coiling wriggle broken line,
After the completion of coiling, along the sinuous broken line of positive direction of the y-axis coiling, until reaching terminal S2, forming tool, there are four the cross of protrusion to swash
Encourage coil.
And the method for winding of above-mentioned sinuous broken line is：
S1：Edge is after front direction passes by distance D, to the right direction in direction of marching forward（I.e. next sinuous broken line direction）
90 degree and the distance Dd1 that passes by of bending；The D is the element length of sinuous unit；Dd1 is the width I of sinuous unit；
S2：Again after 90-degree bent, edge and contrary direction cabling D, and the left side side in direction of marching forward again current in S1
To（I.e. next sinuous broken line direction）90 degree, and the distance Dd2 that passes by are bent again；Dd2 is the width II of sinuous unit,
Complete the cabling of a sinuous unit；
S5：Multiple sinuous units connect to form sinuous broken line.
For example, winding method includes by taking the sinuous broken line of positive direction of the x-axis in Fig. 2 as an example：
After distance D pass by along positive direction of the x-axis, 90 degree and the distance Dd1 that passes by are bent to negative direction of the y-axis；It is curved to negative direction of the y-axis again
After 90 ° of folding, along negative direction of the x-axis cabling D again, and bend 90 degree again to next sinuous broken line direction, and pass by away from
From Dd2, the cabling of a sinuous unit is completed；Two sinuous units connect to form the broken line that wriggles.Dd1 or Dd2 are generally small
In 1/10th of D.
The width I and width II of the same sinuous unit of excitation coil are same or different.
Each detection coil, using and the excitation coil each section of sinuous broken line it is similar by the way of cabling, can be used
Several the non-closed concatenated shapes of rectangle being distributed in the adjacent fold-back gap of excitation coil made of being wriggled as a conducting wire
Formula；If only one unit that wriggles of excitation coil, also only one is non-closed with two leads for each detection coil
Rectangle.If excitation coil has multiple sinuous units, can from the gap location inside cabling to sinuous unit outside sinuous unit,
After one non-closed rectangle of gap coiling, direct coiling to terminal, either with it is non-in another or several sinuous units
Terminal is arrived further around system after closed rectangular series connection.
The present invention can detect in the metal structure under plane stress state two in the case where known principal direction of stress
Orthogonal principal stress and principal strain, the defect of pure stress and strain can only be detected by breaching existing eddy current sensor.It adopts
With sensor of the invention, in the case where a sensor is used only can more conveniently, non-contactly detect plane
Stress in various metal components and strain under stress state.And in existing research, for the principal stress for detecting both direction
And principal strain, then need the eddy current sensor using 2 or more, it is difficult to ensure that between multiple sensors and measured structure lift-off one
Cause property.Therefore, the present invention advantageously reduce eddy-current method detection ess-strain when test macro complexity, be conducive to improve answer
The accuracy of stress-strain testing result.In addition, excitation coil of the invention and four detection coils are symmetrically arranged, installation positioning is equal
It is very convenient.
What has been described above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for those skilled in the art,
Without depart from that overall concept of the invention, several changes and improvements can also be made, these also should be considered as of the invention
Protection scope.
Claims (10)
- The fancy eddy current sensor 1. a kind of cross junction type wriggles, it is characterised in that：Including printed circuit board and it is printed on printing electricity Coil group on the plate of road；The coil group includes：Around the excitation coil for being made as " ten " font, each protrusion of " ten " font includes unit group of being wriggled by least one At sinuous broken line；In four groups of detection coils of four protrusion difference coilings of " ten " font, one group of detection coil is wound on a protrusion at least In the gap of one sinuous unit.
- The fancy eddy current sensor 2. a kind of cross junction type according to claim 1 wriggles, it is characterised in that：In each protrusion, the distance that the detection coil distance of coiling in the unit that wriggles forms the conducting wire of the unit that wriggles is full Foot：In the case of energization, detection coil is able to detect that form the vortex change information that the conducting wire of protrusion inspires.
- The fancy eddy current sensor 3. a kind of cross junction type according to claim 1 wriggles, it is characterised in that：When the sinuous broken line of described one protrusion of " ten " font includes at least two sinuous unit, multiple sinuous unit series connection connect It connects.
- The fancy eddy current sensor 4. a kind of cross junction type according to claim 1 wriggles, it is characterised in that：The each edge of the sinuous broken line is straightway, and adjacent both sides angle is 90 °.
- The fancy eddy current sensor 5. a kind of cross junction type according to claim 4 wriggles, it is characterised in that：Described to be wound on the detection coil that each of sinuous broken line wriggles in cell gap as non-closed rectangle, each wriggle broken line At least two sinuous cell gaps in non-closed rectangle can be connected in series.
- The fancy eddy current sensor 6. a kind of cross junction type according to claim 1 wriggles, it is characterised in that：Every group of detection coil includes at least one detection coil, and each detection coil is at least wound on the one of sinuous broken line In the gap of a sinuous unit, the detection coil in two opposite protrusions of " ten " font structure can be connected in series.
- The fancy eddy current sensor 7. a kind of cross junction type according to claim 1 wriggles, it is characterised in that：It is all provided with that seated position is corresponding, the identical triangle excitation coil of shape at least two plate layers of the printed circuit board, no It is connected in series with the excitation coil on plate layer；It is all provided with that seated position is corresponding, the identical detection coil of shape at least two plate layers of the printed circuit board, different plate layers On detection coil be connected in series；The excitation coil and detection coil are on identical plate layer or on different plate layers；When being located on identical layer, Detection coil is non-intersecting with excitation coil.
- 8. a kind of coil winding method of the described in any item eddy current sensors of claim 1 ~ 7, it is characterised in that：Winding method including excitation coil is y-axis by x-axis, vertical edge of the horizontal edge of cross-shaped configuration, the excitation coil around Method processed includes：From starting point S1, after passing by distance D along negative direction of the y-axis, 90 degree is bent to positive direction of the x-axis, is wriggled along positive direction of the x-axis coiling Yan broken line, after the completion of coiling, along negative direction of the y-axis coiling wriggle broken line, after the completion of coiling, along negative direction of the x-axis coiling wriggle broken line, After the completion of coiling, along the sinuous broken line of positive direction of the y-axis coiling, forming tool, there are four the cross excitation coils of protrusion.
- 9. according to the method described in claim 8, it is characterized in that：The method for winding of the sinuous broken line is：S1：Along after front direction passes by distance D, the right direction in direction of marching forward bends 90 degree and the distance Dd1 that passes by；The D is The element length of sinuous unit；Dd1 is the width I of sinuous unit；S2：Again after 90-degree bent, edge and contrary direction cabling D, and the left side side in direction of marching forward again current in S1 To 90 degree of bending, and the distance Dd2 that passes by again；Dd2 is the width II of sinuous unit, completes the cabling of a sinuous unit；S5：Multiple sinuous units connect to form sinuous broken line.
- 10. according to the method described in claim 8, it is characterized in that：The width I and width II of the same sinuous unit of excitation coil are same or different.
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