CN108825440B

CN108825440B - Direct-drive wind generating set

Info

Publication number: CN108825440B
Application number: CN201810639107.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 武铁成; 位士安
Original assignee: Beijing Goldwind Science and Creation Windpower Equipment Co Ltd
Current assignee: Beijing Goldwind Science and Creation Windpower Equipment Co Ltd
Priority date: 2018-06-20
Filing date: 2018-06-20
Publication date: 2020-01-31
Anticipated expiration: 2038-06-20
Also published as: CN108825440A

Abstract

The disclosed direct drive wind power generation set includes a generator including a rotor and a stator, the rotor being coupled with and receiving torque from a rotating shaft, the rotor and the stator having overlapping regions forming an air gap, respectively, an anti-tilt stopper being provided in at least of both side edges of the overlapping region of the rotor or at least of both side edges of the overlapping region of the stator.

Description

Direct-drive wind generating set

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a wind power generation technology, and more particularly, to a technology for ensuring an air gap between a rotor and a stator of a generator.

Background

The wind generating set is new energy equipment for generating electricity by utilizing wind energy. Wind generating sets can be divided into two major categories, namely direct-drive wind generating sets without a speed-increasing transmission system and double-fed wind generating sets with a speed-increasing transmission system.

The existing direct-drive wind generating set comprises a tower, a cabin arranged at the top of the tower and a generator positioned in the cabin. The torque generated by the wind applied to the blades is input to the shaft, which rotates the rotor of the generator, thereby generating electrical energy through the electromagnetic interaction between the rotor and the stator.

For generators, control of the air gap (the gap between the generator stator and the rotor) is important. The non-uniform air gap between the stator and the rotor results in an unbalanced magnetic pull force between the two. Even under the condition that the surfaces of the stator and the rotor are extremely regular, the unbalance magnetic pulling force can be generated by the eccentricity of the motor rotor caused by the deformation of the shafting in the actual unit. When the air gap of the generator is too small, the air gap is close to 0, and the danger of burning the generator is caused.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide direct-drive wind generating sets to prevent an air gap of a generator from being too small, and further prevent the generator from being burnt.

According to aspect of the invention, there is provided direct drive wind power plant including a generator including a rotor and a stator, the rotor being coupled with and receiving torque from a rotating shaft, the rotor and the stator each having an overlapping area forming an air gap, anti-tilt stops being provided in at least of two side edges of the overlapping area of the rotor or at least of two side edges of the overlapping area of the stator.

Alternatively, anti-tilt stoppers may be provided at least of both side edge portions of the overlapping area of the rotor and at least of both side edge portions of the overlapping area of the stator, respectively.

Alternatively, the anti-tilt stoppers provided on the rotor and the stator may correspond to each other.

Alternatively, anti-tilt stoppers may be provided at both side edge portions of the overlapping region of the stators.

Alternatively, the rotor may be disposed outside the stator, and the anti-tilt stopper may extend obliquely toward a radially outer side from a side edge portion of the overlapping region of the stator.

Alternatively, anti-tilt stoppers are provided at both side edge portions of the overlapping area of the rotors.

Optionally, an anti-tilt stop is provided on the stator core of the stator.

Optionally, an anti-tilt stop is provided on the rotor yoke of the rotor.

Optionally, the anti-tilt stop is a wear resistant shock absorbing material.

Alternatively, the anti-tilt stoppers are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the rotor or the stator, or are provided continuously in the circumferential direction of the rotor or the stator.

Optionally, the rotating shaft is connected to the fixed shaft by a plain bearing.

Optionally, the sliding bearing comprises an upwind thrust bearing bush, a downwind thrust bearing bush and a radial bearing bush, which are respectively mounted on the mounting surface of the rotating shaft or the fixed shaft.

Optionally, an adjusting gasket is respectively arranged between the upwind thrust bearing bush, the downwind thrust bearing bush and the radial bearing bush and the mounting surface.

Alternatively, the rotary shaft and the rotor are connected by a flexible connecting member having a rigidity smaller than those of the rotary shaft and the rotor.

Optionally, the flexible connecting member is an annular member having a T-shaped cross-section.

Alternatively, the front end of the rotor is connected to the rotating shaft through a flexible connecting member, and the rear end of the rotor is connected to the fixed shaft through a rolling bearing or a sliding bearing.

According to the invention, when the rotor tilts, the anti-tilting stop block can prevent steps of tilting of the rotor, prevent the air gap between the rotor and the stator from being smaller than a preset value, and further prevent the rotor and the stator from being burnt out by contact.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a sectional view showing a structure of a direct drive wind turbine generator set according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram for explaining the problem solved by the present invention;

fig. 3A to 3D show a modification of the anti-tilt stopper;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a direct drive wind park according to an embodiment of the invention when a spacer is added;

fig. 5 is a schematic view of a direct drive wind park according to an embodiment of the invention, when a flexible connection member is employed.

Description of reference numerals:

11 is rotor, 12 is stator, 13 is anti-tilt block, 14 is overlapping area, 3 is rotation axis, 4 is fixed axis, 51 is upwind thrust bearing bush, 52 is downwind thrust bearing bush, 53 is radial bearing bush, 54 is adjusting pad, 6 is flexible connecting component, G is air gap.

Detailed Description

Hereinafter, a direct drive wind turbine generator set according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1, the direct drive wind turbine generator includes a generator including a rotor 11 and a stator 12, the rotor 11 being coupled with a rotating shaft 3 and receiving a torque from the rotating shaft 3, the rotor 11 and the stator 12 having overlapping regions 14 forming an air gap G, respectively, and anti-tilt stoppers 13 being provided on at least of both side edge portions of the overlapping region 14 on the rotor 11 or at least of both side edge portions of the overlapping region 14 on the stator 12.

If the anti-tilt stopper 13 is not provided, as shown in fig. 2, when the rotor 11 is tilted due to deflection of the rotating shaft 3 or the like, the air gap G between the rotor 11 and the stator 12 is reduced, even causing the rotor 11 and the stator 12 to come into contact (see a region B of fig. 2). As can be seen from fig. 1, if the anti-tilt stopper 13 is provided, if the rotor 11 is tilted clockwise, the anti-tilt stopper 13 provided on the rear side (right side in fig. 1) of the stator 12 prevents the rotor 11 from being tilted too much, that is, the rotor 11 cannot be tilted further after abutting against the anti-tilt stopper 13, thereby preventing the air gap G between the rotor 11 and the stator 12 from being smaller than a predetermined value, and preventing the rotor 11 and the stator 12 from being burnt out by contact.

The anti-tilt stopper 13 may be provided only on the stator 12 side, or the anti-tilt stopper 13 may be provided only on the rotor 11 side, or the anti-tilt stopper 13 may be provided on both the stator 12 and the rotor 11 sides. When the anti-tilt stopper 13 is provided on both the stator 12 and the rotor 11, the anti-tilt stopper 13 provided on the stator 12 and the rotor 11 may be made to correspond to each other, but this is not essential.

As shown in fig. 1, when the rotor 11 is located outside the stator 12, the anti-tilt stopper 13 may be provided at the front edge portion and the rear edge portion of the overlapping region 14 of the stator 12, however, the anti-tilt stopper 13 may be provided only at the front edge portion or the rear edge portion, and it is obviously better when the anti-tilt stopper 13 is provided at both the front edge portion and the rear edge portion, taking the anti-tilt stopper 13 at side as an example, the anti-tilt stopper 13 may be provided in plural numbers at intervals along the circumferential direction of the stator 12, or the anti-tilt stopper 13 may be provided as a ring-shaped and arc-shaped member that continues along the circumferential direction of the stator 12.

If the anti-tilt stopper 13 is provided only on the rotor 11 side when the rotor 11 is on the outside and the stator 12 is on the inside, the anti-tilt stopper 13 may be provided only on at least of the front side edge portion and the rear side edge portion of the overlapping region 14, and the effect thereof is as described in the preceding paragraph, and the anti-tilt stopper 13 may be disposed in the manner described in the preceding paragraph.

For example, the anti-tilt stopper 13 may be provided on the rotor 11 at the rear side edge portion of the overlap region 14, or vice versa, for example, when the anti-tilt stopper 13 is provided on the stator 12 only at of the front side edge portion and the rear side edge portion of the overlap region 14, the anti-tilt stopper 13 may be provided on the rotor 11 at the front side edge portion and the rear side edge portion of the overlap region 14, or conversely, for example, when the anti-tilt stopper 13 is provided on the stator 12 only at of the front side edge portion and the rear side edge portion of the overlap region 14, the anti-tilt stopper 13 may be provided on the rotor 11 at the front side edge portion and the rear side edge portion of the overlap region 14, or vice versa, for example, the anti-tilt stopper 13 on the stator 12 and the rotor 11 on the same side as may be insertably disposed, and the anti-tilt stopper 13 on the rotor 11 and the anti-tilt stopper 13 on the stator 12 may be alternately disposed in the circumferential direction, depending on the arrangement of the stator 12 and the outer side and the inner side of the stator 12.

Obviously, the arrangement described above can also be used with the rotor 11 inside and the stator 12 outside.

The rotor 11 and the stator 12 are prevented from contacting, mainly the windings of the two are prevented from contacting. For this reason, when the anti-tilt stopper 13 is provided on the stator 12, the anti-tilt stopper 13 may be provided on the stator core of the stator 12. When the anti-tilt stopper 13 is provided on the rotor 11, the anti-tilt stopper 13 may be provided on a rotor yoke of the rotor 11.

The shape of the anti-tilt stopper 13 is not limited to the shape extending outward in the radial direction shown in fig. 1, and may protrude from the stator 12 or the rotor 11. Hereinafter, several modifications of the anti-tilt stopper 13 will be described with reference to fig. 3A to 3D.

As shown in fig. 3A, an anti-tilt stopper 131 in the form of a hook may be provided on the stator 12.

As shown in fig. 3B, a laterally extending stopper may be provided on the stator 12, and a downwardly extending stopper may be provided on the rotor 11, thereby constituting an anti-tilt stopper 132.

As shown in fig. 3C, the anti-tilt stopper 133 may be a coating layer that coats an edge portion of the stator 12.

As shown in fig. 3D, the anti-tilt stopper 134 may be a bump protruding from the stator 12 toward the rotor 11.

The shape and configuration of the anti-tilt stops 13 are not limited to the foregoing, and the specific dimensions of the anti-tilt stops 13 may be determined based on actual fault conditions and simulation conditions in short, the anti-tilt stops 13 should be located in the path of the rotor 11 as it deflects, and will block the rotor 11 from tilting further .

The anti-tilt stopper 13 is preferably made of a wear-resistant and shock-absorbing material such as rubber.

The anti-tilt stopper 13 may be formed integrally with the rotor 11 or the stator 12 , or may be separately manufactured and then attached to the rotor 11 or the stator 12.

The rotating shaft 3 of the embodiment of the present invention may be connected to the fixed shaft 4 by a sliding bearing. The sliding bearing is mainly applied to high-speed and precision machinery and machinery with low speed, heavy load and larger impact load. The technical characteristics of the sliding bearing are very suitable for being applied to the main bearing of the wind generating set. And the well-designed sliding bearing has long service life, and can break through the limitation of the common rolling bearing on the service life of the wind generating set. However, the conventional sliding bearing is insufficient in the air gap control because of the following reasons:

(1) the sliding bearing itself requires clearance and an oil film, so that changes in the thickness of the oil film during operation also cause changes in the air gap.

(2) The sliding bearing has a radial play and an axial play, which cause a deflection of the spindle 3 under different loads, as shown in fig. 2. The deflection of the shaft 3 can cause a considerable variation of the air gap and even a risk of contact between the rotor 11 and the stator 12.

However, according to the embodiment of the present invention, when the shaft 3 is tilted due to the play of the sliding bearing, the anti-tilt stopper 13 prevents the rotor 11 from being excessively tilted to maintain the air gap of the generator within the range of .

Preferably, the sliding bearing may include an upwind thrust bearing bush 51, a downwind thrust bearing bush 52 and a radial bearing bush 53, the upwind thrust bearing bush 51, the downwind thrust bearing bush 52 and the radial bearing bush 53 may be mounted on a mounting surface of the rotating shaft 3 or the fixed shaft 4, the upwind thrust bearing bush 51, the downwind thrust bearing bush 52 and the radial bearing bush 53 may be formed as long as two working surfaces for bearing an axial load and working surfaces for bearing a radial load are formed, a plurality of upwind thrust bearing bushes 51, downwind thrust bearing bushes 52 and radial bearing bushes 53 may be arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction, and preferably, each bearing bush corresponds to cages, the cages are fixed on the rotating shaft 3 or the fixed shaft 4 by bolts, and the bearing bushes are mounted on the corresponding cages.

As shown in fig. 4, in order to reduce the influence of the sliding bearing play and also to control the size of the play, adjustment shims 54 may be provided between the upwind thrust bearing 51, the downwind thrust bearing 52, and the radial bearing 53, respectively, and the mounting surface. Adjusting the shim 54 can control the amount of play. The shims 54 are of varying grade and thickness to control the extent and accuracy of the play. The adjusting shim 54 has a high rigidity and is not easily deformed when subjected to an external force, and the original thickness and accuracy can be maintained.

The adjusting shim 54 may be connected to the rotating shaft 3 or the fixed shaft 4 by the aforementioned holder.

In the above, the structure formed by the rotating shaft 3 and the rotor 11 is taken as an example, but not limited to this, the rotating shaft 3 and the rotor 11 can be fixed after being manufactured separately, and as shown in fig. 5, in order to eliminate the transmission effect of the play, the rotating shaft 3 and the rotor 11 of the generator can be connected by the flexible connecting member 6, the rigidity of the flexible connecting member 6 is smaller than that of the rotating shaft 3 and the rotor 11, that is, the flexibility is relatively, the flexible connecting member 6 is still a rigid member, but the rigidity is slightly smaller than the surrounding rigidity, thereby the influence of the sliding bearing play and the vibration influence of the rotating shaft can be reduced, the change of the sliding bearing play is transmitted to the rotor 11 of the generator through the rotating shaft 3, thereby the generator air gap is influenced, therefore, the transmission of the load can be reduced by giving flexibility to the transmission path, the influence of the sliding bearing play can be reduced, and the change of the load on the sliding.

As shown in fig. 5, for the convenience of installation, the flexible connecting member 6 may be a ring-shaped member having a T-shaped section and installed between the rotary shaft 3 and the rotor 11 by bolts. But its specific structure is not limited thereto.

The front end of the rotor 11 may be connected to the rotating shaft 3 by a flexible connecting member 6, and the rear end may be connected to the fixed shaft 4 by a rolling bearing or a sliding bearing to further reduce the influence of the play .

The shaft and hub may be formed of pieces, i.e., the shaft and hub blend into pieces and the blades are mounted directly to the shaft.

The fixed shaft 4 may be fixed to the nacelle bedplate for transferring loads to the tower. The stator 12 is fixed relative to the fixed shaft 4 and can be directly connected to the fixed shaft 4. The connection structure of the stator 12 and the fixed shaft 4 is omitted in the drawings.

Regarding the relative relationship between the rotating shaft 3 and the fixed shaft 4, the rotating shaft 3 can extend into the fixed shaft 4, so that a sliding bearing serving as a main bearing can be accessed from the inside of the fixed shaft 4, the replacement of the bearing on a tower is realized, and the maintenance cost is saved.

According to the embodiment of the invention, when the rotor tilts, the anti-tilting stop block can prevent the rotor from tilting excessively, prevent an air gap between the rotor and a stator from being smaller than a preset value, and further prevent the rotor and the stator from being burnt out in a contact mode, particularly for a fan using a sliding bearing as a main shaft bearing, the generator rotor and the stator can be effectively prevented from being burnt out in a contact mode, step, the size of a clearance can be controlled through installing an adjusting gasket, and the adverse effect of the sliding bearing clearance on the air gap is reduced, step, the adverse effect of the sliding bearing clearance on the air gap can be reduced through arranging a flexible connecting member between a rotating shaft and a generator rotor.

Although exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it would be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes may be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention. It should be understood that such modifications and variations would still fall within the scope of the present invention, as defined in the claims, as determined by those skilled in the art.

Claims

A direct drive wind park, characterized in that it comprises a generator comprising a rotor (11) and a stator (12), the rotor (11) being joined with a shaft (3) and receiving torque from the shaft (3), the rotor (11) and the stator (12) each having an overlapping area (14) forming an air gap, an anti-tilt stop (13) being provided in at least of the two side edges of the overlapping area (14) of the rotor (11) or in at least of the two side edges of the overlapping area (14) of the stator (12);

the rotating shaft (3) and the rotor (11) are connected through a flexible connecting member (6), and the rigidity of the flexible connecting member (6) is smaller than that of the rotating shaft (3) and the rotor (11);

the rotating shaft (3) is connected to the fixed shaft (4) through a sliding bearing, the sliding bearing comprises an upwind thrust bearing bush (51), a downwind thrust bearing bush (52) and a radial bearing bush (53), the upwind thrust bearing bush, the downwind thrust bearing bush and the radial bearing bush (53) are respectively installed on the installation surface of the rotating shaft (3) or the fixed shaft (4), and adjusting gaskets (54) are respectively arranged between the upwind thrust bearing bush (51), the downwind thrust bearing bush (52) and the radial bearing bush (53) and the installation surface;

the front end of the rotor (11) is connected to the rotating shaft (3) through the flexible connecting member (6), and the rear end of the rotor (11) is connected to the fixed shaft (4) through a rolling bearing or a sliding bearing.
2. Direct drive wind park according to claim 1, wherein the anti-tilt stop (13) is provided in at least of the two side edges of the coinciding area (14) of the rotor (11) and in at least of the two side edges of the coinciding area (14) of the stator (12), respectively.
3. The direct drive wind park according to claim 2, wherein the anti-tilt stops (13) provided on the rotor (11) and the stator (12) correspond to each other.
4. Direct drive wind park according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the anti-tilt stops (13) are provided at the two side edge portions of the coinciding area (14) of the stator (12).
5. The direct drive wind park according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the rotor (11) is arranged outside the stator (12), the anti-tilt stop (13) extending obliquely radially outwards from the side edge of the coinciding zone (14) of the stator (12).
6. Direct drive wind park according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the anti-tilt stops (13) are provided at the two side edge portions of the coinciding area (14) of the rotor (11).
7. The direct drive wind park according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the anti-tilt stop (13) is provided on a stator core of the stator (12).
8. The direct drive wind park according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the anti-tilt stop (13) is provided on a rotor yoke of the rotor (11).
9. The direct drive wind power plant according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the anti-tilt stop (13) is made of wear-resistant and shock-absorbing material.
10. The direct drive wind park according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the anti-tilt stops (13) are arranged spaced apart in the circumferential direction of the rotor (11) or the stator (12) or are arranged continuously in the circumferential direction of the rotor (11) or the stator (12).
11. The direct drive wind power plant according to claim 1, wherein the flexible connection member (6) is a ring-shaped member having a T-shaped cross-section.