CN108825182B - Mechanical intelligent well underground decoding device and method - Google Patents
Mechanical intelligent well underground decoding device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108825182B CN108825182B CN201810642553.5A CN201810642553A CN108825182B CN 108825182 B CN108825182 B CN 108825182B CN 201810642553 A CN201810642553 A CN 201810642553A CN 108825182 B CN108825182 B CN 108825182B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/12—Methods or apparatus for controlling the flow of the obtained fluid to or in wells
- E21B43/121—Lifting well fluids
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B34/00—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells
- E21B34/06—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells
- E21B34/14—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells operated by movement of tools, e.g. sleeve valves operated by pistons or wire line tools
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/14—Obtaining from a multiple-zone well
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B44/00—Automatic control systems specially adapted for drilling operations, i.e. self-operating systems which function to carry out or modify a drilling operation without intervention of a human operator, e.g. computer-controlled drilling systems; Systems specially adapted for monitoring a plurality of drilling variables or conditions
- E21B44/005—Below-ground automatic control systems
Abstract
The invention relates to a mechanical intelligent well underground decoding device and a method, wherein the mechanical intelligent well underground decoding device comprises a decoding module, the decoding module comprises a decoding shell, two parallel clapboards are arranged in the decoding shell, and three containing cavities are formed between the two clapboards and between the clapboards and the wall surface of the decoding shell; the three plungers are respectively arranged in an accommodating cavity; a first left pressure cavity is arranged between the left end part of the first plunger and the left end part of the containing cavity and is communicated with a first control pipeline, a first right pressure cavity is arranged between the right end part of the first plunger and the right end part of the containing cavity, and a first spring is arranged in the first right pressure cavity; similarly, a second left pressure cavity and a second right pressure cavity are arranged in the accommodating cavity of the second plunger, the second left pressure cavity is communicated with a second control pipeline, and a second spring is arranged in the second right pressure cavity; and a third left pressure cavity and a third right pressure cavity are formed in the accommodating cavity of the third plunger, the third left pressure cavity is communicated with a third control pipeline, and a third spring is arranged in the third right pressure cavity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of oil and gas well drilling and completion and oil and gas exploitation, in particular to a mechanical intelligent well downhole decoding device and method applied to a horizontal selective switch in intelligent well completion.
Background
The intelligent underground production control is mainly characterized in that an underground sliding sleeve is driven through a ground hydraulic system, the opening degree of the sliding sleeve is adjusted, the size of an underground oil-gas production flow passage is adjusted, and the production control of an oil-gas well is realized. The intelligent well completion has the advantages of mixed production and combined production of multi-layer wells and multi-branch wells, timely production adjustment is realized, production is optimized, and the recovery ratio is improved. For multi-layer wells, the correct selection of horizons is required to control the flow rate of the selected horizons downhole. The underground electronic method is simple in underground position determination, but electronic components are greatly influenced by underground temperature and pressure, the reliability is relatively low, underground instruments are selected and matched in the simplest and most reliable intelligent well system, and the current selective switch of the underground position is usually completed by adopting a hydraulic control technology.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a mechanical intelligent downhole decoding device and method, which can realize downhole flow control of a target layer.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a mechanical type intelligence is decoding device in pit which characterized in that: the device comprises a decoding module and a conducting module; the decoding module is connected with the conduction module through a liquid path; the decoding module comprises a decoding shell, a first plunger, a second plunger, a third plunger, a first spring, a second spring, a third spring, a first control pipeline, a second control pipeline and a third control pipeline; two parallel clapboards are arranged in the decoding shell, and three containing cavities are formed between the two clapboards and between the clapboards and the wall surface of the decoding shell; the first plunger, the second plunger and the third plunger are respectively arranged in one accommodating cavity, and the first plunger is positioned between the second plunger and the third plunger; a first left pressure cavity is arranged in the containing cavity of the first plunger, a first left pressure cavity is arranged between the left end part of the first plunger and the left end part of the containing cavity, the first left pressure cavity is communicated with the first control pipeline, a first right pressure cavity is arranged between the right end part of the first plunger and the right end part of the containing cavity, and the first spring is arranged in the first right pressure cavity; similarly, a second left pressure chamber and a second right pressure chamber are arranged in the accommodating chamber of the second plunger, the second left pressure chamber is communicated with the second control pipeline, and the second spring is arranged in the second right pressure chamber; and the accommodating cavity of the third plunger is provided with a third left pressure cavity and a third right pressure cavity, the third left pressure cavity is communicated with the third control pipeline, and the third right pressure cavity is internally provided with the third spring.
Furthermore, two first variable cross-section grooves are formed in the first plunger close to the left end of the first plunger; a second variable cross-section groove is formed in the second plunger and is positioned between the two first variable cross-section grooves; and a third variable cross-section groove is formed in the third plunger and corresponds to the first variable cross-section groove far away from the left end of the first plunger.
Furthermore, a first through hole for accommodating a first lock ball is formed in the partition plate located between the first plunger and the second plunger, and the first through hole is arranged corresponding to the second variable cross-section groove; and a second through hole for accommodating a second lock ball is formed in the partition plate between the first plunger and the third plunger, and the second through hole is arranged corresponding to the third variable cross-section groove.
Furthermore, a first oil through hole is formed in the left end of the cavity of the first plunger, and a second oil through hole is formed in the right end of the cavity; the first oil through hole is connected with the conduction module through a liquid path, and the second oil through hole is connected with the second control pipeline through a hydraulic oil pipe.
Furthermore, a third oil through hole is formed in the left end of the cavity of the second plunger, and the third oil through hole is connected with the conduction module through a liquid path.
Further, the conduction module comprises a conduction shell, an upper plunger, a lower plunger, a first liquid path, a second liquid path, an upper plunger spring and a lower plunger spring; a partition plate is arranged in the conduction shell and divides the conduction shell into two conduction cavities, and the upper plunger and the lower plunger are respectively arranged in one conduction cavity; a hole communicated with the first liquid path is formed in the left end of the conduction cavity of the upper plunger, one end of the first liquid path is connected with the hole, the other end of the first liquid path is connected with the first oil through hole, and the right end of the conduction cavity of the upper plunger is provided with the upper plunger spring; the left end of the switching cavity of the lower plunger is provided with a hole communicated with the second liquid path, one end of the second liquid path is connected with the hole, the other end of the second liquid path is connected with the third oil hole, and the right end of the switching cavity of the lower plunger is provided with the lower plunger spring.
Further, an upper oil inlet and an upper oil outlet are arranged on the upper wall surface of the conduction shell, the upper oil inlet and the upper oil outlet are both communicated with the conduction cavity of the upper plunger, and the upper oil inlet is connected with the second oil through hole; and a lower oil inlet and a lower oil outlet are arranged on the lower wall surface of the conduction shell, the lower oil inlet and the lower oil outlet are both communicated with the conduction cavity of the lower plunger, and the lower oil inlet is connected with the first oil through hole.
Furthermore, an upper plunger groove is formed in the middle of the upper plunger, and a lower plunger groove is formed in the middle of the lower plunger; the upper plunger piston groove and the lower plunger piston groove are correspondingly arranged and have the same length.
Further, the distance between the upper oil inlet and the upper oil outlet is smaller than the axial length of the upper plunger groove, and the distance between the lower oil inlet and the lower oil outlet is smaller than the axial length of the lower plunger groove.
A mechanical intelligent well downhole decoding method based on the device is characterized by comprising the following steps: 1) when no pressure signal is applied to the three control pipelines, the three plungers are positioned at the left end of the decoding module under the action of the three springs, and the three control pipelines are not conducted; 2) when the third control line applies a pressure signal, hydraulic oil enters the third left pressure chamber; when the pressure in the left pressure cavity of the third plunger is not enough to overcome the thrust of the third spring at the right end, the second ball locking seat is arranged in a space formed by the third plunger, the first plunger and the second through hole, and the third plunger is kept at the left end; when the pressure in the third left pressure chamber is enough to overcome the pushing force of the third spring, the pressure of the hydraulic oil entering the third control pipeline pushes the third plunger to move to the right; until the third plunger moves to the rightmost end of the decoding module, the second locking ball enters a space where the first plunger and the second through hole are located, the first plunger is locked by the second locking ball, and the first plunger cannot move rightwards; likewise, application of a pressure signal on the second control line will not cause the second plunger to move to the right; 3) if the second control line applies a pressure signal, then the second left pressure chamber of the second plunger has a pressure control signal; however, a cavity formed by the first through hole and the second variable cross-section groove on the second plunger is internally provided with a first locking ball, so that the decoding module body formed by the first plunger and the third plunger is locked with the second plunger to prevent the second plunger from moving; meanwhile, a second control pipeline is connected with a cavity at the right end of the first plunger through a second oil through hole, so that the right end of the first plunger also has the action of a pressure signal and pushes the first plunger to the left end together with the first spring; maintaining pressure in the second control line, the pressure in the first control line being insufficient to force the first plunger to the right; 4) if the first control line is pressurized, then the first left pressure chamber of the first plunger has a pressure control signal; under the action of pressure, the first plunger overcomes the thrust of a first spring at the right end to move towards the right end and covers a second oil through hole of a right cavity of the first plunger connected with a second control pipeline, so that hydraulic oil in the second control pipeline can not enter the right cavity of the first plunger any more; when the first plunger piston moves rightwards, a second locking ball between the third plunger piston and the first plunger piston is pressed into a space where the third plunger piston and the second through hole are located, and the third plunger piston is locked; simultaneously, the first plunger moves to the rightmost end to expose the first oil through hole, and the first variable cross-section groove at the leftmost end on the first plunger, the second variable cross-section groove on the second plunger and the first through hole are aligned to allow the second plunger to move rightmost; maintaining a pressure signal of the first control pipeline, applying a pressure signal on the second control pipeline, increasing the pressure in the left pressure cavity of the second plunger, pushing the second piston to move rightwards, pressing the first lock ball into a space formed by the second plunger and the first through hole, and exposing the third oil through hole; hydraulic oil of the second control pipeline and the hydraulic oil of the first control pipeline respectively enter the conduction module through the third oil through hole and the first oil through hole; 5) if only the second liquid path connected with the second oil through hole is fed with oil, the lower oil inlet is fed with oil at the same time; at the lower part of the conduction module, under the action of hydraulic pressure, the lower plunger overcomes the acting force of a lower plunger spring to push the lower plunger to move to the rightmost end, the lower plunger groove moves to the middle of the lower oil inlet and the lower oil outlet, a channel between the lower oil inlet and the lower oil outlet is opened, and hydraulic oil is allowed to flow from the lower oil inlet to the lower oil outlet; however, the oil path of the first control pipeline is not opened, the hydraulic oil of the first control pipeline cannot flow into the lower oil inlet and the lower oil outlet, and similarly, if only the first liquid path connected with the first oil through hole is filled with the oil, the hydraulic oil of the second control pipeline cannot flow into the upper oil inlet and the upper oil outlet; 6) when the oil paths of the first control pipeline and the second control pipeline are opened and the first liquid path and the second liquid path have the pressure signal effect at the same time, the upper plunger and the lower plunger of the conduction module are pushed to the right end, a hydraulic oil channel from the lower oil inlet to the lower oil outlet and from the upper oil inlet to the upper oil outlet is opened, and the pressure signal enters the next stage.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following advantages: 1. the invention adopts 3 liquid paths to realize underground decoding and controls hydraulic power to enter an underground oil-gas layer, thereby realizing the underground flow control of a target layer. 2. When the pressure signal is applied to the third control pipeline, the first control pipeline and the second control pipeline are locked, the pressure signal applied to the first control pipeline and the second control pipeline does not work any more, and the pressure signal is not transmitted downwards any more. When the second control line applies a pressure signal, the channels of the first control line and the third control line are locked. And only when the first control pipeline applies the pressure signal and keeps the pressure signal, and then the second control pipeline applies the pressure signal and keeps the pressure signal, the pressure signals of the first control pipeline and the second control pipeline are simultaneously conducted and are communicated to the next control module, namely the current hydrocarbon reservoir control module, so that the current hydrocarbon reservoir, such as the 1 st hydrocarbon reservoir, is opened. Thus, a specific pressure sequence signal is applied to the pressure line to open a designated hydrocarbon reservoir in the well, thereby realizing the function of decoding in the well. Other pressure signals were used: the decoding module body, the first plunger, the lower plunger spring, the first oil through hole and the upper plunger spring respectively open different oil-gas layers in the well.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a decoding module of the decoding device in the well of the intelligent well;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of the third control line applied pressure signal;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of the action of the second control line in applying a pressure signal;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of the action of the first control line in applying a pressure signal;
FIG. 5 is an operational diagram of a first control line applying a pressure signal hold and applying a pressure signal on a second control line;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a smart well downhole decoding device conducting module;
FIG. 7 is an operational diagram of only the second control line applying a pressure signal;
fig. 8 is a diagram of the simultaneous application of pressure signals by the first control and second control pressure lines.
Detailed Description
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "left", "right", "upper", "lower", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and examples.
The invention provides a mechanical intelligent underground decoding device which comprises a decoding module and a conducting module. The decoding module is connected with the conduction module through a liquid path.
In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 1-4, the decode module includes a decode housing, a first plunger 1, a second plunger 2, a third plunger 3, a first spring 5, a second spring 7, a third spring 9, a first control line L1, a second control line L2, and a third control line L3; hydraulic oil is communicated through the first control line L1, the second control line L2, and the third control line L3.
Two parallel clapboards are arranged in the decoding shell, and three containing cavities are formed between the two clapboards and between the clapboards and the wall surface of the decoding shell. First plunger 1, second plunger 2 and third plunger 3 set up respectively in one and hold the intracavity, and first plunger 1 is located between second plunger 2 and the third plunger 3. In the accommodating chamber of the first plunger 1, a first left pressure chamber 4 is arranged between the left end part of the first plunger 1 and the left end part of the accommodating chamber, and the first left pressure chamber 4 is communicated with a first control pipeline L1; a first right pressure cavity is arranged between the right end part of the first plunger 1 and the right end part of the containing cavity, and a first spring 5 is arranged in the first right pressure cavity. A second left pressure chamber 6 is arranged in the accommodating cavity of the second plunger 2 and between the left end part of the second plunger 2 and the left end part of the accommodating cavity, and the second left pressure chamber 6 is communicated with a second control pipeline L2; a second right pressure cavity is arranged between the right end part of the second plunger 2 and the right end part of the containing cavity, and a second spring 7 is arranged in the second right pressure cavity. In the accommodating cavity of the third plunger 3, a third left pressure cavity 8 is arranged between the left end part of the third plunger 3 and the left end part of the accommodating cavity, and the third left pressure cavity 8 is communicated with a third control pipeline L3; and a third right pressure cavity is arranged between the right end part of the third plunger 3 and the right end part of the containing cavity, and a third spring 9 is arranged in the third right pressure cavity.
In the above embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, two first variable cross-section grooves 10 are provided on the first plunger 1 near the left end of the first plunger 1; a second variable cross-section groove 11 is formed in the second plunger 2, and the second variable cross-section groove 11 is located between the two first variable cross-section grooves 10 in the first plunger 1; a third variable cross-section groove 12 is arranged on the third plunger 3, and the third variable cross-section groove 12 is arranged corresponding to the first variable cross-section groove 10 far away from the left end on the first plunger 1.
In the above embodiments, as shown in fig. 2, the partition plate between the first plunger 1 and the second plunger 2 is provided with the first through hole 14 for accommodating the first locking ball 13, and the first through hole 14 is provided corresponding to the second variable cross-section groove 11 on the second plunger 2, and at this time, the second plunger 2 is located at the left end portion. A second through hole 16 for accommodating the second locking ball 15 is arranged on the partition plate between the first plunger 1 and the third plunger 3, the second through hole 16 is arranged corresponding to the third variable cross-section groove 12 on the third plunger 3, and the third plunger 3 is positioned at the left end part at this time. Wherein the first locking ball 13 and the second locking ball 15 are used to lock the position of the plunger.
In the above embodiments, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the first oil passage hole 17 is provided at the left end in the cavity of the first plunger 1, and the second oil passage hole 18 is provided at the right end in the cavity; the first oil through hole 17 is connected to the conduction module through a liquid path, and the second oil through hole 18 is connected to the second control line L2 through a hydraulic oil pipe. The left end of the cavity in the second plunger 2 is provided with a third oil through hole 19, and the third oil through hole 19 is connected with the conduction module through a liquid path.
In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 5 to 8, the lead-through module includes a lead-through housing, an upper plunger 20, a lower plunger 21, a first fluid path 22, a second fluid path 24, an upper plunger spring 23, and a lower plunger spring 25.
A partition board is arranged in the conduction shell and divides the conduction shell into two conduction cavities, and the upper plunger 20 and the lower plunger 21 are respectively arranged in one conduction cavity. A hole communicated with the first liquid path 22 is formed in the left end of the communicating cavity of the upper plunger 20, one end of the first liquid path 22 is connected with the hole, and the other end of the first liquid path 22 is connected with the first oil through hole 17 in the decoding module; the right end of the conducting cavity is provided with an upper plunger spring 23. An upper oil inlet 26 and an upper oil outlet 27 are arranged on the upper wall surface of the conduction shell, and the upper oil inlet 26 and the upper oil outlet 27 are both communicated with the conduction cavity of the upper plunger 20; the upper oil inlet 26 is connected with the third oil through hole 19 in the decoding module. A hole communicated with the second liquid path 24 is formed in the left end of the conducting cavity of the lower plunger 21, one end of the second liquid path 24 is connected with the hole, and the other end of the second liquid path is connected with a third oil passing hole 19 in the decoding module; the right end of the conducting cavity is provided with a lower plunger spring 25. A lower oil inlet 28 and a lower oil outlet 29 are arranged on the lower wall surface of the conduction shell, and the lower oil inlet 28 and the lower oil outlet 29 are both communicated with the conduction cavity of the lower plunger 21; the lower oil inlet 28 is connected with the first oil through hole 17 in the decoding module.
In the above embodiment, the upper plunger 20 is provided with the upper plunger groove 30 at the middle portion thereof, and the lower plunger 21 is provided with the lower plunger groove 31 at the middle portion thereof. The upper plunger groove 30 and the lower plunger groove 31 are correspondingly arranged and have the same length.
In the above embodiments, the upper oil inlet 26 and the lower oil inlet 28 are correspondingly arranged, and the upper oil outlet 27 and the lower oil outlet 29 are correspondingly arranged. The distance between the upper oil inlet 26 and the upper oil outlet 27 is smaller than the axial length of the upper plunger groove 30, and the distance between the lower oil inlet 28 and the lower oil outlet 29 is smaller than the axial length of the lower plunger groove 31.
In summary, in the device of the present invention, when in use, the hydraulic oil from the first control line L1, the second control line L2 and the third control line L3 enters the first left pressure chamber 4, the second left pressure chamber 6 and the third left pressure chamber 8, respectively, and can push the first plunger 1, the second plunger 2 and the third plunger 3 to the right, and the first spring 5, the second spring 7 and the third spring 9 at the right end of the plungers push the plungers to the left end of the decoding module, respectively. The upper plunger 20 and the lower plunger 21 are pushed to the right end by the upper plunger spring 23 and the lower plunger spring 25. The conduction module can only conduct when the first fluid path 22 and the second fluid path 24 have the pressure signal simultaneously, so that the hydraulic oil enters the next stage, such as a downhole sliding sleeve.
As shown in fig. 1 to 8, based on the above device, the present invention further provides a mechanical intelligent downhole decoding method, which includes the following steps:
1) initial position: as shown in fig. 1, when no pressure signal is applied to any of the first control line L1, the second control line L2, and the third control line L3, the first plunger 1, the second plunger 2, and the third plunger 3 are all located at the left end of the decoding module by the first spring 5, the second spring 7, and the third spring 9, and none of the first control line L1, the second control line L2, and the third control line L3 are conductive.
2) As shown in fig. 1, when the third control line L3 applies a pressure signal, hydraulic oil enters the third left pressure chamber 8. When the pressure in the left pressure chamber 4 of the third plunger is small and is not enough to overcome the pushing force of the third spring 9 at the right end, the second lock ball 15 is seated in the space formed by the third plunger 3, the first plunger 1 and the second through hole 16, and the third plunger 3 is held at the left end. When the pressure in the third left pressure chamber 8 is sufficiently large and sufficient to overcome the urging force of the third spring 9, the pressure of the hydraulic oil entering the third control line L3 urges the third plunger 3 to start moving rightward. At this time, if the second locking ball 15 is seated in the third variable cross-section groove 12 of the third plunger 3, as the third plunger 3 moves rightward, the slope of the third variable cross-section groove 12 lifts the second locking ball 15, pushes the second locking ball 15 upward, enters the space between the first plunger 1 and the second through-hole 16, and allows the third plunger 3 to move further rightward. Until the third plunger 3 moves to the rightmost end of the decoding module, the second lock ball 15 is fully jacked up and enters the space between the first plunger 1 and the second through hole 16, the space is just sized to accommodate the second lock ball 15, and the first plunger 1 is locked by the second lock ball 15. At this time, as shown in fig. 2, even if a pressure signal is applied to the first control line L1, the first plunger 1 cannot move rightward as long as the first plunger 1 cannot shear the second lock ball 15 due to the second lock ball 15. Likewise, the application of a pressure signal on the second control line L2 does not cause the second plunger 2 to move rightward. I.e. after applying a pressure signal on the third control line L3, the pressure signals on the first control line L1 and the second control line L2 are prevented from entering the pass-through module through the decoding module.
3) As shown in fig. 3, if the second control line L2 applies a pressure signal, the second left pressure chamber 6 of the second plunger 2 has a pressure control signal at this time. Under the action of the pressure, the second plunger 2 tends to move to the right. But at this time, the first through hole 14 and the second variable cross-section groove 11 of the second plunger 2 form a cavity in which the first locking ball 13 is accommodated to lock the decoding module body formed by the first plunger 1 and the third plunger 3 and the second plunger 2 together, thereby preventing the second plunger 2 from moving. Meanwhile, the second control line L2 is connected to the cavity at the right end of the first plunger 1 through the second oil passage 18, i.e. there is also a pressure signal at the right end of the first plunger 1, which together with the first spring 5 pushes the first plunger 1 to the left end. The pressure of the second control line L2 is maintained and even when the pressure signal is applied by the first control line L1, the pressure in the first control line L1 is not sufficient to push the first plunger 1 to move rightward due to the pressure signal applied to the right end of the first plunger 1, and the first plunger 1 is still maintained at the left end. That is, when the second control line L2 is pressurized first and then the first control line L1 is pressurized, the hydraulic signal cannot be transmitted to the pass module under the decoder.
4) As shown in fig. 4, if the first control line L1 is pressurized, the first left pressure chamber 4 of the first plunger 1 has a pressure control signal at this time. Under the action of the pressure, the first plunger 1 moves to the right against the urging force of the first spring 5 at the right end and covers the second oil passage hole 18 of the right chamber of the first plunger 1 connected to the second control line L2, i.e., the hydraulic oil in the second control line L2 can not enter the right chamber of the first plunger 1 any more. When the first plunger 1 moves rightwards, the second locking ball 15 between the third plunger 3 and the first plunger 1 is pressed into the space where the third plunger 3 and the second through hole 16 are located, the third plunger 3 is locked, and the third plunger 3 can not move any more. At the same time, the first plunger 1 moves to the rightmost end, exposing the first oil passage hole 17. At this time, the leftmost first variable cross-section groove 10 of the first plunger 1, the second variable cross-section groove 11 of the second plunger 2, and the first through hole 14 are aligned, allowing the second plunger 2 to move rightward. When the pressure signal of the first control line L1 is maintained and the pressure signal is applied to the second control line L2, the pressure in the second plunger left pressure chamber 20 rises, the second piston 17 is pushed to the right, and the first locking ball 13 is pressed into the space formed by the second plunger 2 and the first through hole 14, and the third oil hole 19 is exposed. At this time, the hydraulic oil in the second control line L2 and the first control line L1 enters the conduction module through the third oil passing hole 19 and the first oil passing hole 17, as shown in fig. 5, fig. 6 is an initial position of the conduction module, that is, a position where neither oil hole 23 nor 24 is filled.
5) As shown in fig. 7, if only the second fluid passage 24 connected to the second oil passage hole 18 is filled with oil, hydraulic oil from the single second fluid passage 24 enters the conduction module, and simultaneously the lower oil inlet 28 is filled with oil. At the lower part of the conduction module, under the action of hydraulic pressure, the lower plunger 21 overcomes the acting force of the lower plunger spring 25 to push the lower plunger 21 to move to the rightmost end, at this time, the lower plunger groove 31 moves to the middle between the lower oil inlet 28 and the lower oil outlet 29, and a channel between the lower oil inlet 28 and the lower oil outlet 29 is opened to allow hydraulic oil to flow from the lower oil inlet 28 to the lower oil outlet 29. However, since the first fluid path 22 and the lower oil outlet 29 are connected to the first oil passing hole 17 in the decoding module, the first oil passing hole 17 is not opened, that is, the fluid path of the first control line L1 is not opened, and the hydraulic fluid of the first control line L1 cannot flow into the lower oil inlet 28 and the lower oil outlet 29. Also, if only the first fluid path 22 connected to the first oil passing hole 17 is filled with oil, the hydraulic oil of the second control line L2 is also not allowed to flow into the upper oil inlet port 26 and the upper oil outlet port 27.
6) As shown in fig. 8, when the oil paths of the first control line L1 and the second control line L2 in the decoding module are both opened and the pressure signals are simultaneously applied to the first fluid path 22 and the second fluid path 24, the upper plunger 20 and the lower plunger 21 of the conduction module are both pushed to the right end, the hydraulic oil channel between the lower oil inlet 28 to the lower oil outlet 29 and between the upper oil inlet 26 to the upper oil outlet 27 is opened, and the pressure signals are allowed to enter the next stage, such as a downhole sliding sleeve or a downhole flow controller.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention, and the structure, size, arrangement position and shape of each component can be changed, and on the basis of the technical scheme of the present invention, the improvement and equivalent transformation of the individual components according to the principle of the present invention should not be excluded from the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a mechanical type intelligence is decoding device in pit which characterized in that: the device comprises a decoding module and a conducting module; the decoding module is connected with the conduction module through a liquid path;
the decoding module comprises a decoding shell, a first plunger, a second plunger, a third plunger, a first spring, a second spring, a third spring, a first control pipeline, a second control pipeline and a third control pipeline; two parallel clapboards are arranged in the decoding shell, and three containing cavities are formed between the two clapboards and between the clapboards and the wall surface of the decoding shell; the first plunger, the second plunger and the third plunger are respectively arranged in one accommodating cavity, and the first plunger is positioned between the second plunger and the third plunger; a first left pressure cavity is arranged in the containing cavity of the first plunger, a first left pressure cavity is arranged between the left end part of the first plunger and the left end part of the containing cavity, the first left pressure cavity is communicated with the first control pipeline, a first right pressure cavity is arranged between the right end part of the first plunger and the right end part of the containing cavity, and the first spring is arranged in the first right pressure cavity; similarly, a second left pressure chamber and a second right pressure chamber are arranged in the accommodating chamber of the second plunger, the second left pressure chamber is communicated with the second control pipeline, and the second spring is arranged in the second right pressure chamber; a third left pressure chamber and a third right pressure chamber are arranged in the accommodating chamber of the third plunger, the third left pressure chamber is communicated with the third control pipeline, and the third spring is arranged in the third right pressure chamber;
two first variable cross-section grooves are formed in the first plunger close to the left end of the first plunger; a second variable cross-section groove is formed in the second plunger and is positioned between the two first variable cross-section grooves; a third variable cross-section groove is formed in the third plunger and corresponds to the first variable cross-section groove, far away from the left end, in the first plunger;
a first through hole for accommodating a first lock ball is formed in the partition plate located between the first plunger and the second plunger, and the first through hole is arranged corresponding to the second variable cross-section groove; a second through hole for accommodating a second lock ball is formed in the partition plate between the first plunger and the third plunger, and the second through hole is arranged corresponding to the third variable cross-section groove;
a first oil through hole is formed in the left end of the cavity of the first plunger, and a second oil through hole is formed in the right end of the cavity; the first oil through hole is connected with the conduction module through a liquid path, and the second oil through hole is connected with the second control pipeline through a hydraulic oil pipe;
a third oil through hole is formed in the left end of the cavity of the second plunger and is connected with the conduction module through a liquid path;
the conducting module comprises a conducting shell, an upper plunger, a lower plunger, a first liquid path, a second liquid path, an upper plunger spring and a lower plunger spring;
a partition plate is arranged in the conduction shell and divides the conduction shell into two conduction cavities, and the upper plunger and the lower plunger are respectively arranged in one conduction cavity; a hole communicated with the first liquid path is formed in the left end of the conduction cavity of the upper plunger, one end of the first liquid path is connected with the hole, the other end of the first liquid path is connected with the first oil through hole, and the right end of the conduction cavity of the upper plunger is provided with the upper plunger spring; the left end of the switching cavity of the lower plunger is provided with a hole communicated with the second liquid path, one end of the second liquid path is connected with the hole, the other end of the second liquid path is connected with the third oil hole, and the right end of the switching cavity of the lower plunger is provided with the lower plunger spring.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: an upper oil inlet and an upper oil outlet are formed in the upper wall surface of the conduction shell, the upper oil inlet and the upper oil outlet are both communicated with the conduction cavity of the upper plunger, and the upper oil inlet is connected with the second oil through hole; and a lower oil inlet and a lower oil outlet are arranged on the lower wall surface of the conduction shell, the lower oil inlet and the lower oil outlet are both communicated with the conduction cavity of the lower plunger, and the lower oil inlet is connected with the first oil through hole.
3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein: an upper plunger groove is formed in the middle of the upper plunger, and a lower plunger groove is formed in the middle of the lower plunger; the upper plunger piston groove and the lower plunger piston groove are correspondingly arranged and have the same length.
4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein: the distance between the upper oil inlet and the upper oil outlet is smaller than the axial length of the upper plunger groove, and the distance between the lower oil inlet and the lower oil outlet is smaller than the axial length of the lower plunger groove.
5. A mechanical smart downhole decoding method based on the device of claim 4, comprising the steps of:
1) when no pressure signal is applied to the three control pipelines, the three plungers are positioned at the left end of the decoding module under the action of the three springs, and the three control pipelines are not conducted;
2) when the third control line applies a pressure signal, hydraulic oil enters the third left pressure chamber; when the pressure in the left pressure cavity of the third plunger is not enough to overcome the thrust of the third spring at the right end, the second ball locking seat is arranged in a space formed by the third plunger, the first plunger and the second through hole, and the third plunger is kept at the left end; when the pressure in the third left pressure chamber is enough to overcome the pushing force of the third spring, the pressure of the hydraulic oil entering the third control pipeline pushes the third plunger to move to the right; until the third plunger moves to the rightmost end of the decoding module, the second locking ball enters a space where the first plunger and the second through hole are located, the first plunger is locked by the second locking ball, and the first plunger cannot move rightwards; likewise, application of a pressure signal on the second control line will not cause the second plunger to move to the right;
3) if the second control line applies a pressure signal, then the second left pressure chamber of the second plunger has a pressure control signal; however, a cavity formed by the first through hole and the second variable cross-section groove on the second plunger is internally provided with a first locking ball, so that the decoding module body formed by the first plunger and the third plunger is locked with the second plunger to prevent the second plunger from moving; meanwhile, a second control pipeline is connected with a cavity at the right end of the first plunger through a second oil through hole, so that the right end of the first plunger also has the action of a pressure signal and pushes the first plunger to the left end together with the first spring; maintaining pressure in the second control line, the pressure in the first control line being insufficient to force the first plunger to the right;
4) if the first control line is pressurized, then the first left pressure chamber of the first plunger has a pressure control signal; under the action of pressure, the first plunger overcomes the thrust of a first spring at the right end to move towards the right end and covers a second oil through hole of a right cavity of the first plunger connected with a second control pipeline, so that hydraulic oil in the second control pipeline can not enter the right cavity of the first plunger any more; when the first plunger piston moves rightwards, a second locking ball between the third plunger piston and the first plunger piston is pressed into a space where the third plunger piston and the second through hole are located, and the third plunger piston is locked; simultaneously, the first plunger moves to the rightmost end to expose the first oil through hole, and the first variable cross-section groove at the leftmost end on the first plunger, the second variable cross-section groove on the second plunger and the first through hole are aligned to allow the second plunger to move rightmost; maintaining a pressure signal of the first control pipeline, applying a pressure signal on the second control pipeline, increasing the pressure in the left pressure cavity of the second plunger, pushing the second piston to move rightwards, pressing the first lock ball into a space formed by the second plunger and the first through hole, and exposing the third oil through hole; hydraulic oil of the second control pipeline and the hydraulic oil of the first control pipeline respectively enter the conduction module through the third oil through hole and the first oil through hole;
5) if only the second liquid path connected with the second oil through hole is fed with oil, the lower oil inlet is fed with oil at the same time; at the lower part of the conduction module, under the action of hydraulic pressure, the lower plunger overcomes the acting force of a lower plunger spring to push the lower plunger to move to the rightmost end, the lower plunger groove moves to the middle of the lower oil inlet and the lower oil outlet, a channel between the lower oil inlet and the lower oil outlet is opened, and hydraulic oil is allowed to flow from the lower oil inlet to the lower oil outlet; however, the oil path of the first control pipeline is not opened, the hydraulic oil of the first control pipeline cannot flow into the lower oil inlet and the lower oil outlet, and similarly, if only the first liquid path connected with the first oil through hole is filled with the oil, the hydraulic oil of the second control pipeline cannot flow into the upper oil inlet and the upper oil outlet;
6) when the oil paths of the first control pipeline and the second control pipeline are opened and the first liquid path and the second liquid path have the pressure signal effect at the same time, the upper plunger and the lower plunger of the conduction module are pushed to the right end, a hydraulic oil channel from the lower oil inlet to the lower oil outlet and from the upper oil inlet to the upper oil outlet is opened, and the pressure signal enters the next stage.
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| CN201810642553.5A CN108825182B (en) | 2018-06-21 | 2018-06-21 | Mechanical intelligent well underground decoding device and method |
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| CN201810642553.5A CN108825182B (en) | 2018-06-21 | 2018-06-21 | Mechanical intelligent well underground decoding device and method |
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| CN108825182B true CN108825182B (en) | 2020-04-17 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110185422B (en) * | 2019-05-23 | 2022-04-22 | 中国海洋石油集团有限公司 | Novel cableless data bidirectional transmission device for water injection well |
| CN111663919B (en) * | 2020-04-23 | 2022-07-22 | 中国海洋石油集团有限公司 | Decoder for layered exploitation of oil and gas |
| CN111663922B (en) * | 2020-04-23 | 2022-07-01 | 中国海洋石油集团有限公司 | Underground decoder system |
| CN111663920B (en) * | 2020-04-23 | 2022-09-09 | 中国海洋石油集团有限公司 | Control method for controlling six-layer sliding sleeve by three pipelines |
| CN111663921B (en) * | 2020-04-23 | 2022-11-08 | 中国海洋石油集团有限公司 | Underground hydraulic system with three pipelines controlling six-layer sliding sleeve |
| CN113882833A (en) * | 2021-12-06 | 2022-01-04 | 东营市福利德石油科技开发有限责任公司 | Underground multi-layer control decoding device |
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| NO994777A (en) * | 1999-09-30 | 2001-03-19 | Kongsberg Offshore As | Device by a subsea system for controlling a hydraulic actuator and a system with such a device |
| US6684950B2 (en) * | 2001-03-01 | 2004-02-03 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | System for pressure testing tubing |
| US7464761B2 (en) * | 2006-01-13 | 2008-12-16 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Flow control system for use in a well |
| GB2434814B (en) * | 2006-02-02 | 2008-09-17 | Schlumberger Holdings | Snorkel Device For Flow Control |
| CN102031953B (en) * | 2010-12-07 | 2013-08-21 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | Underground position selecting hydraulic decoding method and device of intelligent well |
| CN102094627B (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2013-08-21 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | Well-head hydraulic signal generating device and operating method thereof |
| CN102758600B (en) * | 2012-06-21 | 2015-05-13 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Voice control differential pressure balance type switch for horizontal well |
| CN204103394U (en) * | 2014-10-29 | 2015-01-14 | 东营市福利德石油科技开发有限责任公司 | Hydraulic pressure program control line protective device |
| CN106401572B (en) * | 2016-06-23 | 2019-10-25 | 中国石油集团钻井工程技术研究院 | A kind of VSP during drilling measurement sensor pushing device and measuring tool |
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