CN108824410A - The shallow processing method of depth liquefaction applied to liquified sand foundation - Google Patents

The shallow processing method of depth liquefaction applied to liquified sand foundation Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108824410A
CN108824410A CN201810698517.0A CN201810698517A CN108824410A CN 108824410 A CN108824410 A CN 108824410A CN 201810698517 A CN201810698517 A CN 201810698517A CN 108824410 A CN108824410 A CN 108824410A
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sand
depth
liquefaction
processing
actual treatment
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CN108824410B (en
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张延仓
马贵生
蔡耀军
赵鑫
朱瑛洁
李少雄
阳云华
高志林
苏传洋
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Changjiang Geotechnical Engineering Co.,Ltd.
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CHANGJIANG GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING GENERAL Co (WUHAN)
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Foundations (AREA)
  • Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of shallow processing methods of depth liquefaction applied to liquified sand foundation.It includes the following steps：Theory analysis；Determine that sand foundation liquefaction handles critical processing depth；Determine the actual treatment depth of sand foundation liquefaction processing；Determine that basis outside handles width critical value；Determine basis outside actual treatment width；According to actual treatment depth and actual treatment width, sand liquefaction processing region is determined.The present invention, which has, is greatly decreased basement process cost, difficulty of construction is reduced, the advantages of shortening the construction period.

Description

The shallow processing method of depth liquefaction applied to liquified sand foundation
Technical field
The present invention relates to hydraulic and hydroelectric engineerings and Geotechnical Engineering field, more specifically say it is applied to liquefiable sand The shallow processing method of depth liquefaction of soil base.
Background technique
With the sustained and rapid development of China's economy, the infrastructure scale of China's Coastal Areas is unprecedented in recent years, in order to Port and pier, building, highway, the engineerings problems of land utilization such as communications and transportation are solved, in recent years Tianjin, Wenzhou, Lianyun Harbour, Xiamen, wide The areas such as state Nansha and Shenzhen Yantian have carried out a large amount of reclamation engineering.
These engineerings are that the materials such as waterpower hydraulic reclamation waste silt, Extra-fine sand, silt are carried out on the beach of siltation mostly, after And carry out stiffening basic ground；Since the project amount of China's reclaiming land around sea has reached unprecedented scale, hydraulic reclamation resource is caused The preferable medium coarse sand of worsening shortages, especially antidetonation liquefaction has faced the available condition of no sand in many places, for this Situation, more and more engineerings are using locality than more rich flour sand, fine sand, such as Tianjin Harbor, Cao Feidian.This kind of hydraulic reclamation material Material is exactly the problem of liquefaction to the maximum engineering characteristic of Effects on Engineering, these coastal areas are also wide generally below barged-in fill in addition The deep mud of general distribution, layer of sand, powder soil horizon, argillic horizon, these waterpower hydraulic reclamations and original saturation Extra-fine sand, silt are on ground Liquefaction under the action of shake is a global problem, and especially after completion of works, superstructure is during operation.
Under the horizontal vibration effect that earthquake generates, position will occur to adjust and tend to be closely knit between the soil body, and the soil body becomes closely knit It certainly will exclude pore water.If under periodical dynamic loading sharply, if the water penetration of the soil body is bad and impeded drainage Words, the draining of previous cycle also do not complete, the latter period drains again, and the water that should drain has little time to be discharged, and water be can not Compression, excess pore water pressure is then just produced, sand soil classifiction greatly reduces at this time.Continue with time of vibration, surpasses Pore water pressure is constantly accumulated superposition and is increased, and finally completely loses the shearing strength of the soil body, and this phenomenon is referred to as to liquefy.
A kind of principal mode of the sand liquefaction phenomenon as earthquake disaster can usually cause the uneven heavy of building basis Drop and structural damage, such as：Sandblasting stream soil, bunding slump, ground cracking sinks, construction cracking collapses, harbour destroys, and makes At major disaster and casualties, huge disaster is brought to the mankind.
Liquified sand foundation processing mainly has the common methods such as sand compaction pile, cement mixing pile, it is therefore an objective to increase sand Compactness or change the mode of action between sand grains, reach and inhibit liquefied purpose.
Currently, the treatment principle of important building liquified sand foundation is the sand handled in whole liquefiable depth bounds Soil, and enter the non-liquefaction soil layers certain depth that underlies, in this way, there are engineerings especially in the case where liquefiable sand layer is deep The disadvantages of cost is high, difficulty of construction is big, long in time limit.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the invention is to provide a kind of shallow processing method of depth liquefaction applied to liquified sand foundation, processing The a certain range of liquefiable sandy soil of superficial part is allowed to be converted into non-liquefied sand, while reaching and lower part liquefiable sandy soil is inhibited to exist Liquefied purpose occurs when earthquake；Basement process cost is greatly decreased, reduces difficulty of construction, shortens the construction period.
To achieve the goals above, the technical scheme is that：The shallow place of deep liquefaction applied to liquified sand foundation Reason method, it is characterised in that：Include the following steps：
Step 1：Theory analysis；
Step 2：Determine that sand foundation liquefaction handles critical processing depth；
Step 3：Determine the actual treatment depth of sand foundation liquefaction processing；
Step 4：Determine that basis outside handles width critical value；
Step 5：Determine basis outside actual treatment width；
Step 6：According to actual treatment depth and actual treatment width, sand liquefaction processing region is determined.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, in step 1, the principal element for influencing liquefiable sandy soil earthquake liquefaction has seismic force, sand The effective stress that native density and overlying burden generate；Theory analysis is to produce under seismic force effects with numerical method analysis sand When raw liquefaction, existing relationship between the effective stress three that seismic force, sand density and overlying burden generate；Ordinary circumstance Under, so that sand is generated the required seismic force that liquefies and increase with the increase of sand density and effective stress, sand generates liquefaction Required seismic force is indicated with following formula：
E=f (r, σ ')
In formula：E- sand generates the required seismic force that liquefies, KN；
R- sand density, KN/m3；
σ '-effective stress, kPa.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, in step 2, sand processing depth critical value is when lower part sand is under seismic force effects The minimum treat depth of top sand, different sands when vibration stress is just offseted with the effective stress for above covering processed layer of sand The critical depth handled under the effect of different earthquake power is different；According to《Seismic design provision in building code》, it is critical that sand handles depth Value is calculated with following formula；
h*=d0+db-2
In formula, h*Liquefiable sandy soil handles depth critical value, m；
dbEmbedded depth of foundation, m；2m is taken when no more than 2m；
d0Liquefiable sandy soil depths of features, m.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, in step 3, the actual treatment depth of liquified sand foundation liquefaction processing is according to critical Depth determines that safety coefficient is determined according to magnitude and building importance rate multiplied by certain safety coefficient；Under The actual treatment depth of formula calculating liquefied sand：
H=f × h*
In formula, h- liquefiable sandy soil actual treatment depth, m；
h*Liquefiable sandy soil handles depth critical value, m；
F- safety coefficient.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, in step 4, liquefaction zone has the layer of sand that do not liquefy immediately below basis at first in basis outside Certain to influence, the layer of sand that makes not liquefy immediately below basis loses soil lateral pressure and unstability, to cause damages to building；Cause This, it is thus necessary to determine that the processing width in basis outside；
According to the thickness of liquefiable sand layer, determine that basis outside handles width critical value；Basis outside is calculated according to the following formula Handle width critical value：
L*=h0×ctg(45°+φ0/2)+h×ctg(45°+φ/2)
In formula, L*Handle width critical value, m；
h0The untreated liquefiable sand layer thickness in lower part, m；
H- liquefiable sandy soil handles depth, m；
Inner friction angel of sandy soil after φ-processing, °；
φ0Topsoil internal friction angle, °.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, in step 5, actual treatment width is according to processing width critical value multiplied by certain safety Coefficient determines that safety coefficient is determined according to magnitude and building importance rate；
Actual treatment width is calculated according to the following formula：
L=f × L*
In formula, L- actual treatment width, m；
L*Handle width critical value, m；
F- safety coefficient.
The invention has the advantages that：
(1) the present invention processing a certain range of liquefiable sandy soil of superficial part, is allowed to be converted into non-liquefied sand, reach simultaneously Inhibit lower part liquefiable sandy soil that liquefied purpose occurs in earthquake；The present invention is applied in sandy soil liquefied foundation processing, uses Top liquefiable sandy soil is handled, reaches liquescence existing for the whole liquefiable sandy soils of elimination, reaches the mesh of ground stability against earthquake 's；
(2) basement process cost is greatly decreased in the present invention, reduces difficulty of construction, shortens the construction period；
(3) present invention has carried out a large amount of simulated experiment using dynamic triaxial apparatus and resonance column device by Specialized Theory research And data collection, and in the bank open channel section Successful Practice application of first stage of middle line for South-north water diversion engineering north, achieve good engineering effect Benefit is worth application and deeper into research.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is liquified sand foundation processing structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
A indicates building in figure；B indicates that basis outside handles width；C indicates processing depth；D indicates that sand liquefaction is deep Degree.
Specific embodiment
The performance that the invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but they and do not constitute a limitation of the invention, only It is for example.Keep advantages of the present invention more clear by explanation simultaneously and is readily appreciated that.
Refering to known to attached drawing：Applied to the shallow processing method of depth liquefaction of liquified sand foundation, include the following steps：
Step 1：Theory analysis；
Step 2：Determine that sand foundation liquefaction handles critical processing depth；
Step 3：Determine the actual treatment depth of sand foundation liquefaction processing；
Step 4：Determine that basis outside handles width critical value；
Step 5：Determine basis outside actual treatment width；
Step 6：According to actual treatment depth and actual treatment width, sand liquefaction processing region is determined.
In step 1, the principal element for influencing liquefiable sandy soil earthquake liquefaction has seismic force, sand density and overlying burden to produce Raw effective stress；Theory analysis is seismic force, sand when generating liquefaction under seismic force effects with numerical method analysis sand Existing relationship between the effective stress three that native density and overlying burden generate；Under normal circumstances, sand is made to generate liquefaction institute The seismic force (E) needed increases with the increase of sand density (r) and effective stress (σ '), and sand generates ground required for liquefaction Brisance is indicated with following formula：
E=f (r, σ ')
In formula：E- sand generates the required seismic force that liquefies, KN；
R- sand density, KN/m3；
σ '-effective stress, kPa.
In step 2, the sand of different densities, under differently brisance (earthquake motion peak acceleration) effect, pore water pressure The raising path of power and lift-off value are different；To specific sand, it is determined that the variation of pore water pressure when earthquake, so that it may Determine the critical value of top sand processing depth；Sand processing depth critical value is when lower part sand shakes under seismic force effects The minimum treat depth of top sand when stress is just offseted with the effective stress for above covering processed layer of sand, different sands are not It is different with the critical depth handled under seismic force effects；Therefore, character, the earthquake of sand processing depth critical value and sand itself The physico-mechanical properties of sand are related after power exposure level, processing method and processing, and sand handles depth critical value according to sand The character of soil itself, seismic force effects are horizontal, the physico-mechanical properties of sand are comprehensive after processing method and processing determines；According to 《Seismic design provision in building code》, sand processing depth critical value calculated with following formula；
h*=d0+db-2
In formula, h*Liquefiable sandy soil handles depth critical value, m；
dbEmbedded depth of foundation, m；2m is taken when no more than 2m；
d0Liquefiable sandy soil depths of features, m；
Liquefying soil depths of features is determined according to Project Areas earthquake intensity, as shown in table 1；
1 liquefying soil depths of features (m) of table
。
In step 3, the actual treatment depth of liquified sand foundation liquefaction processing is according to critical depth multiplied by certain peace Overall coefficient determines that safety coefficient is determined according to magnitude and building importance rate；Liquefied sand is calculated according to the following formula Actual treatment depth：
H=f × h*
In formula, h- liquefiable sandy soil actual treatment depth, m；
h*Liquefiable sandy soil handles depth critical value, m；
F- safety coefficient.
In step 4, liquefaction zone has certain influence to the layer of sand that do not liquefy immediately below basis at first in basis outside, makes basis just The lower section layer of sand that do not liquefy loses soil lateral pressure and unstability, to cause damages to building；It is thus necessary to determine that basis outside Processing width；
According to the thickness of liquefiable sand layer, determine that basis outside handles width critical value；Basis outside is calculated according to the following formula Handle width critical value：
L*=h0×ctg(45°+φ0/2)+h×ctg(45°+φ/2)
In formula, L*Handle width critical value, m；
h0The untreated liquefiable sand layer thickness in lower part, m；
H- liquefiable sandy soil handles depth, m；
Inner friction angel of sandy soil after φ-processing, °；
φ0Topsoil internal friction angle, °.
In step 5, actual treatment width is determined according to processing width critical value multiplied by certain safety coefficient, safety coefficient It is determined according to magnitude and building importance rate；
Actual treatment width is calculated according to the following formula：
L=f × L*
In formula, L- actual treatment width, m；
L*Handle width critical value, m；
F- safety coefficient.
In order to more clearly illustrate the deep liquefaction shallow processing of the present invention applied to liquified sand foundation Method possessed advantage, staff compared with existing liquefiable sandy soil processing method carry out both technical solutions Comparison, comparing result are as shown in table 2 below：
2 comparing result of table
By upper table 2 it is found that the depth of the present invention applied to liquified sand foundation liquefies shallow processing method with it is existing Liquefiable sandy soil processing method compare, the duration is shorter, and cost is lower, and difficulty of construction is lower, and construction area is less, construction quality It is guaranteed.
Fig. 1 is liquified sand foundation processing structure schematic diagram of the present invention, as can be seen from Figure 1：Building A is located at can On liquefied sand, basis outside processing width B and processing depth C are calculated using the method for the present invention, determine sand liquefaction treatment region The processing depth C in domain, the liquefiable sandy soil calculated using the method for the present invention is less than sand liquefaction depth D；It determines at sand liquefaction It manages Domain Volume and is less than sand liquefaction volume.
Verifying：The method of the present invention is succeeded application in first stage of middle line for South-north water diversion engineering, Yellow River North seashore can liquid Change 8~12m of sand depth, be computed analysis, under conditions of earthquake intensity is VII degree, need to only handle the liquefiable sand of top 7m Layer, so that it may which the liquefaction for inhibiting its lower sand is allowed to be converted into non-liquefied sand；The design scheme reduces construction investment more than 5,000 ten thousand Member shortens the construction period 2 wheat harvesting periods.
Other unaccounted parts belong to the prior art.

Claims (6)

  1. The shallow processing method 1. the depth for being applied to liquified sand foundation liquefies, it is characterised in that：Include the following steps：
    Step 1：Theory analysis；
    Step 2：Determine that sand foundation liquefaction handles critical processing depth；
    Step 3：Determine the actual treatment depth of sand foundation liquefaction processing；
    Step 4：Determine that basis outside handles width critical value；
    Step 5：Determine basis outside actual treatment width；
    Step 6：According to actual treatment depth and actual treatment width, sand liquefaction processing region is determined.
  2. The shallow processing method 2. the depth according to claim 1 applied to liquified sand foundation liquefies, it is characterised in that：Step In rapid 1, the principal element for influencing liquefiable sandy soil earthquake liquefaction has what seismic force, sand density and overlying burden generated to have effect Power；Theory analysis be is generated under seismic force effects with numerical method analysis sand liquefy when, seismic force, sand density and on Cover existing relationship between the effective stress three of load generation；Under normal circumstances, sand is made to generate required earthquake of liquefying Power increases with the increase of sand density and effective stress, and sand generates the required seismic force that liquefies and indicated with following formula：
    E=f (r, σ ')
    In formula：E- sand generates the required seismic force that liquefies, KN；
    R- sand density, KN/m3；
    σ '-effective stress, kPa.
  3. The shallow processing method 3. the depth according to claim 2 applied to liquified sand foundation liquefies, it is characterised in that：Step In rapid 2, sand handles depth critical value when lower part sand shakes stress under seismic force effects and above covers processed layer of sand The minimum treat depth of top sand when effective stress just offsets, what different sands were handled under the effect of different earthquake power faces Boundary's depth is different；According to《Seismic design provision in building code》, sand processing depth critical value calculated with following formula；
    h*=d0+db-2
    In formula, h*Liquefiable sandy soil handles depth critical value, m；
    dbEmbedded depth of foundation, m；2m is taken when no more than 2m；
    d0Liquefiable sandy soil depths of features (m).
  4. The shallow processing method 4. the depth according to claim 3 applied to liquified sand foundation liquefies, it is characterised in that：Step In rapid 3, the actual treatment depth of liquified sand foundation liquefaction processing is determined according to critical depth multiplied by certain safety coefficient, Safety coefficient is determined according to magnitude and building importance rate；The actual treatment for calculating liquefied sand according to the following formula is deep Degree：
    H=f × h*
    In formula, h- liquefiable sandy soil actual treatment depth, m；
    h*Liquefiable sandy soil handles depth critical value, m；
    F- safety coefficient.
  5. The shallow processing method 5. the depth according to claim 4 applied to liquified sand foundation liquefies, it is characterised in that：Step In rapid 4, liquefaction zone has certain influence to the layer of sand that do not liquefy immediately below basis at first in basis outside, makes not liquefy immediately below basis Layer of sand loses soil lateral pressure and unstability, to cause damages to building；It is thus necessary to determine that the processing in basis outside is wide Degree；
    According to the thickness of liquefiable sand layer, determine that basis outside handles width critical value；The processing of basis outside is calculated according to the following formula Width critical value：
    L*=h0×ctg(45°+φ0/2)+h×ctg(45°+φ/2)
    In formula, L*Handle width critical value, m；
    h0The untreated liquefiable sand layer thickness in lower part, m；
    H- liquefiable sandy soil handles depth, m；
    Inner friction angel of sandy soil after φ-processing, °；
    φ0Topsoil internal friction angle, °.
  6. The shallow processing method 6. the depth according to claim 5 applied to liquified sand foundation liquefies, it is characterised in that：Step In rapid 5, actual treatment width determines that safety coefficient is according to Earthquake multiplied by certain safety coefficient according to processing width critical value Grade and building importance rate determine；
    Actual treatment width is calculated according to the following formula：
    L=f × L*
    In formula, L- actual treatment width, m；
    L*Handle width critical value, m；
    F- safety coefficient.
CN201810698517.0A 2018-06-29 2018-06-29 Deep liquefaction shallow treatment method applied to liquefiable sandy soil foundation Active CN108824410B (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114575328A (en) * 2022-01-27 2022-06-03 中铁十八局集团有限公司 Method for quickly eliminating liquefaction property of silt by using treatment fluid containing stone powder and fly ash

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JPH11181755A (en) * 1997-12-17 1999-07-06 Ohbayashi Corp Base isolation structure in soft ground
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