CN108822932B - High-speed extreme pressure wear-resistant lubricating oil and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
- C10M169/045—Mixtures of base-materials and additives the additives being a mixture of compounds of unknown or incompletely defined constitution and non-macromolecular compounds
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M125/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an inorganic material
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M125/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an inorganic material
- C10M125/22—Compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M141/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M141/12—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being an organic compound containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M141/02 - C10M141/10
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- C10M161/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of a macromolecular compound and a non-macromolecular compound, each of these compounds being essential
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- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/04—Elements
- C10M2201/041—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black
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- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
- C10M2201/065—Sulfides; Selenides; Tellurides
- C10M2201/066—Molybdenum sulfide
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- C10M2201/14—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions inorganic compounds surface treated with organic compounds
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- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
- C10M2207/126—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids monocarboxylic
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- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/40—Fatty vegetable or animal oils
- C10M2207/401—Fatty vegetable or animal oils used as base material
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- C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2217/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained from nitrogen containing monomers by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2217/028—Macromolecular compounds obtained from nitrogen containing monomers by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a nitrogen-containing hetero ring
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- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
- C10M2219/044—Sulfonic acids, Derivatives thereof, e.g. neutral salts
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- C10M2227/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2203/00, C10M2207/00, C10M2211/00, C10M2215/00, C10M2219/00 or C10M2223/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2227/06—Organic compounds derived from inorganic acids or metal salts
- C10M2227/061—Esters derived from boron
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- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
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Abstract
The invention provides high-speed extreme pressure wear-resistant lubricating oil and a preparation method and application thereof. After the single-layer or few-layer graphene is subjected to oleophylic surface modification, the additive is added, and the graphene oil has excellent stability and dispersibility in base oil. After the nano particles are added, a graphene-nano particle-graphene multilayer sandwich structure can be formed on the surface of the friction pair in the friction process, so that the oil film can be effectively prevented from being broken, the lubricating and wear-resisting properties of the base oil can be improved, and the bearing capacity can be improved. The graphene can also be directly filled into scratches or defects on the surface of metal to play a role in repairing, so that the mechanical life is prolonged, the energy consumption is reduced, and the graphene is more environment-friendly and energy-saving.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lubricating oil, in particular to high-speed extreme pressure wear-resistant lubricating oil and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Conventional antiwear lubricants generally consist of a base oil, additives, and nanoparticles. The base oil is mineral oil or synthetic oil, and the additive is organic compound capable of being dispersed completely in the base oil. The functions of the additive are mainly as follows: improving the surface activity of nano particles in oil, resisting oxidation, resisting corrosion of metal surface and the like. The main functions of the nano particles in the lubricating oil are that the nano particles can be accumulated on the surface of metal, fill and level cracks and metal surface defects, and form a nano self-repairing layer on the surface of the metal, so that rolling friction is formed between contact surfaces. However, with the change of working conditions, particularly in high-speed or extreme-pressure environments, the oil film added with the nano particles is easy to break, and the metal contact surface can be subjected to various kinds of corrosion and abrasion, so that the rolling friction effect is reduced, and the service life of the metal is greatly reduced.
The graphene has ultrahigh specific surface area (the thickness of single-layer graphene is only 0.334nm, the graphene is easy to enter a friction contact surface), excellent mechanical property and self-lubricating property, and the characteristics enable the application research of the graphene in the aspect of lubricating additives to be concerned, and a large amount of researches find that a proper amount of graphene serving as the lubricating additives can not only reduce the friction coefficient, but also can obviously improve the bearing and anti-wear properties of the lubricant in the form of a friction adsorption film. However, graphene is prone to agglomeration, and thus dispersion stability of graphene in lubricating oil and solvent is affected. At present, two methods are mainly used for solving the dispersion stability of graphene, one is to add a dispersant, and the graphene is uniformly and stably dispersed in a solvent by utilizing the dispersion effect of the dispersant; the other method is to perform functional modification on graphene, so that lipophilic functional groups are grafted on the surface of the graphene, and the dispersion stability in a solvent is improved.
At present, most of graphene materials applied to lubricating oil are graphene oxide prepared by an oxidation-reduction method, and compared with graphene, the surface of the graphene oxide has a large number of oxygen-containing functional groups and is in a wrinkled shape, so that the smoothness of the surface of the graphene oxide is greatly reduced, and the interlayer friction coefficient is increased; and the preparation process is relatively complex, the preparation cost is high, most of the used chemical reagents are harmful to the environment, and the requirements of low-cost green preparation and high-speed extreme pressure application are difficult to meet.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides the high-speed extreme pressure wear-resistant lubricating oil, and the preparation method and the application thereof. After the single-layer or few-layer graphene is subjected to oleophylic surface modification, the additive is added, and the graphene oil has excellent stability and dispersibility in base oil. After the nano particles are added, a graphene-nano particle-graphene multilayer sandwich structure can be formed on the surface of the friction pair in the friction process, so that the oil film can be effectively prevented from being broken, the lubricating and wear-resisting properties of the base oil can be improved, and the bearing capacity can be improved. The graphene can also be directly filled into scratches or defects on the surface of metal to play a role in repairing, so that the mechanical life is prolonged, the energy consumption is reduced, and the graphene is more environment-friendly and energy-saving.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a high-speed extreme-pressure antiwear lubricating oil comprises the following components: base oil, nano particles, graphene, a surface modifier and an additive; the mass percentage of the base oil is 30-90% of the total mass; the mass percentage of the nano particles is 5-50% of the total mass; the mass percent of the graphene is 0.001% -10.0% of the total mass; the mass percent of the surface modifier is 50-100% of the mass of the graphene; the mass percentage of the additive is 5% -50% of the mass of the graphene.
Further, the mass percent of the base oil is 50-70% of the total mass; the mass percentage of the nano particles is 20-35% of the total mass; the mass percent of the graphene is 5-10.0% of the total mass; the mass percent of the surface modifier is 50-100% of the mass of the graphene; the mass percentage of the additive is 20% -50% of the mass of the graphene.
Further, the base oil is one of edible rapeseed oil, HVIW 150N lubricating oil, HVIW 250N lubricating oil and HVIW 500N lubricating oil.
Further, the nano particles are nano Fe particles, nano Zn particles, nano Cu particles, nano Co particles, nano Mn particles, nano Ni particles and nano MoS2One or a combination of more than two of nano polytetrafluoroethylene; the particle size is below 50 nm.
Further, the graphene is a single layer or within 10 layers, and the thickness is 1-3 nm.
Further, the surface modifier is an organic compound containing a mercapto functional group. Specifically, the silane coupling agent KH580 is one or the combination of two of the silane coupling agent KH 590.
Further, the additive is one or a combination of more than two of petroleum sodium sulfonate, barium petroleum sulfonate, calcium petroleum sulfonate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, WinSperse 6010, WinSperse 6020, organic borate, boronized fatty acid ester, stearic acid or oleic acid.
The invention also provides a method for preparing the high-speed extreme-pressure wear-resistant lubricating oil, which comprises the following specific steps:
step one, preparing sulfydryl modified graphene and sulfydryl modified nano particles;
step two, gradually adding the dispersing agent, the mercapto-modified graphene and the mercapto-modified nano particles into the base oil in sequence, and uniformly stirring at the temperature of 20-70 ℃;
and step three, homogenizing the mixture obtained in the step two to obtain uniform and stable lubricating oil.
Further, the homogenization treatment is one or a combination of two of mechanical stirring, ultrasonic oscillation and ceramic bead grinding.
The invention also provides an application of the high-speed extreme-pressure wear-resistant lubricating oil on the metal surface, wherein the high-speed extreme-pressure wear-resistant lubricating oil is extreme-pressure applied to the metal surface under high-speed extreme pressure; the high-speed extreme pressure, namely the working condition rotating speed is more than 10000rpm, the maximum non-seizure load PB value is 350N-1500N, and the sintering load PD value is 6000N-10000N.
The outstanding characteristics and excellent effects of the invention are as follows:
the high-speed extreme pressure wear-resistant lubricating oil disclosed by the invention is strong in oxidation resistance, long in service life, antirust and good in corrosion resistance, can be widely produced and can replace the existing materials, and the lubricating oil disclosed by the invention can form a self-repairing layer on the metal surface by utilizing a special sandwich structure formed by graphene and nano particles, so that the lubricating oil has good high-speed extreme pressure wear resistance; the sintering load PD value of the existing material is generally 4000N, and the average value of the sintering load PD of the high-speed extreme pressure lubricating oil series products is more than 7500 and can reach more than 10000N at most.
The high-speed extreme pressure wear-resistant lubricating oil is prepared by firstly preparing sulfydryl modified graphene and nano particles, the graphene, the nano particles and a surface modifier can realize graphene functionalization after treatment, so that the graphene, the nano particles and the surface modifier are better dispersed in the oil, re-agglomeration among the particles is effectively prevented, the graphene and the nano particles are tightly combined in the lubricating oil without separation, the compression resistance and the wear resistance are enhanced, impact can be effectively absorbed, and the stability is strong; under the condition of applying external force, the graphene and the nano particles perform rolling friction on a friction surface, and the graphene can be filled in a wear part under extreme pressure to reduce further wear, so that the high-speed extreme pressure wear resistance of the lubricating oil is improved;
in the high-speed extreme pressure wear-resistant lubricating oil raw material, various dispersants are added to further improve the fusion property of the graphene and the base oil, so that the wear-resistant performance of the lubricating oil in a high-speed extreme pressure state is ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows scanning electron microscope profiles of graphene and nanoparticles in lubricating oil products.
The graph shows that the nano particles are distributed on the surfaces of the graphene and the lubricating oil film, the particle size is about 10-20nm, and the nano particles are distributed on the surface of the graphene uniformly.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
a high-speed extreme-pressure antiwear lubricating oil comprises the following components: 50g of edible rapeseed oil, 30g of nano Fe particles, 10g of single-layer graphene, 5g of organic compound containing mercapto functional groups and 5g of sodium petroleum sulfonate.
The preparation method of the high-speed extreme pressure wear-resistant lubricating oil comprises the following specific steps:
step one, preparing sulfydryl modified graphene and sulfydryl modified nano particles;
step two, gradually adding the dispersing agent, the mercapto-modified graphene and the mercapto-modified nano particles into the base oil in sequence, and uniformly stirring at the temperature of 20-70 ℃;
and step three, homogenizing the mixture obtained in the step two to obtain uniform and stable lubricating oil. As shown in fig. 1.
The homogenization treatment is one or the combination treatment of two of mechanical stirring (stirring speed is 3000-36000r/min), ultrasonic oscillation (frequency is 20KHz, power is 300-5000W) or ceramic bead grinding (linear speed is 5-20 m/s).
The application of the high-speed extreme pressure wear-resistant lubricating oil on the metal surface wraps the lubricating oil on the metal surface in a high-speed extreme pressure state; the high-speed extreme pressure, namely the working condition rotating speed is more than 10000rpm, the maximum non-seizure load 'PB' value is 450N, and the sintering load 'PD' value is 6000N.
Example 2:
a high-speed extreme-pressure antiwear lubricating oil comprises the following components: 60g of HVIW 250N lubricating oil, 25g of a mixture of nano Cu particles and nano Co particles, 8g of double-layer graphene, 2g of a mixture of a silane coupling agent KH580, 5g of polyvinylpyrrolidone and WinSperse 6010.
The preparation method of the high-speed extreme pressure wear-resistant lubricating oil comprises the following specific steps:
step one, preparing sulfydryl modified graphene and sulfydryl modified nano particles;
step two, gradually adding the dispersing agent, the mercapto-modified graphene and the mercapto-modified nano particles into the base oil in sequence, and uniformly stirring at the temperature of 20-70 ℃;
and step three, homogenizing the mixture obtained in the step two to obtain uniform and stable lubricating oil.
The homogenization treatment is one or the combination treatment of two of mechanical stirring (stirring speed is 3000-36000r/min), ultrasonic oscillation (frequency is 20KHz, power is 300-5000W) or ceramic bead grinding (linear speed is 5-20 m/s).
The application of the high-speed extreme pressure wear-resistant lubricating oil on the metal surface wraps the lubricating oil on the metal surface in a high-speed extreme pressure state; the high-speed extreme pressure, namely the working condition rotating speed is more than 10000rpm, the maximum non-seizure load 'PB' value is 500N, and the sintering load 'PD' value is 7500N.
Example 3:
a high-speed extreme-pressure antiwear lubricating oil comprises the following components: HVIW 500N lubricating oil 70g and nano MoS220g of particles, 5g of graphene, 4g of silane coupling agent KH590, and 1g of mixture of boronized fatty acid ester and stearic acid or oleic acid.
The preparation method of the high-speed extreme pressure wear-resistant lubricating oil comprises the following specific steps:
step one, preparing sulfydryl modified graphene and sulfydryl modified nano particles;
step two, gradually adding the dispersing agent, the mercapto-modified graphene and the mercapto-modified nano particles into the base oil in sequence, and uniformly stirring at the temperature of 20-70 ℃;
and step three, homogenizing the mixture obtained in the step two to obtain uniform and stable lubricating oil.
The homogenization treatment is one or the combination treatment of two of mechanical stirring (stirring speed is 3000-36000r/min), ultrasonic oscillation (frequency is 20KHz, power is 300-5000W) or ceramic bead grinding (linear speed is 5-20 m/s).
The application of the high-speed extreme pressure wear-resistant lubricating oil on the metal surface wraps the lubricating oil on the metal surface in a high-speed extreme pressure state; the high-speed extreme pressure, namely the working condition rotating speed is more than 10000rpm, the maximum non-seizure load 'PB' value is 500N, and the sintering load 'PD' value is 10000N.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The application of the high-speed extreme-pressure wear-resistant lubricating oil on the surface of metal is characterized in that: extreme pressure is carried out on the high-speed extreme pressure wear-resistant lubricating oil to the surface of the metal under high-speed extreme pressure; the high-speed extreme pressure, namely the working condition rotating speed is more than 10000rpm, the maximum non-seizure load PB value is 350N-1500N, and the sintering load PD value is 6000N-10000N;
the high-speed extreme pressure wear-resistant lubricating oil comprises the following components: base oil, nano particles, graphene, a surface modifier and a dispersant; the mass percent of the base oil is 50-70% of the total mass; the mass percentage of the nano particles is 20-35% of the total mass; the mass percent of the graphene is 5-10.0% of the total mass; the mass percent of the surface modifier is 50-100% of the mass of the graphene; the mass percentage of the dispersing agent is 20% -50% of the mass of the graphene; the surface modifier is an organic compound containing a mercapto functional group;
the nano particles are Fe nano particles, Zn nano particles, Cu nano particles, Co nano particles, Mn nano particles, Ni nano particles and MoS nano particles2One or a combination of more than two of nano polytetrafluoroethylene; particle size below 50 nm;
the graphene is within 10 layers and is 1-3nm thick;
the preparation method of the high-speed extreme-pressure wear-resistant lubricating oil comprises the following specific steps:
step one, preparing sulfydryl modified graphene and sulfydryl modified nano particles;
step two, gradually adding the dispersing agent, the mercapto-modified graphene and the mercapto-modified nano particles into the base oil in sequence, and uniformly stirring at the temperature of 20-70 ℃;
and step three, homogenizing the mixture obtained in the step two to obtain uniform and stable lubricating oil.
2. The use of a high speed extreme pressure antiwear lubricating oil according to claim 1 on metal surfaces, wherein: the base oil is one of edible rapeseed oil, HVIW 150N lubricating oil, HVIW 250N lubricating oil and HVIW 500N lubricating oil.
3. The use of a high speed extreme pressure antiwear lubricating oil according to claim 1 on metal surfaces, wherein: the dispersing agent is one or the combination of more than two of petroleum sodium sulfonate, barium petroleum sulfonate, calcium petroleum sulfonate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, WinSperse 6010, WinSperse 6020, organic boric acid ester, boronized fatty acid ester, stearic acid or oleic acid.
4. A method for preparing high-speed extreme pressure wear-resistant lubricating oil is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following specific steps:
step one, preparing sulfydryl modified graphene and sulfydryl modified nano particles;
step two, gradually adding the dispersing agent, the mercapto-modified graphene and the mercapto-modified nano particles into the base oil in sequence, and uniformly stirring at the temperature of 20-70 ℃;
step three, homogenizing the mixture obtained in the step two to obtain uniform and stable lubricating oil;
wherein: the high-speed extreme pressure wear-resistant lubricating oil comprises the following components: base oil, nano particles, graphene, a surface modifier and a dispersant; the mass percent of the base oil is 50-70% of the total mass; the mass percentage of the nano particles is 20-35% of the total mass; the mass percent of the graphene is 5-10.0% of the total mass; the mass percent of the surface modifier is 50-100% of the mass of the graphene; the mass percentage of the dispersing agent is 20% -50% of the mass of the graphene; the surface modifier is an organic compound containing a mercapto functional group;
the nano particles are Fe nano particles, Zn nano particles, Cu nano particles, Co nano particles, Mn nano particles, Ni nano particles and MoS nano particles2One or a combination of more than two of nano polytetrafluoroethylene; particle size below 50 nm;
the graphene is within 10 layers and is 1-3nm thick;
extreme pressure is carried out on the high-speed extreme pressure wear-resistant lubricating oil to the surface of the metal under high-speed extreme pressure; the high-speed extreme pressure, namely the working condition rotating speed is more than 10000rpm, the maximum non-seizure load PB value is 350N-1500N, and the sintering load PD value is 6000N-10000N.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein: the homogenization treatment is one or the combination treatment of two of mechanical stirring, ultrasonic oscillation and ceramic bead grinding.
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