CN108822276B - Preparation method of PVC/PET composite film adhesive - Google Patents

Preparation method of PVC/PET composite film adhesive Download PDF

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CN108822276B
CN108822276B CN201810529162.2A CN201810529162A CN108822276B CN 108822276 B CN108822276 B CN 108822276B CN 201810529162 A CN201810529162 A CN 201810529162A CN 108822276 B CN108822276 B CN 108822276B
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pet composite
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CN108822276A (en
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沈春晖
谢颖
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Wuhan University of Technology WUT
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/02Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates of isocyanates or isothiocyanates only
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D251/00Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3,5-triazine rings
    • C07D251/02Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3,5-triazine rings not condensed with other rings
    • C07D251/12Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3,5-triazine rings not condensed with other rings having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D251/26Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3,5-triazine rings not condensed with other rings having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with only hetero atoms directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D251/30Only oxygen atoms
    • C07D251/34Cyanuric or isocyanuric esters

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
  • Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a preparation method of a PVC/PET composite film adhesive, which comprises the steps of mixing a toluene diisocyanate monomer, an antioxidant and a catalyst A, and carrying out heat preservation reaction; when the percentage content of-NCO group is 9.4% -10.6%, changing the system temperature, adding catalyst B, and reacting while keeping the temperature; when the target percentage content of-NCO groups in the system is less than or equal to 8 percent, adding a polymerization inhibitor, carrying out heat preservation reaction, cooling and discharging, and finally obtaining the TDI trimer with the free TDI content less than or equal to 0.5 percent and the viscosity less than 400mPa & s at 25 ℃. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the product is not required to be filtered and separated, and the preparation process is simple; the PVC/PET composite material can be applied to the PVC/PET composite process, no obvious bubbles exist among composite films, the surface is regular and smooth, the adhesiveness is good, the stripping is not easy to occur, and the deformation is not easy to occur; the product has small viscosity and good fluidity; is environment-friendly and efficient.

Description

Preparation method of PVC/PET composite film adhesive
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of adhesives, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a PVC/PET composite film adhesive.
Background
PET has good heat resistance, creep resistance, fatigue resistance, friction and wear resistance, electrical insulation and chemical resistance, and is widely used in the fields of synthetic fibers, films, engineering plastics, medicines, daily necessities and the like, particularly the most widely used polyester products. The terylene has high strength, good elasticity, good water absorption, good wear resistance, strong silk-like feeling, bright luster and best heat resistance in synthetic fibers, and is a superior clothing fabric. However, the polyester fabric is soft, and the polyester fabric has applications outside the field of textiles. How to fully utilize the characteristics of low cost and high performance of the poly-cool fiber to prepare a plurality of composite yarns, expand the application field of the composite yarns and have wide prospect.
PVC has been the most widely used plastic in the world and is used in a very wide range of applications. The product has wide application in building materials, industrial products, daily necessities, floor leathers, floor tiles, artificial leathers, pipes, wires and cables, packaging films, bottles, foaming materials, sealing materials, fibers and the like.
PVC is uniformly coated on the polyester filament yarn to prepare the PVC/PET composite core-spun yarn, the yarn is used as woven warp and weft yarns, and the obtained fabric integrates the advantages of the PVC/PET composite core-spun yarn and the woven warp and weft yarns, thereby making up for the deficiencies of the PVC/PET composite core-spun yarn, being widely applied to the fields of hotel dinning mats, large buildings, outdoor sun-shading, furniture sun-shading and the like, and also being applied to indoor decoration, automobile decoration, curtains, boxes, anti-skid carpets, roof rain-proof facilities of large exhibitions, guardrail nets of highways and the like.
PVC film and PET fibre can be in the same place through the gluing agent bonding, but traditional gluing agent appears the bonding effect poor easily at bonding PVC and PET fibre in-process, and mobility is not good causes the problem such as complex film surface irregularity. The adhesive commonly used in industry is mainly solvent-based, has low surface tension and does not have the foaming phenomenon of an emulsifier, so the adhesive is very suitable for being used in the sticking of plastic films. The organic solvent also has the advantages of low latent heat of evaporation, high volatilization speed and the like, so the organic solvent is widely used in the bonding production of plastic films. However, most of organic solvents have toxicity, so that the environment can be seriously polluted in the production and use processes, the harm to human bodies is increased along with the recent serious environmental pollution, the protection consciousness of people on the health is strengthened, and the production and the use of solvent adhesives are limited, so that the development of a water-soluble adhesive for PET/PVC bonding has practical value.
The imported TDI trimer has excellent performance, particularly the content of free TDI is lower than 0.5 percent, so that the imported TDI trimer occupies most of the high-end curing agent market. The application of the thin film evaporation technology in the TDI addition product curing agent ensures that the TDI addition product type curing agent is superior to foreign like products in free TDI and other performances, so that the production of the low-free TDI tripolymer curing agent by a chemical even combined separation method is urgently expected in China. The research and development of the high-compatibility low-free TDI trimer can break through monopoly of foreign products in high-end markets, can help domestic enterprises to obtain higher profits by virtue of high performance and higher added value of the trimer, and meanwhile, the low-free monomer protects personal safety of production, constructors and consumers while reducing environmental pollution.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a preparation method of a PVC/PET composite film adhesive, so as to overcome the defects in the prior art.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows: a preparation method of a PVC/PET composite film adhesive comprises the steps of mixing a toluene diisocyanate monomer, an antioxidant and a catalyst A, and carrying out heat preservation reaction, wherein the catalyst A is one or a combination of more of tetramethylammonium iodide, tetramethylammonium bromide and tetramethylammonium chloride; when the percentage content of-NCO groups is 9.4-10.6%, changing the system temperature, adding a catalyst B, and carrying out heat preservation reaction, wherein the catalyst B is one or a combination of more of tetramethylethylenediamine, tetramethylpropylenediamine and tetramethylhexamethylenediamine; when the target percentage content of-NCO groups in the system is less than or equal to 8 percent, adding a polymerization inhibitor, carrying out heat preservation reaction, cooling and discharging, and finally obtaining the TDI trimer with the free TDI content less than or equal to 0.5 percent and the viscosity less than 400mPa & s at 25 ℃.
As a preferred implementation formula of the above technical solution, the embodiment of the present invention provides a preparation method of a PVC/PET composite film adhesive, further including some or all of the following technical features:
as an improvement of the above technical solution, in an embodiment of the present invention, a preparation method of the adhesive includes the following steps:
under the protection of inert gas, adding a toluene diisocyanate monomer and an antioxidant into a dry three-neck round-bottom flask with a rotor, heating to 40-90 ℃ for heat preservation reaction, adding a catalyst A for reaction for 3-4 h, wherein the catalyst A is one or a combination of more of tetramethylammonium iodide, tetramethylammonium bromide and tetramethylammonium chloride;
when the percentage content of-NCO groups is 9.4-10.6%, changing the system temperature to 30-70 ℃, adding a catalyst B, and carrying out heat preservation reaction, wherein the catalyst B is one or a combination of more of tetramethylethylenediamine, tetramethylpropylenediamine and tetramethylhexamethylenediamine;
when the target percentage content of-NCO groups in the system is less than or equal to 8 percent, adding a polymerization inhibitor, carrying out heat preservation reaction for 0.5 to 1 hour, cooling and discharging, and finally obtaining the TDI trimer with the free TDI content less than or equal to 0.5 percent and the viscosity less than 400 mPas at 25 ℃.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, in one embodiment of the invention, the rotating speed of the rotor in the whole preparation process is 100r/min, so that the whole reaction process is ensured to be smooth.
As an improvement of the above technical solution, in an embodiment of the present invention, the antioxidant is one or a combination of butyl hydroxy anisole, dibutyl hydroxy toluene, tert-butyl hydroquinone, and antioxidant 1010.
As an improvement of the above technical solution, in an embodiment of the present invention, the polymerization inhibitor is one or a combination of more of phosphoric acid, benzoyl chloride and benzenesulfonyl chloride.
As an improvement of the above technical solution, in an embodiment of the present invention, the mass percentages of the toluene diisocyanate monomer, the antioxidant, the catalyst a, the catalyst B, and the polymerization inhibitor are: 98% -99%: 0.2% -1.0%: 0.05% -0.3%: 0.05% -0.15%: 0.05 to 0.3 percent.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, in one embodiment of the invention, the interval time for detecting the percentage content of the-NCO groups each time is 30min, because the operation time for detecting the-NCO content is as short as 20min, the viscosity is increased at the later stage of the reaction faster, namely the speed for generating the tripolymer is increased, and in order to control the reaction in time, the detection time is set to be 30 min.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the rotating speed of the whole reaction process is 100r/min, the experimental temperature is divided into two different temperature intervals according to different added catalysts, the antioxidant and the catalyst are added at one time, the final product is water white, the color does not change obviously after cooling and standing for several days, the viscosity is kept unchanged while the fluidity is good, the coating is fast when the product is coated on a clean glass sheet to form a film, obvious concave-convex feeling does not exist when the product is observed by naked eyes, the storage effect of the product in the transportation process is stable, and social requirements can be met;
2) the activity of the adopted 2,4-TDI monomer is higher than that of 2,6-TDI, the difference of the activity of two isocyanate groups in an ortho position and a para position can be reduced by raising the temperature in the 2,4-TDI, the influence of the steric hindrance effect of methyl is eliminated, and the 2,4-TDI is consumed in the trimerization reaction along with the prolonging of the reaction time; the catalyst A contains four methyl groups, the required amount of the Lewis base catalyst is small, products do not need to be separated, and the Lewis base catalyst is used as a phase transfer agent in the reaction to increase the solubility of reactants; the catalyst B is a long flexible molecular chain, and four methyl groups on the chain have power supply property, so that the whole reaction process is stable, heat dissipation is facilitated, and the product has good fluidity;
3) the product is not required to be filtered and separated, and the preparation process is simple;
4) the PVC/PET composite material can be applied to the PVC/PET composite process, no obvious bubbles exist among composite films, the surface is regular and smooth, the adhesiveness is good, the stripping is not easy to occur, and the deformation is not easy to occur;
5) is environment-friendly and efficient.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with examples which are set forth to illustrate, but are not to be construed to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
A preparation method of a PVC/PET composite film adhesive comprises the following steps:
under the protection of nitrogen, according to the weight ratio of the formula, 258g of toluene diisocyanate monomer and 0.63g of Butyl Hydroxy Anisole (BHA) are uniformly mixed in a dry three-neck round-bottom flask provided with a rotor, then the temperature is raised to 90 ℃ for heat preservation reaction, 0.35g of tetramethyl ammonium iodide is added for reaction for 3 hours, and the percentage content of-NCO groups is detected once every half an hour;
when the percentage content of-NCO groups is 9.4-10.6%, changing the temperature of the system to 30-70 ℃, adding 0.15g of tetramethylethylenediamine, still detecting the percentage content of-NCO groups once every half hour, adding 0.35g of polymerization inhibitor benzoyl chloride after the target percentage content of-NCO groups in the system is less than or equal to 8%, preserving the heat for 0.5-1 h, cooling and discharging, finally obtaining a TDI trimer with the free TDI content of less than or equal to 0.5% and the viscosity of less than 400mPa & s (25 ℃), wherein the rotating speed of a rotor is 100r/min in the whole preparation process.
Example 2
A preparation method of a PVC/PET composite film adhesive comprises the following steps:
under the protection of nitrogen, according to the weight ratio of the formula, 250g of toluene diisocyanate monomer and 0.8g of dibutyl hydroxy toluene (BHT) are uniformly mixed in a dry three-neck round-bottom flask provided with a rotor, then the temperature is raised to 80 ℃ for heat preservation reaction, 0.75g of tetramethyl ammonium iodide is added for reaction for 3.5 hours, and the percentage content of-NCO groups is detected once every half an hour;
when the percentage content of-NCO groups is 9.4-10.6%, changing the system temperature to 30-70 ℃, adding 0.25g of tetramethylpropanediamine, still detecting the percentage content of-NCO groups once every half hour, adding 0.75g of polymerization inhibitor benzoyl chloride when the target percentage content of-NCO groups in the system is less than or equal to 8%, preserving the heat for 0.5-1 h, cooling and discharging, finally obtaining a TDI trimer with the free TDI content of less than or equal to 0.5% and the viscosity of less than 400mPa & s (25 ℃), wherein the rotating speed of a rotor is 100r/min in the whole preparation process.
Example 3
A preparation method of a PVC/PET composite film adhesive comprises the following steps:
under the protection of nitrogen, according to the weight ratio of the formula, 250g of toluene diisocyanate monomer and 0.75g of Butyl Hydroxy Anisole (BHA) are uniformly mixed in a dry three-neck round-bottom flask provided with a rotor, then the temperature is raised to 60 ℃ for heat preservation reaction, 0.6g of tetramethyl ammonium bromide is added for reaction for 3 hours, and the percentage content of-NCO groups is detected once every half an hour;
when the percentage content of-NCO groups is 9.4-10.6%, changing the system temperature to 30-70 ℃, adding 0.38g of tetramethylpropanediamine, still detecting the percentage content of-NCO groups once every half hour, when the target percentage content of-NCO groups in the system is less than or equal to 8%, adding 0.6g of phosphoric acid, keeping the temperature for 0.5-1 h, cooling and discharging, finally obtaining a TDI trimer with the free TDI content of less than or equal to 0.5% and the viscosity of less than 400mPa s (25 ℃), wherein the rotating speed of a rotor is 100r/min in the whole preparation process.
Example 4
A preparation method of a PVC/PET composite film adhesive comprises the following steps:
under the protection of nitrogen, according to the weight ratio of the formula, 240g of toluene diisocyanate monomer and 0.94g of dibutyl hydroxy toluene (BHT) are uniformly mixed in a dry three-neck round-bottom flask provided with a rotor, then the temperature is raised to 75 ℃ for heat preservation reaction, 0.68g of tetramethyl ammonium bromide is added for reaction for 4 hours, and the percentage content of-NCO groups is detected once every half an hour;
when the percentage content of-NCO groups is 9.4-10.6%, changing the system temperature to 30-70 ℃, adding 0.33g of tetramethylhexanediamine, still detecting the percentage content of-NCO groups once every half hour, when the target percentage content of-NCO groups in the system is less than or equal to 8%, adding 0.68g of benzenesulfonyl chloride, preserving the temperature for 0.5-1 h, cooling and discharging, finally obtaining a TDI trimer with the free TDI content of less than or equal to 0.5% and the viscosity of less than 400mPa & s (25 ℃), wherein the rotating speed of a rotor is 100r/min in the whole preparation process.
Example 5
A preparation method of a PVC/PET composite film adhesive comprises the following steps:
under the protection of nitrogen, according to the weight ratio of the formula, 265g of toluene diisocyanate monomer and 1.1g of antioxidant 1010 are firstly uniformly mixed in a dry three-neck round-bottom flask with a rotor, then the temperature is raised to 75 ℃ for heat preservation reaction, 0.38g of tetramethylammonium iodide is added for reaction for 4 hours, and the percentage content of-NCO groups is detected once every half hour;
when the percentage content of-NCO groups is 9.4-10.6%, changing the system temperature to 30-70 ℃, adding 0.185g of tetramethylhexanediamine, still detecting the percentage content of-NCO groups once every half hour, when the target percentage content of-NCO groups in the system is less than or equal to 8%, adding 0.38g of phosphoric acid, keeping the temperature for 0.5-1 h, cooling and discharging, finally obtaining a TDI trimer with the free TDI content of less than or equal to 0.5% and the viscosity of less than 400mPa & s (25 ℃), wherein the rotating speed of a rotor is 100r/min in the whole preparation process.
Example 6
A preparation method of a PVC/PET composite film adhesive comprises the following steps:
under the protection of nitrogen, according to the weight ratio of the formula, 240g of toluene diisocyanate monomer and 0.98g of tert-butyl hydroquinone (TBHQ) are uniformly mixed in a dry three-neck round-bottom flask with a rotor, then the temperature is raised to 60 ℃ for heat preservation reaction, 0.72g of tetramethylammonium chloride is added for reaction for 4 hours, and the percentage content of-NCO groups is detected once every half an hour;
when the percentage content of-NCO groups is 9.4-10.6%, changing the system temperature to 30-70 ℃, adding 0.375g of tetramethylpropanediamine, still detecting the percentage content of-NCO groups once every half hour, when the target percentage content of-NCO groups in the system is less than or equal to 8%, adding 0.72g of benzenesulfonyl chloride, preserving the temperature for 0.5-1 h, cooling and discharging, finally obtaining a TDI trimer with the free TDI content of less than or equal to 0.5% and the viscosity of less than 400mPa & s (25 ℃), wherein the rotating speed of a rotor is 100r/min in the whole preparation process.
The application of TDI tripolymer in light-colored PVC/PET composite films without obvious scratches is as follows:
application example 1:
the first step is as follows: uniformly stirring 100 parts of EPVC paste resin, 62 parts of DOP, 4 parts of DOA, 3 parts of triple superphosphate and 2 parts of stabilizer in a beaker, controlling the rotating speed at 50r/min, and reacting at room temperature for about 1 hour to obtain a white pasty substance;
the second step is that: putting the cut PET fibers (50mm multiplied by 50mm) on a film disc, covering the TDI tripolymer with the viscosity of 340mPa & s (25 ℃) on fiber cloth in a dropwise manner, finally slowly and uniformly pouring the paste resin obtained in the first step into a grinding disc to cover the PET fibers, wherein 37 parts of PET fibers, 62 parts of white PVC paste resin and 1 part of TDI tripolymer, reacting at room temperature for 3.5h, putting the film disc into an oven with the temperature of 160 ℃ to be dried for 0.5h, and taking out the film disc from the oven to obtain a slightly thick light-color composite fiber film;
and thirdly, removing the composite fiber film obtained in the second step, and carrying out hot pressing for 3min at 160 ℃ and 5MPa under a hot press to obtain the light-colored PVC/PET composite film without obvious scratches, wherein the PVC/PET composite film is stably bonded without separation, the surface is smooth without concave-convex feeling after hot pressing and unfolding, the measured tensile strength is 10.03MPa, and the elongation at break is 104.19%.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A preparation method of a PVC/PET composite film adhesive is characterized in that a toluene diisocyanate monomer, an antioxidant and a catalyst A are mixed and react in a heat preservation mode, wherein the catalyst A is one or a combination of more of tetramethyl ammonium iodide, tetramethyl ammonium bromide and tetramethyl ammonium chloride; when the percentage content of-NCO groups is 9.4-10.6%, changing the system temperature, adding a catalyst B, and carrying out heat preservation reaction, wherein the catalyst B is one or a combination of more of tetramethylethylenediamine, tetramethylpropylenediamine and tetramethylhexamethylenediamine; when the target percentage content of-NCO groups in the system is less than or equal to 8 percent, adding a polymerization inhibitor, carrying out heat preservation reaction, cooling and discharging, and finally obtaining the TDI trimer with the free TDI content less than or equal to 0.5 percent and the viscosity less than 400mPa & s at 25 ℃.
2. The preparation method of the PVC/PET composite film adhesive according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps:
under the protection of inert gas, adding a toluene diisocyanate monomer and an antioxidant into a dry three-neck round-bottom flask with a rotor, heating to 40-90 ℃ for heat preservation reaction, adding a catalyst A for reaction for 3-4 h, wherein the catalyst A is one or a combination of more of tetramethylammonium iodide, tetramethylammonium bromide and tetramethylammonium chloride;
when the percentage content of-NCO groups is 9.4-10.6%, changing the system temperature to 30-70 ℃, adding a catalyst B, and carrying out heat preservation reaction, wherein the catalyst B is one or a combination of more of tetramethylethylenediamine, tetramethylpropylenediamine and tetramethylhexamethylenediamine;
when the target percentage content of-NCO groups in the system is less than or equal to 8 percent, adding a polymerization inhibitor, carrying out heat preservation reaction for 0.5 to 1 hour, cooling and discharging, and finally obtaining the TDI trimer with the free TDI content less than or equal to 0.5 percent and the viscosity less than 400 mPas at 25 ℃.
3. The preparation method of the PVC/PET composite film adhesive according to claim 2, wherein the rotation speed of the rotor in the whole preparation process is 100 r/min.
4. The preparation method of the PVC/PET composite film adhesive according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the antioxidant is one or more of butyl hydroxy anisole, dibutyl hydroxy toluene, tert-butyl hydroquinone and antioxidant 1010.
5. The preparation method of the PVC/PET composite film adhesive according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the polymerization inhibitor is one or more of phosphoric acid, benzoyl chloride and benzenesulfonyl chloride.
6. The preparation method of the PVC/PET composite film adhesive according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the time interval for detecting the percentage content of-NCO groups is 30 min.
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CN112111044B (en) * 2019-06-21 2021-06-29 万华化学集团股份有限公司 Polyisocyanate composition and preparation method and application thereof

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