CN108817921A - A kind of horizontal press - Google Patents

A kind of horizontal press Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN108817921A
CN108817921A CN201810971491.2A CN201810971491A CN108817921A CN 108817921 A CN108817921 A CN 108817921A CN 201810971491 A CN201810971491 A CN 201810971491A CN 108817921 A CN108817921 A CN 108817921A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
movable plate
plate
baffle
horizontal press
oil cylinder
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN201810971491.2A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN108817921B (en
Inventor
乔存娥
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SICHUAN LIUHE FORGING Co Ltd
Original Assignee
SICHUAN LIUHE FORGING Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SICHUAN LIUHE FORGING Co Ltd filed Critical SICHUAN LIUHE FORGING Co Ltd
Priority to CN201810971491.2A priority Critical patent/CN108817921B/en
Publication of CN108817921A publication Critical patent/CN108817921A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN108817921B publication Critical patent/CN108817921B/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23PMETAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P19/00Machines for simply fitting together or separating metal parts or objects, or metal and non-metal parts, whether or not involving some deformation; Tools or devices therefor so far as not provided for in other classes
    • B23P19/02Machines for simply fitting together or separating metal parts or objects, or metal and non-metal parts, whether or not involving some deformation; Tools or devices therefor so far as not provided for in other classes for connecting objects by press fit or for detaching same
    • B23P19/027Machines for simply fitting together or separating metal parts or objects, or metal and non-metal parts, whether or not involving some deformation; Tools or devices therefor so far as not provided for in other classes for connecting objects by press fit or for detaching same using hydraulic or pneumatic means

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Press Drives And Press Lines (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of horizontal press, including rack and rack-mounted hydraulic cylinder, knock-pin is connected on the plunger rod of hydraulic cylinder, face knock-pin is provided with movable plate, the movable plate is adjustable relative to the distance between knock-pin free end, can assist completing the disassembly and installation of workpiece by the cooperation between knock-pin and movable plate.The problems such as being easy to the installation and removal for carrying out workpiece in various structural member, have structure simple, and transmitting strength is big, and operating area is variable, easy to operate, and the lifting of workpiece, the remarkable advantages such as working efficiency height are convenient in horizontal installation.

Description

A kind of horizontal press
Technical field
The invention belongs to General hydraulic equipment technology field, in particular to a kind of horizontal press, in order to solve Pincers worker problem inconvenient to the fractionation of mechanical fitting and installation in daily assembling process.It is low with failure rate, highly-safe, dimension The features such as shield is simple, and operating cost is low, high production efficiency.
Background technique
The production industries such as metallurgy, machinery improve operating efficiency, it usually needs set of to reduce labor intensity of workers Part is carried out component, component assembling and general assembly by the assembly technical requirement of mechanical equipment by professional equipment, and is adjusted, and is examined Test with test run etc., make qualified mechanical equipment.During daily overhaul of the equipments, need to split the accessory of damage It opens, or when new mechanical parts assembly synthesis, is required to some fractionations, pressing in tool, common tool such as draws horse, jack, pressure Machine etc., but existing equipment exist it is inconvenient for use, and the problems such as inefficient operation.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to:In view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, providing a kind of horizontal press, solve Pincers worker in daily assembling process to the fractionation of mechanical fitting and inconvenient installation the problems such as, have failure rate low, it is highly-safe, The features such as maintenance is simple, and operating cost is low, high production efficiency.
What the technical solution of the technology of the present invention was realized in:A kind of horizontal press, including rack and it is mounted on machine Hydraulic cylinder on frame is connected with knock-pin on the plunger rod of hydraulic cylinder, and face knock-pin is provided with movable plate, the activity Plate is adjustable relative to the distance between knock-pin free end, can assist completing work by the cooperation between knock-pin and movable plate The disassembly and installation of part.
Horizontal press of the present invention, the rack include bottom plate, perpendicular to the oil cylinder fixed plate of bottom plate, hydraulic oil Cylinder is vertically mounted in oil cylinder fixed plate, and is equipped with two or more around hydraulic cylinder in oil cylinder fixed plate and is parallel to liquid The free end of the steady brace of compressing cylinder, steady brace is connected with each other by pull rod fixed frame, and pull rod fixed frame integral installation On bottom plate.
Horizontal press of the present invention, the movable plate are equipped with and supply between pull rod fixed frame and plunger rod The movable plate sliding eye that the steady brace passes through, movable plate can be free to slide on steady brace.
Horizontal press of the present invention is provided with corresponding and evenly spaced several pins on the steady brace and inserts Hole, for locking position of the movable plate on steady brace.
Horizontal press of the present invention is also connected with turn-screw between the oil cylinder fixed plate and movable plate, leads to Cross the glide direction and sliding distance of the rotation adjust automatically movable plate of turn-screw.
Horizontal press of the present invention is equipped with oil cylinder protection board at the top of the hydraulic cylinder, and oil cylinder is protected The tension rod thru-hole and screw rod through-hole passed through for steady brace and turn-screw is provided on plate.
Horizontal press of the present invention, for driving the driving motor of turn-screw to be mounted on the outer of oil cylinder fixed plate Side.
Horizontal press of the present invention, the movable plate are provided centrally with the workpiece through-hole passed through for workpiece, live Movable plate is removably equipped with a block baffle towards the side of hydraulic cylinder, and baffle corresponds at the workpiece through-hole of the movable plate It is provided with baffle through-hole, the diameter of baffle through-hole is less than the diameter of workpiece through-hole.
Horizontal press of the present invention is provided with baffle fixing sleeve on the movable plate, and baffle can be directly inserted into In baffle fixing sleeve, to realize the fixation to baffle.
Horizontal press of the present invention, the oil cylinder fixed plate are mounted on bottom plate by fixing seat, the fixation Seat includes the fixing seat plate for being parallel to bottom plate, is fixed on bottom plate under fixing seat plate by two or more I-steel, and And oil cylinder protection board is also secured in fixing seat.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are:By the horizontal press of innovative design, can be easy to in the middle part of various structure The problems such as installation and removal of division of labor part, have structure simple, transmitting strength is big, and operating area is variable, and it is easy to operate, and crouch The lifting of workpiece, the remarkable advantages such as working efficiency height are convenient in formula installation.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the stereoscopic schematic diagram of horizontal press of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the top view of horizontal press of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the use state diagram of horizontal press of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of oil cylinder protection board of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the structure and scheme of installation of guide wheel device of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the scheme of installation of baffle of the present invention and baffle fixing sleeve;
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of baffle fixing sleeve of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right The technology of the present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only used to explain this hair It is bright, it is not intended to limit the present invention.
As shown, kind horizontal press, including rack 1 and rack-mounted hydraulic cylinder 2, hydraulic cylinder 2 Plunger rod 21 on be connected with knock-pin 22, face knock-pin 22 is provided with movable plate 3, the movable plate 3 it is adjustable relative to The distance between 22 free end of knock-pin can assist completing the disassembly of workpiece by the cooperation between knock-pin 22 and movable plate 3 And installation.
Specifically, the rack 1 includes bottom plate 11, perpendicular to the oil cylinder fixed plate 12 of bottom plate 11, hydraulic cylinder 2 is vertically pacified Around hydraulic cylinder 2, to be equipped with two or more be parallel to hydraulic in oil cylinder fixed plate 12, and in oil cylinder fixed plate 12 The free end of the steady brace 4 of oil cylinder 2, steady brace 4 is connected with each other by pull rod fixed frame 13, and pull rod fixed frame 13 is whole It is mounted on bottom plate 11.
The movable plate 3 is equipped with what the confession steady brace 4 passed through between pull rod fixed frame 13 and plunger rod 21 Movable plate sliding eye 31, movable plate 3 can be free to slide on steady brace 4.
Corresponding and evenly spaced several pin jacks 41 are provided on the steady brace 4, it can be in the outer of movable plate 3 Pin 42 is inserted into side, barrier activity plate 3 is used for, to lock position of the movable plate 3 on steady brace 4.
It is also connected with turn-screw 5 between the oil cylinder fixed plate 12 and movable plate 3, is equipped with and is driven on movable plate 3 The matched lead screw bearing 51 of screw rod 5, can by the glide direction of the rotation adjust automatically movable plate 3 of turn-screw 5 and sliding away from From to be adapted to the workpiece dismounting of different size machines.There are two symmetrical bearing cross holes 33 for the both ends setting of movable plate 3, use The bearing fixation hole 34 for fixing lead screw bearing 51 is provided in installation lead screw bearing 51, and around bearing cross hole 33.
The top of the hydraulic cylinder 2 is equipped with oil cylinder protection board 14, and is provided on oil cylinder protection board 14 and draws for fixed Four tension rod thru-holes 141 and two screw rod through-holes 142 that bar 4 and turn-screw 5 pass through, while being additionally provided with for hydraulic cylinder 2 The plunger rod through-hole 143 that passes through of plunger rod 21.
For driving the driving motor 51 of turn-screw 5 to be mounted on the outside of oil cylinder fixed plate 12.
The movable plate 3 is provided centrally with the workpiece through-hole 32 passed through for workpiece, and movable plate 3 is towards hydraulic cylinder 2 Side is removably equipped with a block baffle 6, and baffle 6 is logical corresponding to baffle is provided at the workpiece through-hole 32 of the movable plate 3 Hole 61, the diameter of baffle through-hole 61 are less than the diameter of workpiece through-hole 32.
It is provided with baffle fixing sleeve 7 on the movable plate 3, for installing baffle 6, the specific structure of baffle fixing sleeve 7 is: It includes backboard 71 and two pieces of opposite L shape end plates 72 for being welded on 71 front face of backboard, and connects and close two pieces of L shape ends The bottom plate 73 of 72 lower part of plate, result in formation of the baffle fixing sleeve 7 of box shell-like, baffle 6 can be inserted into baffle fixing sleeve 7 from above In;The middle part of backboard 71 is provided with back plate aperture 711 corresponding with workpiece through-hole 32 and equal aperture.L shape end plate 72 includes side plate 721 and foreboard 722, and the top of two pieces of foreboards 722 is provided with corresponding notch 722a, avoids baffle 6 in baffle fixing sleeve 7 In it is stuck, inconvenience take out or be packed into.The both ends of backboard 71 are additionally provided with corresponding fixation hole 712, for passing through bolt for baffle Fixing sleeve 7 is fixed on movable plate 3.The top of baffle 6 is also set up there are two corresponding lifting lug 62, to facilitate the lifting of baffle 6.
The oil cylinder fixed plate 12 is mounted on bottom plate 11 by fixing seat 15, and the fixing seat 15 includes being parallel to bottom plate 11 fixing seat plate 151, fixing seat plate 151 is lower to be fixed on bottom plate 11 by two or more I-steel 152, and oil Cylinder protection board 14 is also secured in fixing seat 15.
The pull rod fixed frame 13 is also connect by the fixed frame stiffening plate 131 being arranged on the outside with bottom plate 11, to increase Add the impact strength of pull rod fixed frame 13.
The both ends of oil cylinder protection board 14 towards the fixed plate 3 are provided with protection board stiffening plate 144, to increase oil cylinder guarantor The impact strength of backplate 14.
The top of movable plate 3 corresponds to two ipsilateral steady braces 4 and is provided with two sets of guide wheel devices 8, guide wheel device 8 be by Idler wheel 81, turning rolls 82, roller shaft 83, adjusting screw rod 84, fixing bolt 85 and rolling bearing 86 form.Turning rolls 82 passes through Fixing bolt 85 tightens together with movable plate 3, and the rear and front end of turning rolls 82 is separately installed with two idler wheels 81, and idler wheel 81 middle parts are the spill wheel that can engage with the steady brace 4, by adjusting adjusting screw rod 84 it is elastic idler wheel 81 is pressed onto and Steady brace 4 contacts, and can be integrally-regulated to the 4 movable plate sliding eyes 31 made on movable plate 3 and corresponding 4 fixed drawings The outer surface of bar 4 does not contact as far as possible, and such movable plate 3 frictional force very little when being axially moved need to only overcome idler wheel 81 With the frictional force between steady brace 4, so that whole sliding is more smooth, the axial movement of movable plate 3 is more steady, can also Abrasion is reduced, the service life of related accessory is extended.
Four steady braces 4 and hydraulic cylinder 2 of the horizontal press are horizontally mounted, and movable plate 3 is in turn-screw 5 It is moved in the horizontal direction under effect to adjust at a distance from oil cylinder protection board 14, the effective operation of the distance namely press machine Region.
The operation principle of the present invention is that:
As shown in figure 3, the plunger rod 21 of hydraulic cylinder 2 stretches out to the right under the action of oil pressure, knock-pin is transferred force to 22, knock-pin 22 is transferred force to again on the intermediate bar 91 of the flange 9 of split workpiece, is split the flange 9 of workpiece just by baffle 6 The pressure blocked, therefore acted on intermediate bar 91 has been transmitted on baffle 6 and movable plate 3 further through the flange 9 of split workpiece, Movable plate 3 at this time is resisted and can not be moved by 4 pins 42 again.And intermediate bar 91 has passed through the centre of baffle 6 and movable plate 3 Hole, when plunger rod 21 continues firmly, so that it may intermediate bar 91 be ejected, dismounting is completed.Conversely, split workpiece is rotated horizontally 180 °, intermediate bar 91 can be pressed into the flange 9 of split workpiece, complete press fitting.
The present invention has structure simple, and transmitting strength is big, and operating area is variable, easy to operate, and workpiece is convenient in horizontal installation Lifting, the remarkable advantages such as working efficiency height.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention Made any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention within mind and principle.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of horizontal press, it is characterised in that:Including rack and rack-mounted hydraulic cylinder, hydraulic cylinder Plunger rod on be connected with knock-pin, face knock-pin is provided with movable plate, the movable plate it is adjustable relative to knock-pin from By the distance between end, it can assist completing the disassembly and installation of workpiece by the cooperation between knock-pin and movable plate.
2. horizontal press according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The rack includes bottom plate, perpendicular to bottom plate Oil cylinder fixed plate, hydraulic cylinder are vertically mounted in oil cylinder fixed plate, and are equipped in oil cylinder fixed plate around hydraulic cylinder The free end of two or more the steady braces for being parallel to hydraulic cylinder, steady brace is connected with each other by pull rod fixed frame, and Pull rod fixed frame integral installation is on bottom plate.
3. horizontal press according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:The movable plate is located at pull rod fixed frame and plunger Between bar, and it is equipped with the movable plate sliding eye passed through for the steady brace, movable plate can be free to slide on steady brace.
4. horizontal press according to claim 3, it is characterised in that:It is provided on the steady brace corresponding and uniform Several pin jacks at interval, for locking position of the movable plate on steady brace.
5. horizontal press according to claim 3, it is characterised in that:Also connect between the oil cylinder fixed plate and movable plate It is connected to turn-screw, passes through the glide direction and sliding distance of the rotation adjust automatically movable plate of turn-screw.
6. horizontal press according to claim 5, it is characterised in that:Oil cylinder guarantor is installed at the top of the hydraulic cylinder Backplate, and the tension rod thru-hole and screw rod through-hole passed through for steady brace and turn-screw is provided on oil cylinder protection board.
7. horizontal press according to claim 5, it is characterised in that:For driving the driving motor of turn-screw to install In the outside of oil cylinder fixed plate.
8. horizontal press according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Being provided centrally with for the movable plate is worn for workpiece The workpiece through-hole crossed, movable plate are removably equipped with a block baffle towards the side of hydraulic cylinder, and baffle corresponds to the work Baffle through-hole is provided at the workpiece through-hole of movable plate, the diameter of baffle through-hole is less than the diameter of workpiece through-hole.
9. horizontal press according to claim 8, it is characterised in that:Baffle fixing sleeve is provided on the movable plate, Baffle can be directly inserted into baffle fixing sleeve, to realize the fixation to baffle.
10. horizontal press according to claim 6, it is characterised in that:The oil cylinder fixed plate is installed by fixing seat On bottom plate, the fixing seat includes the fixing seat plate for being parallel to bottom plate, passes through two or more I-shapeds under fixing seat plate Steel is fixed on bottom plate, and oil cylinder protection board is also secured in fixing seat.
CN201810971491.2A 2018-08-24 2018-08-24 Horizontal press Active CN108817921B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201810971491.2A CN108817921B (en) 2018-08-24 2018-08-24 Horizontal press

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201810971491.2A CN108817921B (en) 2018-08-24 2018-08-24 Horizontal press

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN108817921A true CN108817921A (en) 2018-11-16
CN108817921B CN108817921B (en) 2024-06-07

Family

ID=64151437

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201810971491.2A Active CN108817921B (en) 2018-08-24 2018-08-24 Horizontal press

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN108817921B (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109807595A (en) * 2019-03-29 2019-05-28 重庆重科智能装备研究院有限公司 Numerical control servo horizontal precision pressing machine
CN110640438A (en) * 2019-10-25 2020-01-03 淮南矿业(集团)有限责任公司 Track pin shaft dismounting device
CN115229728A (en) * 2022-08-16 2022-10-25 上海理工大学 Underwater positioning pin press-fitting device

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2008128239A (en) * 2008-07-10 2010-01-20 Открытое акционерное общество "Магнитогорский металлургический комбинат" (RU) HORIZONTAL HYDRAULIC PRESS
CN202952029U (en) * 2012-07-13 2013-05-29 南通皋液液压机有限公司 Adjustable special hydraulic machine for pressing shaft of fan
CN203380573U (en) * 2013-06-21 2014-01-08 纬创资通股份有限公司 Pressing assembly equipment
CN203592288U (en) * 2013-12-17 2014-05-14 新乡市振源机械设备有限责任公司 Large horizontal hydraulic machine for tooth roller dismounting
CN104476791A (en) * 2014-12-08 2015-04-01 上海宝钢物流有限公司 Double-rod horizontal hydraulic machine
CN105364463A (en) * 2015-12-24 2016-03-02 广船国际有限公司 Bearing assembly/disassembly device and bearing assembly/disassembly method
CN205914955U (en) * 2016-07-19 2017-02-01 青岛威达机械制造有限公司 A hydraulic pressure gyro wheel frame group for shell ring group is right
CN208854102U (en) * 2018-08-24 2019-05-14 四川六合锻造股份有限公司 A kind of horizontal press

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2008128239A (en) * 2008-07-10 2010-01-20 Открытое акционерное общество "Магнитогорский металлургический комбинат" (RU) HORIZONTAL HYDRAULIC PRESS
CN202952029U (en) * 2012-07-13 2013-05-29 南通皋液液压机有限公司 Adjustable special hydraulic machine for pressing shaft of fan
CN203380573U (en) * 2013-06-21 2014-01-08 纬创资通股份有限公司 Pressing assembly equipment
CN203592288U (en) * 2013-12-17 2014-05-14 新乡市振源机械设备有限责任公司 Large horizontal hydraulic machine for tooth roller dismounting
CN104476791A (en) * 2014-12-08 2015-04-01 上海宝钢物流有限公司 Double-rod horizontal hydraulic machine
CN105364463A (en) * 2015-12-24 2016-03-02 广船国际有限公司 Bearing assembly/disassembly device and bearing assembly/disassembly method
CN205914955U (en) * 2016-07-19 2017-02-01 青岛威达机械制造有限公司 A hydraulic pressure gyro wheel frame group for shell ring group is right
CN208854102U (en) * 2018-08-24 2019-05-14 四川六合锻造股份有限公司 A kind of horizontal press

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109807595A (en) * 2019-03-29 2019-05-28 重庆重科智能装备研究院有限公司 Numerical control servo horizontal precision pressing machine
CN110640438A (en) * 2019-10-25 2020-01-03 淮南矿业(集团)有限责任公司 Track pin shaft dismounting device
CN115229728A (en) * 2022-08-16 2022-10-25 上海理工大学 Underwater positioning pin press-fitting device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN108817921B (en) 2024-06-07

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN108817921A (en) A kind of horizontal press
CN208854102U (en) A kind of horizontal press
CN107160153B (en) Pressing machine
CN101342657B (en) Axial-direction pickup fitting mechanical speed-control device
CN210232868U (en) Roller chain pin shaft quick dismounting tool
CN205043437U (en) Shaft coupling hydraulic pressure dismounting device
DE102014211773B4 (en) Four-wheel press tool and forging press
CN201143519Y (en) Exit guide device
CN216829521U (en) Convenient adjustable horizontal pressure top-mounted device
KR20130023883A (en) Apparatus for separating spindle of rolling machine
CN212706564U (en) lZ series roller bearing dismounting tool
CN211867660U (en) Disassembling and assembling device for pin shaft of walking chain link of excavator
CN214158660U (en) Filter plate balance pulley device and diaphragm plate-and-frame filter press
CN206117429U (en) Dc motor's high reliability constant voltage spring brush yoke subassembly
CN211100801U (en) Plate strip guiding device
CN221018301U (en) Connecting piece stamping equipment convenient to maintain
CN215195577U (en) Improved frame for plate-frame filter press
CN219705081U (en) Dismounting device
CN210676371U (en) High-speed line workshop guide mechanism of steel rolling mill
CN216622201U (en) Chain plate fault online detection device for loosening setting machine
CN210731696U (en) Stable form frock clamp
CN201735599U (en) Finished product conduit supporting device for cold pilgering mill
CN204647080U (en) Planer-type binary break
CN201399670Y (en) Belt conveyer rotary drum overhauling special dismounting device
CN220372220U (en) Follow-on lathe follow-up rest

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
CB02 Change of applicant information

Address after: 621007 Yanghe Village, Sanhe Town, Jiangyou City, Mianyang City, Sichuan Province

Applicant after: Sichuan Liuhe Special Metal Materials Co.,Ltd.

Address before: 621007 West Section of Baolun Road, Henan Industrial Park, Jiangyou City, Mianyang City, Sichuan Province

Applicant before: SICHUAN LIUHE FORGING Co.,Ltd.

CB02 Change of applicant information
GR01 Patent grant