Fixed pincers of orthopedics
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of orthopedic instruments, in particular to an orthopedic fixing clamp.
Background
At present, a screw fixation reduction method is often adopted when the human body fractures, a fixing clamp is used for clamping and fixing during the operation, and then reduction and fixation are carried out through screws, and in the fixing clamp, two radians are generally arranged at a jaw at one side for bones with different shapes; and these two arcs are kept silent along the length direction setting of pincers, not only can increase the whole length of pincers, make the operation more difficult, and two distances of keeping silent to the fulcrum differ great moreover, and when keeping silent the operation to the difference, the dynamics is difficult to hold, makes the wounded cause the secondary injury easily.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide the orthopaedics fixing clamp which is convenient to use aiming at the defects and shortcomings of the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the invention relates to an orthopedic fixing clamp, which comprises two clamp handles, a rotating shaft and a U-shaped plate; the handle bodies of the two forceps handles are hinged with the rotating shaft; the tail ends of the two forceps handles are respectively fixed with a lower arc-shaped forceps head and an upper arc-shaped forceps head;
a shell is arranged on the outer side wall of the upper arc-shaped tong head; a rectangular guide cavity is formed in the inner side surface of the shell; the inner cavity of the rectangular guide cavity is provided with a small-diameter binding clip; the inner side surface of the small-diameter tong head is in an arc shape; the inner circle radius of the small-diameter binding clip is less than that of the upper arc-shaped binding clip; the thickness of the small-diameter tong head is equal to the height of the rectangular guide cavity; the width of the small-diameter tong head is equal to that of the rectangular guide cavity; the small-diameter tong head is connected with the rectangular guide cavity in a sliding manner;
a first screw is fixed on the outer side wall of the small-diameter tong head; the tail end of the first screw rod extends out of the rectangular guide cavity to the outside of the shell; the top surface of the shell is provided with a strip-shaped through hole; a circular plate is arranged inside the strip-shaped through hole; an internal thread hole matched with the first screw is formed in the rotation center of the circular plate; the first screw rod is in threaded connection with the internal thread hole;
a first guide groove is formed in the rod body of the first screw rod; the first guide groove is arranged along the axial direction of the first screw rod; a first guide block is arranged on the outer side wall of the shell; the width of the first guide block is equal to that of the first guide groove; the first guide block is inserted into the first guide groove;
the two inner side surfaces of the U-shaped plate are respectively fixedly connected with the two ends of the rotating shaft; a second screw is fixed at the bottom of the U-shaped plate; a sliding sleeve and a positioning sleeve are sleeved outside the rod body of the second screw rod; the sliding sleeve is arranged between the U-shaped plate and the positioning sleeve; the two forceps handles are respectively provided with a support rod; the two support rods are symmetrically arranged on the sliding sleeve; one end of the supporting rod is hinged with the sliding sleeve; the other end of the supporting rod is hinged with the forceps handle; the sliding sleeve is fixedly connected with the positioning sleeve;
a second guide groove is formed in the rod body of the second screw rod; the second guide groove is arranged along the axial direction of the second screw rod; a second guide block is arranged in the inner cavity of the sliding sleeve; the width of the second guide block is equal to that of the second guide groove; the second guide block is inserted into the second guide groove; an open slot is formed in the outer side wall of the positioning sleeve; a swing rod is arranged inside the open slot; the rod body of the swing rod is hinged with the inner side wall of the open slot; a second spring is fixed at one end of the oscillating bar; two ends of the second spring are respectively pressed between the rod body of the swing rod and the inner bottom wall of the open slot; the other end of the swing rod is provided with a sharp blade; the sharp blade is inserted into the thread groove of the second screw.
Furthermore, a first spring is sleeved outside the rod body of the second screw rod; and two ends of the first spring are respectively pressed between the sliding sleeve and the U-shaped plate.
Further, a limiting ring is fixed at the tail end of the second screw rod.
Furthermore, the tail end of the lower arc-shaped tong head, the tail end of the upper arc-shaped tong head and two ends of the small-diameter tong head are all provided with hemispherical surfaces.
After adopting the structure, the invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the orthopedic fixing forceps, the handle bodies of the two forceps handles are hinged with the rotating shaft; the tail ends of the two forceps handles are respectively fixed with a lower arc-shaped forceps head and an upper arc-shaped forceps head; the outer side wall of the upper arc-shaped tong head is provided with a shell; a rectangular guide cavity is arranged on the inner side surface of the shell; the inner cavity of the rectangular guide cavity is provided with a small-diameter binding clip; the inner side surface of the small-diameter tong head is in a circular arc shape; the radius of the inner circle of the small-diameter binding clip is less than that of the inner circle of the upper arc-shaped binding clip; the thickness of the small-diameter tong head is equal to the height of the rectangular guide cavity; the width of the small-diameter tong head is equal to that of the rectangular guide cavity; the small-diameter tong head is connected with the rectangular guide cavity in a sliding manner; the outer side wall of the small-diameter tong head is fixedly provided with a first screw; the tail end of the first screw rod extends out of the rectangular guide cavity to the outside of the shell; the top surface of the shell is provided with a strip-shaped through hole; a circular plate is arranged inside the strip-shaped through hole; an internal thread hole matched with the first screw is arranged on the rotation center of the circular plate; the first screw rod is in threaded connection with the internal thread hole; a first guide groove is formed in the rod body of the first screw rod; the first guide groove is arranged along the axial direction of the first screw rod; the outer side wall of the shell is provided with a first guide block; the width of the first guide block is equal to that of the first guide groove; the first guide block is inserted into the first guide groove; the two inner side surfaces of the U-shaped plate are respectively fixedly connected with the two ends of the rotating shaft; a second screw is fixed at the bottom of the U-shaped plate; a sliding sleeve and a positioning sleeve are sleeved outside the rod body of the second screw rod; the sliding sleeve is arranged between the U-shaped plate and the positioning sleeve; the two forceps handles are respectively provided with a support rod; the two support rods are symmetrically arranged on the sliding sleeve; one end of the supporting rod is hinged with the sliding sleeve; the other end of the supporting rod is hinged with the forceps handle; the sliding sleeve is fixedly connected with the positioning sleeve; a second guide groove is formed in the rod body of the second screw rod; the second guide groove is arranged along the axial direction of the second screw rod; a second guide block is arranged in the inner cavity of the sliding sleeve; the width of the second guide block is equal to that of the second guide groove; the second guide block is inserted into the second guide groove; an open slot is arranged on the outer side wall of the positioning sleeve; a swing rod is arranged inside the open slot; the rod body of the swing rod is hinged with the inner side wall of the open slot; one end of the swing rod is fixed with a second spring; two ends of the second spring are respectively pressed between the rod body of the swing rod and the inner bottom wall of the open slot; the other end of the swing rod is provided with a sharp blade; the sharp blade is inserted into the thread groove of the second screw. When the adjustable clamp is used, the sliding sleeve slides on the second screw rod to adjust the included angle between the two clamp handles, so that the upper clamp head and the lower clamp head are clamped on an affected part; then the swing rod is pushed by the elastic force of a second spring, so that the sharp knife edge is inserted into a thread groove of a second screw rod for positioning; the circular plate rotates on the first screw rod, and the first screw rod slides along the first guide groove in a directional mode, so that the small-diameter tong head extends out of or retracts into the rectangular guide cavity; this structure can carry out the centre gripping to human different positions, and it is more convenient to use, and the path binding clip can stretch out and draw back in the casing in addition, can shorten the overall length of fixed pincers, and the path binding clip is the same with the distance of last arc binding clip to the pivot simultaneously, uses this dynamics when the operation to grasp better, and it is more convenient to operate.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of section A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of portion B of FIG. 1;
description of reference numerals:
1. a forceps handle; 2. a lower arc-shaped binding clip; 3. an upper arc-shaped binding clip; 301. a housing;
301a, strip-shaped through holes; 301b, a rectangular guide cavity; 301c, a first guide block; 4. a first screw;
401. a first guide groove; 5. a circular plate; 501. an internally threaded bore; 6. a small-diameter binding clip; 7. a rotating shaft;
8. a U-shaped plate; 9. a first spring; 10. a second screw; 1001. a second guide groove;
11. a support bar; 12. a sliding sleeve; 1201. a second guide block; 13. a positioning sleeve;
1301. an open slot; 14. a second spring; 15. a swing rod; 1501. a sharp blade; 16. a limit ring.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the orthopedic fixation forceps of the present invention comprises two forceps handles 1, a rotating shaft 7 and a U-shaped plate 8; the handle bodies of the two forceps handles 1 are hinged with the rotating shaft 7; the tail ends of the two forceps handles 1 are respectively fixed with a lower arc-shaped forceps head 2 and an upper arc-shaped forceps head 3;
a shell 301 is arranged on the outer side wall of the upper arc-shaped tong head 3; a rectangular guide cavity 301b is formed in the inner side surface of the shell 301; the inner cavity of the rectangular guide cavity 301b is provided with a small-diameter binding clip 6; the inner side surface of the small-diameter binding clip 6 is in a circular arc shape; the inner circle radius of the small-diameter binding clip 6 is less than that of the upper arc-shaped binding clip 3; the thickness of the small-diameter tong head 6 is equal to the height of the rectangular guide cavity 301 b; the width of the small-diameter binding clip 6 is equal to that of the rectangular guide cavity 301 b; the small-diameter tong head 6 is connected with the rectangular guide cavity 301b in a sliding manner;
the outer side wall of the small-diameter tong head 6 is fixed with a first screw rod 4; the end of the first screw rod 4 extends out of the rectangular guide cavity 301b to the outside of the shell 301; the top surface of the shell 301 is provided with a strip-shaped through hole 301 a; a circular plate 5 is arranged inside the strip-shaped through hole 301 a; the turning center of the circular plate 5 is provided with an internal threaded hole 501 matched with the first screw 4; the first screw rod 4 is in threaded connection with the internal threaded hole 501;
a first guide groove 401 is arranged on the rod body of the first screw rod 4; the first guide groove 401 is arranged along the axial direction of the first screw rod 4; a first guide block 301c is arranged on the outer side wall of the shell 301; the width of the first guide block 301c is equal to the width of the first guide groove 401; the first guide block 301c is inserted into the first guide groove 401; the circular plate 5 rotates on the first screw rod 4, and the first screw rod 4 slides along the first guide groove 401 in a directional manner, so that the minor-diameter tong head 6 extends out of or retracts into the rectangular guide cavity 301 b;
the two inner side surfaces of the U-shaped plate 8 are respectively fixedly connected with the two ends of the rotating shaft 7; a second screw 10 is fixed at the bottom of the U-shaped plate 8; a sliding sleeve 12 and a positioning sleeve 13 are sleeved outside the rod body of the second screw rod 10; the sliding sleeve 12 is arranged between the U-shaped plate 8 and the positioning sleeve 13; the two forceps handles 1 are respectively provided with a support rod 11; the two support rods 11 are symmetrically arranged on the sliding sleeve 12; one end of the supporting rod 11 is hinged with the sliding sleeve 12; the other end of the supporting rod 11 is hinged with the forceps handle 1; the sliding sleeve 12 is fixedly connected with the positioning sleeve 13;
a second guide groove 1001 is formed in the body of the second screw 10; the second guide groove 1001 is provided along the axial direction of the second screw 10; a second guide block 1201 is arranged in the inner cavity of the sliding sleeve 12; the width of the second guide block 1201 is equal to the width of the second guide groove 1001; the second guide block 1201 is inserted into the second guide groove 1001; an open slot 1301 is arranged on the outer side wall of the positioning sleeve 13; a swing rod 15 is arranged in the open slot 1301; the rod body of the swing rod 15 is hinged with the inner side wall of the open slot 1301; a second spring 14 is fixed at one end of the swing rod 15; two ends of the second spring 14 are respectively pressed between the shaft of the swing rod 15 and the inner bottom wall of the open slot 1301; a sharp blade 1501 is arranged at the other end of the swing rod 15; the sharp blade 1501 is inserted into the thread groove of the second screw 10; the sliding sleeve 12 slides on the second screw rod 10 to adjust the included angle between the two forceps handles 1, so that the upper and lower forceps heads are clamped on the affected part; then, the swing rod 15 is pushed by the elastic force of the second spring 14, so that the sharp cutting edge 1501 is inserted into the thread groove of the second screw 10 for positioning; this structure can carry out the centre gripping to human different positions, and it is more convenient to use, and path binding clip 6 can stretch out and draw back in casing 301 in addition, can shorten the overall length of fixed pincers, and path binding clip 6 is the same with the distance of last arc binding clip 3 to the pivot simultaneously, uses this dynamics when the operation to better grasp, and it is more convenient to operate.
As a preferable mode of the present invention, a first spring 9 is externally sleeved on the shaft body of the second screw 10; two ends of the first spring 9 are respectively pressed between the sliding sleeve 12 and the U-shaped plate 8; the elasticity that first spring 9 provided makes sliding sleeve 12 slide along the terminal direction of second screw rod 10, and in the use, first spring 9 makes the preliminary self-holding of stationary dog in the wound, then pinpoints through sliding sleeve 12, and it is more convenient to use.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a retainer ring 16 is fixed to the end of the second screw 10.
As a preferable mode of the present invention, the tail end of the lower arc-shaped binding clip 2, the tail end of the upper arc-shaped binding clip 3, and both ends of the minor-diameter binding clip 6 are provided with hemispherical surfaces.
When the adjustable clamp is used, the sliding sleeve slides on the second screw rod to adjust the included angle between the two clamp handles, so that the upper clamp head and the lower clamp head are clamped on an affected part; then the swing rod is pushed by the elastic force of a second spring, so that the sharp knife edge is inserted into a thread groove of a second screw rod for positioning; the circular plate rotates on the first screw rod, and the first screw rod slides along the first guide groove in a directional mode, so that the small-diameter tong head extends out of or retracts into the rectangular guide cavity; the elastic force provided by the first spring enables the sliding sleeve to slide along the tail end direction of the second screw rod, and in the using process, the first spring enables the fixed clamp to be preliminarily and automatically clamped at the wound, and then the fixed clamp is accurately positioned through the sliding sleeve, so that the use is more convenient; this structure can carry out the centre gripping to human different positions, and it is more convenient to use, and the path binding clip can stretch out and draw back in the casing in addition, can shorten the overall length of fixed pincers, and the path binding clip is the same with the distance of last arc binding clip to the pivot simultaneously, uses this dynamics when the operation to grasp better, and it is more convenient to operate.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and all equivalent changes or modifications of the structure, characteristics and principles described in the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.