CN108809427B - Wave beam adjustable terahertz wireless communication system and communication method based on optical phase control - Google Patents
Wave beam adjustable terahertz wireless communication system and communication method based on optical phase control Download PDFInfo
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- CN108809427B CN108809427B CN201810348705.0A CN201810348705A CN108809427B CN 108809427 B CN108809427 B CN 108809427B CN 201810348705 A CN201810348705 A CN 201810348705A CN 108809427 B CN108809427 B CN 108809427B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/25—Arrangements specific to fibre transmission
- H04B10/2575—Radio-over-fibre, e.g. radio frequency signal modulated onto an optical carrier
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/29—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the position or the direction of light beams, i.e. deflection
- G02F1/292—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the position or the direction of light beams, i.e. deflection by controlled diffraction or phased-array beam steering
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/50—Transmitters
- H04B10/501—Structural aspects
- H04B10/503—Laser transmitters
- H04B10/505—Laser transmitters using external modulation
- H04B10/5059—Laser transmitters using external modulation using a feed-forward signal generated by analysing the optical or electrical input
- H04B10/50597—Laser transmitters using external modulation using a feed-forward signal generated by analysing the optical or electrical input to control the phase of the modulating signal
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/60—Receivers
- H04B10/61—Coherent receivers
- H04B10/616—Details of the electronic signal processing in coherent optical receivers
- H04B10/6163—Compensation of non-linear effects in the fiber optic link, e.g. self-phase modulation [SPM], cross-phase modulation [XPM], four wave mixing [FWM]
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention provides a beam-adjustable terahertz wireless communication system and method based on optical phase control, wherein the system comprises: the optical phase-shifting device comprises an optical splitter, an optical phase-shifting assembly, N polarization-maintaining optical couplers, N optical mixers and N antenna units; the method comprises the following steps: the optical splitter receives the optical modulation signal and splits the optical modulation signal into N paths of optical modulation signals; the optical phase shift assembly carries out phase adjustment on the optical modulation signal after being branched; the N polarization-maintaining optical couplers correspondingly couple the optical modulation signals after phase adjustment with the reference optical signals; the N optical mixers correspondingly convert optical signals into modulation signals of a terahertz frequency band; the N antenna units correspondingly receive and transmit modulation signals of the terahertz frequency band. The optical phase control-based beam-adjustable terahertz wireless communication system can reduce the loss of signals transmitted to an antenna and can support the change of data communication rate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wireless communication, in particular to a beam-adjustable terahertz wireless communication system and a communication method based on optical phase control.
Background
With the maturity of 4G mobile communication technology and the continuous development of mobile communication systems, low-frequency band spectrum resources are increasingly scarce, and the existing communication frequency bands and technologies are increasingly difficult to meet the increasing service requirements. In the terahertz frequency band, a large amount of idle spectrum resources still exist at present, and the spectrum resources enable the provision of wireless communication rate services of dozens of gigabits and even hundreds of gigabits.
The THz wave (terahertz wave) includes an electromagnetic wave having a frequency of 0.1 to 10 THz. The terahertz frequency band generally has an available bandwidth of tens of GHz, which means that an ultra-high transmission rate of tens to hundreds of gigabits can be provided, and a THz wave-based wireless communication system can be manufactured by utilizing the characteristics of THz waves.
For a terahertz communication system, the path loss of a high-frequency electromagnetic wave in a free space is large, and in order to overcome the large path loss, a high-gain antenna is often required, and the high-gain antenna will cause a beam to become narrow. The extremely narrow beam makes alignment between the transmitter and receiver difficult, and therefore, a practical terahertz communication system must have beam scanning capability. The beam direction can be changed by adjusting the feeding phase difference between the antennas, thereby realizing beam scanning.
In a conventional terahertz communication system, an electronic phase shifter is generally used to adjust a feed phase of an antenna. However, the electronic phase shifter needs to be disposed after the optical mixer of the system and before the antenna, the optical mixer is usually manufactured based on the photodiode, and the loss during the photoelectric conversion is large, and the loss of the electronic phase shifter is added, so that the loss of the signal transmitted to the antenna is larger.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention aims to provide a beam-adjustable terahertz wireless communication system and a beam-adjustable terahertz wireless communication method based on optical phase control, so that the loss of signals transmitted to an antenna in the terahertz communication system is reduced. The specific technical scheme is as follows:
in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an optical phase control-based beam-tunable terahertz wireless communication system, where the system includes: the optical phase-shifting device comprises an optical splitter, an optical phase-shifting assembly, N polarization-maintaining optical couplers, N optical mixers and N antenna units; n is an integer greater than 1;
the optical splitter is used for receiving the optical modulation signal and splitting the optical modulation signal into N paths of optical modulation signals;
the optical phase shift component is used for receiving the N paths of optical modulation signals and adjusting the phase of the optical modulation signals after being branched;
the N polarization-maintaining optical couplers are used for correspondingly receiving N paths of phase-adjusted optical modulation signals and coupling the phase-adjusted optical modulation signals with a reference optical signal;
the N optical mixers are used for correspondingly receiving N paths of coupled optical signals and converting the optical signals into modulation signals of a terahertz frequency band;
the N antenna units are used for correspondingly receiving the modulation signals of the terahertz frequency band and transmitting the modulation signals of the terahertz frequency band.
Optionally, the optical phase shift module includes N optical phase shifters, where the N optical phase shifters are configured to receive N optical modulation signals correspondingly and perform phase adjustment on the corresponding line optical modulation signals.
Optionally, the optical modulation signal is a modulation signal transmitted in one optical fiber by multiplexing through an optical multiplexer or an optical multiplexer.
Optionally, the apparatus further comprises: and the phase control module is used for inputting a control signal to the optical phase shift component and controlling the N optical phase shifters in the optical phase shift component.
Optionally, the phase control module is specifically configured to: and inputting a control signal to the optical phase shift component in an open-loop control mode or a closed-loop control mode to control the N optical phase shifters in the optical phase shift component.
In a second aspect, the embodiment of the invention provides a beam-adjustable terahertz wireless communication method based on optical phase control, which includes:
the optical splitter receives the optical modulation signal and splits the optical modulation signal into N paths of optical modulation signals;
the optical phase shift component receives the N paths of optical modulation signals and carries out phase adjustment on the optical modulation signals after the optical modulation signals are branched;
the N polarization maintaining optical couplers correspondingly receive N paths of optical modulation signals after phase adjustment and couple the optical modulation signals after phase adjustment with reference optical signals;
the N optical mixers correspondingly receive the N paths of optical signals after coupling and convert the optical signals into modulation signals of a terahertz frequency band;
and the N antenna units correspondingly receive the modulation signals of the terahertz frequency band and transmit the modulation signals of the terahertz frequency band, wherein N is an integer greater than 1.
Optionally, the optical phase shift module includes N optical phase shifters, where the optical phase shift module receives N optical modulation signals and performs phase adjustment on the optical modulation signal after being split, and the method specifically includes:
n optical phase shifters in the optical phase shift module correspondingly receive the N optical modulation signals and perform phase adjustment on the corresponding line optical modulation signals.
Optionally, the optical modulation signal is a modulation signal transmitted in one optical fiber by multiplexing through an optical multiplexer or an optical multiplexer.
Optionally, before the optical phase shift module receives the N paths of optical modulation signals and performs phase adjustment on the split optical modulation signals, the method further includes:
the phase control module inputs a control signal to the optical phase shift component to control the N optical phase shifters in the optical phase shift component.
Optionally, the phase control module inputs a control signal to the optical phase shift module to control N optical phase shifters in the optical phase shift module, and specifically includes:
and the phase control module inputs a control signal to the optical phase shift component in an open-loop control mode or a closed-loop control mode to control the N optical phase shifters in the optical phase shift component.
According to the optical phase-controlled beam-adjustable terahertz wireless communication system and the optical phase-controlled beam-adjustable terahertz wireless communication method, the optical splitter splits the multiplexed optical modulation signal into multiple paths of optical modulation signals, the optical phase-shifting assembly is arranged in front of each path of optical mixer, so that the phase of the optical signal can be adjusted before the optical mixer converts the optical signal into the modulation signal in the terahertz frequency band, and the phase of the modulation signal in the terahertz frequency band is not required to be adjusted after the optical mixer converts the optical signal into the modulation signal in the terahertz frequency band, so that loss of an electronic phase shifter to the electric signal during phase adjustment is avoided, and loss of the signal transmitted to an antenna is reduced. Of course, it is not necessary for any product or method of practicing the invention to achieve all of the above-described advantages at the same time.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a beam-tunable terahertz wireless communication system based on optical phase control according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a beam-tunable terahertz wireless communication system based on optical phase control according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a method for terahertz wireless communication based on optical phase control and beam tuning provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
And for a terahertz frequency band with higher frequency, the terahertz frequency band has larger available bandwidth. In order to generate an ultra-high speed signal at a terahertz frequency, one of the mainstream methods at present is to generate a high-rate optical signal by using a mature modulation method of optical fiber communication, and then convert the optical signal into a terahertz wave through a special photodiode to be emitted. However, since the free space path loss of the terahertz wave is larger, the beam is narrower to achieve higher gain, and thus the practical terahertz communication system inevitably requires the beam to be adjustable. This requires the system to be able to control the feeding phase of each antenna element.
In the current terahertz wireless communication system, beam scanning is generally realized by a phased array antenna. For a linear phased array, the following relationship exists between the feed phase difference Δ φ between each adjacent antenna element, and the direction θ of the beam formed by the antenna array:
where d is the antenna element spacing and λ is the wavelength. Therefore, the beam direction can be changed by adjusting the feeding phase difference delta phi between the antennas, and beam scanning is realized. The feeding phase of each antenna element can be controlled in a given manner during baseband digital signal processing, and can also be controlled by a radio frequency analog phase shifter.
The embodiment of the invention provides a beam-adjustable terahertz wireless communication system based on optical phase control, which comprises an optical splitter 1, an optical phase-shift component 2, N polarization-maintaining optical couplers 3, N optical mixers 4 and N antenna units 5, as shown in FIG. 1. Wherein N is an integer greater than 1.
The optical splitter 1 is used for receiving the optical modulation signal and splitting the optical modulation signal into N paths of optical modulation signals. In a specific embodiment, the optical modulation signal may be a modulation signal transmitted in one optical fiber by multiplexing through an optical multiplexer or an optical multiplexer.
And the optical phase shift component 2 is used for receiving the N paths of optical modulation signals and adjusting the phase of the optical modulation signals after being branched. The wavelengths of the N optical modulation signals may be the same.
As a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the optical phase shift module 2 may include N optical phase shifters 6, where the N optical phase shifters 6 are configured to correspondingly receive N optical modulation signals and perform phase adjustment on the corresponding line optical modulation signals. In the embodiment of the present invention, the optical phase shift component 2 may be formed by an existing thermally tuned optical phase shifter or other types of optical phase shift devices, wherein the optical phase shifter 6 may include a real time delay circuit, and therefore the optical phase shift component 2 may be regarded as an optical phase shift network formed by a plurality of real time delay circuits.
And each of the N polarization maintaining optical couplers 3 is configured to correspondingly receive the N paths of phase-adjusted optical modulation signals, and couple the phase-adjusted optical modulation signals with the reference optical signal, so as to obtain a desired terahertz frequency.
And each optical mixer 4 is used for correspondingly receiving the optical signals coupled by the N paths of channels and converting the optical signals into modulation signals of the terahertz frequency band. The optical mixer 4 may be a Uni-tracking-carrier photonic diode (UTC-PD).
And each antenna unit 5 is used for correspondingly receiving the modulation signal of the terahertz frequency band and transmitting the modulation signal of the terahertz frequency band.
As a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, the system may further include a phase control module 7, configured to input a control signal to the optical phase shifting component, so as to control the N optical phase shifters in the optical phase shifting component. The phase control module 7 can be obtained by programming a Programmable controller, for example, a DSP (digital signal processor) or an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array).
Alternatively, the phase control module 7 may control the phase of each optical phase shifter in an open-loop control manner, so as to specify the beam direction of each transmitting unit; the phase of each of the N optical phase shifters may also be controlled in a closed-loop control manner according to feedback information, such as the arrival angle of the signal, so as to specify the beam direction of each transmitting element.
According to the optical phase-controlled beam-adjustable terahertz wireless communication system, the splitter splits the multiplexed optical modulation signal into multiple paths of optical modulation signals, the optical phase shift assembly comprising the plurality of optical phase shifters is arranged in front of each path of optical mixer, so that the phase of the optical signals can be adjusted before the optical mixers convert the optical signals into the modulation signals in the terahertz frequency band, and the phase of the modulation signals in the terahertz frequency band is not required to be adjusted after the optical mixers convert the optical signals into the modulation signals in the terahertz frequency band, so that loss of the electronic phase shifters on the electric signals during phase adjustment is avoided, and loss of the signals transmitted to the antenna is reduced. In addition, the problem of how to control the phase of the high-speed broadband signal in the terahertz wireless communication system is solved, the function of adjusting the wave beam is further provided, and the wireless connection is convenient to establish and maintain. Compared with the current electronic phase-shifting mode, the method has the advantages that: 1. the photoelectric phase shifter has larger working bandwidth and can support higher data rate; 2. the optical phase-shift component developed by using the photoelectric integrated circuit technology has the advantages of small size, low power consumption and electromagnetic interference resistance.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a terahertz wireless communication method with adjustable wave beams based on optical phase control, as shown in fig. 3, the method comprises the following steps:
s201, the optical splitter receives the optical modulation signal and splits the optical modulation signal into N paths of optical modulation signals.
The optical modulation signal received by the optical splitter may be a signal modulated by an optical modulator, for example, a signal modulated in intensity, refractive index, absorption rate, or amplitude of an optical signal, and may be a modulation signal multiplexed in one optical fiber by an optical multiplexer or an optical multiplexer. Specifically, the optical splitter may split the received optical modulation signal into N optical modulation signals.
S202, the optical phase shift assembly receives the N paths of optical modulation signals and carries out phase adjustment on the optical modulation signals after the optical modulation signals are branched.
The optical phase shifting component may adjust the phase of the received optical signal, thereby adjusting the beam direction of the signal.
As a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the optical phase shift module 2 may include N optical phase shifters 6, where the N optical phase shifters 6 may correspondingly receive N optical modulation signals and perform phase adjustment on the corresponding line optical modulation signals. In the embodiment of the present invention, the optical phase shift module 2 may be formed by an existing thermo-optic phase shifter or other types of optical phase shift devices. The optical signal can be input from the input end of each optical phase shifter, and then output from the output end of each phase shifter after being subjected to phase adjustment.
As an optional implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, before the optical phase shift component performs phase adjustment on the optical modulation signal after being split, a control signal may be input to the optical phase shift component through the phase control module to control the N optical phase shifters in the optical phase shift component.
Alternatively, the phase control module 7 may control the phases of the N optical phase shifters in an open-loop control manner, so as to specify the beam direction of each transmitting unit; the phase of each of the N optical phase shifters may also be controlled in a closed-loop control manner according to feedback information, such as the arrival angle of the signal, so as to specify the beam direction of each transmitting element.
And S203, the N polarization-maintaining optical couplers correspondingly receive the N paths of phase-adjusted optical modulation signals and couple the phase-adjusted optical modulation signals with the reference optical signal.
The optical modulation signal and the reference optical carrier signal can be coupled through a polarization-maintaining optical coupler, so that a desired terahertz frequency can be obtained.
And S204, correspondingly receiving the N paths of coupled optical signals by the N optical mixers, and converting the optical signals into modulation signals of the terahertz frequency band.
In the embodiment of the present invention, each optical mixer may convert each path of coupled optical carrier signal into a single carrier modulation signal of a terahertz frequency band, and the optical mixer may be, for example: UTC-PD.
S205, the N antenna units correspondingly receive the modulation signals of the terahertz frequency band and transmit the modulation signals of the terahertz frequency band.
In the embodiment of the invention, each antenna unit can transmit the single carrier modulation signal of each terahertz frequency band to the free space.
After the antenna unit transmits a single carrier modulation signal of a terahertz frequency band, the signal can be received by the conventional receiver, and the signal is processed by devices in the receiver, such as a low-noise amplifier, a down converter, a digital signal processing chip and the like.
According to the optical phase control-based beam-adjustable terahertz wireless communication method, the splitter splits the multiplexed optical modulation signal into multiple paths of optical modulation signals, the optical phase shift assembly performs phase shift adjustment on the split optical modulation signals, so that the phase of the optical signals can be adjusted before the optical mixer converts the optical signals into the modulation signals in the terahertz frequency band, and the phase of the modulation signals in the terahertz frequency band is not required to be adjusted after the optical mixer converts the optical signals into the modulation signals in the terahertz frequency band, so that loss of an electronic phase shifter to the electric signals during phase shift is avoided, and loss of the signals transmitted to an antenna is reduced.
It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
All the embodiments in the present specification are described in a related manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments may be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. In particular, for the system embodiment, since it is substantially similar to the method embodiment, the description is simple, and for the relevant points, reference may be made to the partial description of the method embodiment.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. An optical phase control-based beam-tunable terahertz wireless communication system, characterized in that the system comprises: the optical phase-shifting device comprises an optical splitter, an optical phase-shifting assembly, N polarization-maintaining optical couplers, N optical mixers and N antenna units; n is an integer greater than 1;
the optical splitter is used for receiving the optical modulation signal and splitting the optical modulation signal into N paths of optical modulation signals;
the optical phase shift component is used for receiving the N paths of optical modulation signals and adjusting the phase of the optical modulation signals after being branched;
the N polarization-maintaining optical couplers are used for correspondingly receiving N paths of phase-adjusted optical modulation signals and coupling the phase-adjusted optical modulation signals with a reference optical signal;
the N optical mixers are used for correspondingly receiving N paths of coupled optical signals and converting the optical signals into modulation signals of a terahertz frequency band;
the N antenna units are used for correspondingly receiving the modulation signals of the terahertz frequency band and transmitting the modulation signals of the terahertz frequency band.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the optical phase shifting component comprises N optical phase shifters configured to receive N corresponding optical modulation signals and to phase adjust the corresponding line optical modulation signals.
3. The system of claim 2, further comprising: and the phase control module is used for inputting a control signal to the optical phase shift component and controlling the N optical phase shifters in the optical phase shift component.
4. The system of claim 3, wherein the phase control module is specifically configured to: and inputting a control signal to the optical phase shift component in an open-loop control mode or a closed-loop control mode to control the N optical phase shifters in the optical phase shift component.
5. An optical phase control-based beam-tunable terahertz wireless communication method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the optical splitter receives the optical modulation signal and splits the optical modulation signal into N paths of optical modulation signals;
the optical phase shift component receives the N paths of optical modulation signals and carries out phase adjustment on the optical modulation signals after the optical modulation signals are branched;
the N polarization maintaining optical couplers correspondingly receive N paths of optical modulation signals after phase adjustment and couple the optical modulation signals after phase adjustment with reference optical signals;
the N optical mixers correspondingly receive the N paths of optical signals after coupling and convert the optical signals into modulation signals of a terahertz frequency band;
and the N antenna units correspondingly receive the modulation signals of the terahertz frequency band and transmit the modulation signals of the terahertz frequency band, wherein N is an integer greater than 1.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the optical phase shift module comprises N optical phase shifters, and the optical phase shift module receives N optical modulation signals and performs phase adjustment on the split optical modulation signals, and specifically comprises:
n optical phase shifters in the optical phase shift module correspondingly receive the N optical modulation signals and perform phase adjustment on the corresponding line optical modulation signals.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein before the optical phase shift module receives the N optical modulation signals and performs the phase adjustment on the split optical modulation signals, the method further comprises:
the phase control module inputs a control signal to the optical phase shift component to control the N optical phase shifters in the optical phase shift component.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the phase control module inputs a control signal to the optical phase shift module to control N optical phase shifters of the optical phase shift module, and specifically comprises:
and the phase control module inputs a control signal to the optical phase shift component in an open-loop control mode or a closed-loop control mode to control the N optical phase shifters in the optical phase shift component.
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