CN108806420B - Multifunctional mechanics experimental device - Google Patents
Multifunctional mechanics experimental device Download PDFInfo
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- CN108806420B CN108806420B CN201810702499.9A CN201810702499A CN108806420B CN 108806420 B CN108806420 B CN 108806420B CN 201810702499 A CN201810702499 A CN 201810702499A CN 108806420 B CN108806420 B CN 108806420B
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- G09B23/00—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
- G09B23/06—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for physics
- G09B23/08—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for physics for statics or dynamics
- G09B23/10—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for physics for statics or dynamics of solid bodies
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multifunctional mechanics experimental device which comprises a base, an operation controller, a motor, a rotating arm and a steel ball, wherein a tension measuring module is arranged on the rotating arm; a winding motor and a tension measuring wheel are arranged in the tension measuring module, a pull wire is fixed on the winding wheel, and the pull wire bypasses the tension measuring wheel and extends out of the tension measuring module and then is connected with a connector; the upper surface of the rotating arm is provided with scales; the upper surface of the rotating arm is provided with a slot for inserting the friction plate; the rotating arm is hinged with the rotating shaft, and a locking knob is arranged at the hinged joint; a through hole is vertically formed in the rear end of the rotating arm, a photoelectric sensor is arranged on one side wall of the through hole, and a notch is formed in the side wall corresponding to the photoelectric sensor; a transparent plastic belt can pass through the through hole and is divided into a plurality of distance sections by the black lines. The invention integrates various experimental devices, and has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation and low cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a multifunctional mechanics experimental device.
Background
In the physical teaching process, various mechanical demonstration experimental devices such as a centripetal force demonstration instrument, a gravity acceleration measuring device, a friction force measuring device, a tension measuring device, an object weighing device and the like are required. Therefore, the laboratory needs to be equipped with a plurality of instruments and equipment, which not only occupies space, but also has higher cost for purchasing a plurality of sets of equipment. At present, a mechanical experiment device which integrates various experiment devices, is simple in structure, convenient to operate and low in cost is not provided.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a multifunctional mechanical experiment device which integrates multiple experiment devices into a whole, has a simple structure, is convenient to operate and has low cost.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a multifunctional mechanics experimental device comprises a base, an operation controller, a motor, a rotating arm and a steel ball, wherein the motor is arranged on the base, the motor is in driving connection with a vertically arranged rotating shaft, the upper end of the rotating shaft is provided with the rotating arm, the rotating arm is provided with a tension measuring module, and the operation controller is provided with a motor speed adjusting button and a motor starting and stopping button;
a winding motor and a tension measuring wheel are arranged in the tension measuring module, the output end of the winding motor is connected with the winding wheel, the tension measuring wheel is positioned behind the winding wheel, a pull wire is fixed on the winding wheel, the pull wire bypasses the tension measuring wheel and extends out of the tension measuring module and then is connected with a connector, and a connecting point corresponding to the connector is arranged on the steel ball; the operation controller is provided with a display screen for displaying the tension value of the tension measuring wheel and the rotating speed of the motor;
scales are arranged on the upper surface of the rotating arm; the upper surface of the rotating arm is provided with a slot for inserting a friction plate;
the rotating arm is hinged with the rotating shaft, and a locking knob is arranged at the hinged joint;
a through hole is vertically formed in the rear end of the rotating arm, a photoelectric sensor is arranged on one side wall of the through hole, and a notch is formed in the side wall corresponding to the photoelectric sensor; a transparent plastic belt can pass through the through hole, and the transparent plastic belt is divided into a plurality of distance sections by black lines arranged at equal intervals; and a display screen for recording the interval time of the photoelectric sensor detecting the two adjacent black lines is arranged on the operation controller.
Further, the display screen for recording the interval time between the two adjacent black lines detected by the photoelectric sensor comprises a digital table and a time display screen positioned below the digital table, and the numbers in the digital table are the labels of the distance sections on the plastic belt.
Furthermore, a weighing disc is arranged on the tension measuring module, and a weighing display is arranged on the operation controller.
Furthermore, the tension measuring wheel comprises a wheel body, an installation frame and a tension sensor, wherein the wheel body is arranged on the installation frame through a rotating shaft, and the rear end of the installation frame is fixedly connected with the tension sensor.
Furthermore, an upward inclined rod body is arranged at the front end of the base, and the operation controller is fixed on the rod body.
Furthermore, the connector is a bolt, and the connection point is a threaded hole matched with the bolt; an arc-shaped through hole is formed in the bolt cap of the connector.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the centripetal force demonstration device is integrated with the centripetal force demonstration device, the friction force measuring device, the weighing device, the gravity acceleration device and the like, and the centripetal force demonstration device is simple in structure, convenient to operate and low in cost.
The tension measuring device for measuring the centripetal force and the friction force is shared by skillfully arranging the winding motor and the tension measuring wheel, and the rotating arm is designed into a structure capable of being inserted into a friction plate, so that the sliding plates with different friction forces can be replaced according to requirements when the friction force is measured.
The back end of the rotating arm is provided with a photoelectric sensor, the transparent plastic belt designed by the invention can be used for calculating the gravity acceleration in an experiment, and each short-distance time display screen is arranged on the operation controller, so that the short-distance time of movement can be intuitively read; compared with the method for measuring the gravity acceleration by using the dotting timer, the method has the advantages of convenience, rapidness and visual data.
Be provided with the dish of weighing on the tensile force measurement module, can conveniently weigh the quality of steel ball and other small objects, improved the convenience of experiment operation.
The rocking arm is connected with the pivot is articulated, can vertically place the rocking arm, utilizes pulling force measuring module to measure pulling force and object to weigh, has realized a tractor serves several purposes.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of portion A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a side view of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the present invention showing the use state of the tension measuring module for measuring the gravity of an object;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the present invention showing the use of friction force measurement;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional structural view of a rotating arm of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the present invention showing the use state of the device for measuring the gravitational acceleration of an object;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a transparent plastic tape of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the installation of the locking knob 41 of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a tension measuring module according to the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the tension measuring wheel assembly of the present invention;
in the figure, a base 1, a bearing seat 11, a rod body 12, an operation controller 2, a display screen 21, a motor 3, a rotating arm 4, a locking knob 41, an ear hole plate 42, a threaded hole 421, a scale 43, a slot 44, a groove 45, a through hole 46, a notch 47, a steel ball 5, a rotating shaft 6, a driving belt wheel 61, a bearing 62, a connecting plate 63, a tension measuring module 7, a tension measuring wheel 71, a winding wheel 72, a connecting head 73, an S-shaped hook 731, an arc-shaped through hole 732, a mounting frame 74, a tension sensor 75, a weighing disc 76, a pull wire 77, a friction plate 8, a photoelectric sensor 9, a transparent plastic belt 10, a black line 101 and a distance section 102 are arranged.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the present invention, embodiments thereof are explained in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 11, the present invention includes a base 1, an operation controller 2, a motor 3, a rotating arm 4, and a steel ball 5. As shown in fig. 3, the motor 3 is vertically disposed on the base 1, the rotating shaft 6 is vertically disposed on the base 1, a driving pulley 61 is disposed at the bottom of the rotating shaft 6, the output end of the motor 3 is connected to the driving pulley 61 below the rotating shaft 6 through a driving belt, a bearing seat 11 is disposed on the base 1, and the lower portion of the rotating shaft 6 is disposed on the base 1 through a bearing 62 located in the bearing seat 11. The upper end of the rotating shaft 6 is hinged to the rotating arm 4, the rotating arm 4 can rotate up and down by taking a hinged connection point as a center through hinged connection, as shown in fig. 1, a locking knob 41 is arranged at the hinged connection position, as shown in fig. 9, two ear hole plates 42 are arranged at the lower end of the rotating arm 4, a connecting plate 63 positioned between the two ear hole plates 42 is arranged at the upper end of the rotating shaft 6, the locking knob 41 is a bolt, a threaded hole 421 is arranged on one ear hole plate 42, the bolt sequentially penetrates through the through holes of the ear hole plates 42 and the connecting plate 63 and then enters the threaded hole 421 of the other ear hole plate, of course, the two ear hole plates 42 are made of elastic plastics and can be extruded and deformed when the locking knob 41 is screwed. The swivel arm 4 can be fixed at a certain angle by a locking knob 41. A tension measuring module 7 is arranged on the rotating arm 4, and a speed adjusting button of the motor 3, a start-stop button of the motor 3 and a forward and reverse rotation button of the winding motor are arranged on the operation controller 2. An upward inclined rod body 12 is arranged at the front end of the base 1, and the operation controller 2 is fixed on the rod body 12. The motor 3, the winding motor, the tension sensor 75, the sensor of the electronic scale and the photoelectric sensor 9 are respectively electrically connected with the operation controller 2, and various buttons are arranged on the operation controller 2 and used for operating the actions of the motor 3, the winding motor and the like and displaying various numerical parameters. The motor 3 is provided with a rotating speed measuring module, the rotating speed measuring module is in the prior art, can be a counting sensor for measuring the rotating speed of an output shaft of the motor, and can also adopt a pulse generation circuit simulation structure, the rotating speed measuring module is connected with the operation controller 2, and the rotating speed is displayed on the operation controller 2. For the display screen on the operation controller 2, a whole block of LCD screen can be used, and each numerical parameter is displayed in regions. Or an LED nixie tube display screen is adopted, and a small display screen is adopted for each parameter value.
As shown in fig. 10, a winding motor and a tension measuring wheel 71 are arranged in the tension measuring module 7, an output end of the winding motor is connected with the winding wheel 72, the tension measuring wheel 71 is located behind the winding wheel 72, a pull wire 77 is fixed on the winding wheel 72, the pull wire 77 bypasses the tension measuring wheel 71 and extends out of the tension measuring module 7 and then is connected with a connector 73, and the connector 73 can be a hook. If the connector 73 with a bolt structure is adopted, the connection point is that a threaded hole matched with the bolt is arranged on the steel ball, so that the connector is directly screwed into the threaded hole when being connected with the steel ball.
In order to conveniently hang an object when measuring the gravity of the object, an arc-shaped through hole 732 is formed in a cap of the connection head 73 of the bolt structure, and when hanging the object, one end of an S-shaped hook 731 passes through the arc-shaped through hole 732, and the other end hangs the object. And a display screen for displaying the tension value of the tension measuring wheel 71 and the rotating speed of the motor 3 is arranged on the operation controller. As for the arrangement of the tension measuring wheel 71, as shown in fig. 11, a tension sensor 75 is connected behind the mounting bracket 74 of the tension measuring wheel 71. The tension sensor 75 is in signal connection with the operation controller 2. Note that, as shown in fig. 10, the wires 77 located above and below the tension measuring wheel 71 are parallel. The tension measuring wheel 71 is located right above the rotating shaft 6 and is used as a central point of the circular motion of the steel ball during the centripetal force measurement. The tension measuring module 7 is provided with a weighing plate 76, the structure of the weighing plate 76 is the same as that of the existing electronic scale, and a weighing sensor of the weighing plate 76 is in signal connection with the operation controller 2. The output shaft end of the winding motor is provided with a tachometer for measuring the rotational speed of the winding motor and converting the rotational speed into the linear movement speed of the stay wire 77, and the operation controller 2 is provided with a display screen for displaying the speed.
In order to conveniently measure the rotation radius of the steel ball when the centripetal force is measured, the upper surface of the rotating arm 4 is provided with a scale 43. The upper surface of the rotating arm 4 is provided with an insertion groove 44 for inserting the friction plate 8. Specifically, as shown in fig. 6, a groove 45 is provided on the pivot arm 4, and insertion grooves 44 are provided on the left and right sides of the groove 45. The friction plate 8 may be inserted from the front end of the rotating arm 4.
A through hole 46 is vertically formed at the rear end of the rotating arm 4, a photoelectric sensor 9 is arranged on one side wall of the through hole 46, and a notch 47 is formed in the side wall corresponding to the photoelectric sensor 9. A transparent plastic tape 10 can pass through the through hole 46, and the transparent plastic tape 10 is divided into several distance segments 102 by black lines 101 arranged at equal intervals. A display screen 21 for recording the interval time between the two adjacent black lines 101 detected by the photoelectric sensor is arranged on the operation controller 2. A clock chip is provided in the operation controller 2 for recording the time when the photosensor 9 detects the adjacent black line 101.
The display screen 21 for recording the interval time between two adjacent black lines detected by the photoelectric sensor is positioned at the right side of the operation controller and comprises a digital table and a time display screen positioned below the digital table, and the numbers in the digital table are the labels of the distance sections on the plastic strip. As shown in fig. 1, 12 digital tables of 1-12 are drawn, and below each digital table is an LED electronic display screen (time display screen). On the left side of the operation controller 2 are a tension display screen of the tension measuring wheel 71, a motor pull rope movement speed and a weighing display.
The using method of the invention is as follows:
as a centripetal force demonstration device: as shown in fig. 3, the connector 73 is connected to the steel ball 5, the winding motor reverse rotation button is pressed, the pull wire 77 with a proper length is pulled out, the length of the pull wire 77 is read, the rotation speed of the motor 3 is set, the start button of the motor 3 is pressed, and the rotation arm 4 starts to rotate. The value of the tension measuring wheel is displayed on the display screen of the operation controller 2.
As a gravity measuring device: as shown in fig. 4, the rotating arm 4 is adjusted to be vertical, the S-shaped hook 731 is hung in the arc-shaped through hole 732 of the connecting head 73, and the tension value applied to the tension measuring wheel can be displayed on the display screen of the operation controller 2 by hanging the weight to be measured at the lower end of the S-shaped hook 731.
As a friction force measuring device: as shown in fig. 5, the direction of the rotating arm 4 is adjusted, the required friction plate 8 is inserted into the slot 44 of the rotating arm 4, then the connector 73 is connected with the friction block, the forward rotation button of the winding motor is pressed, the winding motor uniformly winds the pull wire 77, and the pulling force applied by the pulling force measuring wheel is displayed on the display screen of the operation controller 2.
As a device for measuring gravitational acceleration: as shown in fig. 7, the apparatus is placed near the desk, the transparent plastic tape 10 is passed through the through hole 46, and a heavy object is fixed on the lower end of the transparent plastic tape 10, at this time, the switch of the photo sensor is turned on, and then the transparent plastic tape 10 is released to allow it to fall freely, and the photo sensor records the time that two adjacent black lines 101 pass (i.e., the time that the transparent plastic tape 10 moves for a distance segment 102) and correspondingly displays the time under the digital table of the display screen 21 of the operation controller 2.
Claims (6)
1. A multifunctional mechanics experimental device comprises a base, an operation controller, a motor, a rotating arm and a steel ball, wherein the motor is arranged on the base, the motor is in driving connection with a vertically arranged rotating shaft, the upper end of the rotating shaft is provided with the rotating arm, the rotating arm is provided with a tension measuring module, and the operation controller is provided with a motor speed adjusting button and a motor starting and stopping button;
the method is characterized in that: a winding motor and a tension measuring wheel are arranged in the tension measuring module, the output end of the winding motor is connected with the winding wheel, the tension measuring wheel is positioned behind the winding wheel, a pull wire is fixed on the winding wheel, the pull wire bypasses the tension measuring wheel and extends out of the tension measuring module and then is connected with a connector, and a connecting point corresponding to the connector is arranged on the steel ball; the operation controller is provided with a display screen for displaying the tension value of the tension measuring wheel and the motor rotating speed on the base;
scales are arranged on the upper surface of the rotating arm; the upper surface of the rotating arm is provided with a slot for inserting a friction plate;
the rotating arm is hinged with the rotating shaft, and a locking knob is arranged at the hinged joint;
a through hole is vertically formed in the rear end of the rotating arm, a photoelectric sensor is arranged on one side wall of the through hole, and a notch is formed in the side wall corresponding to the photoelectric sensor; a transparent plastic belt can pass through the through hole, and the transparent plastic belt is divided into a plurality of distance sections by black lines arranged at equal intervals; and a display screen for recording the interval time of the photoelectric sensor detecting the two adjacent black lines is arranged on the operation controller.
2. The multifunctional mechanics experimental device according to claim 1, wherein said display screen for recording the time interval between two adjacent black lines detected by the photoelectric sensor comprises a digital table and a time display screen positioned below the digital table, and the numbers in the digital table are the labels of the distance segments on the plastic strip.
3. The multifunctional mechanics experiment device of claim 1, wherein a weighing tray is disposed on the tension measuring module, and a weighing display is disposed on the operation controller.
4. The multifunctional mechanics experiment device of claim 1, wherein the tension measuring wheel comprises a wheel body, a mounting frame and a tension sensor, the wheel body is arranged on the mounting frame through a rotating shaft, and the rear end of the mounting frame is fixedly connected with the tension sensor.
5. The multifunctional mechanics experimental apparatus of claim 1, wherein a rod body is disposed at a front end of the base, and the operation controller is fixed on the rod body.
6. The multifunctional mechanics experiment device according to claim 1, wherein the connector is a bolt, and the connection point is a threaded hole engaged with the bolt;
an arc-shaped through hole is formed in the bolt cap of the connector.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810702499.9A CN108806420B (en) | 2018-06-30 | 2018-06-30 | Multifunctional mechanics experimental device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810702499.9A CN108806420B (en) | 2018-06-30 | 2018-06-30 | Multifunctional mechanics experimental device |
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| CN108806420A CN108806420A (en) | 2018-11-13 |
| CN108806420B true CN108806420B (en) | 2020-05-01 |
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| CN113570951B (en) * | 2021-06-23 | 2023-08-08 | 兰州大学 | Multifunctional mechanics experimental device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| RU2052218C1 (en) * | 1990-12-19 | 1996-01-10 | Серпуховское высшее военное командно-инженерное училище ракетных войск им.Ленинского комсомола | Structural mechanics educational aid |
| US7463513B2 (en) * | 2005-08-22 | 2008-12-09 | Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Co., Ltd. | Micro-machinery memory device |
| CN202013680U (en) * | 2010-11-03 | 2011-10-19 | 徐忠岳 | Multifunctional centripetal force measuring rotary table |
| CN203134210U (en) * | 2012-12-16 | 2013-08-14 | 江苏艾迪生教育发展有限公司 | Stepless speed control rotation platform |
| CN205122035U (en) * | 2015-11-24 | 2016-03-30 | 赖艳清 | Centripetal force experiment teaching demonstration appearance |
| CN206774044U (en) * | 2016-11-11 | 2017-12-19 | 王众鑫 | A kind of new high school physicses dynamics experimental device |
| CN206774051U (en) * | 2017-04-07 | 2017-12-19 | 李正阳 | A kind of physical and mechanical experiment device |
| CN207558260U (en) * | 2017-09-20 | 2018-06-29 | 王艺琳 | A kind of physics teaching showing stand |
| CN108039099A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-05-15 | 谢宗泰 | A kind of multi-functional physical mechanics experiment device for teaching |
| CN108091221B (en) * | 2018-01-09 | 2020-03-17 | 黑河学院 | Multifunctional mechanics demonstration device for physics experiments |
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