CN108802718A - Phase decoupling method when based on random exomonental time-division MIMO radar sky - Google Patents

Phase decoupling method when based on random exomonental time-division MIMO radar sky Download PDF

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CN108802718A
CN108802718A CN201810537460.6A CN201810537460A CN108802718A CN 108802718 A CN108802718 A CN 108802718A CN 201810537460 A CN201810537460 A CN 201810537460A CN 108802718 A CN108802718 A CN 108802718A
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random
matrix
array element
emission measurement
target angle
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CN108802718B (en
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李阳
胡善清
胡雪瑶
王彦华
姚迪
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Beijing Institute of Technology BIT
Chongqing Innovation Center of Beijing University of Technology
Hebei Communications Planning Design and Research Institute Co Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/02Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
    • G01S13/50Systems of measurement based on relative movement of target
    • G01S13/58Velocity or trajectory determination systems; Sense-of-movement determination systems
    • G01S13/581Velocity or trajectory determination systems; Sense-of-movement determination systems using transmission of interrupted pulse modulated waves and based upon the Doppler effect resulting from movement of targets
    • G01S13/582Velocity or trajectory determination systems; Sense-of-movement determination systems using transmission of interrupted pulse modulated waves and based upon the Doppler effect resulting from movement of targets adapted for simultaneous range and velocity measurements
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/02Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
    • G01S13/50Systems of measurement based on relative movement of target
    • G01S13/58Velocity or trajectory determination systems; Sense-of-movement determination systems
    • G01S13/588Velocity or trajectory determination systems; Sense-of-movement determination systems deriving the velocity value from the range measurement
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/02Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
    • G01S13/50Systems of measurement based on relative movement of target
    • G01S13/58Velocity or trajectory determination systems; Sense-of-movement determination systems
    • G01S13/62Sense-of-movement determination
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/02Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
    • G01S7/41Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00 using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section
    • G01S7/415Identification of targets based on measurements of movement associated with the target
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/02Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
    • G01S7/41Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00 using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section
    • G01S7/418Theoretical aspects
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/02Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
    • G01S7/42Diversity systems specially adapted for radar

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

Phase decoupling and method of estimation when the present invention proposes one kind based on random exomonental time-division MIMO radar sky, realize that separated space frequency preferably correctly estimates target angle with speed with Doppler frequency.Step 1: designing random emission measurement matrix, the sequence of control transmitting array element random switching is obtained by the random emission measurement matrix, spatially placement position periodically replaces with random transmitting time division way with the sequence time division way of impulse ejection by original transmitting array element;Step 2: the random emission measurement Matrix Multiplication is obtained perception matrix with the orthogonal basic matrix of Standard Fourier, the reconstruction of Doppler frequency spectrum is carried out along distance dimension using the sparse reconstructing methods of FOCUSS, realizes the independent estimations to velocity to moving target;Step 3: doing the matched filtering processing of angle dimension along each distance-Doppler unit, the spatial frequency spectrum of the unit is obtained, and then extract target angle information, complete the independent estimations to target angle.

Description

Phase decoupling method when based on random exomonental time-division MIMO radar sky
Technical field
The invention belongs to multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) field of radar, and in particular to when one kind being based on random exomonental Phase decoupling method when dividing MIMO radar sky.
Background technology
Compared to traditional phased-array radar, MIMO technology has improvement radar angle under conditions of using less physical channel Spend the advantage of resolving power.Meanwhile from the point of view of hardware low cost, time diversity scheme (TDM) is the one kind for being easiest to realize Mimo system.Therefore, research extensively is unfolded to TDM-MIMO radars in a large amount of document and Project Realization.
For the radar system using tradition TDM-MIMO schemes, it is considered that each target to be detected is in given time It is inside to maintain static;Otherwise, movement will introduce the variation phase of one and velocity correlation and is coupling in echo-signal With on the relevant phase term of angle, and then lead to the drastically decline of radar angle measurement performance.
Array element (the linear array TDM-MIMO thunder that spacing d) is formed with N number of transmitting array element (spacing Pd) is received by P It reaches, traditional TDM systems respectively emit array element and scheme as shown in Figure 1, i.e., each transmitting array element is used to be pressed according to the spatial order of array element Fix rule either on or off successively;Wherein pulse-recurrence time is T, modulating bandwidth B, single MIMO realize in include N number of Pulse, a coherent processing inteval (CPI) are made of M period.
It is assumed that there is K there is different angle in given range cell, the target of friction speed, if echo-signal have been subjected to away from The process of pulse-compression of descriscent, the echo signal data block in single CPI are as shown in Figure 2;For traditional TDM-MIMO radars r A range cell, echo-signal is in m-th of period, n-th of pulse (while corresponding n-th of transmitting array element emits signal), pth A signal representation form for receiving array element is as follows:
Wherein ai, viAnd θiIndicate respectively i-th target through distance to the complex magnitude after " focusing ", radial velocity and Orientation angles;λ indicates radar emission narrow band signal centre wavelength, εmnpRepresent system additive white Gaussian noise.
The phase change item of related n in above formulaShow space FrequencyWith Doppler frequencyIt is mutually coupled;It therefore, will necessarily be because when estimating target bearing angle The movement of target and cause estimation mistake.Existing certain methods are using first in above formula Doppler-frequency estimation is carried out, coupled phase item when the frequency compensation sky that estimates is passed through.But such method is in target to be estimated When speed is fuzzy there are odd-multiple, it can not be computed correctly compensation phase, in turn result in decoupling phase error, not simply fail to solve to ask Topic introduces additional phase term instead, further results in the angle estimation of mistake.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is phase coupled problems when moving-target sky for traditional TDM-MIMO radars, propose a kind of base Phase decoupling and method of estimation when random exomonental time-division MIMO radar sky, to realize separated space frequency and Doppler The ability of frequency preferably correctly estimates target angle with speed.
The method of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
Phase decoupling method when one kind is based on random exomonental time-division MIMO radar sky, includes the following steps:
Step 1: designing random emission measurement matrix, control transmitting array element is obtained by the random emission measurement matrix The sequence of random switching, to will original transmitting array element spatially placement position periodically with the sequence time-division side of impulse ejection Formula replaces with random transmitting time division way, achievees the effect that decouple moving target angle rates' information;
Step 2: the random emission measurement Matrix Multiplication is obtained perception matrix, profit with the orthogonal basic matrix of Standard Fourier The reconstruction for carrying out Doppler frequency spectrum along distance dimension with the sparse reconstructing methods of FOCUSS, realizes independently estimating to velocity to moving target Meter;
Step 3: doing the matched filtering processing of angle dimension along each distance-Doppler unit, the space frequency of the unit is obtained Rate is composed, and then extracts target angle information, completes the independent estimations to target angle.
Further, the random emission measurement matrix described in step 1 is designed using following methods:
If the calculation matrix of n-th of transmitting array element is Ψn, the dimension of matrix is M × MN, the matrix by from a MN × It extracts M rows in the unit matrix of MN dimensions out at random to obtain, the probability drawn per a line is 1/MN, and independently of each other, and M, N are just Integer.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
The present invention upsets set time lag characteristic existing for periodic emission between array element using the random emission characteristics of array element, into And the decoupling to velocity to moving target, angular phase information is completed, then utilize sparse reconfiguration technique and matched filtering technique point It is other to Doppler frequency spectrum and the independent reconstruction of spatial frequency spectrum, finally, complete estimation to target velocity and angle information;
Due to considering the not overlapping each other property between transmitting array element when calculation matrix designs so that each array element emits not at random Only meet TDM-MIMO operation principles, also ensures the identical weighting weight of each Virtual array.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 tradition TDM launch scenarios;
Echo signal data block schematic diagram in the single CPI of Fig. 2;
Fig. 3 implementing procedure figures of the present invention;
Random TDM launch scenario singles are realized in Fig. 4 embodiment of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
It elaborates below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to the embodiment of the method for the present invention.
As shown in figure 3, a kind of distinguished based on sparse reconfiguration technique and matched filtering technique from random transmitting pulse train Independent reconstruct target Doppler frequency spectrum and object space frequency spectrum, and then solve phase when the moving-target sky in TDM-MIMO radars The method of coupling, detailed process are:
Step 1: designing random emission measurement matrix, the suitable of control transmitting array element random switching is obtained by calculation matrix Original transmitting array element is spatially periodically replaced with random transmitting in placement position by sequence with the sequence time division scheme of impulse ejection Time division scheme achievees the effect that decouple moving target angle rates' information.
Step 101 sets the calculation matrix of n-th of transmitting array element as Ψn, the dimension of matrix is M × MN, which is to pass through It extracts M rows out at random from the unit matrix of MN × MN dimension to obtain, the probability drawn per a line is 1/MN, and mutually solely It is vertical.
The problem can actually be equivalent to a combinatorial problem, i.e., forA possible composite sequence, the 1st transmitting array element One-shot measurement matrix realize it is practical to choose a kind of combination from these possible combination equal probabilities, gather in serial number As the M row serial numbers that will be extracted from unit matrix;To ensure that one and only one transmitting array element exists in same one-pulse time Work, when designing the calculation matrix of the 2nd transmitting array element, the realization of calculation matrix is from remaining MN-M rows in unit matrix Choose M rows again, i.e., it is equiprobable fromIt is chosen in kind combination a kind of;And so on, the calculation matrix of n-th array element is realized The matrix of rear remaining last M rows composition is selected as in unit matrix by each transmitting array element.
Step 102, according to designed calculation matrix Ψ in step 101n, by following mapping relations by calculation matrix Be converted to random emission control orders of the control unit to each transmitting array element.For n-th of array element, its survey known to step 101 Moment matrix ΨnIn a total of M 1, and often go one and only one.Therefore, calculation matrix and emit array element mapping relations be, If calculation matrix ΨnI-th row, jth column element Ψi,j=1 indicates j-th of pulse in MN pulse in total, n-th of array element Emit signal;Remaining time, the array element did not emitted signal.
To sum up, control unit can be quickly obtained the sequence that each array element emits at random by calculation matrix.Due to measuring The not overlapping each other property between transmitting array element is considered when matrix design so that transmitting not only conforms with TDM-MIMO works to each array element at random Make principle, also ensures the identical weighting weight of each Virtual array.
Step 2: being multiplied by the orthogonal basic matrix of Standard Fourier using calculation matrix obtains perception matrix, and then utilize " FOCUSS " sparse reconfiguration technique carries out Doppler frequency spectrum along distance dimension and rebuilds, and realizes and independently estimates to velocity information after separation Meter.
Step 201, to via lower mixing, amplifying, filtering, the base band echo-signal after sampling carries out process of pulse-compression (or other distances " focusing " are handled), and it is retaken.After rearrangement battle array is received with p-th via n-th of transmitting array element transmitting The range cell echo-signal that member receives is ynp=[x1np,x2np…xMnp]T
Step 202, the sparse characteristic based on a range cell target, can be to echo-signal ynpIt is written as expression shape Formula:
ynpn·Φ·an+n
Wherein the Φ matrixes of dimension MN × MN are to contain MN possible Doppler by what normal orthogonal Fourier's base formed The steering vector of frequency;The vector an of dimension MN × 1 is to represent the corresponding target complex magnitude on be possible to frequency location Sparse spike;N is incoherent white Gaussian noise signal, mean power δ.In general, claiming ΨnΦ is perception matrix, by In ΨnΦ, which meets, constrains equidistant restrictive condition (RIP), and usually in a range cell, the number of moving-target is much small In MN possible doppler positions.Therefore, the theory based on sparse reconstruct is it is found that an1 norm of following convex relaxation can be passed through Optimization linear equation solves and (completes reconstruction process using classical " FOCUSS " sparse recovery algorithms in the present invention):
min(||an||1),||Ψn·Φ·an-ynp||≤δ
It should be noted that a rebuildnThe not fuzzy range that tests the speed of its Doppler is N times of traditional TDM schemes, and Object to be measured speed beyond it is not fuzzy test the speed range when, this method is still effective.
Step 3: for each distance-Doppler unit for having extracted target range, velocity information, using traditional The spatial frequency spectrum that processing can be obtained the unit is focused to the space phase information of each Virtual array with filtering method, Namely realization is to the independent estimations of target angle information.
With reference to the field trial example of specific Ka wave bands TDM-MIMO radar systems, to the actual effect of the present invention into Row explanation.
Radar system transmitting signal is chirp sequences signal in this example, and modulating bandwidth 280MHz, center carries Frequency is 24GHz, pulse repetition period 100us;Linear array composition includes 4 transmitting array elements and 3 reception array elements, wherein sending out It is 1.5 λ to penetrate array element spacing, and reception array element spacing is 0.5 λ;Include 64 repetition periods in one coherent processing time.Target is The people of two static trihedral angle reflectors and a movement, wherein the people's speed moved is 2.54m/s.
According to the explanation of step 1, we devise the random transmitting time division scheme (primary realization therein) such as Fig. 4, phase Than with traditional time division scheme, array element shooting sequence no longer be in cyclically-varying, i.e., for the sky of linear coupling when phase reach solution The purpose of coupling sum.It is essentially the same with target actual positions by the spectrum peak point after reconstruct, illustrate that this method effectively solves It has determined due to coupled problem when target moves the sky generated in traditional TDM-MIMO radars in turn, and the unambiguous model that tests the speed It encloses for ± 9.75m/s, is 4 times of traditional time division scheme.
In conclusion the foregoing is merely a prefered embodiment of the invention, it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.It is all Within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should be included in the protection of the present invention Within the scope of.

Claims (2)

  1. Phase decoupling method when 1. one kind is based on random exomonental time-division MIMO radar sky, which is characterized in that including following Step:
    Step 1: designing random emission measurement matrix, it is random to obtain control transmitting array element by the random emission measurement matrix The sequence of switch, to spatially periodically replace placement position original transmitting array element with the sequence time division way of impulse ejection It is changed to random transmitting time division way, achievees the effect that decouple moving target angle rates' information;
    Step 2: the random emission measurement Matrix Multiplication is obtained perception matrix with the orthogonal basic matrix of Standard Fourier, utilize The sparse reconstructing methods of FOCUSS carry out the reconstruction of Doppler frequency spectrum along distance dimension, realize independently estimating to velocity to moving target Meter;
    Step 3: doing the matched filtering processing of angle dimension along each distance-Doppler unit, the spatial frequency of the unit is obtained Spectrum, and then target angle information is extracted, complete the independent estimations to target angle.
  2. Phase decoupling method when 2. one kind as described in claim 1 is based on random exomonental time-division MIMO radar sky, It is characterized in that, the random emission measurement matrix described in step 1 is designed using following methods:
    If the calculation matrix of n-th of transmitting array element is Ψn, the dimension of matrix is M × MN, and the matrix from a MN × MN by tieing up It extracts M rows in the unit matrix of degree out at random to obtain, the probability drawn per a line is 1/MN, and independently of each other, and M, N are just whole Number.
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CN110412558A (en) * 2019-07-03 2019-11-05 南京理工大学 The vehicle-mounted fmcw radar velocity ambiguity method of solution based on TDM MIMO
CN110412558B (en) * 2019-07-03 2022-05-17 南京理工大学 Method for resolving speed ambiguity of vehicle-mounted FMCW radar based on TDM MIMO
CN113287036A (en) * 2019-09-30 2021-08-20 华为技术有限公司 Speed ambiguity resolution method and echo signal processing device
CN113253221A (en) * 2020-02-10 2021-08-13 华为技术有限公司 Target detection method and device
CN112526496A (en) * 2020-12-11 2021-03-19 北京聚利科技有限公司 Measurement information acquisition method, device and equipment
CN113504522A (en) * 2021-07-06 2021-10-15 北京航空航天大学 Space-time decoupling and super-resolution angle measurement method based on random switching of transmitting antennas
CN113504522B (en) * 2021-07-06 2023-07-14 北京航空航天大学 Space-time decoupling and super-resolution angle measurement method based on random switching of transmitting antennas
CN113504526A (en) * 2021-09-03 2021-10-15 南京隼眼电子科技有限公司 Target detection method and device based on MIMO radar, electronic equipment and storage medium
CN113504526B (en) * 2021-09-03 2024-02-27 南京隼眼电子科技有限公司 Target detection method and device based on MIMO radar, electronic equipment and storage medium

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