CN108802192B - Calcium debris sandstone reservoir pore type identification method - Google Patents
Calcium debris sandstone reservoir pore type identification method Download PDFInfo
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- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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Abstract
The invention provides a calcium-crumb sandstone reservoir pore type identification method, which comprises the steps of obtaining a sound wave porosity curve and a density porosity curve through identification of lithology of calcium-crumb sandstone and selection of a dry layer section of the calcium-crumb sandstone, correcting the density porosity curve and the sound wave porosity curve through a porosity correction curve, identifying a pore type which meets a proportion condition in the calcium-crumb sandstone reservoir by using the difference degree of the density porosity and the sound wave porosity, and summarizing the corresponding relation between the identification standard of the lithology of the calcium-crumb shale and the corresponding pore type which meets the proportion condition through experiments. According to the method, after the lithology recognition standard and the corresponding relation are established, samples do not need to be collected, the method has good adaptability for the calcium-scrap sandstone reservoir with strong heterogeneity, the problems that the conventional well core and rock scrap slice data are few, the number of wells is large, the rock scrap selection amount is large, and the calcium-scrap sandstone pore type cannot be recognized or divided in the whole well section are solved, the recognition area range is widened, and the method is easy to master.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of oil and gas exploration and development, and particularly relates to a method for identifying a pore type of a calcium debris sandstone reservoir.
Background
The pore type of the reservoir is one of important contents for recognizing and evaluating the reservoir, and the pore type can reflect the formation mechanism of the reservoir to a certain extent; different pore types have different pore structures, which ultimately can lead to great differences in the exploitation effects that are controlled by the magnitude of the permeability. At present, a common core sample of a well drilling is utilized, a casting body slice is ground and is determined through observation under a microscope, or the core sample is directly observed under a scanning electron microscope, so that the pore type of a certain target reservoir is determined, and the distribution characteristics of the target reservoir are described.
(1) Due to limitations in the cost of well coring, etc., it is not possible to perform large-scale coring during the drilling process. The calcium debris sandstone is a special type of debris rock mainly composed of carbonate debris, the pore types are complex and various, the calcium debris sandstone, the conglomerate, the conventional sandstone and the like are distributed in a longitudinal interactive mode and a transverse superposed mode, and the heterogeneity is very strong. Therefore, errors exist between actual coring and designed coring, so that the actual coring sample is analyzed, tested and reflected in the pore type of the reservoir, and the pore type of the reservoir in the whole well section cannot be truly and comprehensively reflected.
(2) The rock debris is one of important achievements of well completion and logging, target intervals are continuously sampled at intervals of 0.5m, pore types can be identified through further grinding and observing selected rock debris samples, but the utilization rate is relatively low in actual work, and for a research area with more wells, the selection workload of the rock debris is too large, so that the distribution characteristics of the pore types of the reservoir in the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction are difficult to accurately describe.
Research has shown that identifying the pore type of reservoir rock and describing its spatial distribution by using conventional well logging curves is one of the effective solutions to the above problems. However, when the method is actually applied in the prior art, some methods are only applicable to pure limestone or dolomite, the calculation method is not clear, some methods are only applicable to pyroclastic rock, some methods only can partially identify pore types and cannot identify microporosities, and some methods have too general judgment standards and are difficult to implement. Therefore, for the calcium-debris sandstone with various pore types, a new method for identifying the pore types and describing the spatial distribution characteristics of the pore types needs to be summarized, so that a foundation is provided for further reservoir evaluation of the calcium-debris sandstone.
Disclosure of Invention
The method aims to solve the problems that when the pore type of the calcium-debris sandstone reservoir is judged in the prior art, the coring is less due to the limitation of the drilling coring cost and the like, the actual coring and the design coring have errors due to strong heterogeneity, the coring representativeness is poor, and the sampled sample cannot truly and comprehensively reflect the pore type of the reservoir at the whole well section; the number of wells is large, the workload of selecting rock debris is too large, and the distribution characteristics of the reservoir pore types in the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction are difficult to accurately describe; the invention provides a method for identifying the pore type of a calcium-cuttings sandstone reservoir, which has the following specific scheme:
a calcium debris sandstone reservoir pore type identification method comprises the following steps:
selecting a target layer section where a calcium debris sandstone development section is located;
selecting a calcium-cuttings sandstone dry layer section in the target layer section;
acquiring a sound wave time difference porosity curve and a density porosity curve of a well to which the target interval belongs, and placing the sound wave time difference porosity curve and the density porosity curve of the well to which the target interval belongs and a porosity correction curve of the well to which the target interval belongs in the same well logging curve track;
taking the porosity correction curve of the well to which the target interval belongs as a reference, keeping the depth coordinate unchanged, and translating the sound wave time difference porosity curve and the density porosity curve of the well to which the target interval belongs in the porosity coordinate direction to enable the density porosity curve and the sound wave time difference porosity curve of the well to which the target interval belongs to be superposed with the calcium debris sandstone dry interval of the porosity correction curve of the well to which the target interval belongs in the target interval;
setting the proportion of the pore type;
and after the three porosity curves are superposed in the calcium-cuttings sandstone dry interval in the target interval, identifying the pore type which meets the preset proportion condition in the calcium-cuttings sandstone reservoir of the well to which the target interval belongs according to the corresponding relation between the difference degree of the density porosity and the acoustic wave time difference porosity at the same depth position on the logging curve of the same well and the pore type which meets the preset proportion condition in the calcium-cuttings sandstone reservoir at the depth position.
Preferably, the proportion of the pore types is greater than 50%, and on a logging curve of the same well, the corresponding relation between the difference degree between the density porosity and the acoustic wave time difference porosity at the same depth position and the pore types meeting the preset proportion condition in the calcium debris sandstone reservoir at the depth position is as follows:
when the difference of the density porosity minus the acoustic wave time difference porosity at the same depth position is more than 3 percent, the type of the pores with the proportion of more than 50 percent in the reservoir at the depth position is intergranular corrosion pores;
when the difference between the density porosity and the acoustic wave time difference porosity at the same depth position is not less than 0.5% and not more than 3%, the type of the pores accounting for more than 50% in the reservoir at the depth position is intergranular corrosion filling pores;
when the difference of the density porosity minus the difference of the acoustic moveout porosity at the same depth position is less than 0.5 percent, the type of the pores with the proportion of more than 50 percent in the reservoir at the depth position is microporosity.
Preferably, selecting a rock debris bag of a target interval where a known calcium debris sandstone development section is located, collecting a rock debris sample from the rock debris bag, grinding the rock debris bag to form a rock debris slice sample, observing the rock debris slice sample and the rock core slice sample in detail under a microscope, and analyzing and selecting the sample with the pore type meeting the proportion condition;
selecting a calcium debris sandstone dry interval in the known target interval;
acquiring a sound wave time difference porosity curve and a density porosity curve of a well to which the known target interval belongs, and placing the sound wave time difference porosity curve and the density porosity curve of the well to which the known target interval belongs and a porosity correction curve of the well to which the known target interval belongs in the same well logging curve path;
taking the porosity correction curve of the well belonging to the known target interval as a reference, keeping the depth coordinate unchanged, and translating the sound wave time difference porosity curve and the density porosity curve of the well belonging to the known target interval in the porosity coordinate direction to enable the density porosity curve and the sound wave time difference porosity curve of the well belonging to the known target interval to be superposed with the calcium debris sandstone dry interval of the porosity correction curve of the well belonging to the known target interval in the known target interval;
and reading the density porosity curve and the sound wave time difference porosity curve of the well to which the known target interval belongs, wherein the sound wave time difference porosity and the density porosity corresponding to the depth of the sample with the pore type meeting the proportion condition are obtained, and summarizing the corresponding relation between the difference degree of the density porosity and the sound wave time difference porosity at the same depth position and the pore type meeting the preset proportion condition in the calcium debris sandstone reservoir at the depth position on the logging curve of the same well according to the reading result.
Preferably, the calcium-scrap sandstone development segment is selected according to a lithology identification standard of the calcium-scrap sandstone, and the lithology identification standard of the calcium-scrap sandstone is as follows: the natural gamma log ranges from 40API < GR < 55API, while the deep lateral resistivity ranges from 300 ohm-meters < RD <4000 ohm-meters.
Preferably, selecting a rock debris bag of a target interval where a known calcium debris sandstone development section is located, collecting a rock debris sample from the rock debris bag, grinding the rock debris bag to form a rock debris slice sample, and observing the rock debris slice sample and the rock debris slice sample in detail under a microscope to identify the lithology of the sample;
and reading values corresponding to depths of samples with different lithologies on a conventional logging curve of the well with the known target interval, and summarizing the lithology recognition standard of the calcium-debris sandstone.
Preferably, the deep lateral resistivity is selected to be in the range of 1000 ohm-meters<RD<4000 ohm/m, density greater than 2.65g/cm3And the interval with the compensated neutron logging CNL less than 5 percent is the calcium-cuttings sandstone dry interval.
Preferably, the acoustic time difference value and the acoustic density value corresponding to each depth point of the calcium-cuttings sandstone dry interval in any target interval are read, the obtained acoustic time difference value and the obtained acoustic density value are used as the acoustic time difference skeleton value and the acoustic density skeleton value of the calcium-cuttings sandstone of the target interval, the acoustic time difference porosity and the acoustic density porosity of the well to which the target interval belongs are respectively calculated by using an acoustic time difference porosity explanation model and an acoustic density porosity explanation model, and then the acoustic time difference porosity curve and the acoustic density porosity curve of the well to which the target interval belongs are obtained.
Preferably, the porosity correction curve is a neutron porosity curve.
Preferably, the porosity calibration curve is a core porosity curve.
Preferably, the difference between the density porosity and the acoustic time difference porosity is the difference between the density porosity and the acoustic time difference porosity subtracted by the difference, or the absolute value of the difference between the density porosity and the acoustic time difference porosity, or the inverse of the absolute value of the difference between the density porosity and the acoustic time difference porosity, or the square of the difference between the density porosity and the acoustic time difference porosity.
Compared with the prior art, the method for identifying the pore type of the calcium-debris sandstone reservoir comprises the steps of selecting a target interval where a calcium-debris sandstone development section is located and a calcium-debris sandstone dry interval in the target interval, obtaining a density porosity curve and a sound wave time difference porosity curve of a well to which the target interval belongs, placing the density porosity curve and the sound wave time difference porosity curve together with a porosity correction curve of the well to which the target interval belongs in the same logging curve track, and enabling the three porosity curves to coincide with each other in the calcium-debris sandstone dry interval in the target interval in a translation mode by taking the porosity correction curve of the well to which the target interval belongs as a reference; and setting porosity type proportion, and identifying the pore type which meets preset proportion conditions in the calcium debris sandstone reservoir of the well to which the target interval belongs according to the corresponding relation between the difference degree of the density porosity and the acoustic wave time difference porosity at the same depth position on the logging curve of the same well and the pore type which meets the preset proportion conditions in the calcium debris sandstone reservoir at the depth position after the three porosity curves are overlapped in the calcium debris sandstone dry interval in the target interval. The method utilizes the porosity logging curve to identify the type of pores which meet the preset proportion condition in the calcium debris sandstone reservoir, and does not need to collect a core sample and a debris sample in the identification process, so that few coring is caused by the limitation of coring cost; the problem that the pore type of a reservoir at the whole well section cannot be truly and comprehensively reflected by a sampled sample caused by the fact that the actual coring and the design coring have errors due to strong heterogeneity and the coring representativeness is poor; and the number of wells is large, the selection workload of rock debris is too large, and the distribution characteristics of the reservoir pore types in the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction are difficult to accurately describe. The method has strong operability and low cost, accords with the well logging principle, is proved by the application of the three-section calcium-scrap sandstone gas reservoir in the fibrous family river group of the medium petrochemical meta-dam, can conveniently, quickly and accurately identify different pore types, has clear judgment standard and easy implementation, has good adaptability to the identification of the pore types of the calcium-scrap sandstone reservoir, and lays a good foundation for the recognition and comprehensive evaluation of the calcium-scrap sandstone reservoir.
Drawings
The invention will be described in more detail hereinafter on the basis of embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Wherein:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method for identifying the pore type of the calcium-debris sandstone reservoir in the invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of an experimental method summarizing the criterion for identifying lithology of a calcium-cuttings shale according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flowchart of an experimental method summarizing the relationship between pore type and porosity difference according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of log response characteristics of different lithologies of a Yuanluo 6 well in an embodiment of the invention;
figure 5 is a sample of calcium-cuttings sandstone sheets from a weird 2 well in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention showing a porosity of greater than 50% by weight and a log response characteristic thereof;
figure 6 is a sample of a calcium-cuttings sandstone sheet from a metaland 20 well according to an embodiment of the present invention showing a porosity of greater than 50% by weight and its log response characteristics;
figure 7 is a plot of the pore types and log response characteristics for a sample of calcium-cuttings sandstone sheets from a metaland 20 well according to an embodiment of the present invention showing a proportion of greater than 50%.
In the drawings, like parts are designated with like reference numerals, and the drawings are not necessarily to scale.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings
The calcium-scrap sandstone development section comprises a calcium-scrap sandstone dry layer with undeveloped pores and a calcium-scrap sandstone reservoir with developed inter-granular corrosion pores, inter-granular corrosion filling pores and micropores. Intergranular erosion porosity refers to the porosity between calcium debris particles due to erosion, and the pore size of the intergranular erosion porosity is typically between 0.03mm and 0.5 mm. The intergranular erosion-filled pores refer to pores formed by intergranular erosion pores being fully filled or partially filled with a clay mineral, and include intergranular pores of the clay mineral filled in the intergranular erosion pores, and residual intergranular erosion pores partially not filled, i.e., pores formed by spaces left after the intergranular erosion pores are partially filled with the clay mineral, for example, pores formed by 70% of the clay mineral filled in one intergranular erosion pore and the remaining 30% of the spaces in the intergranular erosion pore, i.e., residual intergranular erosion pores. The above proportions are merely exemplary and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Microporosities are erosive microporosities distributed in the calcium-cutting sandstone grains or granules, and the pore diameter is usually less than 0.03 mm. The three pore types cover basically all the pore types existing in the calcium-scrap sandstone, and even if other pore types exist in the calcium-scrap sandstone, the amount of the three pore types is very small and can be ignored in practical application.
In the logging graphs of fig. 4A, 5A, 6A, and 7A, GR (Gamma-Ray) represents natural Gamma logging in units of API. Rd (deep resistivity) denotes the deep lateral resistivity in units of ohm-meters (Ω · M). Rs (short resistivity) represents the shallow lateral resistivity in ohm meters (Ω · M). DEN (Density) denotes the density in g/cm3. CNL (compensated neutron logging) compensated neutron logging, dimensionless. AC (acoustic) sonic moveout in microseconds/feet (μ s/ft). Den por (density porosity) represents density porosity, a dimensionless quantity. ac por (acoustic porosity) represents the acoustic moveout porosity, a dimensionless quantity. cnl por (compensated neutron porosity) represents compensated neutron porosity, all referred to herein as neutron porosity, dimensionless. Den ac Por (dense acoustic porosity) refers to the difference in density porosity minus the difference in acoustic time difference porosity, a dimensionless quantity. The abbreviations mentioned elsewhere in the present invention are the same as those described above, and the meanings thereof are the same.The log plots of fig. 4A, 5A, 6A, 7A each use logarithmic coordinates for RD and RS. The numbers shown in the lower right corner of fig. 4C, 5B-5E, 6B-6E, 7B, 7C represent the magnification ratios of the samples.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of the method for identifying the pore type of the calcium-cuttings sandstone reservoir according to the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, a target interval where a calcium-cuttings sandstone development segment is located is selected, the target interval is a sand group or a single sand body, one sand group at least includes one single sand body, preferably, the sand group where the calcium-cuttings sandstone development segment is located is selected as the target interval, a calcium-cuttings sandstone dry interval in the target interval is selected, a sonic time difference porosity curve and a density porosity curve of a well to which the target interval belongs are obtained, and the sonic time difference porosity curve and the density porosity curve of the well to which the target interval belongs and a porosity calibration curve of the well to which the target interval belongs are placed together in the same well logging curve; taking the porosity correction curve of the well to which the target interval belongs as a reference, keeping the depth coordinate unchanged, and translating the sound wave time difference porosity curve and the density porosity curve of the well to which the target interval belongs in the porosity coordinate direction to enable the density porosity curve and the sound wave time difference porosity curve of the well to which the target interval belongs to be superposed with the calcium debris sandstone dry interval of the porosity correction curve of the well to which the target interval belongs in the target interval; setting the proportion of the pore type; and after the three porosity curves are superposed in the calcium-cuttings sandstone dry interval in the target interval, identifying the pore type which meets the preset proportion condition in the calcium-cuttings sandstone reservoir of the well to which the target interval belongs according to the corresponding relation between the difference degree of the density porosity and the acoustic wave time difference porosity at the same depth position on the logging curve of the same well and the pore type which meets the preset proportion condition in the calcium-cuttings sandstone reservoir at the depth position. The method utilizes the porosity logging curve to identify the type of pores which meet the preset proportion condition in the calcium debris sandstone reservoir, and does not need to collect a core sample and a debris sample in the identification process, so that few coring is caused by the limitation of coring cost; the problem that the sampled sample cannot truly and comprehensively reflect the type of the pore space of the reservoir due to the fact that the heterogeneity is strong, so that errors exist between actual coring and design coring, and coring representativeness is poor; and the selection workload of the rock debris is too large, so that the distribution characteristics of the pore types of the reservoir in the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction are difficult to accurately describe. The method has strong operability and low cost, accords with the well logging principle, is proved by the application of the three-section calcium-scrap sandstone gas reservoir in the fibrous family river group of the medium petrochemical meta-dam, can conveniently, quickly and accurately identify different pore types, has clear judgment standard and easy implementation, has good adaptability to the identification of the pore types of the calcium-scrap sandstone reservoir, and lays a good foundation for the recognition and comprehensive evaluation of the calcium-scrap sandstone reservoir.
Preferably, the calcium-scrap sandstone development segment is identified by using the calcium-scrap sandstone lithology identification standard, and then the target layer segment where the calcium-scrap sandstone development segment is located is selected. The calcium-cuttings sandstone lithology recognition standard is summarized through experiments, fig. 2 is a flow chart of a method for summarizing the calcium-cuttings sandstone lithology recognition standard, fig. 4 is logging response characteristics of different lithologies in a three-section meta-dam 6 well of the meta-dam, and as shown in fig. 2 and fig. 4, a cuttings bag of a target interval where a known calcium-cuttings sandstone development section with low coring and poor coring representativeness is located in a three-section meta-dam must three-section calcium-cuttings sandstone gas reservoir is selected, cuttings samples are collected from the cuttings bag, and after being manufactured by grinding pieces, the cuttings bag and the rock samples are observed in detail under a microscope to identify the lithology of the samples. Preferably, in order to improve the accuracy of the lithology identification standard of the calcium-debris sandstone, other sand groups can be selected for testing. Specifically, three sand groups of the Yuan dam 6 well are used as a target interval where a known calcium debris sandstone development section is located, and the two sand groups of the Yuan dam 6 well are combined to perform an experiment, so that rock cores and rock debris samples in the two sand groups and the three sand groups of the Yuan dam 6 well are collected, and the samples are subjected to sample preparation and then are observed in detail under a microscope to identify the lithology of the samples. According to the lithology identification results of the samples of the second sand group and the third sand group of the Yuan-Ba 6 well and the depths of the samples, the conventional logging curve of the Yuan-Ba 6 well is calibrated in detail to read the values on the conventional logging curve corresponding to the depths of the samples, and the denser the samples are sampled in the depth direction, the higher the accuracy of the calcium debris sandstone lithology identification standard is. The sensitive logging curve reflecting the lithology is analyzed, as the lithology belongs to low-permeability compact reservoir rock in the research area range, the response of pore and fluid information on the logging curve is weak, and the influence of the lithology components and granularity on the resistivity value is large, the resistivity curve is one of key curves for identifying the lithology of calcium-cuttings sandstone and the like, and the calcium-cuttings sandstone lithology identification standard is summarized according to the calibration result and is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
Fig. 4 exemplarily shows the calibration of several samples, such as the samples at position a4 and position d4 in fig. 4A, i.e. the core samples at the weirs 6 wells 4267.2m and 4301.2m, which are conglomerates or glutenite, as shown in fig. 4B and 4E, respectively. FIG. 4A is a plot of a metadam 6 well log showing GR less than 40API and RD greater than 4000 ohm-meters for conventional logs corresponding to position a4 and position d 4. Fig. 4C and 4D show samples at position b4 and position C4 in fig. 4A, i.e., core samples at 4295.2m and 4297m of the metadam 6 well, respectively, which are calcium-debris sandstones. On the conventional logging curves corresponding to the position b4 and the position c4 shown in FIG. 4A, GR is less than 55API, RD is less than or equal to 300 ohm-m and less than or equal to 4000 ohm-m. And applying the lithologic identification standard of the calcium debris sandstone to the Yuanluo 702 well, the Yuanluo 11 well and the Yuanluo 7 well, wherein the obtained result is consistent with the observation and identification result of the corresponding sample. The method for identifying the development section of the calcium-scrap sandstone by using the lithology identification standard of the calcium-scrap sandstone is simple to operate and high in identification accuracy, and the development section of the calcium-scrap sandstone can be quickly identified by using a conventional logging curve. The identification of the calcium-scrap sandstone development segment by using the calcium-scrap sandstone lithology identification standard does not limit the invention, and technical means which can identify the calcium-scrap sandstone development segment in the prior art can be applied to the invention, such as identification of the calcium-scrap sandstone development segment by using a calcium-scrap sandstone element identification method.
Preferably, on a logging curve of the same well, a corresponding relationship between the difference degree between the density porosity and the acoustic wave time difference porosity at the same depth position and the type of the pores satisfying the preset proportion condition in the calcium debris sandstone reservoir at the depth position is obtained through experimental summary, and fig. 3 is a flow chart of an experimental method summarizing the corresponding relationship. Selecting a rock debris bag of a target interval where a known calcium debris sandstone development section is located, wherein the three calcium debris sandstone gas reservoirs of the element dam need to have few coring and poor coring representativeness, collecting rock debris samples from the rock debris bag, carrying out detailed observation on the rock debris bag and the rock core abrasive sample under a microscope after abrasive disk manufacturing, and selecting a sample with a pore type meeting a preset proportion condition. The known interval of interest for observing the pore type and the known interval of interest for lithology identification may be the same interval of interest or different intervals of interest. In this embodiment, different target intervals are used for the known target interval for observing the type of the pore and the known target interval for lithology identification, specifically, the known target interval for observing the type of the pore in this embodiment is three sand groups of the meta-dam 2 well, and fig. 5 shows a sample with the type of the pore in the meta-dam 2 well meeting the preset proportion condition and the response characteristic of the porosity log curve thereof. Specifically, the void type fraction is set to be more than 50%. As shown in fig. 3 and 5, samples of cores and rock debris of the three sand groups of the metadam 2 well are collected, and are subjected to sample preparation and then are observed in detail under a microscope, wherein the sample with the pore type ratio of more than 50% is selected, specifically, a sample with the inter-granular erosion pores of more than 50%, a sample with the inter-granular erosion filling pores of more than 50% and a sample with the micro-pores of more than 50% are selected.
As shown in fig. 5A, it can be seen from the well logging data of the metadam 2 well that the deep direction resistivity of the interval near the position a5 is higher than 4000 ohm-meter, which is a conglomerate segment. As shown in figures 3 and 5, according to the well logging data of the Yuan-Ba 2 well, the range of the deep lateral resistivity in the three sand groups of the Yuan-Ba 2 well is selected to be 1000 ohm-meter<RD<4000 ohm/m, density greater than 2.65g/cm3And the interval with the compensated neutron logging CNL less than 5 percent is a calcium debris dry sandstone interval, and the calcium debris dry sandstone interval is a depth section with the depth of 4371.9 m-4372.2 m. The observation of the sliced sample proves that the depth section between 4371.9m and 4372.2m is the calcium-chipped sandstone dry layer section, and fig. 5B exemplarily shows that the sample at the depth of 4372m in the calcium-chipped sandstone dry layer section, namely the sample at the position B5 in fig. 5A shows that the sample shows thatShown as a calcium-swarf sandstone dry layer, pores do not develop. Reading density values and sound wave time difference values corresponding to depth sections of 4371.9 m-4372.2 m to serve as density skeleton values and sound wave time difference skeleton values of calcium debris sandstone of the meta-dam 2 well, calculating density porosity of the whole depth section of the meta-dam 2 well by using a density porosity explanation model and the density skeleton values, calculating sound wave time difference porosity of the whole depth section of the meta-dam 2 well by using a sound wave time difference porosity explanation model and the sound wave time difference skeleton values, and further obtaining a density porosity curve and a sound wave time difference porosity curve of the whole depth section of the meta-dam 2 well. And (3) placing the density porosity curve, the acoustic time difference porosity curve and the porosity correction curve of the element dam 2 well in the same logging curve channel to form a porosity logging curve combination, wherein preferably, the porosity correction curve is a neutron porosity curve. And translating the density porosity curve and the sound wave time difference porosity curve of the meta-dam 2 well in the porosity coordinate direction by taking the neutron porosity curve of the meta-dam 2 well as keeping the depth coordinate unchanged, so that the density porosity curve, the sound wave time difference porosity curve and the neutron porosity curve of the meta-dam 2 well are superposed at the selected calcium debris sandstone dry interval of the meta-dam 2 well, namely the depth section from 4371.9m to 4372.2m, and the correction of the density porosity curve and the sound wave porosity curve is completed. In the above preferred embodiment, the porosity calibration curve is a neutron porosity curve, which does not limit the present invention, and those skilled in the art can select a core porosity curve as the porosity calibration curve.
And (3) utilizing the selected sample with the porosity type ratio of more than 50% and the porosity logging curve of the depth of the sample to calibrate the density porosity curve and the acoustic wave time difference porosity curve after the overlapping step in the porosity logging curve of the Yuan dam 2 well in detail, reading the density porosity and the acoustic wave time difference porosity corresponding to the depth of the sample, wherein the more dense the sample collected in the depth direction is, the more accurate the summarized result is. Specifically, the density porosity and the acoustic wave time difference porosity corresponding to the depth of the sample with the inter-granular eroded porosity larger than 50% are read, the density porosity and the acoustic wave time difference porosity corresponding to the depth of the sample with the inter-granular eroded filled porosity larger than 50% are read, the density porosity and the acoustic wave time difference porosity corresponding to the depth of the sample with the micro-porosity larger than 50% are read, and the difference degree between the density porosity and the acoustic wave time difference porosity at the same position in the element dam 2 well corresponding to the case that the inter-granular eroded porosity is larger than 50%, the inter-granular eroded filled porosity larger than 50% and the micro-porosity larger than 50% is summarized according to the reading result. FIG. 5A is a log plot of a Meta-dam 2 well showing an interval having a proportion of the pore types in the Sandy group of the Meta-dam 2 well, wherein the depth zone from 4372.2m to 4372.5m is microporosity in which greater than 50% of the pore types are microporosity, and FIG. 5C is an exemplary illustration of a sample at 4372.3m in this depth zone, i.e., at position C5 in FIG. 5A, in which greater than 50% of the microporosity is distributed in dip-dyed form, and the depth zone has a maximum value of 0.48% of the density porosity minus the sonic porosity at the same depth position. The type of pores at a depth segment of 4376.5m-4377m having a percentage of greater than 50% is intergranular erosion-filled pores, and FIG. 5D schematically illustrates a sample at 4376.5m in the depth segment, i.e., at position D5 in FIG. 5A, showing an intergranular erosion-filled pore percentage of greater than 50% and intergranular erosion-filled pores filled with kaolinite (a clay mineral) having a minimum value of 0.5% and a maximum value of 2.73% for the density porosity minus the acoustic porosity at the same depth segment, and a corresponding decrease in the number of erosion-filled pores as the density porosity minus the acoustic porosity decreases at the same depth segment. The type of pores located at a depth segment of 4379.3m-4380.3m at a ratio of greater than 50% is intergranular eroded pores, and fig. 5E exemplarily shows a sample located at 4380m in this depth segment, i.e. at position E5 in fig. 5A, which shows an intergranular eroded pore ratio of greater than 50%, the difference between density porosity minus acoustic porosity at the same depth position in this depth segment being > 3% at a minimum and 5% at a maximum.
According to the reading results of the density porosity and the acoustic wave porosity corresponding to the depth of the sample with the pore type ratio of more than 50%, summarizing to obtain the corresponding relation between the difference degree of the density porosity and the acoustic wave porosity at the same depth position and the pore type meeting the preset ratio condition in the calcium debris sandstone reservoir at the depth position on the logging curve of the same well:
when the difference of the density porosity minus the acoustic wave time difference porosity at the same depth position is more than 3 percent, the type of the pores with the proportion of more than 50 percent in the reservoir at the depth position is intergranular corrosion pores;
when the difference between the density porosity and the acoustic wave time difference porosity at the same depth position is not less than 0.5% and not more than 3%, the type of the pores accounting for more than 50% in the reservoir at the depth position is intergranular corrosion filling pores;
when the difference of the density porosity minus the difference of the acoustic moveout porosity at the same depth position is less than 0.5 percent, the type of the pores with the proportion of more than 50 percent in the reservoir at the depth position is microporosity.
The corresponding relation is based on the logging principle that inter-granular corrosion pores, inter-granular corrosion filling pores and micropores in the reservoir are secondary pores, the density porosity reflects total porosity, the acoustic jet-lag porosity reflects primary porosity, the secondary porosity is density porosity (total porosity) -acoustic jet-lag porosity (primary porosity), and the pore type meeting the occupation condition in the calcium debris sandstone reservoir is determined according to the size of the secondary porosity.
After the corresponding relation between the difference degree of the density porosity and the acoustic wave time difference porosity at the same depth position and the pore type meeting the preset proportion condition in the calcium debris sandstone reservoir at the depth position is established on the lithology recognition standard of the calcium debris sandstone and the logging curve of the same well, the result is directly applied to recognition of the pore type of the calcium debris sandstone reservoir. As shown in the figures 1 and 6, wherein figure 6A is a log graph of the Yuanlu20 well, three sand groups in which GR in the Yuanlu20 well is less than 55API and RD is more than or equal to 300 ohm-meter and less than or equal to 4000 ohm-meter are selected as target layers in which a calcium debris sandstone development section is located. The deep lateral resistivity of the three sand groups of the Yuanluo 20 well at a depth section of 4135.4m-4135.7m ranges from 1000 ohm-m<RD<4000 ohm/m, density greater than 2.65g/cm3And the compensated neutron logging CNL is less than 5 percent, so the depth section is selected as a calcium-cuttings sandstone dry layer section, namelyThe interval in fig. 6A where position a6 is located. Reading density values and acoustic time difference values corresponding to depth points in an interval where the position a6 is located as density skeleton values and acoustic time difference skeleton values of the calcium-debris sandstone of the Yuan-Lu 20 well, calculating density porosity of the whole depth section of the Yuan-Lu 20 well through a density porosity explanation model and the density skeleton values, calculating acoustic time difference porosity of the whole depth section of the Yuan-Lu 20 well through an acoustic time difference porosity explanation model and an acoustic time difference hole skeleton value, further obtaining a density porosity curve and an acoustic time difference porosity curve of the whole depth section of the Yuan-Lu 20 well, and placing the density porosity curve, the acoustic time difference porosity curve and the porosity correction curve of the Yuan-Lu 20 well in the same logging curve channel, preferably, the porosity correction curve is a neutron porosity curve. And translating the density porosity curve and the sound wave time difference porosity curve of the Yuan-Lu 20 well by taking the neutron porosity curve of the Yuan-Lu 20 well as a reference, so that the density porosity curve, the sound wave time difference porosity curve and the neutron porosity curve of the Yuan-Lu 20 well are superposed in a dry calcium debris sand interval positioned at 4135.4m-4135.7m, namely an interval at the position a6, and the correction of the density porosity curve and the sound wave porosity curve is completed. Reading the density porosity and the acoustic wave porosity of the 20 well at the same depth point, calculating the difference between the density porosity and the acoustic wave porosity, and setting the void type ratio>50 percent, and identifying the proportion according to the corresponding relation between the difference degree of the density porosity and the acoustic wave time difference porosity at the same depth position and the pore type meeting the preset proportion condition in the calcium debris sandstone reservoir at the depth position on the established logging curve of the same well>50% of pore type. Specifically, as shown in fig. 6A, in the depth section from 4141.5m to 4142.2m, that is, the depth section at position d6, the difference between the density porosity and the acoustic wave time difference porosity corresponding to the same depth point is 0.95% to 1.95%, and the difference is in the range of 0.5% to 3%, so that more than 50% of the types of pores in the depth section are intergranular corrosion-filled pores. The depth section of 4137m-4137.5m, namely the depth section of the position b6, in the depth section, the difference between the density porosity and the acoustic wave time difference porosity corresponding to the same depth point is 0.5-0.85%, and the difference is 0.5-3%Within the range, the types of the pores occupying more than 50% of the depth section are intergranular corrosion-filled pores, and the difference between the density porosity corresponding to the same depth point in the depth section at the position b6 and the difference between the time difference porosity of the sound wave is smaller than the difference between the density porosity corresponding to the same depth point in the depth section at the position d6 and the time difference porosity of the sound wave, so that the number of the intergranular corrosion-filled pores in the depth section at the position b6 is smaller than that of the intergranular corrosion-filled pores in the depth section at the position d 6. The depth section is 4140.1m-4141.3m, namely the depth section at the position c6, and in the depth section, the difference value of the density porosity minus the acoustic wave time difference porosity corresponding to the same depth point<0.5%, the type of pores in the depth section which accounts for more than 50% is microporosity.
The result obtained by evaluating the metaland 20 well by using the method for identifying the pore type of the calcareous sandstone reservoir provided by the invention is compared with a sample at the corresponding depth of the metaland 20 well, the evaluation result is consistent with the pore type shown by the sample, fig. 6B-6E show partial comparative samples, fig. 6B shows a sample at a position a6, namely a depth point 4135.5m, which shows that the pores do not develop as a dry calcareous sandstone layer, and fig. 6C shows a sample at a position B6, namely a depth point 4137.1m, which shows that the proportion of intergranular corrosion filling pores is more than 50%, and kaolinite (a clay mineral) is filled in the intergranular corrosion pores. Fig. 6D is a sample at position c6, i.e., depth point 4140.25, which shows a microporosity fraction of greater than 50%. Fig. 6E is a sample at position d6, i.e., depth point 4141.8m, showing greater than 50% intergranular erosion-filled pores with kaolinite filling in the intergranular erosion pores.
And (3) evaluating the Yuanluo 7 wells by adopting the same method steps as the Yuanluo 20 wells, and identifying the pore type of the calcium debris sandstone reservoir. FIG. 7A is a log of a Yuanluo 7 well, as shown in FIG. 7A, where the depth interval between 3467.7m and 3468.9m, i.e., the depth interval at position a7, is a calcareous sandstone dry interval. The depth section of 3462.5m-3463m, namely the depth section of position b7, is the depth section in which the difference between the density porosity minus the acoustic differential porosity at the same depth point is between 0.53% and 2.38%, so that more than 50% of the types of pores in the depth section are intergranular corrosion-filled pores. The depth section of 3465.5m-3466.5m, namely the depth section of position c7, in which the difference between the density porosity minus the acoustic differential porosity at the same depth point is between 1.7% and 2.87%, so that more than 50% of the types of pores in the depth section are intergranular corrosion-filled pores. The difference between the density porosity and the porosity obtained by subtracting the difference between the acoustic wave time difference porosity at the depth section of 3464.8m-3465.4m, namely the depth section at the position e7, in the depth section, is more than 3%, so that more than 50% of the porosity types in the depth section are intergranular eroded pores, and the depth section of 3469.4m-3470.2m, namely the depth section at the position d7, is more than 50% of the porosity types in the depth section, namely the intergranular eroded pores, which is consistent with the test result of the 3461m-3471m test section in fig. 7A, which can obtain 120 ten thousand square per day high-yield industrial airflow, shows that there are relatively concentrated intergranular eroded pores in the depth section of 3461m-3471m, namely the depth section of 3461m-3471m, and a certain depth section has an intergranular eroded pore ratio of more than 50%. Fig. 7B, 7C show samples at position B7 and position C7, respectively, showing greater than 50% of the pore types as intergranular erosion-filled pores, filled with kaolinite. The samples showed results that also corresponded to the evaluation results.
The above example is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the degree of difference between the density porosity and the acoustic time difference porosity is not limited to the difference between the density porosity and the acoustic porosity, but those skilled in the art can also select other values derived from the difference between the density porosity and the acoustic porosity as the degree of difference between the density porosity and the acoustic time difference porosity, for example, the absolute value of the difference between the density porosity and the acoustic porosity, or the reciprocal value of the difference between the density porosity and the acoustic porosity, or the square of the difference between the density porosity and the acoustic time difference porosity, and the corresponding proportion-qualified pore type and the corresponding relation between the density porosity and the acoustic porosity difference are summarized by using the sample observation and sample calibration in the examples. The invention is not limited to pore type ratios greater than 50% and other ratios are possible, such as 75%, and similarly sample observation and sample calibration in the examples are used to summarize the correspondence between pore type and density porosities greater than 75% and the degree of difference between acoustic porosity.
While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, various modifications may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention. In particular, the various features mentioned in the various embodiments may be combined in any combination as long as there is no logical or structural conflict. It is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiments disclosed, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. The method for identifying the pore type of the calcium debris sandstone reservoir is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
selecting a target layer section where a calcium debris sandstone development section is located;
selecting a calcium-cuttings sandstone dry layer section in the target layer section;
acquiring a sound wave time difference porosity curve and a density porosity curve of a well to which the target interval belongs, and placing the sound wave time difference porosity curve and the density porosity curve of the well to which the target interval belongs and a porosity correction curve of the well to which the target interval belongs in the same well logging curve track;
taking the porosity correction curve of the well to which the target interval belongs as a reference, keeping the depth coordinate unchanged, and translating the sound wave time difference porosity curve and the density porosity curve of the well to which the target interval belongs in the porosity coordinate direction to enable the density porosity curve and the sound wave time difference porosity curve of the well to which the target interval belongs to be superposed with the calcium debris sandstone dry interval of the porosity correction curve of the well to which the target interval belongs in the target interval;
setting the proportion of the pore type;
after the three porosity curves are superposed in the calcium-cuttings sandstone dry interval in the target interval, identifying the pore type which meets the preset proportion condition in the calcium-cuttings sandstone reservoir of the well to which the target interval belongs according to the corresponding relation between the difference degree of the density porosity and the acoustic wave time difference porosity at the same depth position on the logging curve of the same well and the pore type which meets the preset proportion condition in the calcium-cuttings sandstone reservoir at the depth position; and the difference degree of the density porosity and the time difference porosity of the sound wave at the same depth position is the difference value of the density porosity minus the time difference porosity of the sound wave.
2. The method for identifying the pore types of the calcium-debris sandstone reservoir of claim 1, wherein the proportion of the pore types is more than 50%, and on a logging curve of the same well, the corresponding relation between the difference degree of the density porosity and the acoustic wave time difference porosity at the same depth position and the pore types meeting the preset proportion condition in the calcium-debris sandstone reservoir at the depth position is as follows:
when the difference of the density porosity minus the acoustic wave time difference porosity at the same depth position is more than 3 percent, the type of the pores with the proportion of more than 50 percent in the reservoir at the depth position is intergranular corrosion pores;
when the difference between the density porosity and the acoustic wave time difference porosity at the same depth position is not less than 0.5% and not more than 3%, the type of the pores accounting for more than 50% in the reservoir at the depth position is intergranular corrosion filling pores;
when the difference of the density porosity minus the difference of the acoustic moveout porosity at the same depth position is less than 0.5 percent, the type of the pores with the proportion of more than 50 percent in the reservoir at the depth position is microporosity.
3. The method for identifying the pore types of the calcium-debris sandstone reservoir according to claim 2, wherein a rock debris package of a target interval where a known calcium-debris sandstone development section is located is selected, a rock debris sample is collected from the rock debris package, the rock debris sample is ground to form a rock debris slice sample, the rock debris slice sample and the rock core slice sample are subjected to detailed observation under a microscope, and the sample with the pore type meeting the proportion condition is analyzed and selected;
selecting a calcium debris sandstone dry interval in the known target interval;
acquiring a sound wave time difference porosity curve and a density porosity curve of a well to which the known target interval belongs, and placing the sound wave time difference porosity curve and the density porosity curve of the well to which the known target interval belongs and a porosity correction curve of the well to which the known target interval belongs in the same well logging curve path;
taking the porosity correction curve of the well belonging to the known target interval as a reference, keeping the depth coordinate unchanged, and translating the sound wave time difference porosity curve and the density porosity curve of the well belonging to the known target interval in the porosity coordinate direction to enable the density porosity curve and the sound wave time difference porosity curve of the well belonging to the known target interval to be superposed with the calcium debris sandstone dry interval of the porosity correction curve of the well belonging to the known target interval in the known target interval;
and reading the density porosity curve and the sound wave time difference porosity curve of the well to which the known target interval belongs, wherein the sound wave time difference porosity and the density porosity corresponding to the depth of the sample with the pore type meeting the proportion condition are obtained, and summarizing the corresponding relation between the difference degree of the density porosity and the sound wave time difference porosity at the same depth position and the pore type meeting the preset proportion condition in the calcium debris sandstone reservoir at the depth position on the logging curve of the same well according to the reading result.
4. The method for identifying the pore types of the calcium-cuttings sandstone reservoir according to claim 1, wherein the calcium-cuttings sandstone development segment is selected according to a lithology identification standard of calcium-cuttings sandstone, and the lithology identification standard of the calcium-cuttings sandstone is as follows: the range for natural gamma logging is 40API < GR < 55API, while the range for deep lateral resistivity is 300 ohm ∙ meters < RD <4000 ohm ∙ meters.
5. The method for identifying the pore types of the calcium-debris sandstone reservoir is characterized in that a rock debris package of a target interval where a known calcium-debris sandstone development section is located is selected, a rock debris sample is collected from the rock debris package, the rock debris sample is ground to form a rock debris slice sample, the rock debris slice sample and the rock debris slice sample are observed in detail under a microscope, and the lithology of the sample is identified;
and reading values corresponding to depths of samples with different lithologies on a conventional logging curve of the well with the known target interval, and summarizing the lithology recognition standard of the calcium-debris sandstone.
6. The calcium-cuttings sandstone reservoir pore type identification method of claim 1 or 3, wherein an interval with the deep lateral resistivity range of 1000 ohm ∙ m < RD <4000 ohm ∙ m, the density of more than 2.65g/cm3 and the compensated neutron logging CNL of less than 5% is selected as the calcium-cuttings sandstone dry interval.
7. The method for identifying the pore types of the calcium-debris sandstone reservoir according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the acoustic time difference value and the acoustic density value corresponding to each depth point of the calcium-debris sandstone stem interval in any target interval are read, the obtained acoustic time difference value and the obtained acoustic density value are used as the acoustic time difference skeleton value and the density skeleton value of the calcium-debris sandstone in the target interval, the acoustic time difference porosity and the density porosity of the well belonging to the target interval are respectively calculated by using an acoustic time difference porosity explanation model and a density porosity explanation model, and then the acoustic time difference porosity curve and the density porosity curve of the well belonging to the target interval are obtained.
8. The method for identifying the pore type of the calcium-debris sandstone reservoir of claim 1 or 3, wherein the porosity correction curve is a neutron porosity curve.
9. The method for identifying the pore type of the calcium-debris sandstone reservoir of claim 1 or 3, wherein the porosity correction curve is a core porosity curve.
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