CN108801578B - Drop model experimental device - Google Patents

Drop model experimental device Download PDF

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CN108801578B
CN108801578B CN201810986467.6A CN201810986467A CN108801578B CN 108801578 B CN108801578 B CN 108801578B CN 201810986467 A CN201810986467 A CN 201810986467A CN 108801578 B CN108801578 B CN 108801578B
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end cover
shell
memory
sensor
sample
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CN108801578A (en
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李鸿宾
金朋刚
杨建�
任松涛
姜夕博
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Xian Modern Chemistry Research Institute
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Xian Modern Chemistry Research Institute
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
    • G01M7/08—Shock-testing

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Abstract

The application discloses fall model experimental apparatus, and the rationale is that corresponding different high powder charge fall experimental apparatus and method are established according to the gravitational potential energy equivalence principle to effectively reduce the actual height of falling, and the operation degree of difficulty greatly reduced can measure sample performance parameters in real time, quantitatively simultaneously. The explosive loading device has the advantages of strong universality, low cost and simplicity and convenience in operation, can meet the requirements of drop experiments of explosive and gunpowder, and can provide technical support for explosive loading design.

Description

Drop model experimental device
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of explosive safety performance parameter experiments, and relates to a falling model experiment device, which is mainly used for realizing explosive charge falling safety assessment, and can provide technical and data support for storage, transportation and use safety assessment of various types of ammunitions and establishment of protective measures.
Background
Ammunition is often subjected to a plurality of accidental stimuli during the production, service and use processes, such as impact, heat, accidental drop, vibration and the like, and the factors of the stimuli are important causes for the reduction of the performance of the ammunition and even accidental ignition accidents. In order to reduce the accidents caused by the accidental stimulation to the minimum range, researchers carry out a great deal of research work and make various assessment experiments, such as a 3-meter drop experiment carried out by road transportation, a 12-meter drop experiment carried out by sea transportation and the like, and the establishment of the standard experiments has a positive effect on the use safety of ammunition, but the safety of the ammunition falling and impacting accidentally is still not fundamentally solved. The main reasons are that the existing experimental method and evaluation standard are both expressive and passable, the attention on the explosive charging performance of dangerous source explosives and powders in ammunition is insufficient, the stress, deformation and ignition characteristics in the accidental falling process of explosive charging are still obtained by analyzing and deducing according to the external phenomenon after the accident occurs, accurate and quantitative experimental data support is not provided, and in general, the existing research mode and experimental method have the following two problems:
(1) the essential characteristics of explosive charge in accidental falling or impacting processes cannot be reflected through a sexual standard experiment, so that no scientific and reasonable basis exists for making related protection measures;
(2) the existing research method has high implementation difficulty and high experiment cost, and the data obtained by the experiment has the realistic problems of variable quantity and incompleteness.
The safety of accidental falling and impact of explosive loading is directly related to the safety of ammunition, and the actual problems are difficult to completely solve by the conventional research method, so that a falling model experiment device is urgently needed, quantitative data directly related to the explosive loading performance is obtained through a scientific and reasonable equivalent model experiment, and a basis is provided for explosive loading safety design and protective measure formulation.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a drop model experimental device aiming at the defects or shortcomings of the existing experimental device, and the basic principle is to establish corresponding different drop height explosive charge drop experimental device and method according to the gravitational potential energy equivalent principle. The explosive loading device has the advantages of strong universality, low cost and simplicity and convenience in operation, can meet the requirements of drop experiments of explosive and gunpowder, and can provide technical support for explosive loading design.
In order to achieve the above object, the following technical solutions are adopted in the present application: the utility model provides a fall model experimental apparatus which characterized in that: the device comprises a counterweight 1, a shell 2, a sensor 3, a data wire 4, a sample 5 and a memory 6, the device is integrally in a sleeve type cylindrical structure, the counterweight 1 is composed of a cylinder A1-1 and an end cover A1-2, the cylinder A1-1 and the end cover A1-2 are connected through threads, the shell 2 is composed of a cylinder B2-1, an end cover B2-2 and an end cover C2-3, the cylinder B2-1 is provided with internal threads at the open end, the end cover B2-2 and the end cover C2-3 are both in a pan shape, the open end of the end cover B2-2 is provided with a notch with the depth of 2mm and used for leading out the data wire 4, the end cover B2-2 is provided with external threads, the end cover B2-2 is fixed on the cylinder B (2-1) through threads, and the end cover B2-2 is freely connected with the end cover C2-3, the shell 2 is closed inside the balance weight 1, the sample 5 fills the cavity inside the shell 2, the sensor 3 is embedded inside the sample 5, the sensor 3 used can be a thermocouple, a strain gauge or an accelerometer, one end of the data wire 4 is connected with the sensor 3, the other end of the data wire passes through a gap at the opening end of the end cover B2-2 and is connected with the memory 6, and the memory 6 is placed in the cavity inside the assembly formed by the end cover B2-2 and the end cover C2-3 and is used for recording data captured by the sensor during falling and impacting;
a drop model experiment method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step one, determining the total mass of the balance weight 1 and the shell 2 according to a gravitational potential energy equivalent principle, namely E-mgh, wherein the height h of the device in an actual experiment is not more than 2m, and designing an experimental device by taking the height h as a main input;
secondly, assembling according to the sequence from inside to outside, firstly embedding the sensor 3 into the sample 5, then coating a layer of industrial silicone oil on the inner surface of the shell 2, and integrally placing the sample 5 and the sensor 3 into the shell 2;
screwing an end cover B2-2 onto a cylinder body B2-1, placing a memory 6 into the end cover B2-2, connecting one end of a data line 4 with the memory 6, covering the end cover C2-3 on the end cover B2-2 to seal the memory 6, connecting the other end of the data line 4 with a sensor 3, placing the whole shell 2 into the cylinder body A1-1, and then covering the end cover A1-2;
and step four, integrally lifting the experimental device to a preset height, enabling the experimental device to freely fall to impact the ground, measuring data by the sensor 3, recording the data by the memory 6, and taking out the memory 6 to read the data after the falling experiment is finished.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the sensor 3 embedded in the sample 5 can measure the acceleration in the falling process, the impact force in the falling impact process and the local temperature change of the sample after ignition in real time, so that the comprehensive and quantitative measurement of the safety parameters of the charging falling is realized;
(2) by utilizing the gravitational potential energy equivalent principle and changing the weight of the counterweight 1, the falling height in the experimental process can be effectively controlled, the operation difficulty is greatly reduced, and the experimental cost is greatly reduced.
Drawings
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the test device, 1-weight, 2-housing, 3-sensor, 4-data line, 5-sample, 6-memory;
FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the counterweight, 1-1-cylinder A, 1-2-end cap A;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the housing, 2-1-cylinder B, 2-2-end cap B, 2-3-end cap C.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following drawings and examples, which are not intended to limit the invention:
example 1
In this embodiment, an experimental device is designed to simulate a 20kg explosive charge 3m drop impact process, wherein the mass of the explosive is 10kg, and the stress of the sample in the impact process is measured.
According to the principle of gravitational potential energy equivalence, a device with the falling height of 1 meter and the requirement of 60kg is designed, wherein the mass of the explosive is 10kg, and the mass of the counterweight and the shell is 50 kg. The specific calculation method is as follows:
E＝m1gh1＝m2gh2
where the subscript "1" represents the actual requirement, this example m1＝20kg，h1The subscript "2" represents the model experimental parameters, example m, 3m2＝60kg，h2＝1m。
The experimental device comprises a balance weight 1, a shell 2, a sensor 3, a data wire 4, a sample 5 and a memory 6, the device is integrally in a sleeve type cylindrical structure, the balance weight 1 and the shell 2 are made of Q235 steel, the memory 6 is a flash memory type missile-borne memory, the balance weight 1 is composed of a cylinder body A1-1 and an end cover A1-2, the cylinder body A1-1 and the end cover A1-2 are connected through threads, the shell 2 is composed of a cylinder body B2-1, an end cover B2-2 and an end cover C2-3, the cylinder body B2-1 is provided with internal threads at the opening end, the end cover B2-2 and the end cover C2-3 are both in a pan shape, the opening end of the end cover B2-2 is provided with a notch with the depth of 2mm and used for leading out the data wire 4, the end cover B2-2 is provided with external threads, the end cover B2-2 is fixed on the, the end cap B2-2 and the end cap C2-3 are freely connected, the shell 2 is closed inside the balance weight 1, the sample 5 fills the cavity inside the shell 2, if a small gap exists, a sample needs to be further supplemented to ensure that the whole space is filled, the sensor 3 is embedded inside the sample 5, the sensor 3 used is a strain gauge which is encapsulated by heat-resistant resin and then embedded into the sample, one end of the data wire 4 is connected with the sensor 3, the other end of the data wire passes through a gap at the opening end of the end cap B2-2 and is connected with the memory 6, and the memory 6 is placed in the cavity inside the assembly formed by the end cap B2-2 and the end cap C2-3 and is used for recording data captured by the sensor during falling and impacting;
the experimental procedure was as follows:
step one, determining the total mass of the balance weight 1 and the shell 2 according to the gravitational potential energy equivalent principle, namely E-mgh, wherein the height h of the device in the actual experiment2Is 1 meter;
secondly, assembling according to the sequence from inside to outside, firstly embedding the sensor 3 into the sample 5, then coating a layer of industrial silicone oil on the inner surface of the shell 2, and integrally placing the sample 5 and the sensor 3 into the shell 2;
screwing an end cover B2-2 onto a cylinder body B2-1, placing a memory 6 into the end cover B2-2, connecting one end of a data line 4 with the memory 6, covering the end cover C2-3 on the end cover B2-2 to seal the memory 6, connecting the other end of the data line 4 with a sensor 3, placing the whole shell 2 into the cylinder body A1-1, and then covering the end cover A1-2;
and step four, integrally lifting the experimental device to a height of 1 m from the ground, enabling the experimental device to freely fall to impact the ground, measuring data by the sensor 3, recording the data by the memory 6, and taking out the memory 6 to read the data after the falling experiment is finished.
Example 2
In this embodiment, an experimental device is designed to simulate a 10kg charge 12m drop impact process and measure the internal temperature of a sample in the impact process.
According to the principle of gravitational potential energy equivalence, a device with the falling height of 2 meters and the requirement of 60kg is designed, wherein the mass of the explosive is 10kg, and the mass of the counterweight and the shell is 50 kg. The specific calculation method is as follows:
E＝m1gh1＝m2gh2
where the subscript "1" represents the actual requirement, this example m1＝10kg，h112m, subscript "2" represents the model experimental parameters, example m2＝60kg，h2＝2m。
The experimental device comprises a balance weight 1, a shell 2, a sensor 3, a data wire 4, a sample 5 and a memory 6, the device is integrally in a sleeve type cylindrical structure, the balance weight 1 and the shell 2 are made of Q235 steel, the memory 6 is a flash memory type missile-borne memory, the balance weight 1 is composed of a cylinder body A1-1 and an end cover A1-2, the cylinder body A1-1 and the end cover A1-2 are connected through threads, the shell 2 is composed of a cylinder body B2-1, an end cover B2-2 and an end cover C2-3, the cylinder body B2-1 is provided with internal threads at the opening end, the end cover B2-2 and the end cover C2-3 are both in a pan shape, the opening end of the end cover B2-2 is provided with a notch with the depth of 2mm and used for leading out the data wire 4, the end cover B2-2 is provided with external threads, the end cover B2-2 is fixed on the, the end cap B2-2 and the end cap C2-3 are freely connected, the shell 2 is closed inside the balance weight 1, the sample 5 fills the cavity inside the shell 2, if a small gap exists, a sample needs to be further supplemented to ensure that the whole space is filled, the sensor 3 is embedded inside the sample 5, the sensor 3 used is a strain gauge which is encapsulated by heat-resistant resin and then embedded into the sample, one end of the data wire 4 is connected with the sensor 3, the other end of the data wire passes through a gap at the opening end of the end cap B2-2 and is connected with the memory 6, and the memory 6 is placed in the cavity inside the assembly formed by the end cap B2-2 and the end cap C2-3 and is used for recording data captured by the sensor during falling and impacting;
the experimental procedure was as follows:
step one, determining the total mass of the balance weight 1 and the shell 2 according to the gravitational potential energy equivalent principle, namely E-mgh, wherein the height h of the device in the actual experiment2Is 2 meters;
secondly, assembling according to the sequence from inside to outside, firstly embedding the sensor 3 into the sample 5, then coating a layer of industrial silicone oil on the inner surface of the shell 2, and integrally placing the sample 5 and the sensor 3 into the shell 2;
screwing an end cover B2-2 onto a cylinder body B2-1, placing a memory 6 into the end cover B2-2, connecting one end of a data line 4 with the memory 6, covering the end cover C2-3 on the end cover B2-2 to seal the memory 6, connecting the other end of the data line 4 with a sensor 3, placing the whole shell 2 into the cylinder body A1-1, and then covering the end cover A1-2;
and step four, integrally lifting the experimental device to a height of 2 meters above the ground, enabling the experimental device to freely fall to impact the ground, measuring data by the sensor 3, recording the data by the memory 6, and taking out the memory 6 to read the data after the falling experiment is finished.

Claims (1)

1. The utility model provides a fall model experimental apparatus which characterized in that: the device comprises a balance weight (1), a shell (2), a sensor (3), a data line (4), a sample (5) and a memory (6), the device is integrally of a sleeve type cylinder structure, the balance weight (1) is composed of a cylinder body A (1-1) and an end cover A (1-2), the cylinder body A (1-1) and the end cover A (1-2) are connected through threads, the shell (2) is composed of a cylinder body B (2-1), an end cover B (2-2) and an end cover C (2-3), the cylinder body B (2-1) is provided with internal threads at the opening end, the end cover B (2-2) and the end cover C (2-3) are both in a pan shape, the opening end of the end cover B (2-2) is provided with a notch with the depth of 2mm, the end cover B (2-2) is provided with external threads, the end cover B (2-2) is fixed on the barrel body B (2-1) through threads, the end cover B (2-2) is freely connected with the end cover C (2-3), the shell (2) is sealed inside the balance weight (1), the sample (5) fills the cavity inside the shell (2), the sensor (3) is embedded inside the sample (5), one end of the data line (4) is connected with the sensor (3), the other end of the data line penetrates through a notch at the opening end of the end cover B (2-2) to be connected with the memory (6), and the memory (6) is placed in the cavity inside an assembly formed by the end cover B (2-2) and the end cover C (2-3).
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