CN108801447A - A kind of wind energy conversion system noise measuring system and test method - Google Patents
A kind of wind energy conversion system noise measuring system and test method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108801447A CN108801447A CN201810734816.5A CN201810734816A CN108801447A CN 108801447 A CN108801447 A CN 108801447A CN 201810734816 A CN201810734816 A CN 201810734816A CN 108801447 A CN108801447 A CN 108801447A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H17/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves, not provided for in the preceding groups
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of wind energy conversion system noise measuring systems, including：Meteorologic survey instrument, including air velocity transducer (1), wind transducer (2), temperature sensor (3), rain sensor (4), baroceptor (5), it is sequentially arranged at anemometer tower (6) top from top to bottom；Sound-measuring device device, including microphone, sound level meter, third-octave band spectrum measurement instrument, narrow band spectrum tester；Power of the assembling unit sensor, rotation speed of fan sensor and wind turbine pitch angle transducer, the equal voltage signal output of three above measurement value sensor；It is arranged around wind power generating set, is spaced three data collection points of 100m-200m, uses wireless transmission method to carry out far distance controlled and data transmission between hardware；And host, it is wirelessly connect with three data collection points, is used for data real-time storage, analysis and display.Corresponding wind energy conversion system noise testing method is also disclosed, to form test system and testing scheme for standard design.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the noise measuring system of noise testing technical field, especially wind energy conversion system and test methods.
Background technology
Standard IEC 61400-11, GB/T 22516-2008,2015, AWEA, BWEA define the fortune of wind power generating set
Row noise measuring method.The purpose of noise testing be in order to obtain the noise emission characteristic of wind power generating set, obtain it is different away from
From the size that apparatus for lower wind machine sends out noise, IEC61400-11《Noise testing》The method of middle offer can measure separate unit wind-power electricity generation
Unit from 6-10m/s integer wind speed when apparent A weighteds acoustic power level, frequency spectrum and value.The process of measurement that standard provides is at certain
A little aspects are different from the program employed in city noise research, it is contemplated that wind speed and direction change is very big, the former is more likely to
Keep the description of wind power generating set noise easier, the standardization for measuring the step also allows between different wind power generating sets
Compare.
However it is also adopted in the prior art without standard compliant data there is no the testing scheme specifically for standard design
The test system that collection hardware and data processing software cooperatively form, to cause wind power generating set noise testing that can not be marked
Accurate implementation.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of wind energy conversion system noise measuring systems, including：
Meteorologic survey instrument, including air velocity transducer (1), wind transducer (2), temperature sensor (3), rain sensor
(4), baroceptor (5) are sequentially arranged at anemometer tower (6) top from top to bottom；
Sound-measuring device device, including microphone, sound level meter, third-octave band spectrum measurement instrument, narrow band spectrum tester, it is described
Sound level is calculated as I class sound level meters, and the third-octave is with the spectrum measurement instrument at least frequency range of 45-11200Hz；It is described narrow
Band spectrum measurement instrument is I quasi-instruments, and frequency range is 20-11200Hz；
Power of the assembling unit sensor measures the power of wind turbine unit, and voltage signal output；
Rotation speed of fan sensor measures the rotating speed of wind turbine, and voltage signal output；
Wind turbine pitch angle transducer measures the pitch angle of wind turbine, and voltage signal output；
It is arranged around wind power generating set, three data collection points being spaced between 100m-200m, three data acquisitions
Far distance controlled and data transmission are carried out using wireless transmission method between the hardware of point；And
Host is wirelessly connect with three data collection points, is used for data real-time storage, analysis and display.
Preferably, first data collection point connection microphone measures the noise of wind turbine unit, and uses 4 channel datas
Collecting device acquires noise signal and plurality of voltages signal all the way；Second data collection point and third data collection point difference
The voltage signal for acquiring wind speed, wind direction, the power of the assembling unit, rotating speed and the output of pitch angle transducer, is set using the acquisition of 32 channel datas
Standby acquisition plurality of voltages signal.
The present invention also aims to provide a kind of wind energy conversion system noise testing method, including：
Step 1, microphone is placed on the tablet on ground, is used for acquisition noise data；
Step 2, it is measured while measuring sound and acquires meteorological data, when wind-driven generator is shut down, in similar wind regime
Under measure ambient noise at once, when measuring ambient noise, verify whether the ambient noise can represent wind-driven generator noise
The ambient noise occurred during actinometry；
Step 3, measurement wind speed is converted into the standard wind speed under various criterion corresponds under corresponding conditions；
Step 4, sound pressure level is measured, the amendment of ambient noise is carried out；
Step 5, the apparent sound power level of integer wind speed is obtained by background correction sound pressure level, completes wind energy conversion system noise testing.
Preferably, the tablet of the step 1 is made of the metal material of a diameter of 1m, and the position of the microphone is arrived
The distance of wind energy conversion system is R0, R0=H+D/2, wherein H be hub centre to the height on ground, D is rotor diameter.
Preferably, step 3 various criterion is respectively IEC61400-11, AWEA and BWEA, wherein
Under IEC61400-11 standards, the measurement method of wind speed is to push away wind speed using power curve is counter, and wind speed standardized way is conversion
To the corresponding standard wind speed V of altitude datum 10m and benchmark degree of roughness 0.05ms,Wherein,
z0refIndicate reference roughness, 0.05m；z0Indicate roughness length；zrefIndicate altitude datum, 10m；Z is anemobiagraph height；?
Under AWEA standards, wind speed is directly measured by anemometer tower, and wind speed standardized way, which is similarly, is transformed into altitude datum 10m and benchmark is thick
The rough corresponding standard wind speed V of degree 0.05ms；Under BWEA standards, wind speed is directly measured by anemometer tower, the standardization of wind speed
Mode is to be transformed at hub height and the corresponding standard wind speed V of benchmark degree of roughness 0.05ms, i.e., altitude datum is converted
For hub height.
Preferably, the step 4 measures sound pressure level, and the amendment for carrying out ambient noise includes：When average background noise acoustic pressure
When grade is lower 6dB than the synthesis sound pressure level of wind-driven generator and ambient noise or more, correction value is determined by following formula：
Wherein, LsFor the equivalent continuous sound pressure level of itself in the generating set operation of wind energy conversion system；Ls+nFor wind power generating set
With the equivalent continuous sound pressure level of background composite noise；LnFor the equivalent continuous sound pressure level of background；
If wind power generating set adds the equivalent continuous sound pressure level L of ambient noises+nIt is higher by value than ambient noise and is less than 6dB
But it is greater than 3dB, then Ls+nValue be modified by subtracting 1.3dB, data carry out special marking after cannot be used for determination regard
In acoustic power level；
If if wind power generating set adds the equivalent continuous sound pressure level L of ambient noises+nValue is higher by than ambient noise to be less than
3dB, just without recording these data, the generating set noise that need to only record wind energy conversion system is less than ambient noise.
Preferably, the step 5 is passed through following public by the apparent sound power level of background correction sound pressure level acquisition integer wind speed
Formula calculates：
Wherein, LAeq,c,kIndicate the A weighted sound pressure levels of the background correction of integer wind speed under base condition；R1For wind wheel center
To the slant range of microphone；S0On the basis of area, S0=1m2。
Preferably, the wind energy conversion system noise testing method further includes：The substandard tone analysis of IEC61400-11.
Preferably, the wind energy conversion system noise testing method further includes：The substandard rated sound pressure levels of AWEA, ambient noise
Grade, the relation curve apart from wind wheel center different location sound pressure level.
Preferably, the wind energy conversion system noise testing method further includes：Simplified tone analysis is carried out under BWEA standards, and
Noise map is drawn, and the Noise map shows the emission characteristics of wind turbine power generation equipment acoustic noise, to be sent out according to different noises
Penetrate the suitable installation site of unit optimum selection of characteristic.
According to the following detailed description of specific embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art will be brighter
The above and other objects, advantages and features of the present invention.
Description of the drawings
Some specific embodiments that the invention will be described in detail by way of example and not limitation with reference to the accompanying drawings hereinafter.
Identical reference numeral denotes same or similar component or part in attached drawing.It should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that these
What attached drawing was not necessarily drawn to scale.The target and feature of the present invention will be apparent from view of following description taken together with the accompanying drawings,
In attached drawing：
Fig. 1 is to be illustrated according to the meteorologic survey instrument installation site of the wind energy conversion system noise measuring system of the embodiment of the present invention
Figure；
Fig. 2 is the wind energy conversion system and microphone position schematic diagram according to the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the wind energy conversion system noise testing method flow diagram according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
Referring to attached drawing 1, wind energy conversion system noise measuring system, including：Meteorologic survey instrument, including air velocity transducer 1, wind direction pass
Sensor 2, temperature sensor 3, rain sensor 4, baroceptor 5 are sequentially arranged at 6 top of anemometer tower from top to bottom；Survey sound
Instrument, including microphone, sound level meter, third-octave band spectrum measurement instrument, narrow band spectrum tester, sound level are calculated as I class sound levels
Meter, third-octave is with the spectrum measurement instrument at least frequency range of 45-11200Hz；Narrow band spectrum tester is I quasi-instruments, and
And frequency range is 20-11200Hz；Power of the assembling unit sensor measures the power of wind turbine unit, and voltage signal output；Wind
Machine speed probe measures the rotating speed of wind turbine, and voltage signal output；Wind turbine pitch angle transducer, measures the pitch of wind turbine
Angle, and voltage signal output；It is arranged around wind power generating set, three data collection points being spaced between 100m-200m,
First data collection point connection microphone measures the noise of wind turbine unit, and acquires one using 4 channel data collecting devices
Road noise signal and plurality of voltages signal；Second data collection point and third data collection point acquire respectively wind speed, wind direction,
The voltage signal of the power of the assembling unit, rotating speed and the output of pitch angle transducer acquires plurality of voltages using 32 channel data collecting devices
Signal carries out far distance controlled and data transmission between the hardware of three data collection points using wireless transmission method；And it is main
Machine is wirelessly connect with three data collection points, is used for data real-time storage, analysis and display.
Referring to Fig. 3, a kind of wind energy conversion system noise testing method, including：
Step 1, microphone is placed on the tablet on ground, is used for acquisition noise data, tablet is with a diameter of 1m's
Metal material is made, and referring to Fig. 2, the distance of position to the wind energy conversion system of microphone is R0, R0=H+D/2, wherein H are hub centre
To the height on ground, D is rotor diameter.
Step 2, it is measured while measuring sound and acquires meteorological data, when wind-driven generator is shut down, in similar wind regime
Under measure ambient noise at once, when measuring ambient noise, verify whether the ambient noise can represent wind-driven generator noise
The ambient noise occurred during actinometry；
Step 3, measurement wind speed is converted into the standard wind speed under various criterion corresponds under corresponding conditions, here various criterion
Present is respectively IEC61400-11, AWEA and BWEA, wherein under IEC61400-11 standards, the measurement of wind speed
Method is to push away wind speed using power curve is counter, and wind speed standardized way is to be transformed into altitude datum 10m and benchmark degree of roughness
The corresponding standard wind speed V of 0.05ms,Wherein, z0refIndicate reference roughness, 0.05m；z0
Indicate roughness length；zrefIndicate altitude datum, 10m；Z is anemobiagraph height；Under AWEA standards, wind speed is direct by anemometer tower
It measures, wind speed standardized way, which is similarly, is transformed into altitude datum 10m and the corresponding standard wind speeds of benchmark degree of roughness 0.05m
Vs；Under BWEA standards, wind speed is directly measured by anemometer tower, and the standardized way of wind speed is to be transformed at hub height and benchmark
The corresponding standard wind speed V of degree of roughness 0.05ms, i.e., altitude datum is converted into hub height.
Step 4, sound pressure level is measured, the amendment of ambient noise is carried out, including：When average background noise sound pressure level is sent out than wind-force
When low 6dB of synthesis sound pressure level of motor and ambient noise or more, correction value is determined by following formula：
Wherein, LsFor the equivalent continuous sound pressure level of itself in the generating set operation of wind energy conversion system；Ls+nFor wind power generating set
With the equivalent continuous sound pressure level of background composite noise；LnFor the equivalent continuous sound pressure level of background；
If wind power generating set adds the equivalent continuous sound pressure level L of ambient noises+nIt is higher by value than ambient noise and is less than 6dB
But it is greater than 3dB, then Ls+nValue be modified by subtracting 1.3dB, data carry out special marking after cannot be used for determination regard
In acoustic power level；
If if wind power generating set adds the equivalent continuous sound pressure level L of ambient noises+nValue is higher by than ambient noise to be less than
3dB, just without recording these data, the generating set noise that need to only record wind energy conversion system is less than ambient noise.
Step 5, the apparent sound power level that integer wind speed is obtained by background correction sound pressure level, is calculated by following formula：
See also Fig. 2, wherein LAeq,c,kIndicate the A weighted sound pressure levels of the background correction of integer wind speed under base condition；
R1For the slant range at wind wheel center to microphone；S0On the basis of area, S0=1m2。
Certainly according to different standard requirements, wind energy conversion system noise testing method can also be extended test, such as
The substandard tone analysis of IEC61400-11；The substandard rated sound pressure levels of AWEA, background noise level, apart from wind wheel center not
With the relation curve of position sound pressure level；And simplified tone analysis and Noise map drafting are carried out under BWEA standards.Noise
The emission characteristics of map denotation wind turbine power generation equipment acoustic noise, to suitable according to the unit optimum selection of different noise emission characteristics
Installation site.
It, will not be by these embodiments although the present invention is described by reference to specific illustrative embodiment
Restriction and only limited by accessory claim.It should be understood by those skilled in the art that can be without departing from the present invention's
The embodiment of the present invention can be modified and be changed in the case of protection domain and spirit.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of wind energy conversion system noise measuring system, it is characterised in that including：
Meteorologic survey instrument, including air velocity transducer (1), wind transducer (2), temperature sensor (3), rain sensor (4),
Baroceptor (5) is sequentially arranged at anemometer tower (6) top from top to bottom；
Sound-measuring device device, including microphone, sound level meter, third-octave band spectrum measurement instrument, narrow band spectrum tester, the sound level
I class sound level meters are calculated as, the third-octave is with the spectrum measurement instrument at least frequency range of 45-11200Hz；The narrowband frequency
Spectrum tester is I quasi-instruments, and frequency range is 20-11200Hz；
Power of the assembling unit sensor measures the power of wind turbine unit, and voltage signal output；
Rotation speed of fan sensor measures the rotating speed of wind turbine, and voltage signal output；
Wind turbine pitch angle transducer measures the pitch angle of wind turbine, and voltage signal output；
It is arranged around wind power generating set, three data collection points being spaced between 100m-200m, three data collection points
Far distance controlled and data transmission are carried out using wireless transmission method between hardware；And
Host is wirelessly connect with three data collection points, is used for data real-time storage, analysis and display.
2. a kind of wind energy conversion system noise measuring system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：First data collection point connects
The noise that microphone measures wind turbine unit is connect, and noise signal and Multi-path electricity all the way are acquired using 4 channel data collecting devices
Press signal；Second data collection point and third data collection point acquire wind speed, wind direction, the power of the assembling unit, rotating speed and slurry respectively
The voltage signal of pitch angle sensor output acquires plurality of voltages signal using 32 channel data collecting devices.
3. a kind of wind energy conversion system noise testing method using any wind energy conversion system noise measuring systems of claim 1-2, special
Sign is：
Step 1, microphone is placed on the tablet on ground, is used for acquisition noise data；
Step 2, it is measured while measuring sound and acquisition meteorological data is stood when wind-driven generator is shut down under similar wind regime
It carves and measures ambient noise, when measuring ambient noise, verify whether the ambient noise can represent wind-driven generator noise radiation
The ambient noise occurred during measurement；
Step 3, measurement wind speed is converted into the standard wind speed under various criterion corresponds under corresponding conditions；
Step 4, sound pressure level is measured, the amendment of ambient noise is carried out；
Step 5, the apparent sound power level of integer wind speed is obtained by background correction sound pressure level, completes wind energy conversion system noise testing.
4. wind energy conversion system noise testing method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The tablet of the step 1 is used
The metal material of a diameter of 1m is made, and the distance of position to the wind energy conversion system of the microphone is R0, R0=H+D/2, wherein H are wheel
To the height on ground, D is rotor diameter at hub center.
5. wind energy conversion system noise testing method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The step 3 various criterion difference
For IEC61400-11, AWEA and BWEA, wherein under IEC61400-11 standards, the measurement method of wind speed is to utilize power
Curve is counter to push away wind speed, and wind speed standardized way is to be transformed into altitude datum 10m and the corresponding marks of benchmark degree of roughness 0.05m
Quasi- wind speed Vs,Wherein, z0refIndicate reference roughness, 0.05m；z0Indicate roughness length；zref
Indicate altitude datum, 10m；Z is anemobiagraph height；Under AWEA standards, wind speed is directly measured by anemometer tower, wind speed standardization side
Formula, which is similarly, is transformed into the corresponding standard wind speed V of altitude datum 10m and benchmark degree of roughness 0.05ms；Under BWEA standards,
Wind speed is directly measured by anemometer tower, and the standardized way of wind speed is to be transformed at hub height and benchmark degree of roughness 0.05m phases
Corresponding standard wind speed Vs, i.e., altitude datum is converted into hub height.
6. wind energy conversion system noise testing method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The step 4 measures sound pressure level, into
The amendment of row ambient noise includes：When average background noise sound pressure level is lower than the synthesis sound pressure level of wind-driven generator and ambient noise
When 6dB or more, correction value is determined by following formula：
Wherein, LsFor the equivalent continuous sound pressure level of itself in the generating set operation of wind energy conversion system；Ls+nFor wind power generating set and the back of the body
The equivalent continuous sound pressure level of scape composite noise；LnFor the equivalent continuous sound pressure level of background；
If wind power generating set adds the equivalent continuous sound pressure level L of ambient noises+nIt is higher by value still less than 6dB than ambient noise
More than 3dB, then Ls+nValue be modified by subtracting 1.3dB, data cannot be used for determining apparent sound after carrying out special marking
Power stage；
If if wind power generating set adds the equivalent continuous sound pressure level L of ambient noises+nIt is higher by value than ambient noise and is less than 3dB,
Just without recording these data, the generating set noise that need to only record wind energy conversion system is less than ambient noise.
7. wind energy conversion system noise testing method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The step 5 is by background correction sound
Arbitrarily downgrade obtain integer wind speed apparent sound power level calculated by following formula：
Wherein, LAeq,c,kIndicate the A weighted sound pressure levels of the background correction of integer wind speed under base condition；R1For wind wheel center to biography
The slant range of sound device；S0On the basis of area, S0=1m2。
8. according to any wind energy conversion system noise testing methods of claim 3-7, it is characterised in that：The wind energy conversion system noise is surveyed
Method for testing further includes：The substandard tone analysis of IEC61400-11.
9. according to any wind energy conversion system noise testing methods of claim 3-7, it is characterised in that：The wind energy conversion system noise is surveyed
Method for testing further includes：The substandard rated sound pressure levels of AWEA, background noise level, apart from the pass of wind wheel center different location sound pressure level
It is curve.
10. according to any wind energy conversion system noise testing methods of claim 3-7, it is characterised in that：The wind energy conversion system noise
Test method further includes：Simplified tone analysis is carried out under BWEA standards and Noise map is drawn, and the Noise map is shown
The emission characteristics of wind turbine power generation equipment acoustic noise, to according to the suitable installation position of unit optimum selection of different noise emission characteristics
It sets.
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| CN114295856A (en) * | 2022-01-28 | 2022-04-08 | 同济大学 | Acoustic-based centrifuge rotating speed non-contact type measuring method and device |
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