CN108801058A - Laser system of defense and high altitude airship - Google Patents
Laser system of defense and high altitude airship Download PDFInfo
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- CN108801058A CN108801058A CN201710296422.1A CN201710296422A CN108801058A CN 108801058 A CN108801058 A CN 108801058A CN 201710296422 A CN201710296422 A CN 201710296422A CN 108801058 A CN108801058 A CN 108801058A
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- haa
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- F41H11/00—Defence installations; Defence devices
- F41H11/02—Anti-aircraft or anti-guided missile or anti-torpedo defence installations or systems
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64B—LIGHTER-THAN AIR AIRCRAFT
- B64B1/00—Lighter-than-air aircraft
- B64B1/06—Rigid airships; Semi-rigid airships
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B19/00—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Optical Radar Systems And Details Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of sky-based laser system of defense according to the ... of the embodiment of the present invention, including high altitude airship (HAA).High altitude airship (HAA) includes filled with the balloon for rising gas, and the focusing optics by the laser beam focus outside high altitude airship at target.Laser beam can reach high altitude airship from the sky-based laser device (SBL) being maintained in geostationary orbit.Using the technical solution of the application, HAA can remain close to known launching site or the submarine of transmitting target missiles.Therefore, HAA can be intercepted definitely and be destroyed target missiles.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to laser system of defense and high altitude airship.
Background technology
It has been contemplated that and uses sky-based laser device (SBL) in following ballistic missile defense system.Use superlaser
(HEL) directed energy weapon (DEW) go destroy maximum flying speed be close to a big advantage of 20 Mach of ballistic missile, in light
Laser beam anything propagation than other is all fast under speed.Another advantage is that laser beam can propagate hundreds of public affairs in space
In, because laser beam will not be absorbed or be scattered.
The conventional conception of SBL systems of defense 910 is shown in figure 16.SBL systems of defense 910 include SBL 902a and SBL
902b.SBL 902a generate the laser beam L901 for focusing on ballistic missile 911.SBL 902a and SBL 902b are in LEO
(LEO) height of about 500km is maintained in be intercepted and destroyed in the boost phase of ballistic missile 911.Trajectory is led
Bullet 911 is from the enemy field 901 being usually located near ocean 900.Have been contemplated that the hydrogen fluoride in about 2.7um using oscillation
(HF) main candidate laser of the chemical laser as SBL, because HF laser can be operated without big supply of electric power
Chemical laser.Also, it has proven that HF lasers generate the high power laser output of MW class.In order to realize that the whole world is covered
Lid, estimation need about 20 SBL in total.
Another concept of SBL systems of defense includes ground laser (GBL) and relay lens satellite (RMS).Hereinafter, should
System is referred to as GBL and RMS systems of defense.As shown in figure 17, it in GBL and RMS systems of defense 920, will be carried from GBL 921
The laser beam L902 taken travels to RMS 922a.RMS 922a reflect incoming laser beam L902, and as laser beam
L903 focuses on ballistic missile 911.The advantages of GBL and RMS systems of defense 920, is only adopted in GMS and RMS systems of defense 920
It is sufficient with single GBL 921.This is because very extensive and heavy very high power laser is difficult to open on earth
It sends out and builds.In addition, compared with the above-mentioned conventional conception of SBL systems of defense the case where, chemical substance and/or laser are recycled
Maintenance is easy.
These concepts of defensive space system are explained in the literature, such as：Jim F.Riker, " sky-based laser device plan
Summarize ", international light engineering association minutes, volume 4632,181-186 pages, (Jim F.Riker, " An in 2002
Overview of the Space-based Laser (SBL) Program ", Proceedings of SPIE, Vol.4632,
pp.181-186(2002))；Michael J.Stephens, " control light：Laser/satellite relay mirror system with 2035
Deterrence ", war institute of air force, Air University, (Michael J.Stephens, " Harnessing Light in 2010:
Laser/Satellite Relay Mirror Systems and Deterrence in 2035”,Air War College,
Air University(2010))；And Charles B.Stevens, " the beginning：First space-based defence ", EIR, volume 15,11
Number, March 11, (Charles B.Stevens, " Alpha in 1998:the first space-based
Defense, ", Vol.15, No.11, March 11 (1988)).
Invention content
The main problem of conventional SBL systems of defense is to need many SBL to destroy even from the hair predicted
The ballistic missile of field is penetrated, because SBL needs to orbit round the earth always.Therefore, even if potential enemy state very little, it is also desirable to many
SBL goes to intercept the ballistic missile from there.
On the other hand, the main problem of GBL and RMS systems of defense is caused by only due to use GBL.That is,
Since the laser beam that is extracted from GBL is by air borne, so laser beam is by absorbing, scatter and thermal blooming is influenced.Therefore, no
Only laser power reduces, and it is also required to provide the adaptation speculum before the deformation wave that can correct light beam in all RMS.Cause
This, whole system becomes complicated.In addition, GBL should preferably lie in the always sunny place of air of exclusive.
The present invention relates to the laser systems of defense that one kind including high altitude airship (HAA).High altitude airship includes filled with promotion
The balloon of gas, and the focusing optics by the laser beam focus outside high altitude airship in target.
The invention further relates to a kind of high altitude airship, including：
Balloon is filled with lift gas, and
Focusing optics, by the laser beam focus from the high altitude airship at target.
HAA can remain close to known launching site or the submarine of transmitting target missiles.Therefore, HAA can be intercepted definitely
And destroy target missiles.HAA is explained in the following documents, such as：Lewis Jamison et al. the, " height of following army's arms
Empty dirigible ", Rand Corporation publish, (" Lewis Jamison, et al. " High-Altitude Airships in 2005
the Future Force Army”,Published by RAND Corporation(2005))。
According to detailed description given below and the attached drawing above-mentioned and other purposes that present invention will become more fully understood, spy
It seeks peace advantage, detailed description given below and attached drawing, which only just illustrate, to be provided, thus can not be considered to limit this hair
It is bright.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the concept map of sky-based laser system of defense 1；
Fig. 2 is the figure for showing the relationship between air pressure and height；
Fig. 3 is the table for the spot diameter for showing calculated target missiles；
Fig. 4 is for explaining the perspective view for focusing laser beam by spherical concave mirror；
Fig. 5 shows the side view and upward view of the focus lamp in HAA 105；
Fig. 6 is the perspective view of the bending mirror 107 in HAA 105；
Fig. 7 is the cross sectional side view for the focusing optics of HAA 105；
Fig. 8 is the cross sectional side view for the focusing optics of HAA 105；
Fig. 9 is the cross sectional side view of common CW chemical lasers；
Figure 10 is the cross sectional side view of common pulsed chemical laser；
Figure 11 is the common cross sectional side view for rushing chemical laser；
Figure 12 is the cross sectional side view of common pulsed chemical laser；
Figure 13 is the cross sectional side view of pulsed chemical laser；
Figure 14 is the cross sectional side view of pulsed chemical laser；
Figure 15 is the concept map of space based defense system 2；
Figure 16 is the concept map of conventional SBL systems of defense 910；And
Figure 17 is the concept map of conventional GBL and RMS systems of defense 920.
Specific implementation mode
It is explained with reference to the drawings exemplary embodiment of the present invention.Following exemplary embodiments are only the examples of the present invention, this
Invention is not limited to these exemplary embodiments.It is noted that the component that identical drawing reference numeral indicates in the description and the appended drawings shows phase
Same component.
First embodiment
Hereinafter, first embodiment according to the present invention is described based on Fig. 1.Fig. 1 is the general of sky-based laser system of defense 1
Read figure.SBL systems of defense 1 include SBL (sky-based laser device) 100 and HAA (high-altitude vehicle) 105.SBL 100 has pulse chemistry
Oxygen-iodine laser (COIL, chemical oxygen-iodine laser) 101, optical beam expander 102 and deviation mirror
(steering mirror)103。
SBL 100 is maintained at the height of 35786km in GEO.There is pulse COIL 101 oscillator and amplifier (to scheme
It is not shown in 1).Pulse COIL 101 has MOPA (the master oscillator and power amplifier) system for being widely used in a variety of lasers
System, to generate high quality, powerful laser beam.Therefore, pulse COIL 101 generates the high quality 1.315um of diffraction limited
The laser beam of wavelength.The laser beam L1 extracted is extended to the light beam of about 6m diameters by optical beam expander 102.The laser of extension
Beam L1 is diverted the reflection of mirror 103, and is propagated towards HAA 105.HAA 105 is floated by large balloon 106.Photoelectrical solar electricity
Pond (not shown) may be mounted on the balloon 106.Large balloon 106 is filled with the lift gas of such as hydrogen.HAA 105 is protected
Hold the height in about 23km.HAA 105 is maintained at the height lower than the height of SBL 100.HAA 105 is maintained at than spraying gas
The high height of the height of stream.HAA 105 is unmanned airship, therefore is controlled by radio communication from remote earth station.
In this embodiment, since HAA 105 is at 38 degree of latitude, and positioned at as the longitude of SBL 100
Longitude at, therefore, from SBL 100 to HAA, 105 distance is about 36000km.Therefore, the laser beam L2 at HAA 105
Diameter become about 10m, this can be calculate by the following formula out.
D=4M2λf/πD
M2It is Beam quality parameter, since laser beam L1 is the light beam of diffraction limited, Beam quality parameter is about
1.0；λ is optical maser wavelength, is 1.315um；F is focal length, is 36000km；And D is initial beam diameter, is about
6m。
The carryings of HAA 105 include the focusing optics of big rectangular bend mirror 107 and big rectangle focus lamp 108.Enter
Laser beam L2 is penetrated to be incident on bending mirror 107.The bending mirror 107 reflects laser beam L2 towards focus lamp 108.Focus lamp 108 will
Laser beam L3 is reflected and is focused at ballistic missile 911.MISSILE LAUNCHING Flied emission of the ballistic missile 911 from enemy field 901.It leads
Launching site is played to be located near ocean 900.When being 100km from HAA 105 to the distance of ballistic missile 911, at ballistic missile 911
The focal beam spot diameter of laser beam L3 become about 1.7cm.Therefore, if the energy of laser beam L3 is about 23KJ, bullet
Irradiation energy density at ballistic missile 911 becomes about 10kJ/cm2, this is enough the metal shell for destroying ballistic missile 911.
The HAA 105 that SBL systems of defense 1 use may remain in 20 to 30km height.If height is higher than 18km,
Air pressure is less than 0.1atm (see Fig. 2).Therefore, the thermal blooming effects and adsorption effect for influencing the laser beam from HAA are less than ground
1/10 of these effects in ball earth's surface.In this embodiment, since HAA 105 is maintained at the height of about 23km, so hot
1/20 of halo effect and adsorption effect less than these effects in earth earth's surface.
For example, explaining the pulse COIL as HEL DEW in the following documents：
K.Takehisa, " research defendd using the ship of pulse COIL ", international light engineering association minutes,
Volume 9650,965003,2015 years (K.Takehisa, " Considerations of a ship defense with a
Pulsed COIL ", Proceedings of SPIE, Vol.9650,965003 (2015)).
Since HAA 105 can be always held near enemy field, so HAA and SBL is only needed to go to supervise
Depending on the MISSILE LAUNCHING of enemy, and intercepts and destroy ballistic missile 911.This is SBL systems of defense 1 according to first embodiment
Major advantage.
Another advantage of SBL systems of defense 1 according to first embodiment is that the beam sizes focused at target become foot
It is enough small, it is gone to destroy ballistic missile 911 with the laser energy of tens kJ so as to only.This is by using big focus lamp 108
Realize because about 36000km length away from during propagation, the diameter of incoming laser beam L2 increases.
Laser energy needed for SBL 100 depends on the Light beam spot diameter at target ballistic missile 911.Since hot spot is straight
Diameter depends on the spot diameter extended at SBL 100, and additionally depends on from HAA range-to-gos, so being extended at SBL
The parameter of beam diameter calculate spot diameter.Calculated value row are in figure 3.Table described in Fig. 3 shows at SBL 100
Beam diameter it is bigger, the mirror at HAA is smaller.In addition, the table described in Fig. 3 shows that the beam diameter at HAA 105 is got over
Small, the spot diameter at target ballistic missile 911 is bigger.Therefore, in order to design SBL systems of defense 1, mirror 107 at HAA 105
Maximum with 108 can use the design parameter that size is crucial.
Since laser beam L2 is bent about 90 degree by mirror 108, so focus lamp 108 has spill double-curved surface (concave
Toroidal surface), to reduce the spot size for the focal spot for focusing laser beam L3.Therefore, the song of vertical direction
Rate radius is different from the radius of curvature of horizontal direction.If focus lamp 108 does not use spill double-curved surface mirror, focus lamp
108 use spherical concave mirror, then as shown in figure 4, due to generating serious astigmatism, laser beam cannot be by tight focus
(tight focusing)。
In order to form double-curved surface (toroidal surface), thin flat plate system of the focus lamp 108 by being deformed by gravity
At.The side view and upward view of focus lamp 108 are as shown in Figure 5.Focus lamp 108 include multiple adjustable column 120a to 120d with
And runner plate 108a.Runner plate 108a is deformed by gravity.Runner plate 108a has rectangular shape.The rear surface of runner plate 108 is by described
Multiple adjustable segmented column supports.In Figure 5, the rear surface branch of four adjustable segmented column 120a, 120b, 120c and 120d from runner plate 108a
Support runner plate 108a.Adjustable segmented column 120a and adjustable segmented column 120b are symmetrically positioned relative to upward view in the horizontal direction.It is adjustable
Segmented column 120c and adjustable segmented column 120d are positioned symmetrically in relative to upward view in vertical direction.Since runner plate 108a is thin plate,
Therefore the surface of focus lamp 108 may be because gravity and slightly deform.However, by adjust four columns 120a, 120b, 120c and
The length of 120d, it is spill double-curved surface that can control the surface shape of deformation.The center of focus lamp 108 can be also pushed into
Another column 121.Column 121 can also adjust the surface shape of focus lamp 108.A kind of material appropriate for runner plate 108a is
Aluminium.Due to the lighter in weight of plastic plate, the plastic plate with highly-reflective coating front surface is also used as runner plate 108a.Make
It also is used as focus lamp 108 with the conventional deformable mirror of many actuators.
One of the difficult point of SBL systems of defense 1 is to need to accurately control deviation mirror 103, because the propagation of laser beam L1 is grown
It spends considerably long.Therefore, as shown in fig. 6, be mounted with around the bending mirror 107 of HAA 105 multiple photodetector 109a,
109b, 109c and 109d.In figure 6, it is attached to be placed on bending mirror 107 by four photodetectors 109a, 109b, 109c and 109d
Closely.Incident calibration laser beam L2a from SBL 100 can by these photodetectors 109a, 109b, 109c and 109d extremely
Few one detects.Calibration laser beam L2a is also provided by pulse COIL 101.However, the output energy of calibration laser beam L2a is remote
Output energy less than laser beam L2.Only the oscillator of pulse COIL 101 is operated and generates calibration laser beam L2a.?
That is the power amplifier of MOPA is not used in generation calibration laser beam L2a.By measure each photodetector 109a, 109b,
The laser power of calibration laser beam L2a at 109c and 109d, can be with the incoming position of testing calibration laser beam L2a.Work as adjustment
When the axis of calibration laser beam L2a is to reach the center for being bent mirror 107, by each photodetector 109a, 109b, 109c and 109d
Measured power is almost zero.Therefore, control deviation mirror 103 is so that the power each detected is maintained at zero level.
The laser other than pulse COIL 101 can also be used to be calibrated.However, due to come self calibration swash
Needed between the laser beam L2a of light device and laser beam L2 from pulse COIL 101 it is completely conllinear, so using school is also used for
Accurate pulse COIL 101 is so that calibration system is simple.
Another advantage of first embodiment is to need costliness than using using HAA 105 to carry focusing optics
The satellite of emission tool is cheap.Although typical HAA possibly can not carry heavy mirror, but as long as total weight in payload,
It can also carry big mirror.On the other hand, the size of satellite is limited by the payload space of emission tool.
Meanwhile the HAA 105 of first embodiment can suffer from the enemy attack of ground-to-air missile.However, being retained in GEO
SBL it is sufficiently high to avoid the attack of any type guided missile, such as anti-satellite multiple-stage missile.This is favourable, because of SBL ratios
HAA is more expensive also much more complex, so if it is destroyed, shadow caused by will be greater than HAA losses is influenced caused by loss
It rings.
Second embodiment
Hereinafter, illustrate second embodiment with reference to Fig. 7.In a second embodiment, the focusing light used in HAA 105
It is different from the focusing optics of first embodiment to learn device.Therefore, the description other than focusing optics is omitted.
Second embodiment is used in the case where HAA 105 is located at equator.Since incoming laser beam L2 is faced upward with height
Angle, so the bottom of HAA 105 is equipped with bending mirror 201.It is bent 201 upward reflection laser beam of mirror.It is reflected by bending mirror 201
Laser beam enters focus lamp 202.Focus lamp 202 focuses laser beam L3.Then, laser beam L3 arrival trajectorys guided missile 911 is focused.
3rd embodiment
Hereinafter, illustrate 3rd embodiment with reference to figure 8.In the third embodiment, the focusing light used in HAA 105
It is different from the focusing optics of first embodiment to learn device.Therefore, the description other than focusing optics is omitted.
Incoming laser beam L2 from SBL 100 is reflected by bending mirror 301.Incoming laser beam L2 is by concave mirror 302 and turns
It is reflected to mirror 303.Then, laser beam L3 arrival trajectorys guided missile 911.The advantages of 3rd embodiment is that concave mirror 302 can be recessed
The spherical surface of shape.Particularly, if concave mirror 302 is made of circular sheet, concave shape can be automatically formed by gravity.
However, since concave mirror 302 is not coaxially to use, it is possible that generating some astigmatism.
Although SBL 100 uses pulse COIL 101 in first to 3rd embodiment, can also use such as chemical
Other pulsed chemical lasers of oxygen laser (COL) or pulsed HF laser etc.Pulsed chemical laser compares continuous wave
(CW) the more suitable present invention of chemical laser, because laser beam L1 needs accurate direction control.CW chemical lasers usually need
Reaction gas is continuously pumped into exterior space during emitting laser, reaction force, therefore, light are generated to SBL in this way
The stability of Shu Zhixiang is affected.On the other hand, pulsed chemical laser can stop pumping reaction during impulse hunting
Gas.This is because laser cavity can be evacuated before laser generation, and can be from laser after impulse hunting
Reaction gas is pumped out in chamber.It therefore, can be to avoid generation reaction force during impulse hunting.
Difference between CW chemical lasers and pulsed chemical laser is illustrated with reference to Fig. 9 to Figure 12.Fig. 9 to Figure 12
Show the cross section view of common chemical laser.In general, chemical laser can be vibrated by mixing two gas.?
In Fig. 9, the CW chemical lasers 600 during laser generation are shown.Gas GA flows through valve 602a, and gas GB flows through valve 602b.
In gas GB after the outflow of nozzle 603, mixing two gas GA and GB.Then, gas GA and GB by laser cavity 601 to produce
Raw laser generation.Pass through the gas GA and GB after valve 602c pumping reactions.Therefore, during laser generation, all valve (i.e. valves
602a, 602b and valve 602c) all open.In the case of SBL, the gas GA and GB after reaction are pumped into space.Therefore,
By pumping away the gas GA and GB after reaction, reaction force is produced.Reaction force leads to uncertain vibration, and
Influence laser alignment stability.
On the other hand, in pulsed chemical laser 700 shown in Fig. 10, front openings of the valve 702c in laser operation.
The inside of laser cavity 701 is evacuated before laser operation.In order to start impulse hunting, valve 702a and 702b are opened,
Valve 702c is closed, as shown in figure 11.Gas GA flows through valve 702a, and gas GB flows through valve 702b.It is flowed out from nozzle 703 in gas GB
Later, mixing two gas GA and GB.Laser cavity 701 is filled with gas GA and GB.Since valve 702c is closed, laser cavity
Gross pressure in 701 increases.Then, when the pressure of laser cavity 701 reaches threshold value, laser pulse oscillation.When impulse hunting knot
Shu Shi, valve 702a and 702b are closed, and valve 702c is opened, as shown in figure 12.Then, after being filled in the reaction in laser cavity 701
Gas GA and GB be pumped into space.Therefore, pumping does not influence laser alignment stability.
In the case of HF chemical lasers, GA is hydrogen, and GB is fluorine.In the case of COIL, GA is singlet oxygen (O2(1
Δg)), GB is iodine.In the case of COL, GA is singlet oxygen (O2(1Δg)), and GB is not necessary.
For example, explaining the COL as HEL DEW in the following documents：K.Takehisa, " chemical oxygen laser it is anti-
The proposal of imperial application ", international light engineering association minutes, volume 9466,94660W, 2015 (K.Takehisa,
“Proposal of a defense application for a chemical oxygen laser”,Proceedings
of SPIE,Vol.9466,94660W(2015))。
Another configuration for the pulsed chemical laser 810 that can also be used in the present invention is shown in Figure 13.Pulse
The exclusive feature of chemical laser 810 is it equipped with big exhaust chamber 814.The pulse during pulse operating is shown in Figure 13
Chemical laser 810.As shown in figure 13, valve 812d is placed between exhaust chamber 814 and exterior space.Valve 812c is placed on laser
Between chamber 811 and exhaust chamber 814.Exhaust chamber 814 is more than laser cavity 811.
Gas GA flows through valve 812a, and gas GB flows through valve 812b.In gas GB after the outflow of nozzle 813, two kinds are mixed
Gas GA and GB.Laser cavity 811 is filled with gas GA and GB.Since valve 802c is closed, the gross pressure in laser cavity 811 increases
Add.Then, when the pressure of laser cavity 811 reaches threshold value, laser pulse oscillation.
Valve 812c is opened during pulse operates and closes valve 812d.Therefore, reaction gas G A and GB can the row of inflow
Gas chamber 814.But since valve 812d is to close, reaction gas G A and GB cannot be pumped into outside from exhaust chamber 814.
It therefore, can be to avoid generation reaction force during impulse hunting.Therefore laser alignment stability during laser generation not by
It influences.
Figure 14 shows another configuration for the pulsed chemical laser that can also be used in the present invention.Pulse chemistry laser
The exclusive feature of device 820 be its be equipped with there are two cryogenic absorption vacuum pump (cryosorption vacuum pump) 824a and
824b.Gas after cryogenic absorption vacuum pump 824a and 824b adsorption reaction.Valve 822a, valve 822b and laser cavity 821 are right respectively
It should be in valve 702a, valve 702b and laser cavity 701 in Figure 10.Therefore, the description of valve 822a, valve 822b and laser cavity 821 are omitted.
Figure 14 shows the pulsed chemical laser 820 during pulse operating.Cryogenic absorption vacuum pump 824a passes through valve
822e and valve 822c are connected to laser cavity 821.Cryogenic absorption vacuum pump 824a is connected to external sky by valve 822e and valve 822d
Between.Cryogenic absorption vacuum pump 824b is connected to laser cavity 821 by valve 822f and valve 822c.Cryogenic absorption vacuum pump 824b passes through
Valve 822f and valve 822d are connected to exterior space.
Valve 822c is opened, and valve 822d is closed.Between valve 822c and valve 822d, cryogenic absorption vacuum pump 824a and low temperature are inhaled
Attached vacuum pump 824b is connect with valve 822e and valve 822f respectively.First, valve 822e is opened, and cryogenic absorption vacuum pump 824a inhales
Gas after reaction enclosure.When the adsorption capacity of cryogenic absorption vacuum pump 824a drops to predeterminated level, valve 822e is closed, and
Valve 822f is opened.Then, the gas after cryogenic absorption vacuum pump 824b adsorption reactions.Therefore, pulsed chemical laser 820 can be with
Long pulse operating is provided without reaction gas is pumped into outside.Note that three or more cryogenic absorption vacuum pumps are connected
To laser cavity 821.
If pulsed chemical laser 820 is COIL, in cryogenic absorption vacuum pump 824a and cryogenic absorption vacuum pump
In 824b, carry out the gas after adsorption reaction (such as oxygen, iodine and buffer gas) usually using zeolite.Following documents, which explains, to be made
With the COIL of cryogenic absorption vacuum pump：
John Vetrovec, " chemical oxygen iodine laser with cryogenic absorption vacuum pump ", the meeting of international light engineering association
View record, volume 3931,60-70 pages, (John Vetrovec, " Chemical Oxygen-Iodine Laser in 2000
A Cryosorption Vacuum Pump ", Proceedings of SPIE, Vol.3931,60-70 (2000)；
XIA Liang-zhi et al., " investigation of cryogenic absorption vacuum system and COIL operation process ", international light
Engineering association's minutes, volume 6364,634630,2007 years (XIA Liang-zhi et al, " Investigation of
Cryosorption Vacuum System and Operation Process for COIL”,Proceedings of
SPIE,Vol.6346,634630(2007))；And
Mingxiu Xu et al., " using the chemical oxygen iodine laser of the cryogenic absorption vacuum with different buffer gas ",
The minutes of international light engineering association, volume 9255,925527,2015 years (Mingxiu Xu, et al, " Chemical
oxygen-iodine laser with a cryosorption vacuum with different buffer gases”,
Proceedings of SPIE,Vol.9255,925527(2015))。
Fourth embodiment
Hereinafter, referring to Fig.1 5 illustrate the present invention the 4th embodiment.System is defendd according to the space-based of fourth embodiment
System 2 includes SBL 100 and HAA 105.SBL 100 and HAA 105 has and SBL described in first embodiment and HAA 105
Those of the essentially identical configuration of configuration.Therefore, the detailed description of the SBL 100 and HAA 105 of fourth embodiment are omitted.
Space based defense system 2 is for intercepting the submarine airlaunched ballistic missile (SLBM) 500 emitted from enemy's submarine 501.From
The laser beam L2 of SBL 100 to HAA 105 is reflected by bending mirror 301.And laser beam L2 is reflected by concave mirror 302.Then, swash
Light beam L3 reaches SLBM 500.In the present embodiment, unmanned boat 502 searches for submarine 501 by using sonar 503.Work as unmanned boat
502 when detecting the position of submarine 501, and unmanned boat 502 is to 105 output signals 504 of HAA.Signal 504 includes about SLBM
500 or submarine 501 position information.HAA 105 is controlled based on signal 504.Unmanned boat 502 tracks submarine 501 and to HAA
105 continuously output signal 504.Therefore, HAA 105 can be remained close to submarine 501.That is, HAA 105 is based on
Signal 504 tracks submarine 501.
The advantages of embodiment is once unmanned boat 502 detects that the position of submarine 501, HAA 105 can be close to latent
Ship 501.Therefore, the propagation distance of laser beam L3 can be less than 10km.Therefore, the close of light beam can be realized at SLBM 500
It focuses.Therefore, SLBM 500 can be destroyed with low-level laser beam L3 (for example, energy of a few kJ (kilojoule)s).
Since the detection and tracking of SLBM 500 can be completed by unmanned boat 502, so unmanned boat 502 can be protected for a long time
It holds close to submarine 501.Conversely, because man-carrying vessel must often be parked in harbour, thus man-carrying vessel be difficult remain close to for a long time it is latent
Ship.
In the fourth embodiment, space based defense system 2 does not include SBL100, but includes being maintained at defending for LEO or GEO
Star.That is, the satellite advanced in LEO or GEO has pulse COIL 101, optical beam expander 102 and deviation mirror 103,
And to 105 outgoing laser beam L2 of HAA.Therefore, in the configuration, realize with about those are excellent described in above-described embodiment
The identical advantage of point.
Alternatively, pulse COIL 101, optical beam expander 102 and deviation mirror 103 are placed in another HAA.?
In the configuration, space based defense system 2 includes at least two HAA, one of them includes pulse COIL 101, optical beam expander 102
With deviation mirror 103, another includes focusing optics, such as concave mirror 302 etc..In the configuration, it realizes and above-mentioned reality
Apply the identical advantage of those of example advantage.
In the above-described embodiments, space based defense system 1 and 2 includes HAA 105.HAA 105 includes being filled with lift gas
Balloon, and the focusing optics by the laser beam focus outside high altitude airship at target.Therefore, HAA can be with
Remain close to launching site known to enemy field 900 or submarine 501.From the sky-based laser device being maintained in geostationary orbit
Laser beam can reach HAA 105.It alternatively, can from the laser beam for being maintained at LEO or sky-based laser device elsewhere
To reach HAA 105.
Although specifically illustrating and describing the present invention with reference to exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the present invention includes
The various changes that will not have an adverse effect to the purpose of the present invention and benefit, and the present invention is not restricted to these exemplary implementation
Example.
According to the present invention so described, it is obvious that the embodiment of the present invention can be varied in many ways.This
A little variations are not construed as being detached from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and those skilled in the art are clear, all these remodeling
It is intended to be included in the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (11)
1. a kind of laser system of defense, including high altitude airship, the high altitude airship include：
Balloon is filled with lift gas, and
Focusing optics, by the laser beam focus outside the high altitude airship at target.
2. laser system of defense according to claim 1, wherein the focusing optics includes mirror, the mirror
By by gravity and the plate of deformation is made.
3. laser system of defense according to claim 2, wherein the rear surface of the mirror is by multiple adjustable segmented column branch
Support.
4. laser system of defense as claimed in any of claims 1 to 3 further includes sky-based laser device, the space-based
Laser is maintained in geostationary orbit and to the high altitude airship outgoing laser beam.
5. laser system of defense according to claim 4, wherein the sky-based laser device uses at least one gas
Pulsed chemical laser, the gas are maintained at during laser generation in the pulsed chemical laser.
6. laser system of defense according to claim 5, wherein the pulsed chemical laser be pulse COIL, COL or
HF chemical lasers.
7. laser system of defense according to claim 5, further includes chamber, the chamber is located at the pulse chemistry laser
Between the laser cavity and exterior space of device, and
Valve between the chamber and the exterior space, and is opened after laser generation.
8. laser system of defense according to claim 5 further includes the cryogenic absorption vacuum pump for adsorbing the gas.
9. laser system of defense as claimed in any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the high altitude airship includes multiple
Photodetector, the multiple photodetector detect the laser beam outside the high altitude airship.
10. laser system of defense as claimed in any of claims 1 to 3, further includes unmanned boat, the unmanned boat is searched
Rope emits the submarine of the target；
Wherein, the high altitude airship is controlled based on the signal from the unmanned boat.
11. a kind of high altitude airship, including：
Balloon is filled with lift gas, and
Focusing optics, by the laser beam focus from the high altitude airship at target.
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| CN201710296422.1A CN108801058A (en) | 2017-04-28 | 2017-04-28 | Laser system of defense and high altitude airship |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710296422.1A CN108801058A (en) | 2017-04-28 | 2017-04-28 | Laser system of defense and high altitude airship |
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