CN108794587A - 一种生物活性多肽kvtpyqa及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
一种生物活性多肽kvtpyqa及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN108794587A CN108794587A CN201810711864.2A CN201810711864A CN108794587A CN 108794587 A CN108794587 A CN 108794587A CN 201810711864 A CN201810711864 A CN 201810711864A CN 108794587 A CN108794587 A CN 108794587A
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Abstract
本发明涉及蛋白领域，具体涉及一种生物活性多肽KVTPYQA及其制备方法和应用，生物活性多肽KVTPYQA其氨基酸序列为Lys‑Val‑Thr‑Pro‑Tyr‑Gln‑Ala。经过体外抗氧化实验、体内抗衰老实验，验证了多肽KVTPYQA具有较好的抗氧化生物学活性和抗衰老活性，一方面，本发明的生物活性多肽KVTPYQA具有较好的抗氧化活性，能够清除机体内的自由基，提高生命的质量；另一方面，能够提高体内抗过氧化酶系的活力，增强机体抵抗外源性刺激的功能，从而降低机体老化、衰老和生病的机率，对开发具有抗氧化功能、抗衰老功能的食品、保健品和药物具有十分重要的意义。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及蛋白领域，尤其是涉及一种生物活性多肽KVTPYQA及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
在牛乳经乳酸菌发酵的过程中，牛乳中的一部分蛋白质被乳酸菌代谢利用，并发生了一系列生理生化反应，使蛋白质变为多肽或者游离的氨基酸，被人体消化吸收或通过小肠上皮细胞的吸收转运直接进入人体的血液循环。乳酸菌菌体也存在一些自身合成的蛋白质多肽片段，供细菌生长利用。在这些多肽中，有一部分具有特殊的生理功能，被称为“生物活性肽”。
在天然食物来源中寻找安全的生物活性肽尤为重要。近些年来，人们发现一些食物来源的多肽类物质具有良好的生物活性，如玉米短肽、大豆肽、牛乳多肽等。这些多肽可以通过微生物发酵、消化酶解等多种途径得到，并且大多具有生物活性的多肽是由2～20个氨基酸残基组成，分子量小于6000Da，含有一定量的疏水氨基酸、芳香族氨基酸。
氧化反应和氧化代谢对于食物和人体来说都是至关重要的，自由基和活性氧引起了一系列的氧化反应。当过量的自由基形成，它们会超过保护性酶如超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶的保护作用，从而导致脂质氧化、细胞凋亡等一系列的副作用产生。这一类的氧化反应，不仅影响含脂食物的保质期，也对人体的健康造成了一定的危害，如风湿性关节炎、糖尿病、动脉硬化等。此外，Collins等人2005年研究发现癌症的发生也与DNA的氧化损伤有关。
早期一些人工合成的抗氧化剂如丁基羟基茴香醚(BHA)、2,6-二叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚(BHT)被运用到食品中，作为脂质的抗氧化剂，但这些人工合成的添加剂对于人体都有潜在的风险。在天然抗氧化剂的研究过程中，来源于食物蛋白的抗氧化肽成为了热门研究之一。其不仅安全性高，比蛋白质等大分子营养物质更容易被吸收利用，能促进如钙、铁等微量营养素的吸收，还具有较好的抗氧化活性，应用前景广阔。
衰老是一个自然现象，且过程常伴有抗氧化水平、器官组织、免疫因子的变化，其中细胞因子发生着复杂的变化，如促炎细胞因子IL-6、IL-4、TNF-α等呈现增长的趋势，IL-6与TNF-a均被认为在老年性疾病的发生过程中扮演重要角色。随着遗传学和分子生物学的发展，生物衰老机理的研究取得了可喜的进展。研究人员通过利用一些模式生物，如小鼠、果蝇和秀丽线虫等的单一基因突变实验，发现有些基因能够显著增加这些生物体的寿命达6倍之多。
抗衰老肽作为一种新兴的抗衰老剂，在生理功能方面具有氨基酸所不能比拟的优势，其能对生物体内的酶产生促进或抑制作用，改善对矿物质及其他营养元素的吸收和利用，清除体内自由基，增强机体自身的抗氧化力，以延缓衰老。因此，生物活性肽的营养保健作用已成为国内外学者课题研究的重点。邱隽等人经实验研究发现，乳源性生物活性小肽能有效延长果蝇寿命，延缓其衰老，并且还具有较好的抗氧化作用，推测可能是其中富含琉基肽类。周之辉等发现牛初乳提取物能显著性提高老年人体内血清中SOD活力，减少其脂质过氧化物和增强机体抗氧化力，具有一定的抗衰老功能。
目前关于生物活性多肽的研究有很多，比如中国专利CN105254738A公布了一种来源于β-酪蛋白的乳源性生物活性多肽DELQDKIH，中国专利CN105254739A公布了一种来源于αs1-酪蛋白的乳源性生物活性多肽GTQYTD，中国专利CN105254740A公布了一种来源于αs2-酪蛋白的乳源性生物活性多肽NQFYQKF。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种生物活性多肽KVTPYQA及其制备方法和应用。
本发明的目的可以通过以下技术方案来实现：
本发明第一方面，提供一种生物活性多肽KVTPYQA，其氨基酸序列为Lys-Val-Thr-Pro-Tyr-Gln-Ala，如SEQ ID NO：1所示。
较优的，所述生物活性多肽来源于瑞士乳杆菌菌体蛋白。具体来源于LBH_0163|m.151 LBH_0163|g.151 ORF LBH_0163|g.151 LBH_0163|m.151 type:complete len:997(+)LBH_0163:1-2991(+)蛋白，并且为此蛋白第917～923位的氨基酸残基。LBH_0163|m.151LBH_0163|g.151 ORF LBH_0163|g.151 LBH_0163|m.151 type:complete len:997(+)LBH_0163:1-2991(+)蛋白氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO：3所示。
LBH_0163|m.151 LBH_0163|g.151 ORF LBH_0163|g.151 LBH_0163|m.151 type:complete len:997(+)LBH_0163:1-2991(+)蛋白的氨基酸序列以及对应的核苷酸序列为既有技术，编码此蛋白第917～923位氨基酸残基的核苷酸片段能编码成熟的生物活性多肽KVTPYQA。
较优的，所述生物活性多肽具有抗氧化功能和抗衰老功能。
本发明第二方面，提供了编码所述生物活性多肽KVTPYQA的核苷酸片段，其序列为：5’-agg taa ctc ctt acc aag cat-3’，如SEQ ID NO：2所示。
本发明第三方面，提供了所述生物活性多肽KVTPYQA的制备方法，可以通过基因工程的方法人工合成，可以从瑞士乳杆菌菌体通过细胞破碎分离纯化的方法直接获得，可以直接通过化学合成制备。
本发明第四方面，提供了所述生物活性多肽KVTPYQA在制备具有抗氧化功能的食品、保健品、药物或化妆品中的应用。
本发明第五方面，提供了所述生物活性多肽KVTPYQA在制备具有抗衰老功能的食品、保健品或药物中的应用。
本发明第六方面，提供了所述生物活性多肽KVTPYQA在制备同时具有抗氧化功能和抗衰老功能的食品、保健品或药物中的应用。
具体而言，本发明的生物活性多肽KVTPYQA可以用于制备减少自由基对皮肤伤害的化妆品、制备具有抗氧化和/或抗衰老的药物；并且由于本发明的生物活性多肽KVTPYQA通过胃肠道降解后的产物仍旧具有生物活性，因此还可以用于制备酸奶等食品、抗氧化的保健品，以及口服的用于制备具有抗氧化和/或抗衰老的药物。
本发明第七方面，提供了一种抗氧化产品，包括所述生物活性多肽KVTPYQA或所述生物活性多肽KVTPYQA的衍生物；所述的抗氧化产品包括抗氧化食品、抗氧化保健品、抗氧化药物或抗氧化化妆品；所述生物活性多肽KVTPYQA的衍生物，是指在生物活性多肽KVTPYQA的氨基酸侧链基团上、氨基端或羧基端进行羟基化、羧基化、羰基化、甲基化、乙酰化、磷酸化、酯化或糖基化等修饰，得到的多肽衍生物。
本发明第八方面，提供了一种抗衰老产品，包括所述生物活性多肽KVTPYQA或所述生物活性多肽KVTPYQA的衍生物；所述的抗衰老产品包括抗衰老食品、抗衰老保健品或抗衰老药物；所述生物活性多肽KVTPYQA的衍生物，是指在生物活性多肽KVTPYQA的氨基酸侧链基团上、氨基端或羧基端进行羟基化、羧基化、羰基化、甲基化、乙酰化、磷酸化、酯化或糖基化等修饰，得到的多肽衍生物。
本发明第九方面，提供了一种同时具有抗氧化功能和抗衰老功能的产品，包括所述生物活性多肽KVTPYQA或所述生物活性多肽KVTPYQA的衍生物；具有抗氧化功能和抗衰老功能的产品包括食品、保健品或药物；所述生物活性多肽KVTPYQA的衍生物，是指在生物活性多肽KVTPYQA的氨基酸侧链基团上、氨基端或羧基端进行羟基化、羧基化、羰基化、甲基化、乙酰化、磷酸化、酯化或糖基化等修饰，得到的多肽衍生物。
本发明生物活性多肽KVTPYQA的有益效果为：本发明的生物活性多肽KVTPYQA具有较好的抗氧化活性和抗衰老活性；一方面，本发明的生物活性多肽KVTPYQA具有较好的抗氧化活性，能够清除机体内的自由基，提高生命的质量；另一方面，能够提高体内抗过氧化酶系的活力，增强机体抵抗外源性刺激的功能，从而降低机体老化、衰老和生病的机率，对开发具有抗氧化功能、抗衰老功能的食品、保健品和药物具有十分重要的意义。
附图说明
图1：质量色谱提取图(m/z＝404.7306)；
图2：质荷比为404.7306的片段的二级质谱图；
图3：质荷比为404.7306的多肽az、by断裂情况；
图4：[DPPH·]甲醇标准曲线；
图5：FeSO4标准曲线；
图6：生物活性多肽KVTPYQA对秀丽线虫运动能力的影响；
图7：生物活性多肽KVTPYQA对秀丽线虫寿命的影响；
图8：生物活性多肽KVTPYQA对秀丽线虫在氧化应激下的影响。
具体实施方式
在进一步描述本发明具体实施方案之前，应理解，本发明的保护范围不局限于下述特定的具体实施方案；还应当理解，本发明实施例中使用的术语是为了描述特定的具体实施方案，而不是为了限制本发明的保护范围。
当实施例给出数值范围时，应理解，除非本发明另有说明，每个数值范围的两个端点以及两个端点之间任何一个数值均可选用。除非另外定义，本发明中使用的所有技术和科学术语与本技术领域技术人员通常理解的意义相同。除实施例中使用的具体方法、设备、材料外，根据本技术领域的技术人员对现有技术的掌握及本发明的记载，还可以使用与本发明实施例中所述的方法、设备、材料相似或等同的现有技术的任何方法、设备和材料来实现本发明。
除非另外说明，本发明中所公开的实验方法、检测方法、制备方法均采用本技术领域常规的分子生物学、生物化学、染色质结构和分析、分析化学、细胞培养、重组DNA技术及相关领域的常规技术。这些技术在现有文献中已有完善说明，具体可参见Sambrook等MOLECULAR CLONING：A LABORATORY MANUAL，Second edition，Cold Spring HarborLaboratory Press，1989and Third edition，2001；Ausubel等，CURRENT PROTOCOLS INMOLECULAR BIOLOGY，John Wiley&Sons，New York，1987and periodic updates；theseries METHODS IN ENZYMOLOGY，Academic Press，San Diego；Wolffe，CHROMATINSTRUCTURE AND FUNCTION，Third edition，Academic Press，San Diego，1998；METHODS INENZYMOLOGY，Vol.304，Chromatin(P.M.Wassarman and A.P.Wolffe，eds.)，AcademicPress，San Diego，1999；和METHODS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY，Vol.119，ChromatinProtocols(P.B.Becker，ed.)Humana Press，Totowa，1999等。
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明进行详细说明。
实施例1活性肽KVTPYQA的人工合成
一、生物活性肽的合成
1.称取RINK树脂3g(取代度0.3mmol/g)于150ml的反应器中，用50ml的二氯甲烷(DCM)浸泡。
2. 2小时后，用3倍树脂体积的氮-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)洗涤树脂，然后抽干，如此重复四次，将树脂抽干后待用。
3.向反应器中加入一定量的20％哌啶(哌啶/DMF＝1:4,v:v)，放在脱色摇床上摇晃20min，以此来脱去树脂上的Fmoc保护基团。脱完保护后用3倍树脂体积的DMF洗涤四次，然后抽干。
4.取少量树脂用茚三酮(九井水合茚三酮)法检测(检A、检B各两滴，100℃反应1min)，树脂有颜色，说明脱保护成功。
5.称取氨基酸Lys适量和1-羟基-苯骈三唑(HOBT)适量于50ml的离心管中，加入20ml的DMF将其溶解，然后加入3ml的N,N二异丙基碳二亚胺(DIC)振荡摇匀1min，待溶液澄清后加入到反应器中，然后将反应器置于30℃的摇床中反应。
6.2小时后，用一定量的醋酸酐封头(醋酸酐:DIEA:DCM＝1:1:2,v:v:v)半小时，然后用3倍树脂体积的DMF洗涤四次，抽干待用。
7.向反应器中加入一定量的20％哌啶(哌啶/DMF＝1:4，v:v)，放在脱色摇床上摇晃20min，以此来脱去树脂上的Fmoc保护基团。脱完保护后用DMF洗涤四次，然后抽干。
8.取少量树脂用茚三酮(九井水合茚三酮)法检测(检A、检B各两滴，100℃反应1min)，树脂有颜色，说明脱保护成功。
9.称取后面第二个氨基酸适量和HOBT适量于50ml的离心管中，加入25ml的DMF将其溶解，然后加入2.5ml的DIC振荡摇匀1min，待溶液澄清后加入到反应器中，然后将反应器置于30℃的摇床中反应。
10.1小时后，取少量树脂检测，用茚三酮法检测(检A、检B各两滴，100℃反应1min)，若树脂为无色，说明反应完全；若树脂有颜色，说明缩合不完全，继续反应。
11.待反应完全后，用DMF洗涤树脂四次，然后抽干，向反应器中加入一定量的20％哌啶(哌啶/DMF＝1:4,v:v)，放在脱色摇床上摇晃20min，以此来脱去树脂上的Fmoc保护基团。脱完保护后用DMF洗涤四次，然后抽干检测保护是否脱去。
12.按照步骤9-11依次接上氨基酸Val、Thr、Pro、Tyr、Gln和Ala。
13.待接上最后一个氨基酸后，脱去保护，用DMF洗涤四次，然后用甲醇将树脂抽干。然后用95切割液(三氟乙酸:1,2乙二硫醇:3，异丙基硅烷:水＝95:2:2:1，v:v:v)将多肽从树脂上切割下来(每克树脂加10ml切割液)，并用冰乙醚(切割液：乙醚＝1:9,v:v)离心沉降四次。
至此，人工合成了生物活性肽KVTPYQA。
二、生物活性肽的确认
1)UPLC分析
UPLC条件如下：
仪器：Waters ACQUITY UPLC超高效液相-电喷雾-四级杆-飞行时间质谱仪
色谱柱规格：BEH C18色谱柱
流速：0.4mL/min
温度：50℃
紫外检测波长：210nm
进样量：2μL
梯度条件：A液：含有0.1％甲酸(v/v)的水，B液：含有0.1％甲酸(v/v)的乙腈
2)质谱分析
质谱条件如下：
离子方式：ES+
质量范围(m/z)：100-1000
毛细管电压(Capillary)(kV)：3.0
采样锥(V)：35.0
离子源温度(℃)：115
去溶剂温度(℃)：350
去溶剂气流(L/hr)：700.0
碰撞能量(eV)：4.0
扫描时间(sec)：0.25
内扫描时间(sec)：0.02
根据以上分析方法，利用超高效液相-电喷雾-四级杆-飞行时间质谱，对生物活性肽KVTPYQA进行色谱分析和质谱分析，其质量色谱提取图如图1所示，提取此峰的二级质谱图和az、by断裂情况如图2和3所示，可得此峰的多肽质荷比为404.7306Da，保留时间是46.0min。
3)结果
由图3可知，根据az、by断裂的情况，经过Mascot软件分析计算，得到质荷比404.7306Da的片段序列为Lys-Val-Thr-Pro-Tyr-Gln-Ala(KVTPYQA)，记为SEQ ID NO：1。该片段与LBH_0163|m.151 LBH_0163|g.151 ORF LBH_0163|g.151 LBH_0163|m.151 type:complete len:997(+)LBH_0163:1-2991(+)蛋白第917～923位的残基序列相对应，序列见SEQ ID NO：3。
实施例2生物活性肽的抗氧化活性实验
一、[DPPH·]法测定生物活性肽KVTPYQA的体外抗氧化活性
1.实验试剂及仪器：
试剂：1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl[DPPH·])，日本Wako公司生产；甲醇，上海国药公司提供；实施例1获得的生物活性多肽KVTPYQA。
主要仪器：Sunrise酶标仪，奥地利Tecan公司产品；96孔细胞培养板，美国Millipore公司制造；分析天平，Meitelei-tolido公司产品。
2.实验方法：
(1)1mmol/L[DPPH·]甲醇溶液
用分析天平称取0.349mg[DPPH·]溶于1mL甲醇溶液中，配制得到的1mmol/L[DPPH·]甲醇溶液，锡纸避光保存，即配即用。
(2)[DPPH·]甲醇标准曲线的测定
在96孔板中按表1分别加入100μL[DPPH·]甲醇标准曲线样品，室温静置90min，用酶标仪在517nm处检测吸光值。
表1[DPPH·]甲醇标准曲线溶液配制
根据实验结果，使用Excel拟合曲线并计算回归方程，结果见图4(回归方程：y＝-0.192x+0.2271，R2＝0.9991)。[DPPH·]甲醇标准曲线的线性关系良好，相关系数为0.999，表明[DPPH·]甲醇标准曲线精密度和准确度均符合检测要求。从结果看，吸光度值与[DPPH·]含量呈反比关系，[DPPH·]含量越少，吸光值越高，即样品清除自由基的能力越强。
(3)[DPPH·]法测定生物活性肽KVTPYQA的抗氧化活性
1)样品组：在96孔板中加入80μL浓度为1mmol/L[DPPH·]甲醇溶液、按表2分别加入20μL不同浓度的待测样品(KVTPYQA)、阳性对照1(2.5mg/mL的Trolox)、阳性对照2(0.025mg/mL的Trolox)，和阴性对照(植酸)；
2)空白组：在同一96孔板上，以加入80μL浓度为1mmol/L[DPPH·]甲醇溶液和20μL去离子水的样品做空白对照。
待检测样品加样完毕后，室温静置90min，用酶标仪在517nm处检测吸光值。按照下式计算自由基清除率，实验结果见表2。
公式：
表2[DPPH·]法测定生物活性多肽的抗氧化活性结果
从表2可以看出，作为阳性对照的2.5mg/mL的Trolox在相同条件下具有最强的清除自由基的能力，几乎能清除溶液中所有的自由基，其次为0.025mg/mL的Trolox、植酸、活性多肽。多肽KVTPYQA清除[DPPH·]自由基率为30.34％，并且随着KVTPYQA浓度的降低，清除自由基能力减弱。
2、FARP法测定生物活性肽KVTPYQA体外抗氧化能力
1)实验试剂和仪器
总抗氧化能力检测试剂盒(Ferric Reducing Ability of Plasma FRAP法)，购自上海碧云天生物科技公司；FeSO4溶液(10mmol/L)，水溶性维生素E(Trolox溶液)(10mmol/L)，实施例1获得的生物活性多肽KVTPYQA。
主要仪器：Sunrise酶标仪，奥地利Tecan公司产品；96孔细胞培养板，美国Millipore公司制造；分析天平，Meitelei-tolido公司产品；HWS26型电热恒温水浴锅，上海一恒科技有限公司制造。
2)实验方法
(1)FRAP工作液的配制
根据总抗氧化能力检测试剂盒，将TPTZ 7.5mL稀释液、TPTZ 750μL溶液、检测缓冲液750μL混合均匀，并在37℃水浴中孵育，2小时h内用完。
(2)FeSO4标准曲线曲线的制作测定
在96孔板中先加入180μLFRAP工作液，按表3加入5μL FeSO4标准曲线溶液，轻轻混匀，37℃孵育3-5min后，用酶标仪在593nm处测定吸光值。
表3FeSO4标准曲线测定的溶液配制
FeSO4浓度与吸光值呈良好的正比关系，FeSO4浓度越高，吸光值越高。本发明FeSO4标准曲线结果见图5，标准曲线的线性关系良好，相关系数为0.998，FeSO4标准曲线的精密度和准确度均符合检测要求，可用于后续计算。
(3)FRAP法测定生物活性多肽KVTPYQA的抗氧化能力
在96孔板中先加入180μL FRAP工作液，空白对照孔中加入5μL ddH2O，样品检测孔内加入5μL待测样品、阳性对照内加入5μL植酸，轻轻混匀，37℃孵育3-5min后，用酶标仪在593nm处测定吸光值。总抗氧化能力表示方式以FeSO4标准溶液的浓度来表示。按照下式计算自由基清除率，实验结果见表4。
表4FARP法测定生物活性多肽KVTPYQA的总抗氧化能力结果
通过总抗氧化能力法(Ferric Reducing Ability Power FRAP法)对多肽KVTPYQA的体外总抗氧化活性进行了测定，发现生物活性多肽KVTPYQA具有较好的还原氧化物质的能力；在浓度为4mg/mL情况下，多肽KVTPYQA的总抗氧化水平达到0.0233mmol/g；说明生物活性多肽KVTPYQA的总抗氧化能力，高于同等浓度下的具有弱抗氧化活性的植酸，具有显著性(p>0.05)差异。因此，可认定发明的生物活性多肽KVTPYQA具有显著的抗氧化能力。
实施例3生物活性肽的抗衰老活性实验
一、生物活性多肽KVTPYQA对秀丽线虫运动能力影响的实验
1.实验试剂及仪器：
试剂：秀丽线虫(Caenorhabditis elegans)，复旦大学附属中西结合研究院；大肠菌株E.coli OP50，复旦大学附属中西结合研究院；琼脂粉，国药集团化学试剂有限公司；酵母粉，国药集团化学试剂有限公司；实施例1获得的生物活性多肽KVTPYQA。
仪器设备：力康RO15纯水系统，力康生物医疗科技有限公司；G136T型Zealway智能高温灭菌锅，厦门致微仪器科技有限公司；THZ-32型台式恒温振荡器，上海精密实验设备有限公司；TDL-40B离心机，上海安亭科学仪器厂；卢湘仪GL-22M高速冷冻离心机，上海卢湘仪仪器有限公司；博迅BJ-CD SERIES生物安全柜，上海博讯实业有限公司；Nikko倒置电子显微镜，尼康株式会社。
2.实验方法：
(1)NGM平板制备
取大肠杆菌菌种于LB平板划线，挑取单菌落于10ml LB液体培养基中，37℃，200rpm，振荡培养24h，至OD600＝0.4用于接种NGM平板喂养线虫。取100μL菌液涂于60mmNGM平板，注意菌液边缘应距离平板边缘0.5cm左右。已涂布的NGM平板在室温(21-25℃)过夜后即可使用。
(2)线虫培养
本实验中所用的线虫均为雌雄同体，在标准培养条件(温度20℃，湿度40％～60％)下培养生长。
(3)线虫的同期化处理
1)高氯酸钠漂白法
准备孕虫生长板(即板中80％以上虫子处于生殖期)2-3板，取5ml M9缓冲液冲洗2次，将缓冲液吸入15ml离心管中，1000r/min离心3min，弃去上清。加入5ml新配同期化漂白液，室温下剧烈振荡2.5min，以将成虫虫体腐蚀。离心，弃去上清。保证总处理时间不能超过5min，防止损伤虫卵。再加入M9缓冲液将沉淀重悬，混匀后离心，弃去上清，重复此过程3次。
2)限时产卵法
挑取若干条处于产卵期的线虫于同一平板内，挑取的具体数量以所需同期化线虫数目为依据。一般条件下，一条产卵期线虫能在1h以内产卵6个左右。在平板中培养0.5h后，挑出平板中线虫，则平板中的卵处于同一生长时期。
(4)指标测定
实验分组：空白组和多肽组。运动速度和轨迹可以反映线虫的生长状态是否良好。由于线虫的运动轨迹呈现为正弦曲线的模式，而若沿非正弦曲线轨迹运动时，则表明该线虫失去运动平衡能力，生长受到影响。各组同期化培养的线虫在生长至L4期(培养4天左右)时，分别挑取40条线虫至各自NGM平板，每隔2天测定其在1min之内爬过的峰数，分别为4天、6天、8天、10天、12天、14天、16天和18天，每组取其平均值。
3.实验结果及分析：
将线虫从L4期(第4天)开始统计其在1min之内所爬过的峰数，连续统计14天，直至第18天(线虫大批量死亡)，可以直观地反映出线虫在不同培养条件下对其运动能力的影响。从图6中可以发现，300mg/L的多肽KVTPYQA在一定程度上能提高线虫在每分钟内爬过的峰数，增强其运动能力，不会对线虫的运动平衡能力造成损害。
二、生物活性多肽KVTPYQA对秀丽线虫寿命影响的实验
1.实验试剂及仪器：
试剂：秀丽线虫(Caenorhabditis elegans)，复旦大学附属中西结合研究院；大肠菌株E.coli OP50，复旦大学附属中西结合研究院；琼脂粉，国药集团化学试剂有限公司；酵母粉，国药集团化学试剂有限公司；5-氟脲嘧啶，美国Sigma公司；实施例1获得的生物活性多肽KVTPYQA。
仪器设备：力康RO15纯水系统，力康生物医疗科技有限公司；G136T型Zealway智能高温灭菌锅，厦门致微仪器科技有限公司；THZ-32型台式恒温振荡器，上海精密实验设备有限公司；TDL-40B离心机，上海安亭科学仪器厂；卢湘仪GL-22M高速冷冻离心机，上海卢湘仪仪器有限公司；博迅BJ-CD SERIES生物安全柜，上海博讯实业有限公司；Nikko倒置电子显微镜，尼康株式会社。
2.实验方法：
(1)NGM平板制备
取大肠杆菌菌种于LB平板划线，挑取单菌落于10ml LB液体培养基中，37℃，200rpm，振荡培养24h，至OD600＝0.4用于接种NGM平板喂养线虫。取100μL菌液涂于60mmNGM平板，注意菌液边缘应距离平板边缘0.5cm左右。已涂布的NGM平板在室温(21-25℃)过夜后即可使用。
(2)线虫培养
本实验中所用的线虫均为雌雄同体，在标准培养条件(温度20℃，湿度40％～60％)下培养生长。
(3)线虫的同期化处理
1)高氯酸钠漂白法
准备孕虫生长板(即板中80％以上虫子处于生殖期)2-3板，取5ml M9缓冲液冲洗2次，将缓冲液吸入15ml离心管中，1000r/min离心3min，弃去上清。加入5ml新配同期化漂白液，室温下剧烈振荡2.5min，以将成虫虫体腐蚀。离心，弃去上清。保证总处理时间不能超过5min，防止损伤虫卵。再加入M9缓冲液将沉淀重悬，混匀后离心，弃去上清，重复此过程3次。
2)限时产卵法
挑取若干条处于产卵期的线虫于同一平板内，挑取的具体数量以所需同期化线虫数目为依据。一般条件下，一条产卵期线虫能在1h以内产卵6个左右。在平板中培养0.5h后，挑出平板中线虫，则平板中的卵处于同一生长时期。
(4)指标测定
实验分组：空白组和多肽组。选取L4期线虫若干条，同期化处理后，分别置于相应NGM板中；每组线虫数量不少于60条，此时记为0天，每天将它们转移到新板中，到生殖后期不再转移。每天记录线虫死亡及剔除出实验的条数。其中寿命实验每个NGM板中含有12.5mg/L 5-氟脲嘧啶以抑制线虫生殖。线虫死亡判断标准：无移动及吞咽动作，轻触后仍无任何反应。剔除标准：①逃离至平板壁或盖上而干死；②虫卵在体内孵化而成袋样虫：③钻入琼脂中。
3.实验结果及分析：
表5生物活性多肽KVTPYQA对线虫寿命的影响
由表5和图7可以看出，当喂食多肽KVTPYQA的质量浓度为300mg/L时，实验组中线虫的平均寿命分别延长了约8.61％，同时，其半数死亡时间更是均得到了显著性提高(P＜0.05)，最长寿命时间相比于空白组也分别延长4天。图7中更是可以直观地看到，相同时间点，实验组中线虫存活率明显高于空白组，线虫寿命得到延长。实验证明，实验采用的多肽质量浓度是合适的。其能够有效延缓线虫衰老，提高存活率，而同时也进一步证明多肽KVTPYQA延长寿命的作用并非通过抑制线虫繁殖力来实现，因其具有良好的抗氧化功能和较强的清除自由基能力。
三、生物活性多肽KVTPYQA的急性氧化应激存活率实验
1.实验试剂及仪器：
试剂：秀丽线虫(Caenorhabditis elegans)，复旦大学附属中西结合研究院；大肠菌株E.coli OP50，复旦大学附属中西结合研究院；琼脂粉，国药集团化学试剂有限公司；酵母粉，国药集团化学试剂有限公司；30％过氧化氢溶液，国药集团化学试剂有限公司；实施例1获得的生物活性多肽KVTPYQA。
仪器设备：力康RO15纯水系统，力康生物医疗科技有限公司；G136T型Zealway智能高温灭菌锅，厦门致微仪器科技有限公司；THZ-32型台式恒温振荡器，上海精密实验设备有限公司；TDL-40B离心机，上海安亭科学仪器厂；卢湘仪GL-22M高速冷冻离心机，上海卢湘仪仪器有限公司；博迅BJ-CD SERIES生物安全柜，上海博讯实业有限公司；Nikko倒置电子显微镜，尼康株式会社。
2.实验方法：
(1)NGM平板制备
取大肠杆菌菌种于LB平板划线，挑取单菌落于10ml LB液体培养基中，37℃，200rpm，振荡培养24h，至OD600＝0.4用于接种NGM平板喂养线虫。取100μL菌液涂于60mmNGM平板，注意菌液边缘应距离平板边缘0.5cm左右。已涂布的NGM平板在室温(21-25℃)过夜后即可使用。
(2)线虫培养
本实验中所用的线虫均为雌雄同体，在标准培养条件(温度20℃，湿度40％～60％)下培养生长。
(3)线虫的同期化处理
1)高氯酸钠漂白法
准备孕虫生长板(即板中80％以上虫子处于生殖期)2-3板，取5ml M9缓冲液冲洗2次，将缓冲液吸入15ml离心管中，1000r/min离心3min，弃去上清。加入5ml新配同期化漂白液，室温下剧烈振荡2.5min，以将成虫虫体腐蚀。离心，弃去上清。保证总处理时间不能超过5min，防止损伤虫卵。再加入M9缓冲液将沉淀重悬，混匀后离心，弃去上清，重复此过程3次。
2)限时产卵法
挑取若干条处于产卵期的线虫于同一平板内，挑取的具体数量以所需同期化线虫数目为依据。一般条件下，一条产卵期线虫能在1h以内产卵6个左右。在平板中培养0.5h后，挑出平板中线虫，则平板中的卵处于同一生长时期。
(4)指标测定
实验分组：空白组和多肽组。将同期化处理后的L4期线虫置于相应NGM板中,实验在含20mM H2O2的NGM平板中进行，每板数量不少于10条，每半小时计数线虫死亡、存活数目，线虫死亡判断标准：无移动及吞咽动作，轻触后仍无任何反应。剔除标准：①逃离至平板壁或盖上而干死；②虫卵在体内孵化而成袋样虫：③钻入琼脂中。
3.实验结果及分析：
表5生物活性多肽KVTPYQA对线虫在氧化应激下的影响
由表5可以看出，实验组线虫在氧化应激下平均寿命具有显著性提高(P＜0.05)，多肽KVTPYQA组呈现极其显著性差异(P<0.05)。各组半数死亡时间也相应在一定程度上有所延长，与其他实验组相比混合肽组呈现显著性提高(P<0.05)。如图8所示，在氧化应激条件下，实验组存活率均明显高于空白组存活率。这说明在氧化应激条件下，线虫的存活率得到了显著提高，可能是由于多肽KVTPYQA能有效帮助线虫抵抗氧化损伤，清除体内产生的自由基以及降低过氧化物的积累，而非通过增强其耐热力实现的。机体寿命的延长在一定程度上是由于改善了细胞对胁迫条件的抵抗力，因而延缓衰老与压力应激条件下的存活率存在很大关系。本实验结果证明多肽KVTPYQA能显著地增加线虫的氧化应激能力，提高线虫的存活率，说明一定浓度的多肽KVTPYQA对于线虫具有抗衰老的功效。
上述的对实施例的描述是为便于该技术领域的普通技术人员能理解和使用发明。熟悉本领域技术的人员显然可以容易地对这些实施例做出各种修改，并把在此说明的一般原理应用到其他实施例中而不必经过创造性的劳动。因此，本发明不限于上述实施例，本领域技术人员根据本发明的揭示，不脱离本发明范畴所做出的改进和修改都应该在本发明的保护范围之内。
序列表
<110> 上海铂辉生物科技有限公司；浙江辉肽生命健康科技有限公司
<120> 一种生物活性多肽KVTPYQA及其制备方法和应用
<160> 3
<170> SIPOSequenceListing 1.0
<210> 1
<211> 7
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列(Artificial Sequence)
<400> 1
Lys Val Thr Pro Tyr Gln Ala
1 5
<210> 2
<211> 21
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列(Artificial Sequence)
<400> 2
aggtaactcc ttaccaagca t 21
<210> 3
<211> 996
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列(Artificial Sequence)
<400> 3
Met Ser Glu Ile Asn Lys Lys Lys Ser Leu Ser Val Gly Gln Ile Ile
1 5 10 15
Cys Ile Ile Leu Ala Ala Phe Leu Met Leu Val Gln Met Tyr Ser Trp
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Gly Lys Thr Phe Gly Arg Met Pro Leu Ser Thr Leu Met Arg Phe Val
35 40 45
Pro Gly Met Leu Asp Lys Ala Thr Leu Val Leu Val Pro Met Val Phe
50 55 60
Gly Ala Val Tyr Ser Lys Lys Lys Ile Arg Pro Thr Glu Ala Tyr Arg
65 70 75 80
Phe Trp Ile Ile Ala Val Val Thr Leu Val Leu Leu Tyr Leu Val Asn
85 90 95
Phe Phe Lys Arg Pro Gly Ser Phe Asn Met Trp Lys Leu Trp Gly Val
100 105 110
Phe Phe Pro Val Leu Thr Ser Thr Ser Val Leu Leu Ala Gly Leu Ile
115 120 125
Phe Ser Ile Leu Ala Gln Pro Tyr Leu Tyr Glu Leu Gln His Arg Ile
130 135 140
Thr Thr Lys Gln Asn Leu Leu Leu Leu Ser Ala Leu Thr Leu Val Gly
145 150 155 160
Phe Ala Thr Ser Ala Gly Thr Met Tyr Phe Asn Tyr Ser Ile Tyr Gly
165 170 175
Ala Tyr Leu Ile Leu Tyr Phe Ala Trp Gly Met Phe Leu Ala Asn Val
180 185 190
Lys Ile Pro Lys Lys Val Phe Gly Trp Ser Ile Ala Ala Gly Val Phe
195 200 205
Ser Phe Phe Val Met Phe Ile Gly Val Pro Gly Phe Asn Gly Val Tyr
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Trp Tyr Gln Arg Leu Ser Gly Arg Ser Ser Val Tyr Ser Trp Thr Pro
225 230 235 240
Glu Phe Leu Ser Asn Pro Ala Ser Pro Phe Leu Phe Leu Met Val Leu
245 250 255
Ala Ala Phe Leu Ile Phe Arg Lys Val Ile Val Ser Tyr Ser Ala Lys
260 265 270
Asp Met Arg Phe Phe Ile Pro Val Ile Ile Phe Met Asp Ala Pro Ile
275 280 285
Ile Gly Gly Phe Ala Ser Ser Phe Arg Phe Thr Asn Ser Ala Gly Phe
290 295 300
Asn Lys Phe Leu Met Ile Val Ile Met Met Ile Ala Ala Leu Ala Leu
305 310 315 320
Asn Tyr Leu Tyr Asn Arg Phe Leu Phe Arg Ile Lys Pro Ile Lys Lys
325 330 335
Thr Val Glu Phe Phe Asn Asn His Asp Asn Leu Ala Glu Val Leu Glu
340 345 350
Tyr Gly Trp Lys Asn Phe Leu Ala Trp Val Val Glu Asn Arg Val Arg
355 360 365
Leu Leu Thr Trp Gly Trp Phe Tyr Ile Leu Ser Leu Val Ser Phe Leu
370 375 380
Ile Glu Ser Asp Asn Leu Arg Ile Gln Ile Thr Thr Ala Thr Asp Ile
385 390 395 400
Asn Ala Val Ile Phe Leu Leu Gly Thr Arg Phe Phe Ala Ile Ile Leu
405 410 415
Thr Ala Ile Phe Leu Asp Ala Met Phe Ala Ile Phe Tyr Phe Ile Thr
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Thr Arg Tyr Trp Thr Ser Thr Ile Leu Val Ser Val Ile Thr Ile Gly
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Trp Ala Ile Ala Asn Lys Thr Lys Leu Asn Leu Arg Gly Glu Pro Ile
450 455 460
Tyr Pro Thr Glu Leu Asp Glu Ile Val Asn Trp Lys Thr Leu Leu Pro
465 470 475 480
Met Val Gly Gln Gln Lys Val Ile Ile Ile Ala Val Ala Leu Val Ile
485 490 495
Val Ile Ala Leu Thr Ile Phe Leu Glu Ile Lys Phe Pro Ile Lys Lys
500 505 510
Lys Gly Ser Trp Lys Arg Arg Gly Ile Trp Ala Leu Leu Ser Leu Leu
515 520 525
Leu Phe Met Thr Pro Ala Arg Phe Asn His Asp Gly Gly Ile Ile Tyr
530 535 540
His Ile Asn Arg Gly Phe Asp Asn Lys Gln Ser Phe Arg Asn Pro Glu
545 550 555 560
Arg Asp Ile Gln Ile Asn Gly Pro Val Leu Asn Phe Leu Asn Tyr Phe
565 570 575
Asp Leu Gln Ile Met Asn Lys Pro Ser Asn Tyr Ser Lys Ala Thr Ile
580 585 590
Asn His Leu Asn Glu Lys Tyr Gly Lys Ile Ala Asp Glu Ile Asn Lys
595 600 605
Thr Arg Lys Asn Thr Leu Lys Asp Gln Thr Ile Val Tyr Asn Leu Ser
610 615 620
Glu Ser Phe Val Asp Pro Tyr Thr Phe Pro Thr Val Lys Ile Asp Pro
625 630 635 640
Lys Val Pro Asn Pro Val Arg Phe Ile Gln Ser Met Lys Asp Arg Ser
645 650 655
Thr Tyr Gly Asn Met Leu Ser Ala Gly Tyr Gly Gly Gly Thr Ala Asn
660 665 670
Met Glu Trp Glu Thr Leu Thr Gly Phe Asn Met Gly Met Phe Lys Ser
675 680 685
Thr Leu Thr Pro Tyr Val Gln Ile Val Pro Lys Tyr Asp Phe Tyr Pro
690 695 700
Thr Leu Gly Met Asp Phe Asn Tyr Lys Ser Ala Val His Pro Phe Ile
705 710 715 720
Gly Thr Tyr Tyr Ser Arg Val Glu Asp Tyr Lys Arg Phe Lys Phe Asn
725 730 735
Lys Phe Val Tyr Leu Gly Ser Lys Tyr Lys Ile Ile Asp Gln Lys Lys
740 745 750
Leu Gly Lys Ser Ser Tyr Asn Ser Asp Phe Thr Thr Tyr Ala Asn Cys
755 760 765
Leu Lys Gln Ile Asn Ser Met Lys Gly Gly Gln Phe Ile Asn Leu Ile
770 775 780
Ser Ile Gln Asn His Met Pro Tyr Asn Asn Trp Tyr Pro Asn Asn Glu
785 790 795 800
Tyr Met Gly Lys Val Ser Gly Glu Leu Phe Asn Thr Ala Ala Val Arg
805 810 815
Glu Gln Met Ala Thr Tyr Met Lys Gly Val Gln Tyr Thr Asp Lys Ala
820 825 830
Val Lys Lys Leu Ile Gly Gln Ile Asp Lys Ile Lys Lys Pro Ile Thr
835 840 845
Ile Val Phe Tyr Gly Asp His Tyr Pro Ser Ile Leu Ser Gln Asn Tyr
850 855 860
Thr Ala Lys Tyr Pro Val Gln Met His Ala Thr Arg Tyr Phe Ile Tyr
865 870 875 880
Ser Asn Lys Tyr Ala Arg Glu His Gly Ala Lys Glu Lys Leu Thr His
885 890 895
Asn Thr Asn Tyr Val Asn Thr Ser Asp Phe Thr Ala Met Met Leu Glu
900 905 910
Gln Thr Asn Ser Lys Val Thr Pro Tyr Gln Ala Leu Leu Thr Glu Val
915 920 925
His Lys Lys Leu Pro Ala Ile Thr Ile Asn Phe Asn Gly Asp Lys Gly
930 935 940
Phe Gln Leu Val Asp Gln Lys Gly Asn Phe Val Asp Pro Lys Lys Leu
945 950 955 960
Thr Ser Glu Gln Gln Ala Ile Leu Asn Asp Tyr Glu Met Val Gln Tyr
965 970 975
Asp Met Thr Ala Gly Gln Ala Tyr Gly Leu Lys Ala Lys Gly Phe Tyr
980 985 990
Lys Leu Asn Asn
995
Claims (10)
1.一种生物活性多肽KVTPYQA，其特征在于，其氨基酸序列为Lys-Val-Thr-Pro-Tyr-Gln-Ala。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种生物活性多肽KVTPYQA，其特征在于，所述生物活性多肽来源于瑞士乳杆菌菌体蛋白。
3.编码权利要求1所述生物活性多肽KVTPYQA的核苷酸片段，其特征在于，所述核苷酸片段的序列如SEQ ID NO：2所示。
4.如权利要求1所述生物活性多肽KVTPYQA的制备方法，其特征在于，通过基因工程的方法人工合成，或瑞士乳杆菌菌体通过细胞破碎分离纯化的方法直接获得，或直接通过化学合成制备。
5.如权利要求1所述生物活性多肽KVTPYQA的应用，其特征在于，所述生物活性多肽KVTPYQA在制备具有抗氧化功能的食品、保健品、药物或化妆品中的应用。
6.如权利要求1所述生物活性多肽KVTPYQA的应用，其特征在于，所述生物活性多肽KVTPYQA在制备具有抗衰老功能的食品、保健品或药物中的应用。
7.如权利要求1所述生物活性多肽KVTPYQA的应用，其特征在于，所述生物活性多肽KVTPYQA在制备具有抗氧化功能和抗衰老功能的食品、保健品或药物中的应用。
8.一种抗氧化产品，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1所述生物活性多肽KVTPYQA或所述生物活性多肽KVTPYQA的衍生物；所述的抗氧化产品包括抗氧化食品、抗氧化保健品、抗氧化药物或抗氧化化妆品；所述生物活性多肽KVTPYQA的衍生物，是指在生物活性多肽KVTPYQA的氨基酸侧链基团上、氨基端或羧基端进行羟基化、羧基化、羰基化、甲基化、乙酰化、磷酸化、酯化或糖基化修饰，得到的多肽衍生物。
9.一种抗衰老产品，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1所述生物活性多肽KVTPYQA或所述生物活性多肽KVTPYQA的衍生物；所述的抗衰老产品包括抗衰老食品、抗衰老保健品或抗衰老药物；所述生物活性多肽KVTPYQA的衍生物，是指在生物活性多肽KVTPYQA的氨基酸侧链基团上、氨基端或羧基端进行羟基化、羧基化、羰基化、甲基化、乙酰化、磷酸化、酯化或糖基化修饰，得到的多肽衍生物。
10.一种具有抗氧化功能和抗衰老功能的产品，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1所述生物活性多肽KVTPYQA或所述生物活性多肽KVTPYQA的衍生物；具有抗氧化功能和抗衰老功能的产品包括食品、保健品或药物；所述生物活性多肽KVTPYQA的衍生物，是指在生物活性多肽KVTPYQA的氨基酸侧链基团上、氨基端或羧基端进行羟基化、羧基化、羰基化、甲基化、乙酰化、磷酸化、酯化或糖基化修饰，得到的多肽衍生物。
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