Working method of clamp for automatic precision turning of outer circle of printer drum base
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of machining, in particular to a working method of a clamp for automatically and precisely turning an excircle of a printer drum base.
Background
Within printers and copiers, there is a class of critical components, called photoreceptor drums. According to different working principles, the photosensitive drum is divided into a selenium drum, an OPC drum and the like, and is made of an aluminum alloy drum base according to different modes. The aluminum alloy drum base is a thin-wall slender aluminum alloy pipe, and the wall thickness of the aluminum alloy drum base is 0.75-1 mm.
The final copying effect, the production cost and the yield of the photosensitive drum are obviously influenced by the quality of the aluminum drum base provided in the current situation and the development of the aluminum drum base of the photosensitive drum in China (authors: Guangzhou nonferrous metal research institute, Zhang loyal and Huangjing). The key indicators in the dimensional accuracy of the drum base are: excircle roundness, excircle straightness and excircle cylindricity. If a certain index does not meet the set standard, the drum base can generate the phenomenon of 'out of round turning' in the machining process, so that the whole drum base is scrapped due to the fact that a mirror surface is not formed on the outer circle surface of the drum base locally, and the control on the precision in the outer circle turning machining of the drum base is very important.
The Chinese patent (application number: 201220264268.2) provides a numerical control lathe structure for turning aluminum-based photoconductor drums, which comprises a lathe body, wherein a spindle box and a tailstock are respectively arranged at two ends of the lathe body, a positioning center is axially arranged on the tailstock, a dragging plate is arranged on the lathe body, a tool rest is arranged on the dragging plate, the numerical control lathe structure also comprises a fixed center and a centering disk, the centering disk is fastened at the end part of a spindle in the spindle box through bolts, the fixed center and the centering disk are coaxially and tightly matched through Morse taper, the positioning center is coaxially arranged on the tailstock through a pneumatic device, and the spindle, the centering disk, the fixed center and the positioning center are coaxially arranged. According to the technical scheme, the problems of poor positioning precision, low clamping speed and low product quality when the conventional numerical control lathe adopts the three-jaw chuck to position and clamp the workpiece are solved to a certain extent, but for the drum base, which is a special workpiece with the wall thickness of 0.75-1mm and the length-diameter ratio of 10-13, when the drum base outer circle is turned in the clamping mode, the phenomenon of circular runout still occurs, and the outer circle machining quality is difficult to ensure.
Researchers of Beijing machine tool research institute put forward a technical scheme for controlling a drum base to weaken bounce in outer circle turning in a thesis 'development of a drum base outer circle lathe', and specifically, a damping rod is inserted into an inner control of the drum base, and clamping jaws are adopted to clamp and fix two end faces of an inner hole of the drum base, so that the drum base has a certain effect of reducing vibration when rotating at a high speed along with a main shaft. But because the overall structure characteristic of shock attenuation stick for its and the loading and unloading of drum base need manual operation, if use on full-automatic production line, need additionally to install the device that the design was loaded and unloaded to the shock attenuation stick, this type of loading and unloading device structure is comparatively complicated, also needs a large amount of integral shock attenuation sticks to have enough to meet the need the use simultaneously, greatly increased full-automatic production line's manufacturing cost, also increased processing operation time, machining efficiency is low.
Therefore, a fixture and a realization method for automatically and precisely turning the outer circle of the drum base with high efficiency, high precision and low cost are needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that the existing drum base outer circle turning clamp cannot ensure precision, is low in loading and unloading efficiency and high in automation cost in the machining process, and provides a working method of the clamp for automatically and precisely turning the drum base outer circle of a printer, which can enable the drum base to realize the advantages of high precision, high efficiency and low cost in the automatic outer circle turning.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a clamp for automatically and precisely turning the excircle of a drum base, which comprises a first damping rod and a second damping rod which are distributed in the same axial direction; the first damping rod and the second damping rod are hollow rod bodies, a damping rod mandrel penetrating through the centers of the rod bodies is connected to each of the first damping rod and the second damping rod in a clearance fit mode, and the first damping rod and the second damping rod can rotate on the corresponding damping rod mandrels.
Preferably, one end of each of the first shock absorption rod and the second shock absorption rod is provided with a first screw which penetrates through the end of the rod body, and the first screw is in threaded connection with the end of the shock absorption rod mandrel inserted into the first shock absorption rod and the second shock absorption rod; and a toothed lock washer and a flat gasket are further arranged between the nut of each first screw and the end parts of the first damping rod and the second damping rod.
Preferably, the damping device further comprises a piston rod in threaded connection with one end of the outer side of each damping rod mandrel, a piston is arranged at the other end of each piston rod, an expansion clamping jaw and a piston rod guide sleeve are sleeved on each piston rod, the piston rod guide sleeve is abutted against the piston at the other end of each piston rod, and the expansion clamping jaw is fixed on the piston rod guide sleeve through a second screw; a hemispherical connecting piece sleeved on the damping rod mandrel is arranged at the junction of the damping rod mandrel and the expansion jaw, and the spherical surface of the hemispherical connecting piece faces the expansion jaw; and a wedge-shaped inner hole is formed in one end, connected with the hemispherical connecting piece, of the expansion clamping jaw.
Preferably, a piston rod guide sleeve corresponding to the first damping rod is fixed on a pneumatic suspension shaft of the machine tool through a third screw, and the piston is constrained in a piston cylinder arranged on the pneumatic suspension shaft; and a piston rod guide sleeve corresponding to the second shock absorption rod is fixed on a machine head main shaft of the machine tool through a third screw.
Preferably, the piston is sleeved with one or more O-shaped sealing rings.
The working method of the clamp for automatically and precisely turning the outer circle of the drum base is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
the method comprises the following steps:
a. the drum base to be processed is lifted to a position which is coaxially distributed with the first damping rod and the second damping rod and is positioned between the first damping rod and the second damping rod by an external lifting device;
b. the pneumatic suspension shaft pushes the first shock absorption rod to be inserted into the inner hole at one end of the drum base and drives the drum base to move towards the second shock absorption rod continuously;
c. the other end of the drum base is sleeved on the second damping rod;
d. the pneumatic suspension shaft continues to move towards the second damping rod, so that the piston rod guide sleeve drives the expansion jaw to continue to move synchronously and in the same direction as the pneumatic suspension shaft, the first damping rod and the second damping rod interact with each other and clamp the drum base, and the piston rod and the damping rod mandrel stop moving;
e. after the end part of the expansion claw corresponding to the first damping rod extends into the inner hole of the drum base, the expansion claw continuously moves towards the direction of the second damping rod under the action of the pneumatic suspension shaft, and at the moment, the wedge-shaped inner holes of the two expansion claws are simultaneously extruded by the spherical surfaces of the corresponding hemispherical connecting pieces to expand radially, so that the two ends of the drum base are tightly fixed;
f. the machine head main shaft rotates to drive the drum base to synchronously rotate with the first damping rod and the second damping rod, and the outer circle of the drum base is cut by a machine tool cutter;
g. after cutting is finished, the pneumatic suspension shaft resets and withdraws to drive the first damping rod to withdraw from the drum base;
h. and the external manipulator takes the drum base away from the second damping rod by contacting the inner hole of the drum base to complete the processing of a single drum base, and repeats the steps to realize the automatic turning of the outer circle of the drum base.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, the two damping rods respectively corresponding to the machine head main shaft and the pneumatic suspension shaft are arranged, and the drum base is restrained in a manner that the damping rods are inserted from the two ends of the drum base, so that the automatic clamping and feeding of the drum base are easily realized; the semi-spherical connecting piece is matched with the wedge-shaped inner hole of the expansion clamping jaw, and the axial movement of the pneumatic suspension shaft is ingeniously utilized to realize the automatic clamping of the drum base; by the technical scheme and the implementation method of the clamp, the drum base can realize the advantages of high precision, high efficiency and low cost in automatic turning of the outer circle.
The features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail by embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an exploded assembly view of a first shock absorbing bar according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of portion A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an assembly view of a first shock absorbing bar according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the present invention for clamping the drum base.
In the figure: 1-a first screw, 2-a toothed locking washer, 3-a flat pad, 4-a first shock absorption rod, 5-a shock absorption rod mandrel, 6-a hemisphere connecting piece, 7-a second screw, 8-an expansion jaw, 9-a third screw, 10-a piston rod guide sleeve, 11-a piston rod, 12-an O-shaped sealing ring, 13-a pneumatic suspension shaft, 14-a nose main shaft, 15-a second shock absorption rod, 16-a drum base, 17-a piston and 18-a wedge-shaped inner hole.
Detailed Description
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "axial" and "radial" indicate orientations and positional relationships based on the orientations and positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only used for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Referring to fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4, the clamp for automatically and precisely turning the outer circle of the drum base comprises a first damping rod 4 and a second damping rod 15 which are coaxially distributed; the first shock absorption rod 4 and the second shock absorption rod 15 are hollow rod bodies, a shock absorption rod mandrel 5 penetrating through the centers of the rod bodies is connected to each of the first shock absorption rod 4 and the second shock absorption rod 15 in a clearance fit mode, and the first shock absorption rod 4 and the second shock absorption rod 15 can rotate on the corresponding shock absorption rod mandrels 5.
One end of each of the first shock absorption rod 4 and the second shock absorption rod 15 is provided with a first screw 1 penetrating through the end of the rod body, the first screw 1 can be a hexagon socket head cap screw GB/M6 × 20, and the first screw 1 is in threaded connection with the end of a shock absorption rod mandrel 5 inserted into the first shock absorption rod 4 and the second shock absorption rod 15; a toothed lock washer 2 and a flat washer 3 are also arranged between the nut of each first screw 1 and the ends of the first shock absorbing bar 4 and the second shock absorbing bar 15.
The clamp for automatically and precisely turning the outer circle of the drum base further comprises a piston rod 11 which is in threaded connection with one end of the outer side of each damping rod mandrel 5 respectively, a piston 17 is arranged at the other end of each piston rod 11, an expansion clamping jaw 8 and a piston rod guide sleeve 10 are sleeved on each piston rod 11, the piston rod guide sleeve 10 is abutted against the piston 17 at the other end of each piston rod 11, and the expansion clamping jaw 8 is fixed on the piston rod guide sleeve 10 through a second screw 7; a hemispherical connecting piece 6 sleeved on the damping rod mandrel 5 is arranged at the junction of the damping rod mandrel 5 and the expansion jaw 8, and the spherical surface of the hemispherical connecting piece 6 faces the expansion jaw 8; and a wedge-shaped inner hole 18 is formed in one end, connected with the hemispherical connecting piece 6, of the expansion claw 8.
A piston rod guide sleeve 10 corresponding to the first shock absorption rod 4 is fixed on a pneumatic suspension shaft 13 of the machine tool through a third screw 9, and a piston 17 is restrained in a piston cylinder arranged on the pneumatic suspension shaft 13; the piston rod guide sleeve 10 corresponding to the second shock absorbing rod 15 is fixed on a machine head spindle 14 of the machine tool through a third screw 9.
One or more O-shaped sealing rings 12 are sleeved on the piston 17.
The method for realizing automatic precision turning of the outer circle of the drum base is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
the method comprises the following steps:
a. the drum base 16 to be processed is lifted to a position which is coaxially distributed with the first shock absorption rod 4 and the second shock absorption rod 15 and is positioned between the first shock absorption rod 4 and the second shock absorption rod 15 by an external lifting device;
b. the pneumatic suspension shaft 13 pushes the first shock absorption rod 4 to be inserted into the inner hole at one end of the drum base 16 and drives the drum base 16 to move continuously towards the second shock absorption rod 15;
c. the other end of the drum base 16 is sleeved on the second shock absorption rod 15;
d. the pneumatic suspension shaft 13 continues to move towards the second damping rod 15, so that the piston rod guide sleeve 10 drives the expansion jaw 8 to continue to move synchronously and in the same direction as the pneumatic suspension shaft 13, at the moment, the first damping rod 4 and the second damping rod 15 interact and clamp the drum base 16, and the piston rod 11 and the damping rod mandrel 5 stop moving;
e. after the end part of the expansion claw 8 corresponding to the first damping rod 4 is deeply inserted into the inner hole of the drum base 16, the expansion claw moves towards the direction of the second damping rod 15 under the action of the pneumatic suspension shaft 13, and at the moment, the wedge-shaped inner holes 18 of the two expansion claws 8 are simultaneously extruded by the spherical surfaces of the corresponding hemispherical connecting pieces 6 to expand radially, so that the two ends of the drum base 16 are tightly fixed;
f. the machine head main shaft 14 rotates to drive the drum base 16 to synchronously rotate with the first damping rod 4 and the second damping rod 15, and the outer circle of the drum base 16 is cut by a machine tool cutter;
g. after cutting, the pneumatic suspension shaft 13 resets and withdraws to drive the first damping rod 4 to withdraw from the drum base 16;
h. and the external manipulator takes the drum base 16 away from the second shock absorption rod 15 by contacting the inner hole of the drum base 16, so that the single drum base 16 is machined, and the steps are repeated, so that the automatic turning of the outer circle of the drum base 16 is realized.
According to the invention, the two damping rods respectively corresponding to the machine head main shaft and the pneumatic suspension shaft are arranged, and the drum base is restrained in a manner that the damping rods are inserted from the two ends of the drum base, so that the automatic clamping and feeding of the drum base are easily realized; the semi-spherical connecting piece is matched with the wedge-shaped inner hole of the expansion clamping jaw, and the axial movement of the pneumatic suspension shaft is ingeniously utilized to realize the automatic clamping of the drum base; by the technical scheme and the implementation method of the clamp, the drum base can realize the advantages of high precision, high efficiency and low cost in automatic turning of the outer circle.
The above embodiments are illustrative of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any simple modifications of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.