CN108787726B - Process for restoring polluted soil by combining chemical leaching and chemical reduction - Google Patents
Process for restoring polluted soil by combining chemical leaching and chemical reduction Download PDFInfo
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- CN108787726B CN108787726B CN201810997156.XA CN201810997156A CN108787726B CN 108787726 B CN108787726 B CN 108787726B CN 201810997156 A CN201810997156 A CN 201810997156A CN 108787726 B CN108787726 B CN 108787726B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/02—Extraction using liquids, e.g. washing, leaching, flotation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/08—Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically
Abstract
The invention discloses a process for restoring polluted soil by combining chemical leaching and chemical reduction, which comprises the following steps: building a spraying field; pretreating and piling polluted soil; laying a spraying device; preparing leacheate in a medicament pool; carrying out a spraying process by taking acid-base salt as an leacheate, and judging whether the concentration of pollutants in the soil leachate meets the remediation target; and (3) implementing a spraying process by taking a reducing agent as an eluent, and judging whether the concentration of the pollutants in the soil leachate meets the remediation target. The spraying process with water as the leacheate is performed before the spraying process with acid-base salt as the leacheate is performed. The invention adopts a stacking spraying process to integrate the advantages of a chemical reduction stabilization technology and a chemical leaching technology, and solves the problem inevitably existing in the two technologies. The reducing agent solution circulating spraying process is adopted, so that the reduction of pollutants is more thorough, a large amount of pollutant pollution is reduced, the use of reducing agents is greatly reduced, and the environmental risk is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of environmental remediation, and particularly relates to a process for remediating contaminated soil by combining chemical leaching and chemical reduction.
Background
At present, the commonly used restoration technology for treating hexavalent chromium polluted muck mainly comprises a chemical reduction stabilization technology and a chemical leaching technology. For the soil with severe hexavalent chromium pollution, because the content of hexavalent chromium is too high, the simple chemical reduction stabilization technology and the chemical leaching technology are often difficult to meet the restoration requirement, and certain risk hidden danger exists. In engineering application, the reduction and stabilization technology for the severe hexavalent chromium contaminated muck has the problems of incomplete reaction, large medicament addition amount and the like, on one hand, the excessive medicament causes great damage to soil properties, on the other hand, the hexavalent chromium is not completely reduced due to uneven mixing of the medicament and the contaminated muck, so that the repairing effect has potential risks, heavy metals are not fundamentally removed through chemical reduction and stabilization, and the hidden danger of yellowing also exists in the later stage. The chemical leaching technology adopted alone has the problems of difficult solid-liquid separation, large water consumption (the liquid-solid ratio is 10: 1-30: 1), soil matrix loss and the like, is difficult to directly achieve the remediation target, and also needs to be matched with a chemical reduction stabilization technology for use.
The existing chemical leaching and chemical reduction combined repair technology is mainly simple splicing of ectopic chemical leaching and chemical reduction stabilization technologies: excavating polluted soil into a container, cleaning the polluted soil by using an eluent to transfer heavy metal pollutants in the soil into a liquid phase of the eluent, performing mud-water separation on the mixture, treating the pollutants in the eluent, reusing the pollutants in the eluent in the leaching step, backfilling or safely utilizing the leached soil if the leached soil meets a control standard, adding a reducing agent for mixing if the leached soil does not meet the control standard, and performing chemical reduction stabilization treatment. The simple splicing combination can not realize the advantages and disadvantages of the two technologies, so that the process flow is too complex, and great difficulty exists in engineering application.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a process for repairing polluted soil by combining chemical leaching and chemical reduction, which adopts a stacking spraying process to realize organic combination of chemical leaching and chemical reduction stabilization. The total amount of pollutants in the residue soil is reduced by spraying water or other eluting agents in the early stage of the process, and the residual hexavalent chromium pollution is further detoxified by spraying a reducing agent in the later stage of the process. The advantages of the concentrated reduction stabilization technology and the chemical leaching technology are combined in the pile-building spraying, and the problems of the pile-building spraying and the chemical leaching are avoided. According to the process, the collection and drainage guide layer arranged on the heap leaching field is used for realizing automatic collection and drainage of the leacheate, the problem that solid-liquid separation is difficult in chemical leaching is solved, damage and loss of soil matrix are reduced, meanwhile, the spray liquid is recycled after being treated, the circulation requirement can be met under the condition that the liquid-solid ratio is about 0.2:1, the water consumption is greatly reduced, and resources are saved. According to the invention, most of water-soluble hexavalent chromium and part of acid-soluble hexavalent chromium are removed by spraying the leacheate in the previous stage, the residual hexavalent chromium is chemically reduced and stabilized by adopting a reducing agent spraying mode, compared with the method of mixing a medicament and residue soil, the reduction of the hexavalent chromium is more thorough by adopting a reducing agent solution circulating spraying process, and meanwhile, because a large amount of hexavalent chromium pollution is reduced in advance, the use of a reducing agent is greatly reduced, and the environmental risk is reduced.
The invention provides a process for repairing polluted soil by combining chemical leaching and chemical reduction, which is particularly suitable for repairing hexavalent chromium polluted soil and specifically comprises the following steps:
1) and (3) construction of a spraying field: seepage prevention is required to be carried out in a spraying field, so that secondary pollution is avoided; the anti-seepage structure of the spraying field is sequentially provided with a solution collecting and discharging layer, an upper film protective layer, a main anti-seepage layer, a lower film protective layer and a base layer from top to bottom.
2) Preprocessing contaminated soil and stacking: and carrying out crushing, screening and pretreatment on the polluted residue soil, and then transporting the polluted residue soil to a spraying field for stacking, wherein the preferable stacking height is preferably 2-5 m.
3) Laying spray set so that spray to contaminated soil above the heap body, spray system includes: the device comprises a medicament pool, a spraying pipeline, a pump body, a solution collecting pool and the like. The medicament pool is connected with one end of the main pipeline through the pump body, the medicament in the medicament pool is pumped into the main pipeline through the pump body, meanwhile, the main pipeline is provided with a check valve, a stop valve and a filter, so that undissolved particles or impurities in the medicament pool are prevented from entering the main pipeline (the diameter is 50mm-70mm), the other end of the main pipeline is connected with a plurality of branch pipelines (the diameter is 25mm-30mm), the branch pipelines are arranged above the spraying field at certain intervals, a plurality of spray heads are arranged on each branch pipeline at intervals or the branch pipelines are in a floral tube form, the branch pipelines are arranged according to the coverage area of the spraying field, can field style of calligraphy check distribution or concentric circle distribution, the height apart from soil and the interval between the shower nozzle or the diameter of each punchhole of floral tube can design and do not do specific standard to can spray all soils on spraying the place as the benchmark. Wherein solution collecting pit connects the guide drainage french drain on solution collection guide drainage layer, can collect the waste liquid of deriving in the guide drainage french drain, and connect waste water treatment equipment to carry out waste water treatment, and the water after waste water treatment equipment handles is melted into the medicament pond and is the solvent, and waste water treatment equipment generally includes the medicament reaction tank, adds some sodium hydroxide or lime, deposits the pollutant and gets off and form the bed mud and handle, clear water retrieval and utilization.
4) Preparing an eluent in the medicament pool, wherein the eluent can be tap water, inorganic acid, organic acid, alkali or salt solution such as sodium carbonate and the like in the step 5), or can be a reducing agent in the step 6). The water-soluble and acid-base salt-soluble pollutants in the polluted soil are transferred into the solution by spraying the eluting solution on the soil pile, the reduced pollutants are transferred into the solution and are converged into a solution collecting tank through a solution collecting and draining layer, and the wastewater can be returned for preparing the eluting solution after being treated.
5) Spraying the leacheate, wherein the spraying strength is preferably 10-40L/m2H. In the spraying process, sampling detection is carried out at regular intervals. And monitoring the concentration of pollutants in the leachate and the concentration of residual pollutants in the soil, and setting a spraying medicament system and a spraying system according to monitoring and analyzing results.
Preferably the dosing and spraying regimes are as follows: the stage of spraying process includes a spraying process using water as an eluent, and a spraying process using a salt solution such as an inorganic acid (e.g., sulfuric acid), an organic acid (e.g., citric acid or oxalic acid), an alkali (e.g., sodium hydroxide) or sodium carbonate as an eluent (i.e., an acid-alkali salt as an eluent), which are sequentially performed. Wherein, the spraying process of water as the leacheate can be omitted and the spraying process of acid-base salt as the leacheate can be directly carried out.
And according to the process monitoring data, stopping the spraying process of acid-base salt as the leacheate when the pollutant removal rate reaches more than 70%, and simultaneously judging whether the pollutant concentration in the leachate is lower than 0.5mg/L, if so, stopping the repair program, completing the whole process flow, and if not, performing the next step.
The components of the leacheate adopted in each stage are not restricted, the concentration is not standardized, and the leacheate can be selected as long as the leacheate can meet the spraying targets of each stage. The setting of the pollutant removal rate in the spraying process with water as the leacheate and the spraying process with acid, alkali and salt as the leacheate can be determined according to monitoring results, economic benefits of actual operation and other factors, the pollutant removal rate is not limited to 25% and 70%, in the spraying process, sampling detection is carried out at regular intervals (the concentration of residual pollutants in the polluted soil can be sampled and detected once every two days, and the leachate can be sampled and detected twice every day), and the concentration of pollutants in the leachate and the concentration of residual pollutants in the polluted soil are monitored.
6) When water-soluble, acid, alkali and salt-soluble pollutants in the original soil sample are basically removed, in order to reduce the risk of residual pollutants in the soil, reducing liquid is prepared in a reagent pool and is used for spraying the reducing reagent, the leacheate adopts a reducing agent and can be ferrous sulfate, sodium sulfite, sodium bisulfite, sodium metabisulfite and other reducing reagents, according to process monitoring data, sampling detection is carried out at regular intervals (the concentration of the residual pollutants in the polluted soil can be sampled and detected once every two days, and the leacheate can be sampled and detected twice a day), and when the concentration of the leached pollutants in the soil meets the remediation target (for example, the concentration of the pollutants in the soil leachate is lower than 0.5mg/L), spraying is stopped. By spraying a reducing agent on the soil heap, aiming at pollutants which are difficult to remove and residual pollutants in the soil, the residual pollutants in the polluted soil are reduced into trivalent chromium with low toxicity and low mobility by using a reduction means, so that the polluted soil is thoroughly detoxified.
Preferably, the operating parameters of the process (including the time of spraying, the intensity of spraying, the type and concentration of the leacheate, and the like) are appropriately adjusted and optimized according to the process monitoring data. The process is suitable for repairing hexavalent chromium-polluted soil and other heavy metal-polluted soil, and when the process is suitable for repairing hexavalent chromium-polluted soil, the pollutant is hexavalent chromium.
The invention has the advantages that:
the invention adopts a stacking spraying process to integrate the advantages of a chemical reduction stabilization technology and a chemical leaching technology, and solves the problem inevitably existing in the two technologies. The pile-building spraying process is not limited by the processing capacity of equipment, and the construction period is greatly shortened. Meanwhile, the pile-building spraying repair process has the characteristics of simplicity in operation, resource saving, small secondary pollution, high automation degree and the like, the spraying field in the invention enables the leacheate to be automatically collected and drained, the difficulty in separating soil from waste water is avoided, the operation is simple, the process operation is stable and reliable, the construction period can be greatly shortened, the cost is saved, and the secondary pollution is avoided. The invention adopts the reducing agent solution circulating spraying process to lead the reduction of pollutants (such as hexavalent chromium) to be more thorough, and simultaneously, because a large amount of hexavalent chromium pollution is reduced in advance, the use of the reducing agent is greatly reduced, the environmental risk is reduced, and the damage to the soil property is avoided as much as possible. Therefore, the pile-building spraying repair process provided by the invention is a green repair process, can realize perfect combination of pollutant removal and residual pollutant stabilization, can reduce pollutants in soil to the greatest extent when treating polluted soil, further stabilizes residual pollutants in a small amount, and has a more stable repair effect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram for repairing hexavalent chromium-contaminated soil by using chemical leaching and chemical reduction in combination according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the spray system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
The embodiment provides a process for repairing hexavalent chromium-contaminated soil by combining chemical leaching and chemical reduction, as shown in fig. 1, the process specifically includes the following steps:
1) and (3) constructing a spraying field 8: the anti-seepage structure of the spray field comprises a solution collecting and discharging layer, an upper film protective layer, a main anti-seepage layer, a lower film protective layer and a base layer from top to bottom in sequence;
the solution collecting and guiding layer consists of an in-site guiding and draining blind ditch 10 (fully paved with broken stones and guiding and draining perforated pipes), peripheral intercepting ditches 9 and a concrete surface layer; wherein the guide drainage blind ditch 10 is formed in the concrete surface layer, the liquid flowing in the pile body is collected and flows out through the guide drainage blind ditch 10, the peripheral intercepting ditches 9 are formed at the periphery of the concrete surface layer and are connected with the guide drainage blind ditch 10, so that the liquid in the guide drainage blind ditch 10 is gathered and guided through the intercepting ditches 9.
The upper protective layer of the membrane can be made of geotextile or bentonite blanket, in this example 600g/m2The non-woven geotextile is used as a protective layer on the membrane;
the main impermeable layer is preferably an HDPE geomembrane, and in the example, the HDPE geomembrane with the thickness of 1.5mm is selected as the main impermeable layer;
the lower protective layer can be clay, geotextile or bentonite blanket, 600g/m is selected in the example2The non-woven geotextile is used as a protective layer under the membrane;
the base layer needs to be compacted and the surface is guaranteed to be smooth.
2) Preprocessing contaminated soil and stacking: and crushing and screening the dug polluted soil. In this example, an ALLU crushing and screening hopper was used to crush and screen the contaminated soil. And (3) transferring the polluted soil to the spraying field 8 constructed in the step 1) for piling to form a pile body 11.
3) A spraying device is arranged above the pile body 11 so as to spray the polluted soil, and a spraying system is shown in fig. 2 and comprises: a medicament pool 1, a spraying pipeline, a pump body 16, a solution collecting pool 3 and the like. The chemical tank 1 is connected with one end of a main pipeline 5 through a pump body 16, the chemical in the chemical tank 1 is pumped into the main pipeline through the pump body 16, meanwhile, a check valve 14 and a flow meter 15 are arranged on the main pipeline, an inlet door 17 and an outlet door 18 are arranged at two ends of the pump body 16 to form a switch of the main pipeline 5, a filter 12 is also arranged at the same time to prevent particles or impurities which are not dissolved in the chemical tank 1 from entering the main pipeline 5 (the diameter is 50mm-70mm), the other end of the main pipeline 5 is connected with a plurality of branch pipelines 6 (the diameter is 25mm-30mm), the branch pipelines 6 are arranged above a spraying field 8 at intervals, a plurality of spray heads 7 are arranged on each branch pipeline 6 at intervals or the branch pipelines 6 are in a flower tube form, the branch pipelines 6 are arranged according to the coverage area of the spraying field and can be distributed in a grid shape or in a, the height from the stack body 11 and the distance between the spray heads 7 or the diameter of each hole of the perforated pipe can be designed without specific specification so as to be based on all the soil which can be sprayed on the spraying field 8. Wherein solution collecting pit 3 is connected solution and is collected guide's drainage french drain 10 (guide's drainage french drain 10 assembles and intercept ditch 9 all around, connect guide's drainage french drain 10 through connecting intercept ditch 9 indirect connections), can collect the waste liquid of deriving in the guide's drainage french drain 10, and connect waste water treatment equipment 2 to carry out waste water treatment, the water after waste water treatment equipment 2 handles is melted into and is done the solvent in medicament pond 1, waste water treatment equipment 2 generally includes the medicament reaction tank, add some sodium hydroxide or lime, deposit hexavalent chromium and get off and form the bed mud, carry out mud and deal with, the clear water retrieval and utilization.
4) Spraying operation: the total amount of hexavalent chromium in the soil used in the example is 5670mg/kg, wherein the ratio of water-soluble hexavalent chromium is 22.75%, and the ratio of acid-soluble hexavalent chromium is 40.92%, and the example is small according to the nature of the polluted soil and the early stageThe test design run the drug system and spray system. The spraying strength is preferably 10 to 40L/m2H, spray intensity of 20L/m in this example2H or so. Tap water is selected as the leacheate in the first-stage spraying process, and according to process monitoring data, when the removal rate of hexavalent chromium reaches more than 25%, the first-stage spraying process is stopped and the second-stage spraying process is started. The second stage spraying process is changed into spraying of an eluent of a salt solution such as an inorganic acid, an organic acid, an alkali or sodium carbonate, in this embodiment, a green and environment-friendly salt solution (such as a mixed solution of sodium carbonate and sodium sulfate, wherein the mass ratio of sodium carbonate to sodium sulfate meets 3:1-5:1, the concentration of sodium carbonate and sodium sulfate in the specific mixed solution is not standardized and can be continuously adjusted according to the leaching effect) is compounded as a leaching agent, and according to process monitoring data, when the removal rate of hexavalent chromium reaches more than 70%, the second stage spraying process is stopped and the third stage spraying process is started. The third stage sprays the reducing liquid, the reducing agent can be ferrous sulfate, sodium sulfite, sodium bisulfite, sodium metabisulfite and other reducing agents, the ferrous sulfate solution (the concentration used in the common chemical field is not standard, and the concentration of the solution is continuously adjusted according to the monitoring data in the repairing process) is adopted as the reducing agent in the example, and according to the process monitoring data, when the total amount of hexavalent chromium in the soil and the concentration of the leached hexavalent chromium in the soil meet the repairing target (the concentration of the hexavalent chromium in the leaching solution is lower than 0.5mg/L), the third stage of spraying is stopped.
In the embodiment, after the spraying operation is carried out for 1 month, the leaching solution is finally prepared from the soil by a solid waste leaching toxicity leaching method turnover method (GB5086.1-1997), and the concentration of hexavalent chromium in the leaching solution is lower than 0.5mg/L, so that the remediation target is achieved.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A process for restoring polluted soil by combining chemical leaching and chemical reduction is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) building a spraying field;
2) pretreating and piling polluted soil;
3) a spraying device is arranged above the soil pile;
4) preparing leacheate in a medicament pool;
5) carrying out a spraying process by taking acid-base salt as an leacheate, and judging whether the concentration of the pollutants in the soil leachate meets the remediation target, if not, carrying out the next step;
6) carrying out a spraying process by taking a reducing agent as an eluent, judging whether the concentration of the pollutants in the soil leaching solution meets the restoration target, if not, continuing to carry out the step until the restoration target is met;
the step 5) is to perform a spraying process with water as the leacheate before performing a spraying process with acid, alkali and salt as the leacheate.
2. The process for remediating contaminated soil by combined chemical leaching and chemical reduction as claimed in claim 1, wherein the contaminated soil is pretreated by crushing and screening contaminated muck, the size of the pretreated muck is less than 4cm, the muck is transported to a spraying field for building piles, and the building pile height is 2-5 m.
3. The process for remediating contaminated soil by combined chemical leaching and chemical reduction as claimed in claim 1, wherein the spraying intensity in the spraying process at each stage is 10-40L/m 2-h; when a spraying process with water as leacheate is executed, stopping water spraying when the removal rate of the pollutants in the polluted soil reaches more than 25%, entering a spraying process with acid-base salt as leacheate, stopping spraying when the removal rate of the pollutants in the polluted soil reaches more than 70%, simultaneously judging whether the concentration of the pollutants in the soil leachate meets the remediation target, if so, stopping the remediation process, and if not, entering step 6).
4. The process for remediating contaminated soil using chemical leaching in combination with chemical reduction as claimed in claim 1, wherein the leacheate used in the spraying of the acid-base salt as the leacheate is an inorganic acid, an organic acid, a base or a sodium carbonate solution; the reducing agent is ferrous sulfate, sodium sulfite, sodium bisulfite or sodium metabisulfite.
5. The process for remediating contaminated soil using chemical leaching in combination with chemical reduction as claimed in claim 1, wherein in each spraying process, the concentration of residual contaminants in the contaminated soil and the concentration of contaminants in the leachate are detected, and the type and concentration of the spraying agent and the spraying intensity of the leachate are continuously adjusted according to the detection results.
6. A spray site suitable for the process of restoring polluted soil by combining chemical leaching and chemical reduction according to claim 1, wherein the spray site has an anti-seepage structure and comprises a solution collection and drainage guide layer, an upper membrane protection layer, a main anti-seepage layer, a lower membrane protection layer and a base layer from top to bottom in sequence.
7. The spray site according to claim 6, wherein the solution collecting drainage guide layer is composed of a concrete surface layer, a drainage blind ditch in the spray site is arranged in the concrete surface layer, and a water intercepting ditch is arranged at the periphery of the concrete surface layer; the upper protective layer of the membrane is made of geotextile or bentonite blanket; the main impermeable layer is made of HDPE geomembrane; the lower protective layer is made of clay, geotextile or bentonite blanket; the base layer is compacted and surface treated.
8. The spray site according to claim 7, wherein a spray system is arranged in the spray site, and the spray system comprises a medicament pool, a spray pipeline, a pump body and a solution collecting pool; the spray pipe way includes main line and branch pipeline, the medicament pond passes through pump body coupling main line one end, through the pump body with the medicament pump in the medicament pond go into the main line, a plurality of branch pipelines are connected to the other end of main line, the branch pipeline sets up in the top of spraying the place, each branch pipeline goes up the interval and is provided with a plurality of shower nozzles or adopts the branch pipeline of floral tube form, the drainage blind ditch on drainage layer is collected to solution collecting pit connection solution, can collect the waste liquid of deriving in the drainage blind ditch to connect waste water treatment equipment to carry out waste water treatment, the water after waste water treatment equipment handles is melted into the retrieval and utilization in the medicament pond.
9. The spray site of claim 8, wherein the main pipeline is provided with a check valve and a filter; the diameter of the main pipeline is 50mm-70mm, UPVC, PE or PPR pipes are selected, the diameter of the branch pipeline is 25mm-30mm, PE pipes are selected, and the branch pipes adopt hoses which are convenient to detach and adjust the distribution positions of the spray heads in operation.
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| CN201810997156.XA CN108787726B (en) | 2018-08-29 | 2018-08-29 | Process for restoring polluted soil by combining chemical leaching and chemical reduction |
| PCT/CN2018/110091 WO2020042291A1 (en) | 2018-08-29 | 2018-10-12 | Process for remediation of contaminated soil using chemical elution and chemical reduction in combination |
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| CN107159698B (en) * | 2017-06-09 | 2020-07-28 | 航天凯天环保科技股份有限公司 | Method for in-situ remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil by three-dimensional well leaching combined stabilization |
| CN107855359A (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2018-03-30 | 青岛华茂环保科技有限公司 | A kind of quick method of the disposal containing chromium soil |
| CN107583947A (en) * | 2017-08-17 | 2018-01-16 | 天津华勘环保科技有限公司 | Heavy-metal contaminated soil builds heap cycling elution restorative procedure |
| CN107745001B (en) * | 2017-10-16 | 2021-02-12 | 北京高能时代环境技术股份有限公司 | Repairing method of hexavalent chromium polluted building garbage |
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2018
- 2018-08-29 CN CN201810997156.XA patent/CN108787726B/en active Active
- 2018-10-12 WO PCT/CN2018/110091 patent/WO2020042291A1/en active Application Filing
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN108787726A (en) | 2018-11-13 |
| WO2020042291A1 (en) | 2020-03-05 |
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