CN108786893B - Copper-doped carbon nitrogen polymer multiphase Fenton catalyst and synthesis and application thereof - Google Patents
Copper-doped carbon nitrogen polymer multiphase Fenton catalyst and synthesis and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J27/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- B01J27/24—Nitrogen compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/722—Oxidation by peroxides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/725—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation by catalytic oxidation
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
- C02F2101/308—Dyes; Colorants; Fluorescent agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
- C02F2101/34—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C02F2101/345—Phenols
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
- C02F2101/36—Organic compounds containing halogen
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
- C02F2101/38—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2305/00—Use of specific compounds during water treatment
- C02F2305/02—Specific form of oxidant
- C02F2305/026—Fenton's reagent
Abstract
The invention discloses a copper-doped carbon nitrogen polymer multiphase Fenton catalyst and synthesis and application thereof, wherein the synthesis method comprises the following steps: adding CuCl2·2H2Adding O into the solution containing PMDA and EDA, and stirring in a water bath for more than 10 hours to form a mixed solution C; carrying out hydrothermal reaction for 10-20 h at 180 ℃, filtering the obtained solid product, grinding the dried solid material into powder, and placing the powder in N2Roasting for 3 hours in the atmosphere, and naturally cooling to obtain the product. The copper-doped carbon nitrogen polymer multiphase Fenton catalyst does not need to adjust the pH value of a system to 2-3 in the application process, and has a good removal effect on the degradation of organic pollutants difficult to biodegrade under the condition of neutral room temperature. The catalyst of the invention has large specific surface area, active components of the catalyst are greatly exposed on the surface of the catalyst, and the catalyst has the effects of resisting pollutants and H2O2Is not obviously influenced by steric hindrance effect and capillary phenomenon.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of water treatment, and particularly relates to a copper-doped carbon nitrogen polymer multiphase Fenton catalyst, a synthesis method thereof and application thereof in degrading organic pollutants in water.
Background
With the development of chemical technology, a large number of chemical synthetic materials are applied to industrial and agricultural production, so that a large number of refractory organic pollutants are continuously released into a water environment, and the safety of the water ecological environment and the human health are seriously influenced.
The Fenton method has incomparable advantages compared with the common chemical oxidation method when treating the organic wastewater difficult to degrade, and is successfully applied to the treatment of various industrial wastewater so far. A small amount of Fenton reagent is used for pretreating industrial wastewater, and a large amount of hydroxyl radicals with strong oxidizing property are generated in the reaction process (·OH) to attack organic pollutants in water body and partially oxidize the organic pollutants, thereby changing the biodegradability, the dissolubility and the coagulation property of the organic pollutants and being beneficial to subsequent treatment. However, the classical homogeneous Fenton method cannot be widely applied due to the problems that the reaction conditions are harsh, the pH value response range is narrow (2-3), a large amount of iron mud is generated, separation of active components from water cannot be realized, and the like.
The development of heterogeneous catalysts has somewhat offset some short plates of homogeneous Fenton technology, such as: the catalyst is easy to separate solid from liquid, the pH adaptation range is enlarged, and iron mud and the like are not generated in the reaction. However, the existing heterogeneous supported fenton catalytic technology still cannot meet the requirements of industrial wastewater treatment in the aspects of catalyst activity, stability and the like. One of the main reasons for poor stability is that the active components in the supported catalyst cannot be effectively complexed with the carrier, resulting in the separation and release of the active components into the solution during the reaction; in the traditional complexing method, the active components of the catalyst are easily wrapped in the internal structure of the catalyst and cannot be fully contacted with hydrogen peroxide and pollutants. Therefore, how to coordinate the balance between the two is the research focus of researchers.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for synthesizing a copper-doped carbon nitrogen polymer multiphase Fenton catalyst, which comprises the steps of dissolving 1,2,4, 5-pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA) and Ethylenediamine (EDA) in dimethyl formamide (DMF) according to a proportion, and simultaneously adding copper chloride dihydrate (CuCl)2·2H2O) is used as a copper source, and the target catalyst is synthesized through an in-situ doping hydrothermal process. Wherein EDA is used as a nitrogen source, and PMDA and DMF are both used as carbon sources.
It is another object of the present invention to provide copper produced by the above methodA doped-carbonitride heterogeneous Fenton catalyst, wherein the catalyst is formed by doping multivalent copper species in carbonitride (Cu-f-CNP NSs), and the synthesis method causes the doping of Cu, the generation of Cu-O-C bonds and the formation of wrinkled clusters; so that the catalyst has a large specific surface area, the active components of the catalyst are greatly exposed on the surface of the catalyst, and pollutants and H2O2Can be fully contacted with active sites, and simultaneously solves the problems of activity and stability.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide an application of the copper-doped carbon nitrogen polymer multiphase fenton catalyst in catalytic degradation of organic pollutants such as endocrine interferon bisphenol a (bpa), pharmaceutical substance Phenytoin (PHT), and pharmaceutical substance 2-chlorophenol (2-CP), wherein the catalytic degradation activity and efficiency are significantly higher than those of the conventional multiphase fenton catalyst.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a synthetic method of a copper-doped carbon nitrogen polymer multiphase Fenton catalyst comprises the following steps:
(1) dissolving 1,2,4, 5-pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA) and Ethylenediamine (EDA) in a solvent according to a molar ratio of 1:1 to form a solution A;
the solvent in the step (1) is preferably N, N-dimethylformamide;
(2) adding CuCl2·2H2O is added to the solution A to Cu2+The molar ratio of the mixed solution to PMDA is (0.5-2) to 1, so as to form a mixed solution B;
(3) adjusting the pH value of the mixed solution B to 9.0, and stirring in a water bath at 20-30 ℃ for more than 10 hours to form a mixed solution C; in the step, stirring in a water bath enables PMDA and EDA to be fully dissolved and reacted in DMF, and a precursor polyacrylic acid PAA is generated; simultaneously, forming a ligand with the Cu species under alkaline conditions;
the stirring speed in the step (3) is 600-1000 rpm, specifically 900 rpm;
(4) placing the mixed solution C at 180 ℃ for hydrothermal reaction for 10-20 h, naturally cooling, filtering the obtained solid product, alternately washing with deionized water and ethanol, and drying; in the step, a Cu-containing precursor is dehydrated at high temperature in a hydrothermal process and crystallized under high pressure to generate a polymer precursor; secondly, the main purpose of water washing is to wash off surface water-soluble impurities, and the main purpose of ethanol washing is to wash off surface organic impurities;
(5) grinding the dried solid material into powder, placing in N2Roasting for 3 hours in the atmosphere, and naturally cooling to obtain Cu-f-CNP NSs;
the temperature rise rate of the roasting in the step (5) is less than 10 ℃/min, preferably 5 ℃/min; the temperature rise rate can influence the surface property of the catalyst, the temperature rise is slow, trace adsorbed water can be gradually removed, surface metal species are slowly dispersed and denatured, the precursor is induced to form the catalyst and is subjected to self-oxidation decomposition at the same time, and finally the finished catalyst is black;
the roasting in the step (5) is 550-600 ℃, and preferably 550 ℃.
The copper-doped carbon nitrogen polymer multiphase Fenton catalyst Cu-f-CNP NSs prepared by the method is black solid powder; the microstructure is a corrugated cluster. The catalyst has large specific surface area, the active components of the catalyst are greatly exposed on the surface of the catalyst, and pollutants and H2O2Can be sufficiently contacted with the active site.
The copper-doped carbon nitrogen polymer multiphase Fenton catalyst and H2O2The combination can be used for treating organic pollutants in water, and specifically comprises the following steps:
the copper-doped carbon nitrogen polymer multiphase Fenton catalyst is put into water containing organic pollutants, and the concentration is 0.2 g/L; maintaining natural pH value, keeping constant temperature at 35 deg.C, continuously stirring for more than 10 min, adding H after pollutant and catalyst reach adsorption balance2O2When the concentration is more than 10mM, the Fenton reaction is carried out for more than 2 hours, and the organic pollutants are degraded;
in order to achieve a good degradation effect, the concentration of the organic pollutants in the water is preferably 0.1-100 ppm;
the organic pollutants comprise bisphenol A, 2-chlorophenol, phenytoin, rhodamine B, ciprofloxacin and the like;
the above copper-doped carbon nitride polymerHeterogeneous Fenton catalyst and H2O2When the compound is used in water, hydroxyl free radicals and superoxide free radicals are generated, and the compound can be finally applied to other fields except environmental remediation.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and effects:
(1) the copper-doped carbon nitrogen polymer multiphase Fenton catalyst does not need to adjust the pH value (pH value) of a system to 2-3 in the application process, and has a good removal effect on the degradation of organic pollutants difficult to biodegrade under the neutral room temperature condition.
(2) The catalyst of the invention has large specific surface area, active components of the catalyst are greatly exposed on the surface of the catalyst, and the catalyst has the effects of resisting pollutants and H2O2Is not obviously influenced by steric hindrance effect and capillary phenomenon.
(3) The catalyst of the invention does not produce solid foreign matters such as iron mud and the like in the reaction process, and does not need a foreign matter removing device.
(4) The catalyst of the invention has high H in the process of degrading pollutants2O2Utilization ratio.
(5) The invention has good stability in the process of removing organic pollutants.
(6) The catalyst of the invention belongs to a solid catalyst, is convenient to separate from water and is convenient to recycle.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) image of Cu-f-CNP NSs prepared in example.
FIG. 2 is an X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern of Cu-f-CNP NSs prepared in example.
FIG. 3 shows the Cu 2p X Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) of Cu-f-CNP NSs prepared in the examples.
FIG. 4 is the O1 s X ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) of Cu-f-CNP NSs prepared in the examples.
FIG. 5 is a graph of the repeated activity of the Cu-f-CNP NSs prepared in the examples to degrade BPA.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples and drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Examples
A synthetic method of a copper-doped carbon nitrogen polymer multiphase Fenton catalyst Cu-f-CNP NSs comprises the following steps:
(1) dissolving 1,2,4, 5-pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA) and Ethylenediamine (EDA) in N, N-dimethylformamide according to a molar ratio of 1:1 to form a solution A;
(2) adding CuCl2·2H2O is added to the solution A to Cu2+PMDA molar ratio is 1:1 to form a mixed solution B;
(3) by NH3·H2Adjusting the pH value of the mixed solution B to 9.0 by O; placing in a water bath at 25 ℃ and stirring for more than 10h to form a mixed solution C;
(4) placing the mixed solution C in a high-pressure reaction kettle, and placing the high-pressure reaction kettle in a 180 ℃ oven for hydrothermal reaction for 15 hours;
(5) taking out the autoclave, naturally cooling, filtering the obtained solid product, alternately washing with deionized water and ethanol, and drying in an oven;
(6) grinding the dried solid material into powder, and placing the powder in a tube furnace N2Roasting for 3 hours in the atmosphere, and naturally cooling to obtain the Cu-f-CNP NSs.
Evidence of structural characterization of the products obtained in the examples:
FIG. 1 is an SEM photograph of Cu-f-CNP NSs prepared in the examples. As can be seen from the figure, the Cu-f-CNP NSs have a corrugated cluster structure, and the particle size of the Cu-f-CNP NSs is 3-4 microns. The Cu-f-CNP NSs have a large specific surface area, measured by BET, of about 307m2g-1. The surface Cu content of the Cu-f-CNP NSs is 0.17 wt% through XPS analysis, which shows that Cu species are polymerized into the catalyst during the material synthesis process to form bulk copper.
FIG. 2 is an XRD pattern of Cu-f-CNP NSs, from which it can be seen that the material forms a polycrystalline phase after Cu incorporation, mainly with zero-valent Cu and Cu+The form exists; while passing through FIG. 3Cu 2p2/3XPS spectrum can also show the Cu species on the surface of Cu-f-CNP NSs as Cu0And Cu+The valence state exists. And, by peak fittingThe proportion of the two valence copper species on the surface of the Cu-f-CNP NSs can be calculated to be Cu0:Cu+＝1.08:1。
As can be seen from the XPS spectrum of FIG. 4O 1s, a Cu-O-C bond is formed at 531.8 eV. It is believed that Cu forms a bond by complexing with-OH adsorbing water on the aromatic ring through sigma bond during in situ synthesis, thereby greatly exposing the active component while forming a stable structure.
FIG. 5 shows the results of the stability test of the catalyst for degrading bisphenol A (BPA), and it can be seen that the catalyst not only has good activity, but also has stable structure.
Application experiments:
0.01g of the above-synthesized catalyst was charged into 50mL of 10mg L-1Maintaining the natural pH value (about 7.0), keeping the temperature at 35 ℃, continuously stirring for 10 minutes until the pollutants and the catalyst reach adsorption equilibrium, and adding 10mM H2O2The fenton reaction was started and samples were taken at different time points to measure the concentration of contaminants.
Table 1 shows the Cu-f-CNP NSs for the pollutants which are difficult to biodegrade in the water environment, such as: degradation curves of 20ppm of dye rhodamine B (RhB), 10ppm of endocrine interferon bisphenol A (BPA), 10ppm of pesticide 2-chlorophenol (2-CP), 10ppm of medical Ciprofloxacin (CIP) and 10ppm of Phenytoin (PHT).
TABLE 1
As can be seen from Table 1, almost all the pollutant degradation rates reached 100% within 120min, which well demonstrates that the catalyst has excellent catalytic performance and wide applicability. Meanwhile, the amount of copper released from the catalyst was very small, about 0.337mg L, throughout the reaction-1The catalyst has good stability in the reaction process. In addition, the catalyst is a magnetic substance, is beneficial to solid-liquid separation, and greatly improves the practicability.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A synthetic method of a copper-doped carbon nitrogen polymer multiphase Fenton catalyst is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) dissolving 1,2,4, 5-pyromellitic dianhydride and ethylenediamine in a molar ratio of 1:1 in a solvent to form a solution A;
(2) adding CuCl2·2H2O is added to the solution A to Cu2+The molar ratio of the 1,2,4, 5-pyromellitic dianhydride to the 1,2,4, 5-pyromellitic dianhydride is (0.5-2) to 1, so as to form a mixed solution B;
(3) adjusting the pH value of the mixed solution B to 9.0, and stirring in a water bath at 20-30 ℃ for more than 10 hours to form a mixed solution C;
(4) placing the mixed solution C at 180 ℃ for hydrothermal reaction for 10-20 h, naturally cooling, filtering the obtained solid product, alternately washing with deionized water and ethanol, and drying;
(5) grinding the dried solid material into powder, placing in N2Roasting for 3 hours in the atmosphere, and naturally cooling to obtain the copper-doped carbon nitrogen polymer multiphase Fenton catalyst.
2. The method of synthesis according to claim 1, characterized in that: the solvent in the step (1) is N, N-dimethylformamide.
3. The method of synthesis according to claim 1, characterized in that: and (5) the temperature rising rate of the roasting in the step (5) is less than 10 ℃/min.
4. The method of synthesis according to claim 1, characterized in that: the roasting in the step (5) is 550-600 ℃.
5. The copper-doped carbon nitrogen polymer multiphase Fenton catalyst is characterized in that: is prepared by the method of any one of claims 1 to 4.
6. The copper doped carbon nitrogen polymer multiphase Fenton's catalyst of claim 5 and H2O2The application of the combination in treating organic pollutants in water.
7. Use according to claim 6, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
the copper-doped carbon nitrogen polymer heterogeneous Fenton's catalyst according to claim 5 is put into water containing organic pollutants at a concentration of 0.2 g/L; maintaining natural pH value, keeping constant temperature at 35 deg.C, continuously stirring for more than 10 min, adding H after pollutant and catalyst reach adsorption balance2O2When the concentration is more than 10mM, the Fenton reaction lasts for more than 2 hours, and the organic pollutants are degraded.
8. Use according to claim 7, characterized in that: the concentration of organic pollutants in water is 0.1-100 ppm.
9. Use according to claim 6, characterized in that: the organic pollutants comprise bisphenol A, 2-chlorophenol, phenytoin, rhodamine B and ciprofloxacin.
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| CN110092461A (en) * | 2019-04-03 | 2019-08-06 | 重庆工商大学 | One kind being based on Cu2+For active component catalyst to the processing method of bisphenol-A waste water |
| CN110116016A (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2019-08-13 | 广州大学 | A kind of in-situ doping type iron series class fenton catalyst and its synthetic method and application |
| CN110420655B (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2022-07-08 | 中南民族大学 | Preparation method and application of graphite carbon-coated iron-nitrogen-carbon solid-phase Fenton catalyst |
| CN112121839B (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2023-03-14 | 武汉纺织大学 | Copper-oxygen co-doped carbon-nitrogen catalyst and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN112517042B (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2023-03-28 | 广州大学 | Nitrogen-doped Fenton-like catalyst and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN112517041B (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2023-03-14 | 广州大学 | Solid-phase Fenton-like catalyst and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN112607843B (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2023-03-24 | 广西科学院 | Reagent for accelerating Fenton reaction and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN115282997A (en) * | 2022-07-28 | 2022-11-04 | 广州大学 | Carbon-nitrogen material loaded monoatomic copper catalyst and synthesis method and application thereof |
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