CN108781333B

CN108781333B - Audio transducer

Info

Publication number: CN108781333B
Application number: CN201780018041.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: C·伦巴赫; A·辛藤纳切
Original assignee: Aoyin Technology Zhenjiang Co ltd
Current assignee: Aoyin Technology Zhenjiang Co ltd
Priority date: 2016-03-17
Filing date: 2017-03-17
Publication date: 2020-11-13
Anticipated expiration: 2037-03-17
Also published as: WO2017157329A1; CN108781333A

Abstract

The present invention relates to audio transducers. A novel audio transducer for mobile devices, particularly micro-speakers, has a magnetic steel plate (80, 180), a collar (116, 216, 316), a diaphragm (12, 112), a magnetic circuit system (50, 150), and a coil assembly (130). Alternatively, the magnetic circuit system (50, 150) may include an annular plate (58, 158) attached to a set of external magnets (54, 154). At least some of the surfaces of the transducer parts facing the coils (32, 132) have a spectral absorption coefficient α >0.8 in the wavelength range λ ═ 5.06 μm to λ ═ 9.89 μm. Additionally, the outer surface of the coil (32, 132) or speaker (10, 110, 120) may also include a surface having the absorption properties.

Description

Audio transducer

Technical Field

The present invention relates to an audio transducer such as a loudspeaker or a receiver for converting an electrical audio signal into acoustic sound. The invention also relates to micro-speakers optimized for high acoustic output and located in small-volume mobile devices such as mobile phones, tablets, gaming devices, notebooks or similar devices.

Background

A prior art micro-speaker used in a mobile device includes a coil fixed to a diaphragm of the speaker. The coil comprises two leads for feeding an electrical signal into the coil. The coil is arranged within a magnetic field formed by a group of magnets. An electrical signal fed into the coil vibrates the coil and the connected diaphragm, thereby producing acoustic sound that is related to the electrical signal.

A particular disadvantage of known loudspeakers is their thermal properties. In particular, the current flowing through the coil causes an increase in the temperature of the coil and in turn in particular of the air in the back volume of the loudspeaker and of the diaphragm. Since the properties of the diaphragm, in particular the properties of the air in the back volume, depend on said temperature, the frequency response of the loudspeaker depends on said temperature. Thus, the frequency response of the speaker changes over time, as typically the input/output power and thus temperature also changes over time. The higher the power fed into the coil, the higher the deviation from the optimal frequency response. This is an undesirable effect because the frequency response is often a result of the long, bulky design of the speaker, which is damaged by temperature variations.

Disclosure of Invention

It is an object of the invention to provide an audio transducer for a mobile device without the disadvantages of the known transducers. A new audio transducer for mobile devices, particularly micro-speakers, includes a magnetic steel plate, a frame or collar (collar), a diaphragm, a magnetic circuit system, and a coil assembly. The frame/collar comprises: a first portion substantially parallel to the magnetic steel plate; and a bore through the first portion of the frame/collar. The periphery of the diaphragm is attached to the first portion of the collar. The magnetic circuit system includes: a perimeter magnet assembly having a set of external magnets arranged proximate a perimeter of the magnet steel plate; and/or a central magnet assembly having a central magnet attached to the magnetic steel plate and substantially surrounded by the set of outer magnets of the peripheral magnetic circuit system and a magnetic gap formed in the magnetic circuit system. The central magnet assembly may further comprise a magnetically permeable sheet attached to the central magnet. The coil assembly finally includes a coil positioned in the magnetic gap, wherein the coil has a top side attached to the diaphragm and a pair of electrical leads extending from the coil.

In the following disclosure, the terms "frame" and "collar" may be used in an equivalent manner. Thus, the term "perimeter" may be used in place of the term "frame" and vice versa.

At least some (preferably at least 50%) of the surface of the transducer member facing the coil has a spectral absorption coefficient α >0.8 in a wavelength range λ 5.06 μm to λ 9.89 μm. This means that at least one value of the spectral absorption coefficient α in the wavelength range λ 5.06 μm to λ 9.89 μm is greater than 0.8. This also means that all values of the spectral absorption coefficient α in the wavelength range λ 5.06 μm to λ 9.89 μm are greater than 0.8.

The advantage of this new loudspeaker is improved thermal properties. With the above measures, the heat radiation emitted from the coil is absorbed by the surface surrounding the coil in a better way, which means that more heat is absorbed than in prior art designs. Therefore, temperature variation is reduced, and the stability of the frequency response is improved.

According to the wien's displacement law, a wavelength λ of 9.89 μm corresponds to a temperature of 20 ℃ or 293.15K, and a wavelength λ of 5.06 μm corresponds to a temperature of 200 ℃ or 573.15K.

Wherein λ is_maxIs the wavelength of maximum radiation of the black body at the kelvin temperature T, and where 2897.8 μm · K is the wien displacement constant. Thus, the thermal characteristics of the loudspeaker are particularly improved in the temperature range of 20 ℃ to 200 ℃.

Further details and advantages of audio transducers of the disclosed type will become apparent in the following description and the accompanying drawings.

Advantageously, at least some of the transducer elements have s>2.00J/(cm³K) And has a surface facing the coil. At least 50% of the surfaces facing the coil have an alpha in the wavelength range from 5.06 to 9.89 [ mu ] m>A spectral absorption coefficient of 0.8. In this way, the radiant energy emitted from the coil can be "stored" in the portion surrounding the coil in an improved manner. Therefore, thermal variation in the speaker is suppressed, and thus the stability of the frequency response of the speaker is further improved. In the following table, the contents of some exemplary materials are shownHeat capacity is accumulated.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the loudspeaker, at least some of the transducer parts have a λ_T>A thermal conductivity of 5.00W/(m.K) and has a surface facing the coil. At least 50% of the surfaces facing the coil have an alpha in the wavelength range from 5.06 to 9.89 [ mu ] m>A spectral absorption coefficient of 0.8. In this way, the radiated energy emanating from the coil can be dissipated in an improved manner. Thus, thermal variations in the loudspeaker can be reduced even over a long period of time, so that the stability of the frequency response of the loudspeaker is further improved. In the following table, λ for some exemplary materials is shown_TThermal conductivity of (1).

Material	Thermal conductivity
		Aluminum (Al)	236W/(m·K)
Copper (Cu)	401W/(m·K)
		Steel	≈50W/(m·K)
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC)	0.17W/(m·K)
		Polypropylene (PP)	0.23W/(m·K)

Some materials combine good volumetric heat capacity with good thermal conductivity. Thus, at least 50% of the coil-facing surfaces of the peripheral magnet assembly/central magnet assembly/magnetic steel plate/frame/collar have a spectral absorption coefficient α >0.80 in the wavelength range λ 5.06 μm to λ 9.89 μm. The same is true for a ring plate attached to a set of external magnets. In particular, the frame/collar/the magnetic steel plate and/or the annular plate are made of metal. Additionally or alternatively, the diaphragm facing the coil may have a spectral absorption coefficient α >0.80 in a wavelength range λ ═ 5.06 μm to λ ═ 9.89 μm.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the loudspeaker, at least some of the transducer parts having a spectral absorption coefficient of α >0.8 in the wavelength range of λ -5.06 μm to λ -9.89 μm and the surfaces facing the coil comprise at least partially surfaces facing the outer space of the transducer and having a spectral absorption coefficient of α >0.8 in the wavelength range of λ -5.06 μm to λ -9.89 μm. In this way, the heat radiation and thus the heat dissipation of the loudspeaker is improved. Furthermore, thermal variations in the loudspeaker can be reduced even over a long period of time, so that the stability of the frequency response of the loudspeaker is further improved.

In addition, at least 50% of the surface of the coil may have a spectral absorption coefficient α >0.8 in a wavelength range λ 5.06 μm to λ 9.89 μm. In this way, the heat radiation of the coil and thus its heat dissipation is improved. Furthermore, thermal variations in the loudspeaker can be reduced even over a long period of time, so that the stability of the frequency response of the loudspeaker is further improved.

In general, surfaces having a spectral absorption coefficient of α >0.8 in the wavelength range λ 5.06 μm to λ 9.89 μm can be realized, for example, by painting or coating, in accordance with "SUPERTERRM black" of the German manufacturer MOTIP-DUPLI GmbH.

Although embodiments of the audio transducer are shown and described as having a rectangular shape, it should be understood that in other embodiments, the audio transducer may have various shapes, including but not limited to circular and oval. Thus, the invention is not limited to audio transducers having a rectangular shape.

Drawings

These and other aspects, features, details, utilities, and advantages of the present invention will become more fully apparent from the following detailed description, the appended claims, and the accompanying drawings, wherein the features according to exemplary embodiments of the present invention are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, and wherein:

FIG. 1 shows an exploded top perspective view of relevant portions of a first embodiment of a rectangular micro-speaker;

FIG. 2A shows a bottom perspective view of a relevant portion of a first embodiment of a rectangular micro-speaker;

FIG. 2B shows a bottom perspective view of the relevant portion of the first embodiment of the rectangular micro-speaker;

fig. 3 illustrates an exploded top perspective view of a rectangular micro-speaker according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 illustrates a top perspective view of a coil assembly of a rectangular micro-speaker according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 illustrates a top perspective view of a rectangular micro-speaker according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a flowchart describing a method of manufacturing a rectangular micro-speaker according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a top perspective view of a rectangular micro-speaker within a housing according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

figure 8A is a top perspective view of a collar of a rectangular micro-speaker according to a third embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 8B is a bottom perspective view of a rectangular micro-speaker according to a third embodiment of the present invention;

figure 9A is a bottom perspective view of a collar of a rectangular micro-speaker according to a fourth embodiment of the present disclosure; and

fig. 9B is a top perspective view of a collar of a rectangular micro-speaker according to a fourth embodiment of the present disclosure.

Like reference numerals designate similar or equivalent parts throughout the several views.

Detailed Description

Herein, various embodiments are described for various devices. Numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the overall structure, function, manufacture, and use of the embodiments described in the specification and illustrated in the accompanying drawings. However, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known operations, components and elements have not been described in detail so as not to obscure the embodiments described in the specification. It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that the embodiments described and illustrated herein are non-limiting examples, and thus, it is to be understood that the specific structural and functional details disclosed herein may be representative and do not necessarily limit the scope of the embodiments, which are defined solely by the appended claims.

Reference throughout the specification to "various embodiments," "some embodiments," "one embodiment," or "an embodiment," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment. Thus, appearances of the phrases "in various embodiments," "in some embodiments," "in one embodiment," or "in an embodiment," or the like, in places throughout the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. Thus, a particular feature, structure, or characteristic illustrated or described in connection with one embodiment may be combined, in whole or in part, with features, structures, or characteristics of one or more other embodiments without limitation, provided that such combination is not illogical or functional.

It must be noted that, as used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" include plural referents unless the content clearly dictates otherwise.

In the description and claims, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the terms so used are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the invention described herein are, for example, capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or otherwise described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements is not necessarily limited to those elements, but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

All directional references (e.g., "positive," "negative," "upper," "lower," "upward," "downward," "left," "right," "leftward," "rightward," "front," "rear," "top," "bottom," "above," "below," "vertical," "horizontal," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise") are only used for identification purposes to aid the reader's understanding of the present disclosure, and do not create limitations, particularly as to the position, orientation, or use of any aspect of the present disclosure. It is to be understood that the terms so used are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the invention described herein are, for example, capable of operation in other orientations than those illustrated or otherwise described herein.

As used herein, the terms "configured to," "configured for," and similar phrases indicate that the subject apparatus, device, or system is designed and/or constructed (e.g., by suitable hardware, software, and/or components) to achieve one or more specific object goals, and not that the subject apparatus, device, or system is only capable of performing the object goals.

Connection references (e.g., "attached," "coupled," "connected," etc.) are to be construed broadly and may include intermediate members between a connection of elements and relative movement between elements. Thus, a connection reference does not necessarily imply that two elements are directly connected and in a fixed relationship to each other. It is intended that all matter contained in the above description or shown in the accompanying drawings shall be interpreted as illustrative only and not limiting. Changes in detail or structure may be made without departing from the spirit of the disclosure as defined in the appended claims.

All numbers expressing measured values and so forth used in the specification and claims are to be understood as being modified in all instances by the term "about".

Fig. 1 shows an exploded perspective view of relevant portions of a first embodiment of a rectangular micro-speaker 10. Loudspeaker 10 includes a diaphragm 12, diaphragm 12 typically being constructed of one or more layers of material such as, for example, ether ketone (PEEK), acrylate and/or Thermoplastic Elastomer (TEP), Polyetherimide (PEI), and/or other materials known in the art. The diaphragm 12 may further include a vibration plate 14 for reinforcing the diaphragm 12. The loudspeaker 10 furthermore comprises a coil 32 with leads 34. The electrical signal for driving the coil 32 is fed into the coil 32 through the lead wires 34. The coil of the assembled loudspeaker 10 is secured to the diaphragm 12 with an adhesive such as, for example, glue, tape, or other adhesive as is known in the art.

Loudspeaker 10 includes a magnetic circuit system 50, where magnetic circuit system 50 includes a peripheral magnet assembly 52 and a central magnet assembly 60. The perimeter magnet assembly 52 includes four magnets 54 arranged on the rectangular sides of the rectangular speaker 10 and an annular plate 58 secured to the magnets 54. The center magnet assembly 60 includes a magnet 62 disposed in the center of the speaker 10 and a magnetically permeable plate 64 secured to the magnet 62. Peripheral magnet assembly 52, central magnet assembly 60, and magnetic steel plate 80 attached to peripheral magnet assembly 52 and central magnet assembly 60 (opposite annular plate 58 and magnetic conductive plate 64) form magnetic field guide 68. Magnetic field guides 68 guide and focus the magnetic fields of

magnets

54 and 62 in a magnetic gap 70 between peripheral magnet assembly 52 and central magnet assembly 60, in which magnetic gap 70 coil 32 is disposed in assembled speaker 10. It is also possible to use only the central magnet or the peripheral magnet assembly, rather than both the central magnet and the peripheral magnet assembly.

The micro-speaker 10 further includes a frame 90 for assembling and aligning the diaphragm 12 with the magnetic circuit system 50. The coil 32 is fitted into the magnetic gap 70 and is capable of translating up and down within the magnetic gap 70 in accordance with an electrical signal fed into the coil 32 through the leads 34. Frame 90 is typically made of molded plastic, which enables frame 90 to have a complex surface with openings that allow air to flow through and secure other portions of speaker 10. The ends of the leads 34 of the coil 32 are soldered to contact pads 92t, which contact pads 92t are secured to the top side of the frame 90 during the assembly process. As shown in fig. 2A, the bottom side of frame 90 includes contact pads 92b, contact pads 92b electrically connected with contact pads 92t on the top side of frame 90. As shown in fig. 2B, other electrical connections are made with a flexible printed circuit 94 that includes contact pads 96. During the assembly process, the contact pads 96 of the flexible printed circuit 94 are soldered to the contact pads 92 b. The electric signal for driving the coil 32 is fed to the lead 34 through the flexible printed circuit 94, the contact pad 96, the contact pad 92b, and the contact pad 92 t. Further, as shown in fig. 2A and 2B, the magnetic steel plate 80 includes a bottom port (vent)98, the bottom port 98 allowing air flow between the back volume (not shown) and the back volume side of the diaphragm 12. Bottom port 98 allows diaphragm 12 to vibrate undistorted in accordance with the electrical signal fed into coil 32.

According to the invention, at least some (advantageously at least 50%) of the surfaces of the transducer parts facing the coil 32 have a spectral absorption coefficient α >0.8 in the wavelength range λ ═ 5.06 μm to λ ═ 9.89 μm. In the exemplary embodiment shown in fig. 1-2A, at least 50% of the surface a of the perimeter magnet assembly 52 (specifically, the outer magnet 54) facing the coil 32 has a given absorption characteristic. Alternatively or additionally, at least 50% of the surface B of the central magnet assembly 60 (specifically, the central magnet 62) facing the coil 32 has a given absorption characteristic. Alternatively or additionally, at least 50% of the surface C of the magnetic steel plate 80 facing the coil 32 has a given absorption characteristic.

In this particular embodiment, the peripheral magnet assembly 52 includes an annular plate 58 attached to a set of external magnets 54. Alternatively or additionally, at least 50% of the surface D of the annular plate 58 facing the coil 32 has a spectral absorption coefficient α >0.80 in the wavelength range λ -5.06 μm to λ -9.89 μm. Furthermore, at least 50% of the surface of the frame 90 and/or the diaphragm 12 facing the coil 32 may also have given absorption properties.

By these measures, the radiation emitted from the coil 32 is absorbed in an improved manner. This is why heating of the loudspeaker 10, especially at high power outputs, can be reduced. In this context, if there is a in a given wavelength range>Transducer elements with a spectral absorption coefficient of 0.8 have s>2.00J/(cm³K) Is advantageous. In this way, the thermal energy radiated by the coil 32 can be stored. In particular, temperature variations are suppressed, especially when short power peaks occur. Furthermore, if there is α in a given wavelength range>Transducer elements with a spectral absorption coefficient of 0.8 have a lambda_T>A thermal conductivity of 5.00W/(mK) is advantageous. In this way, the heat dissipation of the speaker 10 is improved. Thus, the temperature can be kept stable even for a long period of time. In this context, if the surface facing the external space of the loudspeaker 10 has a wavelength α in the wavelength range λ 5.06 μm to λ 9.89 μm>A spectral absorption coefficient of 0.8 is also useful. In this example, the outer surface E of the external magnet 54 and the outer surface F (specifically, the bottom surface) of the magnetic steel plate 80 have given absorption characteristics. In addition, the annular plate 58 may also have a given absorption characteristic. In this way, the heat radiation of the loudspeaker 10 is improved. It should be noted that some surfaces are covered by the frame 90. Thus, the frame 90 may also have a given absorption characteristic on its inner and/or outer surface. Thus, for example, heat is transferred from the coil 32 to the external magnet 54, the frame 90, and then to the external space.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the loudspeaker 10, at least 50% of the inner surface G or the outer surface H of the coil 32 has a spectral absorption coefficient α >0.80 in the wavelength range λ 5.06 μm to λ 9.89 μm. In this way, the heat radiation of the coil 32 and thus the heat dissipation can be improved.

In general, the magnetic material has s>2.00J/(cm³K) Volumetric heat capacity and λ T>A thermal conductivity of 5.00W/(m.K). Thus, it is advantageous to construct a light source having α in a given wavelength range>An outer magnet 54 and a center magnet 62 with a spectral absorption coefficient of 0.8, as shown in fig. 1. Furthermore, it is advantageous if the magnetic steel plate 80 and the annular plate 58 are made of metal, in particular steel. Usually, metals also have s>2.00J/(cm³K) Volumetric heat capacity and λ T>A thermal conductivity of 5.00W/(m.K). In addition, the frame 90 may also be made of metal. However, the frame 90 may also be made of plastic. In particular, the frame 90 may be made of a material having s>2.00J/(cm³K) Volumetric heat capacity and/or λ T>5.00W/(m.K) of thermal conductivity.

In general, surfaces a to H having a spectral absorption coefficient α >0.8 in the wavelength range λ 5.06 μm to λ 9.89 μm can be realized by painting or coating. Painting and/or coating may be performed in the assembled state of loudspeaker 10 or in a partially assembled state of loudspeaker 10, or individual parts may be painted/coated.

The relevant components of the second embodiment of the present invention are shown in figures 3, 4, 5 and 7. Fig. 3 shows an exploded perspective view of a relevant part of the rectangular speaker 110. Fig. 4 shows a perspective view of the assembly of the coil 132 and the flexible printed circuit 136. Fig. 5 shows a top perspective view of relevant portions of the assembled speaker 110. Fig. 6 is a flowchart describing a method of manufacturing the speaker 110. Fig. 7 is a top perspective view of the assembled speaker 110 within the housing 190.

Loudspeaker 110 includes diaphragm 112, collar 116, coil assembly 130, magnetic circuit 150, and magnetic steel plate 180. Diaphragm 112 may be constructed from one or more layers of material such as, for example, ether ketone (PEEK), acrylate and/or Thermoplastic Elastomer (TEP), Polyetherimide (PEI), and/or other materials known in the art. The diaphragm 112 may further include a vibration plate 114 for reinforcing the diaphragm 112.

The speaker 110 includes a magnetic circuit system 150, and the magnetic circuit system 50 includes a peripheral magnet assembly 152 and a central magnet assembly 160. The perimeter magnet assembly 152 includes four magnets 154 arranged on the rectangular sides of the rectangular speaker 110 and an annular plate 158 secured to the magnets 154. The center magnet assembly 160 includes a magnet 162 disposed in the center of the speaker 110 and a magnetically permeable plate 164 secured to the magnet 162. Peripheral magnet assemblies 152, central magnet assembly 160, and magnetic steel plate 180 attached to peripheral magnet assemblies 152 and central magnet assembly 160 (opposite annular plate 158 and flux plate 164) form magnetic field guides 168. Magnetic field guides 168 guide and focus the magnetic fields of

magnets

154 and 162 in a magnetic gap 170 between peripheral magnet assembly 152 and central magnet assembly 160, in which magnetic gap 170 coil 132 is disposed in assembled speaker 110.

The speaker 110 includes a coil assembly 130 having a coil 132, leads 134, and a flexible printed circuit 136. The electrical signal for driving the coil 132 is fed into the coil 132 through the flexible printed circuit 136 and the lead wires 134. The coil 132 of the assembled speaker 110 is secured to the diaphragm 112 with an adhesive such as, for example, glue, tape, or other adhesives known in the art. Alternatively, the leads 134 of the coil 132 may be directly connected to a flexible printed circuit 136, as shown in the drawing. In this case, the flexible printed circuit 136 includes a pair of contact pads 138 on a first terminal end of the flexible printed circuit 136, the pair of contact pads 138 in electrical communication with contact pads 140 on a second terminal end of the flexible printed circuit 136, the second terminal end being opposite the first terminal end. Electrical communication between

contact pads

140 and 138 may be achieved using traces and/or vias as is known in the art. The leads 134 are electrically connected to the contact pads 138 by solder connections to allow electrical signals to flow from a source (not shown) into the contact pads 140, through traces and/or vias in the flexible printed circuit 136, through the contact pads 138, through the leads 134, and into the coil 132. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that in various embodiments, the electrical connection between the leads 134 and the flexible printed circuit 136 may be accomplished in various ways known in the art, for example, by inserting the leads 134 into an electrical connector attached to the flexible printed circuit 136, and the electrical connection of the coil 132 may also be accomplished as shown in fig. 1-2B.

According to the invention, at least some (advantageously at least 50%) of the surfaces of the transducer parts facing the coil 132 have a spectral absorption coefficient α >0.8 in the wavelength range λ ═ 5.06 μm to λ ═ 9.89 μm. In the exemplary embodiment shown in fig. 3-7, at least 50% of the surface a of the perimeter magnet assembly 152 (specifically, the outer magnet 54) facing the coil 132 has a given absorption characteristic. Alternatively or additionally, at least 50% of the surface B of the central magnet assembly 160 (in particular, the central magnet 162) facing the coil 132 has a given absorption characteristic. Alternatively or additionally, at least 50% of the surface C of the magnetic steel plate 180 facing the coil 132 has a given absorption characteristic.

In this particular embodiment, the peripheral magnet assembly 152 includes an annular plate 158 attached to a set of external magnets 154. Alternatively or additionally, at least 50% of the surface D of the annular plate 158 facing the coil 132 has a spectral absorption coefficient α >0.80 in the wavelength range λ 5.06 μm to λ 9.89 μm. Furthermore, at least 50% of the surface C of the collar 116 and/or diaphragm 112 facing the coil 132 may also have a given absorption characteristic.

By these measures, the radiation emitted from the coil 132 is absorbed in an improved manner. This is why the heating of the loudspeaker 110, especially at high power outputs, can be reduced. In this context, if there is a in a given wavelength range>Transducer elements with a spectral absorption coefficient of 0.8 have s>2.00J/(cm³K) Is advantageous. In this way, the thermal energy radiated by the coil 132 can be stored. In particular, temperature variations are suppressed, especially when short power peaks occur. Furthermore, if there is α in a given wavelength range>Transducer elements with a spectral absorption coefficient of 0.8 have a lambda_T>A thermal conductivity of 5.00W/(mK) is advantageous. In this way, the heat dissipation of the speaker 110 is improved. Thus, the temperature can be kept stable even for a long period of time. In this context, if the surface facing the external space of the loudspeaker 10 has a wavelength α in the wavelength range λ 5.06 μm to λ 9.89 μm>Spectrum of 0.8The absorption coefficient is also usable. In this example, the outer surface E of the external magnet 54 and the outer surface F (specifically, the bottom surface) of the magnetic steel plate 80 have given absorption characteristics. In addition, the annular plate 158 may also have a given absorption characteristic. In this way, the heat radiation of the speaker 110 is improved.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the loudspeaker 10, at least 50% of the inner surface G or the outer surface H of the coil 132 has a spectral absorption coefficient α >0.80 in the wavelength range λ 5.06 μm to λ 9.89 μm. In this way, the heat radiation of the coil 132 and thus the heat dissipation can be improved.

In general, the magnetic material has s>2.00J/(cm³K) Volumetric heat capacity and λ T>A thermal conductivity of 5.00W/(m.K). Thus, it is advantageous to construct a light source having α in a given wavelength range>An outer magnet 154 and a center magnet 162 of spectral absorption coefficient of 0.8, as shown in fig. 3. Furthermore, it is advantageous if the magnetic steel plate 180 and the annular plate 158 are made of metal, in particular steel. Usually, metals also have s>2.00J/(cm³K) Volumetric heat capacity and λ T>A thermal conductivity of 5.00W/(m.K).

In general, surfaces a to H having a spectral absorption coefficient α >0.8 in the wavelength range λ 5.06 μm to λ 9.89 μm can be realized by painting or coating. Painting and/or coating may be performed in the assembled state of the speaker 110 or in a partially assembled state of the speaker 110, or individual parts may be painted/coated.

As can be seen in fig. 3, in the second embodiment, the frame 90 of the micro-speaker 10 is replaced with a collar 116. The collar 116 has a first portion 118, the first portion 118 being generally horizontal and generally parallel to the magnetic steel plate 180. A generally rectangular opening 120 is provided in the first portion 118, and the coil 132 may translate through the opening 120 during operation of the speaker 110. The first portion 118 serves as an edge to which the periphery of the diaphragm 112 is attached, typically by glue or adhesive. Extending downward and generally perpendicular from the side of the first portion 118 of the collar 116 is a second portion, shown as a side tab (tab) 122. Preferably, the collar 116 includes four (4) side tabs; however, it should be understood that in various embodiments, for example, the collar 116 may include about two (2) tabs to about four (4) tabs (e.g., two (2) tabs, three (3) tabs, four (4) tabs). In other embodiments, the collar 116 may include less than two (2) tabs. In other embodiments, the collar 116 may include more than four (4) tabs.

With continued reference to fig. 3, the collar 116 also includes optional openings 124, the openings 124 being between the tabs 122 near the corners of the collar 116. Preferably, the collar 116 includes four (4) openings; however, it should be understood that in various embodiments, for example, the collar 116 may include about two (2) openings to about four (4) openings (e.g., two (2) openings, three (3) openings, four (4) openings). In other embodiments, the collar 116 may include less than two (2) openings. In other embodiments, the collar 116 may include more than four (4) openings.

The opening 124 serves as a side port that allows air flow between the back volume (not shown) and the back volume side of the diaphragm 112. As shown in fig. 3 and 5, the opening 124 is generally aligned with a gap 156 between the magnets 154 of the magnetic circuit 150, and thus the speaker 110 includes a generally unobstructed air path between the back volume and the back volume side of the diaphragm 112. Thus, the opening 124 allows the diaphragm 112 to vibrate without distortion in response to an electrical signal fed into the coil 132. With the inclusion of the opening 124 on the collar 116, a rear port is not required in the magnet steel plate 180. Because a rear port is not required at the upper portion of magnetic steel plate 180, the geometry and/or features of magnetic steel plate 180 can be simplified compared to magnetic steel plate 80, thereby reducing assembly costs. However, it should be understood that in various embodiments, a rear port may be provided in the magnetic steel plate 180 in addition to or instead of the opening in the collar 116.

Advantageously, the collar 116 is made of metal. In this manner, the collar 116 provides excellent heat storage and transfer capabilities. Heat dissipation is generally improved by omitting the frame 90, which is typically made of plastic, because heat does not have to pass through the frame 90 (the frame 90 typically has neither a very good heat storage capacity nor a very good heat transfer capacity).

The collar 116 may be mounted to the magnet steel plate 180, the annular plate 158, or both. For example, the collar 116 may be glued or welded to the magnetic steel plate 180 and/or the annular plate 158, particularly by laser welding or ultrasonic welding.

Preferably, the collar 116 also includes a stabilizing tab 126 extending generally horizontally from the right tab 122. As shown in fig. 5, the stabilizing tabs 126 engage the flexible printed circuit 136 for stabilizing the flexible printed circuit 136, providing protection between the electrical connections between the leads 134 and the contact pads 138, and maintaining the position of the collar 116 and the coil assembly 130 in the speaker 110. The stabilizing tab 126 is attached to the flexible printed circuit 136 using an adhesive 142 (see fig. 3), such as, for example, glue, tape, or other adhesives known in the art.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the leads 134 of the coil 132 extend from a side of the coil 132 near the flexible printed circuit 136, and each lead 134 forms a short loop. This allows the length of the lead wires 134 to be shorter than the lead wires 34 of the micro-speaker 10. However, in other embodiments, for example, the leads 134 of the coil 132 may extend from a side of the coil 132 remote from the flexible printed circuit 136 and be looped inward to electrically connect with the contact pads 138 of the flexible printed circuit 136. As shown, leads 134 extend from the bottom of the coil 132, and when the coil is in the rest position, the leads 134 may be substantially horizontal and substantially coplanar with the flexible printed circuit 136. In various embodiments, the Speaker 110 may also include one or more support members for supporting the Coil 132 and/or leads 134, as described in U.S. provisional application 62/147,801 entitled "Speaker with Supported Coil Wire," filed 4, 15, 2015, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

An assembled speaker 110 is shown in fig. 5. Referring now to fig. 6, an embodiment of an assembled speaker 110 is illustrated. In step 600, the surface g.. H of the coil 132, the surface a.. D facing the coil 132 and/or the outer surface e.. F are coated or painted. In step 602, the leads 134 of the coil 132 are soldered to the contact pads 138 of the flexible printed circuit 136 to form the coil assembly 130. In step 604, the coil assembly 130 is placed within the perimeter magnet assembly 152, and the lead 134 is looped around the right magnet 154 of the perimeter magnet assembly 152. In step 606, the collar 116 is placed on top of and around the perimeter magnet assembly 152, and the stabilizing tabs 126 of the collar 116 are attached to the flexible printed circuit 136 of the coil assembly 130. In step 608, the magnetic steel plate 180 with the central magnet assembly 160 is attached to the magnets 154 of the peripheral magnet assemblies 152 on opposite sides of the annular plate 158. In step 610, the periphery of diaphragm 112 is attached to collar 116, collar 116 is attached to annular plate 158 and magnetic steel plate 180, and coil 132 is attached to diaphragm 112. This approach results in an assembled speaker 110 as shown in fig. 5.

Although the various steps are described herein in one order, it should be understood that other embodiments of the method may be performed in any order and/or without any of the described steps without departing from the scope of the invention. In particular, painting and/or coating is not necessary prior to assembly. Rather, painting and/or coating may be performed after or between assembly of the speaker 110. Further, it should be noted that the collar 116 may be attached only to the magnet steel plate 180 or the ring plate 158. Further, the annular plate 158 is not an integral part of the speaker 110 as mentioned before, and may be omitted.

The assembled speaker 110 may be mounted in a housing 190, as shown in fig. 7. The housing 190 is illustrated as having an acoustic path terminating in a side perforation 192; however, it should be understood that in various embodiments, the housing of speaker 110 may include an acoustic path that terminates in a top or bottom perforation. The housing also includes a channel through which the flexible printed circuit 136 exits so that it can be connected to a circuit source (not shown) to drive the speaker 110. It is also to be understood that the housing 190 has a wavelength range of 5.06 μm to 9.89 μm on its inner and/or outer surface with α>A spectral absorption coefficient of 0.80. Further, the housing 190 may have s>2.00J/(cm³K) Volumetric heat capacity and/or λ T>A thermal conductivity of 5.00W/(m.K). Thus, in particular, housing 190 can be made of a material having s>2.00J/(cm³K) Volumetric heat capacity and/or λ T>Metal or compound of particles having thermal conductivity of 5.00W/(m.K)The material is prepared.

Another embodiment of the speaker 210 of the present invention is illustrated in fig. 8A, 8B and described below. Some features of one or more of the

speakers

110 and 210 are identical to each other, and thus, it should be understood that the description of these features in one embodiment applies to other embodiments. Furthermore, certain features and aspects of one embodiment may be used in combination with or instead of those of another embodiment.

Referring to fig. 8A, a portion of a speaker 210 is shown. Loudspeaker 210 includes diaphragm 112, collar 216, coil assembly 130, magnetic circuit 150, and magnetic steel plate 180. Speaker 210 is substantially identical to speaker 110, except for the design of collar 216. The collar 216 has a first portion 218, the first portion 218 being substantially horizontal and substantially parallel to the magnetic steel plate (see fig. 8B). A generally rectangular opening 220 is provided in the first portion 218 through which the coil 132 may translate during operation of the speaker 210. The first portion 218 serves as an edge to which the periphery of the diaphragm 112 is typically attached, for example by glue or adhesive. Extending downward and generally perpendicular from the side of the first portion 218 of the collar 216 is a second portion, shown as a sidewall 222. The sidewall 222 extends around the perimeter of the collar 216.

With continued reference to FIG. 8A, the sidewall 222 includes a set of openings 224, the openings 224 passing through the sidewall 222 near the corners of the collar 216. The openings 224 are shown as generally circular holes arranged in rows and columns. In various embodiments, for example, the opening 224 may be laser cut into the sidewall 222. The opening 224 serves as a side port that allows air flow between the back volume (not shown) and the back volume side of the diaphragm 112. As shown in fig. 8A, the opening 224 is generally aligned with the gap between the magnets 154 of the magnetic circuit 150, and thus the loudspeaker 210 includes a generally unobstructed air path between the back volume and the back volume side of the diaphragm 112. Thus, opening 224 allows diaphragm 112 to vibrate undistorted in response to an electrical signal fed into coil 132. With the inclusion of the opening 224 on the collar 216, a rear port is not required in the magnetic steel plate 180, as shown in FIG. 8B. Because a rear port is not required on magnetic steel plate 180, the geometry and/or features of magnetic steel plate 180 can be simplified compared to magnetic steel plate 80, thereby reducing assembly costs. However, it should be understood that in various embodiments, a rear port may be provided in the magnetic steel plate 180 in addition to or instead of the opening in the collar 216.

Furthermore, with the design shown in fig. 8A and 8B, the volume and surface of the collar 216 is increased compared to the collar 116 of the speaker 110 as shown in fig. 3-7. Therefore, the heat absorbing capacity, the heat radiating capacity, the heat transferring capacity, and the heat storing capacity are improved as compared with the collar 116 of the speaker 110 shown in fig. 3 to 7.

It will be appreciated that the number and/or size of the openings 224 may be varied to provide suitable side ventilation to the back volume (not shown) to achieve the desired acoustic performance of the speaker 210. Furthermore, as described in U.S. provisional application serial No. 62/237,961 entitled "electrochemical Transducer," filed on 10/6/2015, which is incorporated by reference in its entirety, the maximum size of the opening 224 may be smaller than the absorbent material filled in the housing. The adsorbent material may be, for example, a zeolitic material as described in U.S. published patent application 2013/0170687 entitled "Loudsheaker System with Improved Sound" published on 7/4.2013.

The collar 216 also includes stabilizing tabs 226 that extend generally horizontally from the side wall 222. As shown in fig. 8A, the stabilizing tabs 226 engage the flexible printed circuit 136 for stabilizing the flexible printed circuit 136, providing protection between the electrical connections between the leads 134 and the contact pads 138, and maintaining the position of the collar 216 and the coil assembly 130 in the speaker 210. The stabilizing tab 226 is attached to the flexible printed circuit 136 using an adhesive 142 (see fig. 3), such as, for example, glue, tape, or other adhesives known in the art.

Another embodiment of the collar 316 of the present invention is illustrated in fig. 9A, 9B and described below. Some features of one or more of the

collars

216 and 316 are identical to each other, and thus, it should be understood that the description of these features in one embodiment applies to the other embodiments. Furthermore, certain features and aspects of one embodiment may be used in combination with or instead of those of another embodiment.

Collar 316 has a first portion 318, and first portion 118 is substantially horizontal and substantially parallel to magnetic steel plate 180. A generally rectangular opening 320 is provided in the first portion 318 through which the coil 132 may translate during operation of the speaker 110 through the first portion 118. The first portion 318 serves as an edge to which the periphery of the diaphragm 112 is typically attached, for example by glue or adhesive. Extending downward and generally perpendicular from the side of first portion 318 of collar 316 is a second portion, shown as sidewall 322. Sidewall 322 extends around the perimeter of collar 316.

Side wall 322 includes a set of openings 324 and openings 224 pass through side wall 322 near the corners of collar 316. The openings 324 are shown as slots arranged in columns. Slot opening 324 is shown extending upwardly from the terminal end of sidewall 322 toward first portion 318 of collar 316. In various embodiments, for example, openings 324 may be laser cut into the side walls 322. The opening 324 serves as a side port that allows air flow between the back volume (not shown) and the back volume side of the diaphragm 112. The opening 324 may be generally aligned with the gap between the magnets 154 of the magnetic circuit 150, and thus the loudspeaker may include a generally unobstructed air path between the back volume and the back volume side of the diaphragm 112. Thus, the opening 324 allows the diaphragm 112 to vibrate without distortion in response to an electrical signal fed into the coil 132. With the inclusion of the opening 324 on the collar 316, a rear port is not required in the magnet steel plate 180, as shown in FIG. 8B. Because a rear port is not required on magnetic steel plate 180, the geometry and/or features of magnetic steel plate 180 can be simplified compared to magnetic steel plate 80, thereby reducing assembly costs. However, it should be understood that in various embodiments, a rear port may be provided in the magnetic steel plate 180 in addition to or instead of the opening in the collar 316.

Furthermore, with the design in fig. 9A and 9B, the volume and surface of the collar 316 is increased compared to the collar 116 of the speaker 110 shown in fig. 3-7. Therefore, the heat absorbing capacity, the heat radiating capacity, the heat transferring capacity, and the heat storing capacity are improved as compared with the collar 116 of the speaker 110 shown in fig. 3 to 7.

Collar 316 also includes stabilizing tabs 326 extending generally horizontally from side wall 322. The stabilizing tab 326 functions the same as the stabilizing tab 226 shown in fig. 8A. The stabilizing tabs 326 engage the flexible printed circuit 136 for stabilizing the flexible printed circuit 136, providing protection between the electrical connections between the leads 134 and the contact pads 138, and maintaining the position of the collar 316 and the coil assembly 130 in the speaker 210. The stabilizing tab 326 is attached to the flexible printed circuit 136 using an adhesive 142 (see fig. 3), such as, for example, glue, tape, or other adhesives known in the art.

In the above example, at least 50% of the surface of the transducer component has an absorption coefficient α >0.80 over a given wavelength range. However, other ratios are also applicable. Thus, a 50% replacement rate of 80% or even 100% is possible. 100% means that all relevant surfaces have a given absorption characteristic. Furthermore, other surfaces which do not face the coil or the external space can also have given absorption properties at the same time. In particular, the relevant loudspeaker component as a whole may be painted or coated.

Further, it should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments and exemplary working examples. Other developments, modifications and combinations are also within the scope of the patent claims and can be appreciated by the person skilled in the art from the above disclosure. It should be understood, therefore, that the techniques and structures described and illustrated herein are illustrative and exemplary and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims, including known equivalents and unforeseeable equivalents at the time of filing this application. Although numerous embodiments of the present invention have been described above with a certain degree of particularity, those skilled in the art could make numerous alterations to the disclosed embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this disclosure.

Finally, it should be noted that any patent, publication, or other disclosure material, in whole or in part, that is said to be incorporated by reference herein is incorporated herein only to the extent that the incorporated material does not conflict with existing definitions, statements, or other disclosure material set forth in this disclosure. Thus, and where necessary, the disclosure explicitly set forth herein supersedes any conflicting material incorporated herein by reference. Any material, or portion thereof, that is said to be incorporated by reference herein, but which conflicts with existing definitions, statements, or other disclosure material set forth in this disclosure will only be incorporated so as to not cause a conflict between that incorporated material and the existing disclosure material.

Claims

1. An audio transducer, the audio transducer comprising:

a magnetic steel plate having a perimeter;

a frame including a first portion parallel to the magnetic steel plate and a hole passing through the first portion of the frame;

a diaphragm including a perimeter attached to the first portion of the frame;

a magnetic circuit system including one or more magnets arranged on the magnetic steel plate and a magnetic gap formed in the magnetic circuit system; and

a coil assembly, the coil assembly comprising: a coil positioned in the magnetic gap, wherein the coil has a top side attached to the diaphragm; and a pair of electrical leads extending from the coil,

wherein at least one of the magnetic steel plate, the frame, the diaphragm, and the magnetic circuit system includes a surface facing the coil, the surface having a spectral absorption coefficient α >0.8 in a wavelength range of λ 5.06 μm to λ 9.89 μm.

2. The audio transducer of claim 1, wherein at least 50% of all surfaces of the magnetic steel plate, the frame, the diaphragm, and the magnetic circuit system facing the coil have a spectral absorption coefficient α >0.80 in a wavelength range of 5.06 μ ι η to 9.89 μ ι η.

3. The audio transducer of claim 1, wherein at least one of the magnetic steel plate, the frame, the diaphragm, and the magnetic circuit system has s>2.00J/(cm³K) And comprises a surface facing the coil, wherein at least 50% of the surface facing the coil has a in the wavelength range of 5.06 μm to 9.89 μm>A spectral absorption coefficient of 0.8.

4. The audio transducer of claim 1, wherein at least one of the magnetic steel plate, the frame, the diaphragm, and the magnetic circuit has λ_T>A thermal conductivity of 5.00W/(m.K), and comprising a surface facing the coil, wherein at least 50% of the surface facing the coil has an α in a wavelength range of λ 5.06 μm to λ 9.89 μm>A spectral absorption coefficient of 0.8.

5. The audio transducer of claim 1, wherein at least 50% of the surface of the one or more magnets facing the coil has a spectral absorption coefficient a >0.80 over a wavelength range of λ 5.06 μ ι η to λ 9.89 μ ι η.

6. The audio transducer of claim 1, wherein at least 50% of the surfaces of the magnetic steel plate, the frame and the diaphragm facing the coil have a spectral absorption coefficient α >0.80 in the wavelength range λ 5.06 μ ι η to λ 9.89 μ ι η.

7. The audio transducer of claim 1, wherein the magnetic circuit system comprises a perimeter magnet assembly having a plurality of external magnets arranged proximate a perimeter of the magnetic steel plate and an annular plate attached to the plurality of external magnets, and wherein at least 50% of a surface of the annular plate facing the coil has a spectral absorption coefficient α >0.80 in a wavelength range λ 5.06 μ ι η to λ 9.89 μ ι η.

8. The audio transducer of claim 7, wherein at least one of the frame, the magnetic steel plate, and the annular plate is made of metal.

9. The audio transducer of claim 1, wherein the at least one of the magnetic steel plate, the frame, the diaphragm, and the magnetic circuit system having a surface facing the coil with a spectral absorption coefficient α >0.8 in a wavelength range λ -5.06 μ ι η to λ -9.89 μ ι η further comprises a surface facing an exterior space of the transducer and having a spectral absorption coefficient α >0.8 in a wavelength range λ -5.06 μ ι η to λ -9.89 μ ι η.

10. The audio transducer of claim 1, wherein at least 50% of the surface of the coil has a spectral absorption coefficient α >0.8 over a wavelength range λ -5.06 μ ι η to λ -9.89 μ ι η.

11. The audio transducer of claim 1, wherein a surface having a spectral absorption coefficient α >0.8 over a wavelength range λ 5.06 μ ι η to λ 9.89 μ ι η has a coating.

12. The audio transducer of claim 11, wherein the coating is a paint.