CN108775321B - Guide rail sliding type unilateral bolt fastener and use method thereof - Google Patents
Guide rail sliding type unilateral bolt fastener and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108775321B CN108775321B CN201810835296.7A CN201810835296A CN108775321B CN 108775321 B CN108775321 B CN 108775321B CN 201810835296 A CN201810835296 A CN 201810835296A CN 108775321 B CN108775321 B CN 108775321B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000013013 elastic material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B35/00—Screw-bolts; Stay-bolts; Screw-threaded studs; Screws; Set screws
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
- B25B27/00—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for
- B25B27/14—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for for assembling objects other than by press fit or detaching same
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Abstract
A guide rail sliding type unilateral bolt fastener and a use method thereof, wherein the guide rail sliding type unilateral bolt fastener consists of an L-shaped gasket, a table-shaped hoop, a round head bolt and a nut, the L-shaped gasket consists of four L-shaped fan blades which are connected by an elastic material A, the table-shaped hoop is provided with four slit tracks along the circumferential direction, and the tail end of the table-shaped hoop is provided with an indent piece; the L-shaped gasket can realize radial contraction or expansion in the process of moving along the slit track, when each L-shaped fan blade of the L-shaped gasket touches, the radial dimension is smaller than the aperture of the bolt, and when the L-shaped gasket breaks away from the platform-shaped hoop to expand, the radial dimension is larger than the aperture of the bolt, thereby realizing unilateral fastening. The invention can realize unilateral operation, connection and fastening among the connecting plates, has better mechanical property and can realize recycling.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a bolt fastener capable of being used for unilateral installation in structural member connection and fastening, in particular to a guide rail sliding type unilateral bolt fastener, and belongs to the technical fields of civil construction engineering and mechanical assembly.
Background
With the great development of assembled structures, the demands for screw connections for fastening the structure are increasing. In the case of bolts which are currently in common use, when fastening components, it is necessary to operate on both sides of the component, i.e. to insert a bolt shank from one side of the bolt hole and to screw the nut on the other side with a tool. The connection fastening method is simple to operate and good in bearing capacity, but is only applicable to the opening section. For example, in the aspect of beam column connection, the section of the steel pipe column has higher bending resistance and torsional rigidity, and can be matched with concrete for use, so that the advantages of the bearing capacity, rigidity, fire resistance and the like of the steel pipe column are obviously improved, and the steel pipe column is gradually popularized.
However, since the steel pipe column has a closed cross section and has a shielding portion which cannot be spanned by a human hand, the steel pipe column cannot be operated on both sides, and at this time, the steel pipe column can be connected by using a single-sided bolt. At present, the disclosed related single-sided bolt patents have the defects of excessively weakening a bolt rod, having small anchoring area of a bolt head, having weak tensile capacity, being incapable of recycling, causing resource waste and the like, and are greatly limited in application, and the related single-sided bolt patents are specifically described in detail from the following aspects:
1. the implementation mechanism is as follows: in order to realize the purpose of unilateral operation, the existing unilateral bolts are mostly at the cost of weakening the bolt rod or enlarging the aperture of the bolt, so that the reliability of the bolt connection is greatly reduced, and the realization mechanism is complex. For example, an umbrella-shaped unfolding bolt fastener weakens a bolt rod, and meanwhile, in order to realize single-side operation, an umbrella-shaped spring is too complicated to open and is not easy to process in batches.
2. Stress angle:
1) Bolt weakening
In the steel structure design, the beam column connecting node plays a role in transmitting bending moment and shearing force between beam columns, and the performance of the beam column connecting node directly influences the integral reaction of the structure, so that when the bolt connection is adopted, the reliability of the bolt connection needs to be particularly emphasized. For closed sections such as square rigid pipe columns, the prior art is mostly in the form of a sacrificial bolt rod to achieve the purpose of single-sided operation in order to achieve single-sided operation of the bolt. For example, a blind bolt in the United kingdom is used for grooving the bolt rod in order to realize that the sliding block can be folded or unfolded in the sliding block groove; and as a pull-supporting type unilateral bolt fastener, the four elastic petals are opened in an umbrella shape through the central through hole of the screw rod, and the bolt rod is weakened.
2) Gasket form
The gaskets adopted by the conventional bolts are in a straight shape, and are easy to topple in use.
3) Anchoring inside the hole wall
If the unilateral bolt is applied to an engineering structure, the anchoring capability of one side of the closed section needs to be ensured to be enough, but the existing unilateral bolt is difficult to ensure the requirement. For example, a single-side operation is realized by a pull-support type single-side bolt fastener, and the supporting surface is vertical, but the anchoring area is too small. And then, like a Hollo-bolt, single-side operation is realized by opening each limb, but the inner side of the hole wall is not sufficiently anchored, and finally, each limb of the bolt is pulled out.
3. And (3) installing a tool:
in order to realize unilateral operation, the existing single-sided bolt needs to adopt a special installation tool, so that the installation is complex. Such as the Ajax ONESIDE bolt in Australia, requires the use of an installation tool to bring the collapsible inner washer to the other side of the screw hole. And for example, the BOM bolt and the HSBB bolt in the United states are required to clamp the tail part of the screw rod by adopting a special installation tool and tighten the screw rod towards the outer side of the steel pipe column, so that the BOM sleeve or the HSBB first sleeve is extruded and deformed, and the inner side of the hole wall is anchored.
4. Recyclability:
bolts are widely used as connectors for connecting members, not only in their reliable connection, but also in their easy disassembly and reusability. However, for most existing unilateral bolts, in order to realize unilateral operation, an anchoring end is formed by deformation of a sleeve on the inner side of the hole wall. For example, an Ultra-Twist bolt of Huck company realizes the anchoring of the inner side of the hole wall through the bulging deformation of the spherical sleeve, and the mode can realize the purpose of unilateral operation, but the deformation of the spherical sleeve is unrecoverable, so that the recycling cannot be realized. And like Molabolt in UK, the hammer is used for knocking the core rod to open each limb at the slot of the sleeve, so that the aim of unilateral operation is fulfilled, but the repeated use cannot be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the guide rail sliding type unilateral bolt fastener and the use method thereof, which not only can effectively implement fastening operation unilaterally, but also can improve the comprehensive mechanical property of bolt bearing, and can be conveniently disassembled and reused as required.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the guide rail sliding type unilateral bolt fastener comprises matched round head bolts and nuts, wherein each round head bolt consists of a bolt head and a bolt rod, a plurality of elastic materials B are uniformly distributed and fixed on the bottom of the bolt head in the circumferential direction, and the other end of each elastic material B is connected with a guide end plate; the unilateral bolt fastener also comprises an L-shaped gasket and a table-shaped hoop; the L-shaped gasket is formed by connecting at least two L-shaped fan blades through an elastic material A, fixed beads are embedded in the end faces of flanges of the L-shaped fan blades, one sides of the flanges of all the L-shaped fan blades are oppositely distributed to form an annular array, and the adjacent L-shaped fan blades touch each other under the action of no external force; the whole of the table-shaped hoop is in a combined shape of a truncated cone and a cylinder, a blind hole matched with the bolt head is formed in one end of the cylinder, slit tracks which are the same as L-shaped fan blades in number and extend along the length of the circular hole are uniformly formed in the table-shaped hoop in the circumferential direction, the number of elastic materials B and the number of the guide end plates are the same as that of the slit tracks, the inscribed circle diameter of the cut section of the slit tracks is larger than the diameter of the fixed ball and the circumscribed circle diameter of the cut section of the guide end plate, the distance between the slit track openings is smaller than the diameter of the fixed ball and the circumscribed circle diameter of the cut section of the guide end plate, an inner concave piece is arranged at the tail end of the slit track, and the inscribed circle diameter of the cut section of the inner concave piece is smaller than the circumscribed circle diameter of the cut section of the guide end plate and larger than the diameter of the fixed ball; the elastic material B drives the guide end plate to be in an elastic tensioning state in the whole process of moving along the slit track; when the L-shaped fan blades of the L-shaped gasket are contacted, the outer diameter size of the L-shaped fan blades is smaller than the diameter of the bolt hole, the inscribed circle diameter of the middle space formed by the L-shaped fan blades in a converging mode is smaller than the outer diameter of the cylindrical shape of the platform-shaped hoop, and when the L-shaped gasket is separated from the platform-shaped hoop, the outer diameter size of the L-shaped gasket is larger than the diameter of the bolt hole.
The application method of the guide rail sliding type unilateral bolt fastener comprises the following operation steps:
1. when in installation
1) Firstly, clamping the bolt head of the round head bolt by the table-shaped hoop, and slightly rotating the table-shaped hoop to ensure that the central axis of a slit track and a guide end plate of the table-shaped hoop are on the same plumb line; 2) Then the guide end plate passes through the upper part of the slit rail, and the elastic material B drives the guide end plate to move towards the tail end along the slit rail under the action of elastic restoring force, so that the guide end plate is finally blocked by the concave piece; 3) Then penetrating the fixed ball on the L-shaped gasket from the tail end of the slit track to enable the fixed ball to tightly prop against the guide end plate, wherein the elastic material B is in a tensioning state, and meanwhile pushing the L-shaped gasket to enable the fixed ball to move upwards along the slit track, and enabling the L-shaped gasket to shrink radially until all the L-shaped blades touch each other and cannot move continuously; 4) Then the whole L-shaped gasket and the table-shaped hoop slowly pass through the bolt hole, when the L-shaped gasket just passes through the bolt hole, under the elastic restoring force of the elastic material B, the fixed ball 2c and the guide end plate are driven to return to the tail end of the rail along the slit rail, and meanwhile the L-shaped gasket is driven to gradually expand radially until the fixed ball is separated from the tail end of the slit rail, at the moment, the elastic material A is in a tensioning state, and under the elastic restoring force of the elastic material A, the L-shaped gasket radially contracts until the bolt rod is clamped; 5) Finally, slightly rotating the bolt rod to enable a circular groove formed in the upper portion of the bolt rod to be matched with the fixed ball, screwing the nut into the outer side of the bolt hole, and screwing the nut by using a wrench after a certain pretightening force is achieved, so that the installation is completed;
2. when disassembled
1) Firstly, unscrewing the nut by using a spanner, and taking down the nut; 2) Then using an object with enough diameter to penetrate outside the bolt hole to enable the L-shaped gasket to be opened in the radial direction; 3) Finally, the round head bolt and the table-shaped hoops hooped on the round head bolt are integrally taken out from the bolt holes, and finally, the separation and the disassembly of the two connecting plates are realized, and meanwhile, the recycling of the round head bolt and the table-shaped hoops is realized.
Compared with the prior art, the guide rail sliding type unilateral bolt fastener and the use method thereof have the beneficial effects that:
1. when the single-side operation is realized, the L-shaped gasket slides along the guide rail to realize radial expansion or contraction, and the bolt rod is not weakened.
2. According to the invention, the L-shaped gasket is contacted with one side of the connecting plate to realize the anchoring of one side of the closed section, the supporting surface of the connecting plate is vertical, the circumferential force is uniformly applied, and the mechanical property is good.
3. This patent adopts "L" shape gasket, has the advantage of preventing toppling.
4. The invention can adjust the number of the L-shaped fan blades and the central angle of the L-shaped gasket according to the requirement, realize the change of the radial contraction range, reduce the mounting aperture under the same bearing condition, reduce the negative influence of the bearing of the mounting Kong Duijie component and have better mechanical property.
5. The table-shaped hoop is a non-stressed component in the use process, the material of the table-shaped hoop can be selected from materials with low manufacturing cost, steel materials which are the same as those of other components of the bolts are not required, and plastic products and the like can be used for replacing the steel materials, so that the manufacturing cost is reduced, and the cost is saved.
6. The invention realizes unilateral operation through the table-shaped hoops and the L-shaped gaskets, does not carry out excessive transformation on bolts, has simple realization principle, does not need special installation tools, and has simple installation operation.
7. When the invention is disassembled, the L-shaped gaskets are only required to be opened along the radial direction, so that the separation and the disassembly of the two connecting plates are realized, the recycling of the round head bolts and the table-shaped hoops on the round head bolts are realized, and the economic benefit is extremely high.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 is an exploded view of a structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of fig. 1 prior to entry into a bolt hole.
Fig. 3 is an effect diagram of fastening two connection plates using fig. 1.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the mesa cuff of FIG. 1.
Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the round head bolt of fig. 1.
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the L-shaped gasket of FIG. 1 in a fully contracted state (without external force);
fig. 7 is a perspective view showing an opened state of the L-shaped washer of fig. 1 when the shank of the bolt is caught.
In the figure: 1. the connecting plate comprises a connecting plate, a 2L-shaped gasket, a 2a L-shaped fan, a2B elastic material A,2c, a fixed ball, a 3, a table-shaped hoop, a 3a slit rail, a 3B, an indent piece, a 4, a round head bolt, a 4a bolt head, a 4B, a bolt rod, a 4c, an elastic material B,4d, a guide end plate, a 4e, a circular groove, a 5 and a nut.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to fall within the scope of the invention.
Fig. 1 to 3 show a schematic structural view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and a rail-sliding type single-sided bolt fastener of fig. 1 is composed of a round head bolt 4, a nut 5, an L-shaped washer 2 and a mesa-shaped ferrule 3. Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the method for using the guide rail sliding type unilateral bolt fastener comprises the following steps that during installation, a table-shaped hoop 3 is clamped on a bolt head 4a of a round head bolt 4, and the table-shaped hoop 3 is slightly rotated so that the central axis of a slit track 3a and a guide end plate 4d are on the same plumb line; then the guide end plate 4d passes through the upper part of the slit track 3a, and the elastic material B4c drives the guide end plate 4d to move towards the tail end along the slit track 3a under the action of elastic restoring force, and finally is clamped by the concave piece 3B; then, penetrating the fixed ball 2c on the L-shaped gasket 2 from the tail end of the slit track 3a, enabling the fixed ball 2c to tightly abut against the guide end plate 4d, enabling the elastic material B4c to be in a tensioning state, pushing the L-shaped gasket 2 to enable the fixed ball 2c to move upwards along the slit track 3a, and enabling the L-shaped gasket 2 to shrink radially until the four L-shaped sectors 2a touch each other and cannot move continuously; then the L-shaped gasket 2 and the table-shaped hoop 3 are integrally and slowly penetrated through the bolt hole, when the L-shaped gasket 2 just penetrates through the bolt hole, the elastic restoring force of the elastic material B4c drives the fixed ball 2c and the guide end plate 4d to return to the tail end of the track along the slit track 3a, and meanwhile drives the L-shaped gasket 2 to be gradually opened along the radial direction until the fixed ball 2c is separated from the tail end of the slit track 3a, at the moment, the elastic material A2B is in a tensioning state, and the L-shaped gasket 2 is radially contracted under the elastic restoring force until the bolt rod 4B is clamped; finally, slightly rotating the bolt rod 4b to enable a circular groove 4e formed in the upper portion of the bolt rod 4b to be matched with the fixed ball 2c, screwing the nut 5 into the outer side of the bolt hole, and screwing the nut 5 by using a wrench after a certain pretightening force is achieved, so that the installation is completed; when the nut 5 is disassembled, firstly, the nut 5 is unscrewed by using a spanner, and the nut 5 is removed; then, an object with a diameter enough to penetrate is used outside the bolt hole (such as a tiny object is pulled out) to enable the L-shaped gasket 2 to be opened along the radial direction; finally, the round head bolt 4 and the table-shaped hoop 3 hooped on the round head bolt are integrally taken out from the bolt hole, and finally, the separation and the disassembly of the two connecting plates 1 are realized, and meanwhile, the recycling of the round head bolt 4 and the table-shaped hoop 3 is realized.
As shown in fig. 4, the table-shaped ferrule 3 is integrally formed in a shape of a truncated cone and a cylinder, one end of the cylinder is provided with a blind hole matched with the bolt head 4a, and four slit rails 3a extending along the length of the table-shaped ferrule 3 are uniformly arranged on the table-shaped ferrule 3 in a circumferential direction. Further preferably, a rubber pad is further disposed in the blind hole of the table-shaped hoop 3, so that the sealing and the tight fitting with the bolt head 4a can be realized, and the table-shaped hoop 3 can be made of a material with low cost, such as plastic.
As shown in fig. 5, the round head bolt 4 is composed of a bolt head 4a and a bolt rod 4b; a plurality of elastic materials B4c are uniformly distributed and fixed on the circumference of the bottom of the bolt head 4a, specifically, the elastic materials B4c can be fixed in the holes formed in the bottom of the bolt head 4a of the round head bolt 4, and the other end of each elastic material B4c is connected with a guide end plate 4d; the number of elastic materials B4c and the guide end plates 4d is also four; referring to fig. 1, in order to further protect the fixed ball 2c from being damaged when the pretightening force is applied, the recycling of the L-shaped gasket 2 is more facilitated, a circular groove 4e is further formed in the upper portion of the bolt rod 4b, the position of the groove corresponds to the slit track 3a, and the groove specification is matched with the fixed ball 2 c.
As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the L-shaped gasket 2 is formed by connecting four L-shaped sectors 2a with an elastic material A2b, the central angle of each L-shaped sector 2a is 60 °, fixed beads 2c are embedded in the end face of the flange of the L-shaped sector 2a, one sides of the flanges of all L-shaped sectors 2a are oppositely distributed to form an annular array, and the adjacent L-shaped sectors 2a touch each other under the action of no external force.
As a preferred design, referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3 again, the slit rail 3a and the guide end plate 4d are circular in cross section, the diameter of the cross section circle of the slit rail 3a is larger than the diameter of the fixed ball 2c and the diameter of the guide end plate 4d, and the distance between the openings of the slit rail 3a is smaller than the diameter of the fixed ball 2c and the diameter of the guide end plate 4d, so that the guide end plate 4d can drive the fixed ball 2c to move along the slit rail 3a without radial separation; the tail end of the slit track 3a is provided with an indent 3b, the cut section of the indent 3b is also circular, the diameter of the cross section circle of the indent 3b is smaller than the diameter of the guide end plate 4d and larger than the diameter of the fixed ball 2c, so that when the guide end plate 4d drives the fixed ball 2c to move to the tail end along the slit track 3a, the guide end plate 4d can be clamped by the indent 3b, and the fixed ball 2c can be separated along the slit track 3a.
The elastic material B4c drives the guide end plate 4d to be in an elastic tension state in the whole process of moving along the slit track 3 a; the L-shaped gasket 2 can move along the slit track 3a to realize radial contraction or expansion, and when the L-shaped gasket 2 moves along the slit track 3a to the tail end to be separated, the elastic material A2b is in an elastic tension state; when the L-shaped fan blades 2a of the L-shaped gasket 2 are touched, the outer diameter size of the L-shaped fan blades is smaller than the diameter of the bolt hole, the inscribed circle diameter of the middle space formed by the L-shaped fan blades 2a in a converging mode is smaller than the cylindrical outer diameter of the platform-shaped hoop 3, and when the L-shaped gasket 2 is separated from the platform-shaped hoop 3, the outer diameter size of the L-shaped gasket is larger than the diameter of the bolt hole.
As another preferred embodiment, the L-shaped gasket 2 is composed of three L-shaped sectors 2a, three slit tracks 3a extending along the length of the slit tracks are uniformly arranged on the platform-shaped hoop 3 correspondingly in a circumferential manner, and the number of the elastic materials B4c and the guide end plates 4d is three correspondingly.
The application method of the guide rail sliding type unilateral bolt fastener comprises the following operation steps:
1. when in installation
1) Firstly, clamping a bolt head 4a of a round head bolt 4 by a table-shaped hoop 3, slightly rotating the table-shaped hoop 3 to ensure that the central axis of a slit track 3a and a guide end plate 4d of the table-shaped hoop are on the same plumb line;
2) Then the guide end plate 4d passes through the upper part of the slit track 3a, and the elastic material B4c drives the guide end plate 4d to move towards the tail end along the slit track 3a under the action of elastic restoring force, and finally is clamped by the concave piece 3B;
3) Then penetrating the fixed ball 2c on the L-shaped gasket 2 from the tail end of the slit track 3a, enabling the fixed ball 2c to tightly abut against the guide end plate 4d, enabling the elastic material B4c to be in a tensioning state, pushing the L-shaped gasket 2 to enable the fixed ball 2c to move upwards along the slit track 3a, and enabling the L-shaped gasket 2 to shrink radially until all the L-shaped sectors 2a are in contact with each other and cannot move continuously;
4) Then the whole L-shaped gasket 2 and the table-shaped hoop 3 slowly pass through the bolt hole on the connecting plate 1, when the L-shaped gasket 2 just passes through the bolt hole, the elastic restoring force of the elastic material B4c drives the fixed ball 2c and the guide end plate 4d to return to the tail end of the rail along the slit rail 3a, and simultaneously drives the L-shaped gasket 2 to gradually expand radially until the fixed ball 2c is separated from the tail end of the slit rail 3a, at the moment, the elastic material A2B is in a tensioning state, and the L-shaped gasket 2 radially contracts under the elastic restoring force until the bolt rod 4B is clamped;
5) Finally, slightly rotating the bolt rod 4b to enable a circular groove 4e formed in the upper portion of the bolt rod 4b to be matched with the fixed ball 2c, screwing the nut 5 into the outer side of the bolt hole, and screwing the nut 5 by using a wrench after a certain pretightening force is achieved, so that the installation is completed;
2. when disassembled
1) Firstly, unscrewing the nut 5 by using a spanner, and taking down the nut 5;
2) Then using an object with enough diameter to penetrate outside the bolt hole to enable the L-shaped gasket 2 to be opened in the radial direction;
3) Finally, the round head bolt 4 and the table-shaped hoop 3 hooped on the round head bolt are integrally taken out from the bolt hole, and finally, the separation and the disassembly of the two connecting plates 1 are realized, and meanwhile, the recycling of the round head bolt 4 and the table-shaped hoop 3 is realized.
The foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and any simple modification and equivalent variation (such as wire pulling or spring, etc. may be adopted to achieve the up-and-down movement of the L-shaped pad 2 along the mesa-shaped cuff 3 in the implementation process) of the above embodiment falls within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a unilateral bolt fastener of guide rail slidingtype, includes matched with button head bolt (4) and nut (5), button head bolt (4) constitute characterized by bolt head (4 a) and bolt rod (4 b):
a plurality of elastic materials B (4 c) are uniformly distributed and fixed on the bottom circumference of the bolt head (4 a), and the other end of each elastic material B (4 c) is connected with a guide end plate (4 d);
the unilateral bolt fastener also comprises an L-shaped gasket (2) and a table-shaped hoop (3);
the L-shaped gasket (2) is formed by connecting at least two L-shaped fan blades (2 a) through an elastic material A (2 b), fixed beads (2 c) are embedded in the end face of the flange of the L-shaped fan blade (2 a), one sides of the flanges of all the L-shaped fan blades (2 a) are oppositely distributed to form an annular array, and the adjacent L-shaped fan blades (2 a) touch each other under the action of no external force;
the whole of the table-shaped hoop (3) is in a truncated cone and cylinder combined shape, one end of the cylinder is provided with a blind hole matched with the bolt head (4 a), slit tracks (3 a) which are the same as the L-shaped fan blades (2 a) in number and extend along the length of the table-shaped hoop (3) are uniformly arranged on the table-shaped hoop (3), the number of the elastic materials B (4 c) and the guide end plates (4 d) is the same as the number of the slit tracks (3 a), the inscribed circle diameter of the cut-off section of the slit tracks (3 a) is larger than the diameter of the fixed ball (2 c) and the circumscribed circle diameter of the cut-off section of the guide end plates (4 d), the distance between the openings of the slit tracks (3 a) is smaller than the diameter of the fixed ball (2 c) and the circumscribed circle diameter of the cut-off section of the guide end plates (4 d), and the inscribed circle diameter of the cut-off section of the concave parts (3B) is smaller than the circumscribed circle diameter of the cut-off section of the guide end plates (4 d) and larger than the fixed ball (2 c);
the elastic material B (4 c) drives the guide end plate (4 d) to be in an elastic tension state in the whole moving process of the slit rail (3 a); when the L-shaped fan blades (2 a) of the L-shaped gasket (2) are touched, the outer diameter of the L-shaped fan blades is smaller than the diameter of the bolt holes, the inscribed circle diameter of the middle space formed by the L-shaped fan blades (2 a) in a converging mode is smaller than the outer diameter of the cylinder of the platform-shaped hoop (3), and when the L-shaped gasket (2) is separated from the platform-shaped hoop (3), the outer diameter of the L-shaped gasket is larger than the diameter of the bolt holes;
the upper part of the bolt rod (4 b) is provided with a circular groove (4 e) for the fixed ball (2 c) to be matched with;
the upper part of the bolt rod (4 b) is also provided with a circular groove (4 e), the grooving position corresponds to the slit track (3 a), and the grooving specification is matched with the fixed ball (2 c);
the slit rail (3 a) and the guide end plate (4 d) are circular in cut section, the diameter of the cut section circle of the slit rail (3 a) is larger than the diameter of the fixed ball (2 c) and the diameter of the guide end plate (4 d), the distance between openings of the slit rail (3 a) is smaller than the diameter of the fixed ball (2 c) and the diameter of the guide end plate (4 d), the tail end of the slit rail (3 a) is provided with an indent (3 b), the cut section of the indent is circular, and the diameter of the section circle of the indent (3 b) is smaller than the diameter of the guide end plate (4 d) and larger than the diameter of the fixed ball (2 c).
2. The guideway sliding single-sided bolt fastener of claim 1, characterized by: the L-shaped gasket (2) consists of three or four L-shaped fan blades (2 a), three or four slit tracks (3 a) extending along the length of the slit tracks are uniformly arranged on the platform-shaped hoop (3) correspondingly in a circular way, and the number of the elastic materials B (4 c) and the number of the guide end plates (4 d) are three or four correspondingly.
3. The rail-sliding single-sided bolt fastener of claim 2, characterized by: when the number of the L-shaped fan blades (2 a) is four, the central angle of each L-shaped fan blade (2 a) is 60 degrees.
4. The guideway sliding single-sided bolt fastener of claim 1, characterized by: a rubber pad is also arranged in the blind hole of the table-shaped hoop (3).
5. The guideway sliding single-sided bolt fastener of claim 1, characterized by: the material of the table-shaped hoop (3) is plastic.
6. A method of using the rail-sliding single-sided bolt fastener of any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by the steps of:
1. when in installation
1) Firstly, clamping a bolt head (4 a) of a round head bolt (4) by a table-shaped hoop (3), and slightly rotating the table-shaped hoop (3) to ensure that the central axis of a slit track (3 a) and a guide end plate (4 d) of the table-shaped hoop are on the same plumb line;
2) Then the guide end plate (4 d) passes through the upper part of the slit rail (3 a), and at the moment, the elastic material B (4 c) drives the guide end plate (4 d) to move towards the tail end along the slit rail (3 a) under the action of elastic restoring force, and finally is clamped by the concave piece (3B);
3) Then, penetrating the fixed ball (2 c) on the L-shaped gasket (2) from the tail end of the slit track (3 a) to enable the fixed ball (2 c) to tightly abut against the guide end plate (4 d), wherein the elastic material B (4 c) is in a tensioning state, and pushing the L-shaped gasket (2) to enable the fixed ball (2 c) to move upwards along the slit track (3 a), so that the L-shaped gasket (2) radially contracts until all the L-shaped sectors (2 a) are contacted with each other and cannot move continuously;
4) Then the L-shaped gasket (2) and the table-shaped hoop (3) are integrally and slowly penetrated through the bolt hole on the connecting plate (1), when the L-shaped gasket (2) just penetrates through the bolt hole, the elastic restoring force of the elastic material B (4 c) drives the fixed ball (2 c) and the guide end plate (4 d) to return to the tail end of the rail along the slit rail (3 a), and simultaneously drives the L-shaped gasket (2) to be gradually opened in the radial direction until the fixed ball (2 c) is separated from the tail end of the slit rail (3 a), and at the moment, the elastic material A (2B) is in a tensioning state, and the L-shaped gasket (2) is radially contracted under the elastic restoring force until the bolt rod (4B) is clamped;
5) Finally, slightly rotating the bolt rod (4 b) to enable a circular groove (4 e) formed in the upper portion of the bolt rod (4 b) to be matched with the fixed ball (2 c), screwing a nut (5) in the outer side of the bolt hole, and screwing the nut (5) by using a spanner after a certain pretightening force is achieved, so that installation is completed;
2. when disassembled
1) Firstly, unscrewing the nut (5) by using a spanner, and taking down the nut (5);
2) Then using an object with enough diameter to penetrate outside the bolt hole to enable the L-shaped gasket (2) to be opened in the radial direction;
3) Finally, the round head bolt (4) and the table-shaped hoop (3) hooped on the round head bolt are integrally taken out from the bolt hole, and finally, the separation and the disassembly of the two connecting plates (1) are realized, and meanwhile, the recycling of the round head bolt (4) and the table-shaped hoop (3) is realized.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810835296.7A CN108775321B (en) | 2018-07-26 | 2018-07-26 | Guide rail sliding type unilateral bolt fastener and use method thereof |
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| CN201810835296.7A CN108775321B (en) | 2018-07-26 | 2018-07-26 | Guide rail sliding type unilateral bolt fastener and use method thereof |
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| CN108775321B true CN108775321B (en) | 2024-04-05 |
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111853024A (en) * | 2019-04-29 | 2020-10-30 | 宁波欣阳伟业进出口有限公司 | Unilateral bolt |
| CN110671416A (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2020-01-10 | 中国矿业大学 | Unilateral bolt fastening device with openable self-reset gasket |
| CN110953391A (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2020-04-03 | 浙江中宝自控元件有限公司 | Motor fixing structure and electric valve comprising same |
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