CN108773742B - Safety protection method, elevator controller and forced-drive elevator system - Google Patents

Safety protection method, elevator controller and forced-drive elevator system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108773742B
CN108773742B CN201810843267.5A CN201810843267A CN108773742B CN 108773742 B CN108773742 B CN 108773742B CN 201810843267 A CN201810843267 A CN 201810843267A CN 108773742 B CN108773742 B CN 108773742B
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star
sealing
elevator
star sealing
band
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CN108773742A (en
Inventor
关欣
秦显慧
郑磊
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Suzhou Inovance Technology Co Ltd
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Suzhou Inovance Technology Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66BELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B1/00Control systems of elevators in general
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66BELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B5/00Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
    • B66B5/0006Monitoring devices or performance analysers
    • B66B5/0018Devices monitoring the operating condition of the elevator system
    • B66B5/0031Devices monitoring the operating condition of the elevator system for safety reasons

Abstract

The invention provides a safety protection method, an elevator controller and a forced-drive elevator system, wherein the method comprises the following steps: when the forced-drive elevator enters an emergency stop working condition, stopping outputting a driving voltage to a driving motor, outputting a star sealing signal to a star sealing unit, and simultaneously issuing a band-type brake command to a band-type brake control unit; and when the star sealing unit receives a star sealing signal, the star sealing unit is used for shorting the three-phase winding of the driving motor of the forced-drive elevator. According to the invention, the star-sealing signal is immediately output when the forced-drive elevator enters the emergency stop working condition, the contracting brake command is issued, and the electronic star-sealing control is performed in the motor rotation state, so that the problems of overlong sliding distance and the like caused by the stall of the elevator before the contracting brake takes effect are avoided, and timely and reliable safety protection is realized.

Description

Safety protection method, elevator controller and forced-drive elevator system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of elevator control, in particular to a safety protection method, an elevator controller and a forced-drive elevator system.
Background
Currently, most of the vertical elevator systems seen in public places are traction-driven elevators (hereinafter referred to as traction elevators). In a traction elevator, a traction sheave is used as a driving member, and a car and a counterweight are suspended from the traction sheave by a wire rope. The elevator control cabinet drives the host machine to drive the traction sheave, and the traction sheave drives the car to move along the track by means of friction of the rope grooves of the wheels. In the elevator operation process, if a safety loop is disconnected or a driving type fault occurs, the traction elevator can enter an emergency stop state, and the general control time sequence is as follows: the control cabinet stops driving output firstly, then the band-type brake command is issued, the elevator is stopped by the band-type brake, and finally star sealing is carried out (a mechanical star sealing contactor is generally adopted for star sealing operation).
In addition, there is a type of straight elevator system called a forced drive elevator (hereinafter, abbreviated as a forced drive elevator). The main difference between the forced-drive elevator and the traction elevator is that the forced-drive elevator is free of counterweight, i.e. the elevator car is driven by means of wire rope suspension. Compared with a traction elevator, the energy consumption of the forced-drive elevator is larger, the maximum elevator speed is relatively limited, and the forced-drive elevator is less applied to occasions with higher floors.
With the improvement of living standard of people in recent years, a great deal of popularization of villa ladders gives an application space of the forced-drive elevator. The villa ladder floor is low, the ladder speed is low, the heavy driving elevator is saved, the elevator cost is reduced, and space can be vacated for installing a larger elevator car, so that the elevator becomes a focus of attention of each main ladder factory. The existing forced-driving elevator control cabinets are mostly control cabinets for traction elevators or are modified according to the control cabinets of the traction elevators, and the processing logic under the emergency stop working condition is still to stop driving output, then to lower the band-type brake and finally to seal stars.
However, for a forced-drive elevator, because the unilateral driving force is large, under the sudden stop working condition, the elevator car is in a runaway state for hundreds of milliseconds during the period from the output of the stop driving to the actual action of the band-type brake. This short few hundred milliseconds is likely to give the car a longer distance to roll, or to reach a higher landing speed, possibly causing the safety tongs to work, resulting in a trapped person and inconvenience to the rescue.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of long sliding distance and large change of the elevator speed of the forced-drive elevator under the emergency stop working condition, and provides a safety protection method, an elevator controller and a forced-drive elevator system.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is that a safety protection method is provided, which is applied to an elevator controller of a forced-drive elevator and comprises the following steps:
when the forced-drive elevator enters an emergency stop working condition, stopping outputting a driving voltage to a driving motor, outputting a star sealing signal to a star sealing unit, and simultaneously issuing a band-type brake command to a band-type brake control unit;
and when the star sealing unit receives a star sealing signal, the star sealing unit is used for shorting the three-phase winding of the driving motor of the forced-drive elevator.
In the safety protection method of the invention, the star sealing unit is integrated in the inverter unit, and the star sealing signal is output to the control end of the power unit in the inverter unit and enables the three-phase lower bridge arm in the inverter unit to be simultaneously conducted.
In the security protection method of the present invention, the method further includes:
detecting star sealing current in real time;
and stopping outputting a star-sealing control signal to the inverter unit when the star-sealing current exceeds a first preset value in a star-sealing opening state.
In the security protection method of the present invention, the method further includes: and when the star sealing current is smaller than a second preset value, outputting a star sealing control signal to the inverter unit again, wherein the second preset value is smaller than the first preset value.
In the security protection method of the present invention, the method further includes: and detecting star sealing current in real time in a star sealing opening state, and stopping outputting a star sealing control signal to the inverter unit and giving an alarm when the star sealing current exceeds a third preset value.
The invention also provides an elevator controller comprising a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program executable on the processor, the processor implementing the steps of the method as described above when executing the computer program.
The invention also provides a forced drive elevator system comprising the elevator controller.
The invention also provides an elevator controller, which comprises a cabinet body, and a detection circuit, a main controller, a band-type brake control circuit, a star sealing circuit and a driving control circuit which are positioned in the cabinet body; wherein: the detection circuit is connected to the main controller and sends a fault signal to the main controller when a safety loop disconnection or elevator controller fault is detected; the main controller is respectively connected with the driving control circuit, the star sealing circuit and the band-type brake control circuit, stops outputting a driving signal to the driving control circuit when receiving a fault signal of the detection circuit, outputs the star sealing signal and issues a band-type brake command to the band-type brake control circuit.
In the elevator controller, the star sealing circuit is integrated in the inverter unit, and the inverter unit enables the three-phase lower bridge arm to be simultaneously conducted according to the star sealing signal of the main controller to realize star sealing.
In the elevator controller of the present invention, the elevator controller further includes a current detection unit that is connected to an output phase line of the inverter unit and detects an output phase line current of the inverter unit; the main controller is connected to the current detection unit and adjusts the star sealing signal according to the phase line current detected by the current detection unit.
According to the safety protection method, the elevator controller and the forced-drive elevator system, the star-sealing signal is immediately output when the forced-drive elevator enters the emergency stop working condition, and the band-type brake command is issued at the same time, so that the out-of-control before the band-type brake takes effect is avoided, and timely and reliable safety protection is realized. The invention also uses hysteresis control to maintain the star-sealing current within a certain range, thereby ensuring enough torque for balancing the load and protecting the elevator controller from damage caused by overlarge current.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a first embodiment of the security protection method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a second embodiment of the security protection method of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an elevator controller of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of an elevator controller of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of the safety protection method of the present invention, where the safety protection method can be applied to an elevator controller (e.g., a frequency converter) of a forced-drive elevator to implement safety protection of the forced-drive elevator under a sudden stop condition. The security protection method of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
step S11: when the forced-drive elevator enters the emergency stop working condition, the drive motor stops outputting the drive voltage, the star sealing unit outputs the star sealing signal, and the band-type brake control unit issues the band-type brake command.
Specifically, the forced-driving elevator can enter a sudden stop working condition when any safety switch in the safety loop is disconnected, and also can enter the sudden stop working condition when the driving is failed, namely, once the elevator controller of the forced-driving elevator is abnormal in any safety switch or has a driving failure, the driving voltage of the driving motor is immediately turned off, a star sealing signal is sent to the star sealing unit, and meanwhile, a band-type brake command is sent to the band-type brake control unit.
Step S12: when the star sealing unit receives the star sealing signal, the star sealing unit short-circuits the three-phase winding of the driving motor of the forced-drive elevator. The star sealing operation enables the three-phase windings of the driving motor to generate a resistance moment, the rotating speed of the driving motor is reduced until the elevator car slowly slides, finally the brake is completed, the motor is locked, and the elevator car is stopped.
According to the safety protection method, the rotation speed of the driving motor can be reduced through star sealing control within hundreds of milliseconds from the sending of the band-type brake instruction (namely, the emergency stop working condition of the forced-drive elevator) to the real action of the band-type brake, so that the elevator car slowly slides, and the safety of the forced-drive elevator in the emergency stop working condition is greatly improved.
In order to improve the response speed of star sealing control, the safety protection method adopts an electronic star sealing unit, namely an inverter unit integrated in an elevator controller, and a star sealing signal is output to a control end of a power unit in the inverter unit. Correspondingly, the star sealing signal in the step S11 is a high-low level signal, and electronic star sealing is realized by conducting the three-phase lower bridge arm in the inverter unit. Of course, in practical application, the traditional mechanical star sealing contactor can be adopted for star sealing, but the star sealing contactor has current sound in a star sealing state, and can not perform hysteresis control treatment like electronic star sealing for the problem of large current caused by star sealing in motor rotation.
As shown in fig. 2, a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the security protection method of the present invention, the method specifically includes the following steps:
step S20: it is detected in real time whether the safety circuit is open or a drive-like fault has occurred, and step S21 is performed when the safety circuit is open (i.e., any safety switch is open) or a drive-like fault has occurred.
Step S21: the elevator controller of the forced-drive elevator enters an elevator emergency stop working condition, and at the moment, the elevator controller cannot ensure the safe and stable operation of the forced-drive elevator system, so that the output of the driving voltage to the driving motor is immediately stopped.
Step S22: opening the sealing star (namely outputting a star sealing signal to the star sealing unit) and simultaneously issuing a band-type brake command to the band-type brake control unit. In the step, electronic star sealing is adopted preferentially, and the band-type brake has action delay of hundreds of milliseconds, so that the electronic star sealing is mainly relied on for decelerating and sliding in the period of time.
Step S23: and detecting the star sealing current in real time. Because the motor still operates at a high speed at this time, a large star-sealing current is generated, and therefore the star-sealing current needs to be stabilized within a certain range as much as possible through the star-sealing current hysteresis control of the carrier frequency level.
Step S24: and judging whether an overcurrent fault (for example, judging whether the star sealing current exceeds 2.5 times of the rated current of a motor controller) occurs at present according to the star sealing current obtained by detection in the step S23, wherein the overcurrent fault in the star sealing process defaults to have a ground short circuit, and the star sealing is continued at the moment to have an organic risk. Therefore, when it is confirmed that the overcurrent fault has occurred, step S25 is directly performed, otherwise step S26 is performed.
Step S25: stop sealing the star (e.g., stop sending the star seal signal to the inverter unit) and report a fault waiting for maintenance.
Step S26: judging whether the star-sealing current exceeds a first preset value, if so, executing the step S27, otherwise, executing the step S28.
The first preset value can be set according to specific parameters of the forced-drive elevator, and can be generally set to be 1.5-1.6 times of rated current of the elevator controller, namely, the elevator controller can bear the current within the range.
Step S27: closing the star seal, for example, stopping outputting the star seal signal to the inverter unit, so that the power unit of the three-phase lower bridge arm in the inverter unit is disconnected, and returning to step S23 to continue detecting the star seal current.
Step S28: judging whether the star sealing current is smaller than a second preset value, if yes, executing step S29, otherwise executing step S23, if yes, keeping the original star sealing state unchanged, continuously detecting the star sealing current, namely keeping the star sealing closed in the star sealing closed state, and keeping the star sealing open in the star sealing open state.
The second preset value can be set according to specific parameters of the forced-drive elevator, and can be generally set to be 1.4-1.5 times of rated current of an elevator controller.
Step S29: the star is opened, for example, the star signal is output again to the inverter unit.
As can be seen from the above steps S21 to S29, the safety protection method of the present embodiment adjusts the sequence of the star sealing and the band-type brake in the protection time sequence, and when the star sealing is opened, the driving motor operates at high speed and the star sealing current is large due to large stress on one side, so that the motor controller needs to be protected by matching with the star sealing current hysteresis control (the mechanical star sealing cannot perform the hysteresis control on the star sealing current even if the mechanical star sealing moves in advance). Under the condition that no overcurrent fault occurs, the star sealing state is not changed when the star sealing current is between a second preset value and a first preset value; closing the star seal when the star seal current is larger than a first preset value; and when the star sealing current is smaller than a second preset value, the star sealing is ensured to be opened.
As shown in fig. 3, is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the elevator controller of the invention, which elevator controller 3 can be used to implement forced elevator operation control. The elevator controller 3 in this embodiment may include a cabinet body, and a detection circuit 31, a main controller 32, a band-type brake control circuit 33, a star-sealing circuit 35, and a driving control circuit 34 in the cabinet body, where the detection circuit 31, the band-type brake control circuit 33, the star-sealing circuit 35, and the driving control circuit 34 are connected to the main controller 32, respectively. In specific implementations, the detection circuit 31, the main controller 32, the band-type brake control circuit 33, the star seal circuit 35, and the drive control circuit 34 may be integrated into the same printed circuit board or multiple printed circuit boards.
The detection circuit 31 may specifically include a safety circuit detection portion for detecting whether a safety switch in each safety component of the forced-drive elevator system in the hoistway is closed or not, and a drive failure detection portion; the drive failure detection section is used to detect whether the elevator controller is operating properly (e.g., to detect whether the current, voltage, etc. across the elevator controller exceeds a corresponding threshold, etc.). Whether the safety circuit is suddenly opened or the elevator controller suddenly fails, the forced drive elevator system runs with a great risk even for a short time, at which time the elevator controller may require an elevator scram, i.e. the detection circuit 31 generates a fault signal and sends it to the main controller 32 when it detects that the safety circuit is opened (i.e. either safety switch is opened) or the elevator controller fails.
The main controller 32 may be implemented in combination with software running on an integrated circuit chip that, upon receiving a fault signal from the detection circuit 31, causes a sudden stop condition to be entered into the forced-drive elevator system. Under the emergency stop condition, the main controller 32 stops outputting the driving voltage to the driving motor first, and seals the star in advance (outputs a star sealing signal to the star sealing circuit 35 and simultaneously sends a brake command to the lower part of the brake control circuit 33), namely, under the condition that the driving motor is not stationary, the star sealing is performed first, and the ladder speed is reduced to slowly slide down. Finally, the band-type brake control circuit 33 controls the band-type brake contactor to take effect, the driving motor is locked, and the elevator car stops.
In order to increase the response speed and control the star sealing current, the star sealing circuit 35 may use electronic star sealing, that is, the star sealing circuit is integrated in the inverter unit, specifically, the main controller 32 outputs to the inverter unit a signal for enabling the three-phase lower bridge arm of the inverter unit to simultaneously conduct the level so as to short the windings of the driving motor, and the inverter unit realizes star sealing. Of course, in practical application, the star sealing contactor can be also used for shorting the driving motor winding, but the response speed is slow, the star sealing process is uncontrollable, and the safety improvement is limited.
In order to avoid damage to the elevator controller 3 due to excessive star sealing current generated in the star sealing process, a current detection circuit connected to the main controller 32 can be added to the elevator controller 3, and the current detection circuit can detect current when the star is sealed and opened, so that the main controller 32 can further calculate and obtain the star sealing current according to the detected current, and the star sealing current is maintained within a certain range by adopting hysteresis control according to the calculated star sealing current, thereby ensuring enough torque for balancing the load and protecting the elevator controller from damage.
Specifically, the main controller 32 turns off the seal star when the seal star current exceeds a first preset value, opens the seal star when the seal star current is less than a second threshold, and does not change the seal star state when the seal star current is between the second preset value and the first preset value. And, when the star-sealing current exceeds the third threshold, the main controller 32 directly closes the star-sealing and reports errors.
The first preset value, the second preset value and the third preset value can be set according to related parameters of the forced drive elevator control cabinet, specifically, the first preset value can be 1.5-1.6 times of rated current of the elevator controller 3, the second preset value can be 1.4-1.5 times of rated current of the elevator controller 3, and the third preset value can be 2.5 times of rated current of the elevator controller 3.
As shown in fig. 4, the present invention further provides an elevator controller, which includes a memory 41 and a processor 42, wherein a computer program capable of running on the processor 42 is stored in the memory 41, and the processor 42 implements the steps of the method shown in fig. 1 and 2 when executing the computer program.
The invention also provides a forced drive elevator system comprising the elevator controller.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily understood by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (9)

1. The safety protection method is applied to an elevator controller of a forced-drive elevator and is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
when the forced-drive elevator enters an emergency stop working condition, stopping outputting a driving voltage to a driving motor, outputting a star sealing signal to a star sealing unit, and simultaneously issuing a band-type brake command to a band-type brake control unit;
when the star sealing unit receives a star sealing signal, shorting the three-phase windings of the driving motor of the forced-drive elevator, and reducing the rotating speed of the driving motor through star sealing before sending out a band-type brake command to the band-type brake to actually act;
the method further comprises the steps of:
detecting star sealing current in real time;
when the star sealing current exceeds a first preset value in a star sealing opening state, stopping outputting a star sealing control signal to the star sealing unit;
and when the star sealing current is smaller than a second preset value in a star sealing closing state, outputting a star sealing control signal to the star sealing unit again, wherein the second preset value is smaller than the first preset value.
2. The safety protection method according to claim 1, wherein the star seal unit is integrated in an inverter unit, and the star seal signal is output to a control terminal of a power unit in the inverter unit and causes three-phase lower bridge arms in the inverter unit to be simultaneously turned on.
3. The method of claim 2, further comprising: detecting star sealing current in real time in a star sealing opening state, and when the star sealing current exceeds a third preset value, confirming that an overcurrent fault occurs, stopping outputting a star sealing control signal to the inverter unit and giving an alarm.
4. An elevator controller comprising a memory and a processor, the memory having stored therein a computer program executable on the processor, characterized in that the processor, when executing the computer program, implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
5. A forced drive elevator system comprising the elevator controller of claim 4.
6. The elevator controller is characterized by comprising a cabinet body, a detection circuit, a main controller, a band-type brake control circuit, a star sealing circuit and a driving control circuit, wherein the detection circuit, the main controller, the band-type brake control circuit, the star sealing circuit and the driving control circuit are arranged in the cabinet body; wherein: the detection circuit is connected to the main controller and sends a fault signal to the main controller when a safety loop disconnection or elevator controller fault is detected; the main controller is respectively connected with the driving control circuit, the star sealing circuit and the band-type brake control circuit, stops outputting a driving signal to the driving control circuit when receiving a fault signal of the detection circuit, outputs a star sealing signal, issues a band-type brake command to the band-type brake control circuit, and reduces the rotating speed of the driving motor by star sealing before issuing the band-type brake command to the band-type brake to actually act;
when the star sealing current exceeds a first preset value in a star sealing opening state, the main controller stops outputting a star sealing control signal to the star sealing circuit; and when the star sealing current is smaller than a second preset value, the main controller outputs a star sealing control signal to the star sealing circuit again, wherein the second preset value is smaller than the first preset value.
7. The elevator controller of claim 6, wherein the star seal circuit is integrated in an inverter unit, and the inverter unit enables the three-phase lower bridge arms to be simultaneously conducted according to a star seal signal of the main controller to realize star seal.
8. The elevator controller according to claim 7, wherein the main controller detects a star-sealing current in real time in a star-sealing on state, and confirms that an overcurrent fault has occurred when the star-sealing current exceeds a third preset value, stops outputting a star-sealing control signal to the inverter unit, and gives an alarm.
9. The elevator controller according to claim 7, further comprising a current detection unit connected to the output phase line of the inverter unit and detecting the inverter unit output phase line current; the main controller is connected to the current detection unit and adjusts the star sealing signal according to the phase line current detected by the current detection unit.
CN201810843267.5A 2018-07-27 2018-07-27 Safety protection method, elevator controller and forced-drive elevator system Active CN108773742B (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112299185B (en) * 2020-10-29 2022-08-09 深圳市海浦蒙特科技有限公司 Elevator emergency operation method, elevator system and storage medium
CN115490103B (en) * 2022-10-25 2023-11-28 菱王电梯有限公司 Star sealing control method and device

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KR19980073033A (en) * 1997-03-11 1998-11-05 이종수 Elevator speed control method and device
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CN202369220U (en) * 2011-09-30 2012-08-08 快意电梯有限公司 Redundant braking protection device for high-speed elevator
CN104909236A (en) * 2015-05-23 2015-09-16 袁传森 Portable uplink overspeed protection tester for permanent magnet synchronous tractor elevator
CN105762766A (en) * 2016-04-01 2016-07-13 苏州汇川技术有限公司 Synchronous motor star sealing control system and method
CN205590128U (en) * 2016-03-30 2016-09-21 西继迅达(许昌)电梯有限公司 Safety elevator with seal star return circuit
CN209038785U (en) * 2018-07-27 2019-06-28 苏州汇川技术有限公司 Electric life controller and elevator device is driven by force

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH07257849A (en) * 1994-03-18 1995-10-09 Hitachi Ltd Emergency stop and restart method for elevator
KR19980030104A (en) * 1996-10-29 1998-07-25 이종수 Operation control device of multi inverter elevator
KR19980073033A (en) * 1997-03-11 1998-11-05 이종수 Elevator speed control method and device
WO2009036692A1 (en) * 2007-09-14 2009-03-26 Fangui Meng An unloading alternate current permanent-magnet synchronous dragging machine
CN102398813A (en) * 2011-09-30 2012-04-04 快意电梯有限公司 High-speed elevator redundancy braking protection device and method
CN202369220U (en) * 2011-09-30 2012-08-08 快意电梯有限公司 Redundant braking protection device for high-speed elevator
CN104909236A (en) * 2015-05-23 2015-09-16 袁传森 Portable uplink overspeed protection tester for permanent magnet synchronous tractor elevator
CN205590128U (en) * 2016-03-30 2016-09-21 西继迅达(许昌)电梯有限公司 Safety elevator with seal star return circuit
CN105762766A (en) * 2016-04-01 2016-07-13 苏州汇川技术有限公司 Synchronous motor star sealing control system and method
CN209038785U (en) * 2018-07-27 2019-06-28 苏州汇川技术有限公司 Electric life controller and elevator device is driven by force

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