CN108767347B - Efficient container formation method for 20Ah lead-acid storage battery - Google Patents
Efficient container formation method for 20Ah lead-acid storage battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN108767347B CN108767347B CN201810511271.1A CN201810511271A CN108767347B CN 108767347 B CN108767347 B CN 108767347B CN 201810511271 A CN201810511271 A CN 201810511271A CN 108767347 B CN108767347 B CN 108767347B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
- H01M10/446—Initial charging measures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/06—Lead-acid accumulators
- H01M10/12—Construction or manufacture
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of battery preparation, and discloses a high-efficiency container formation method for a 20Ah lead-acid storage battery, which comprises the following steps: 1) adding acid into a 20Ah lead-acid storage battery and then standing for 1-1.5 h; 2) charging for 1-2h with the current of 1A; 3) charging for 1.5-2h with current of 2A; 4) charging for 3-3.5h with the current of 3A; 5) charging for 7-7.5h with 5A current; 6) charging for 6-6.5h by using current of 2.5A; 7) discharging at 3A for 1-2 h; 8) charging for 2h at a current of 3.7A; 9) charging and/or discharging for 0.25-4h at 0-10A for several times. The invention adjusts the charging and discharging time, sequence and current magnitude in the initial formation stage of the battery, controls the formation time within 2 days, and has good formation effect and low cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of battery preparation, in particular to a high-efficiency container formation method for a 20Ah lead-acid storage battery.
Background
Electric bicycles have been very popular in recent years, the main power source of the electric bicycles is a lead-acid storage battery, and the lead-acid storage battery mainly has two formation modes: one is battery external formation, which is to form and assemble polar plates into a battery and then perform complementary charging, and the other is battery internal formation, which is to directly assemble green polar plates into a battery finished product and then perform formation; and the external formation process has certain advantages because the external formation process has more acid liquor, sewage and dust discharged by the internal formation process and seriously pollutes the environment.
The Chinese patent with the application number of 201410541611.7 discloses a multi-stage charging and discharging container formation process for a lead-acid storage battery, which adopts multi-stage charging and discharging, not only can shorten the formation charging time of the battery and reduce the consumption of a single polar plate on electric quantity, but also can reduce the energy consumption and the production cost of the product. However, the process needs 3 days, has long time, high energy consumption and slightly poor formation effect.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a high-efficiency container formation method for a 20Ah lead-acid storage battery, which has the advantages of good container formation effect of the 20Ah lead-acid storage battery, short required formation time and low cost by adjusting the charging and discharging time, sequence and current magnitude in the initial container formation stage of the battery, and is suitable for actual industrial production.
The specific technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the method comprises the following steps:
1) adding acid into a 20Ah lead-acid storage battery and then standing for 1-1.5 h;
2) the battery is charged for 1-2h at a constant current of 1A;
3) the battery is charged for 1.5-2h at a constant current of 2A;
4) charging the battery for 3-3.5h at a constant current of 3A;
5) the battery is charged for 7-7.5h at a constant current of 5A;
6) the battery is charged for 6-6.5h with a current of 2.5A at a constant current;
7) the battery discharges for 1-2h at a constant current of 3A;
8) the battery is charged for 2h at a constant current of 3.7A;
9) the battery is respectively charged and/or discharged for several times at constant current of 0-10A, and each charging and/or discharging time is 0.25-4 h.
The injected electrolyte is the density of the electrolyte when the battery is normally used, the electrolyte does not need to be replaced, but the density of the electrolyte is high, the formation difficulty is high, and more time and electric quantity are needed; when the formation begins, the active substance in the polar plate takes lead sulfate as a majority, the lead sulfate is a poor conductor, the contact resistance with the grid is large, and the positive electrode of the formation product is PbO2The negative electrode is Pb, and the conductivity of the positive plate is poor in the previous period; the charging current is small in the early stage of formation, after short-time small-current charging, the charging acceptance of the polar plate is strong, the charging current can be increased, and the heat generated by the battery is small; in the middle stage of formation, the charge acceptance of the battery is reduced, the terminal voltage of the battery is gradually increased, the charging side reaction is increased, the temperature rise is increased, the charging efficiency is reduced, and moderate current density charging is adopted; in the later period of formation, the current acceptance capability is poor, and the current density requirement is smaller. It has been found that the addition of discharge during charging can improve the charge acceptance, improve the charging efficiency, reduce the charging time, and reduce the charging amount.
However, the factors such as the selection of the current, the charging and discharging sequence, the charging and discharging duration and the like have no unified rule on the battery formation time and the battery performance, and the factors interfere with each other, aiming at the 20Ah lead-acid storage battery, the charging and discharging time, the sequence and the current of the battery formation initial stage are adjusted through a large number of attempts according to years of experience, the formation time is controlled within 2 days, the formation effect is good, the cost is low, and the obtained battery has good performance.
Preferably, the density of the electrolyte added into the lead-acid storage battery in the step 1) is 1.250g/cm3。
Preferably, the acid content of the unit cell in the lead-acid storage battery in the step 1) is 214 ml/unit cell.
Preferably, the battery in the steps 2) to 9) is in a water bath environment, the water bath temperature is 30-40 ℃, and the internal temperature of the battery is less than or equal to 55 ℃.
The formation temperature is high, the formation efficiency is high, but decomposition and corrosion are easy to occur, and the formation temperature is low, the efficiency is low, but the performance of the battery is not influenced, so that the water bath temperature is kept between 30 and 40 ℃, the formation efficiency is moderate, the internal temperature of the battery is less than or equal to 55 ℃, and the battery is prevented from being damaged.
Preferably, the error of the charge and discharge current in the steps 2) to 9) is within ± 0.01A.
The magnitude of the current greatly affects the formation effect, and therefore the error must be kept within ± 0.01A.
Preferably, the liquid level of the unit lattice acid in the liquid-enriched kettle of the battery in the steps 2) to 9) is consistent.
The acid shortage phenomenon can not occur in the battery formation process, so the single lattice acid amount liquid level in the liquid-enriched kettle of the battery is consistent.
Preferably, the number of charging and/or discharging in step 9) is 22.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: aiming at the 20Ah lead-acid storage battery, the charging and discharging time, sequence and current magnitude at the initial formation stage of the battery are adjusted through a large number of attempts according to years of experience, the formation time is controlled within 2 days, the formation effect is good, the cost is low, and the performance of the obtained battery is good.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
Example 1
The density of the electrolyte added before the formation and charging of the battery is controlled to be 1.250g/cm3The battery formation charging process is in a water bath environment, the water bath temperature is 30 ℃, and the internal temperature of the battery is controlled to be less than or equal to 55 DEGThe temperature is controlled to be +/-0.01A.
1) Adding acid into a 20Ah lead-acid storage battery and then standing for 1 h;
2) the battery is charged for 2h at a constant current of 1A;
3) the battery is charged for 2h at a constant current of 2A;
4) the battery is charged for 3.5h at a constant current of 3A;
5) the battery is charged for 7.5h at a constant current of 5A;
6) the battery is charged for 6.5h at a constant current of 2.5A;
7) the battery is discharged for 2h at a constant current of 3A;
8) the battery is charged for 2h at a constant current of 3.7A;
9) the battery was charged and discharged at the currents and charging and discharging times shown in table 1 until the end.
TABLE 1 step 9)
| Phases | current/A | Time/h |
| 1 | -3 | 1 |
| 2 | 3.7 | 2 |
| 3 | -3 | 1 |
| 4 | 3.7 | 2 |
| 5 | 2.5 | 2 |
| 6 | -5 | 3 |
| 7 | 5 | 4 |
| 8 | -5 | 0.25 |
| 9 | 3.5 | 4 |
| 10 | 2.5 | 2 |
| 11 | -10 | 0.25 |
| 12 | 5 | 4 |
| 13 | -5 | 0.25 |
| 14 | 3.5 | 4 |
| 15 | -5 | 0.25 |
| 16 | 2.5 | 4 |
| 17 | 2 | 2 |
| 18 | 0 | 1 |
| 19 | 0.4 | 4 |
| 20 | 2 | 0.25 |
| 21 | 0 | 0.3 |
| 22 | -2 | 0.3 |
Example 2
The removal formation steps 1) to 8) are:
1) adding acid into a 20Ah lead-acid storage battery and then standing for 1 h;
2) the battery is charged for 1h at a constant current of 1A;
3) the battery is charged for 2h at a constant current of 2A;
4) the battery is charged for 3h at a constant current of 3A;
5) the battery is charged for 7h at a constant current of 5A;
6) the battery is charged for 6h at a constant current of 2.5A;
7) the battery discharges for 1h at a constant current of 3A;
8) the battery is charged for 2h at a constant current of 3.7A;
the rest of the process was completely identical to example 1.
Example 3
The removal formation steps 1) to 8) are:
1) adding acid into a 20Ah lead-acid storage battery and then standing for 1.5 h;
2) the battery is charged for 1.5h at a constant current of 1A;
3) the battery is charged for 1.5h at a constant current of 2A;
4) the battery is charged for 3.5h at a constant current of 3A;
5) the battery is charged for 7h at a constant current of 5A;
6) the battery is charged for 6.5h at a constant current of 2.5A;
7) the battery is discharged for 2h at a constant current of 3A;
8) the battery is charged for 2h at a constant current of 3.7A;
the rest of the process was completely identical to example 1.
Comparative example 1
The removal formation steps 1) to 8) are:
1) adding acid into a 20Ah lead-acid storage battery and then standing for 2 h;
2) the battery is charged for 15.5h at a constant current of 3A;
3) the battery discharges for 1.5h at a constant current of 2.4A;
4) the battery is charged for 4h at a constant current of 3A;
5) the battery discharges for 2h at a constant current of 2.4A;
6) the battery is charged for 10.5h at a constant current of 3A;
7) the battery discharges for 3.5h at a constant current of 2.4A;
8) the battery is charged for 12h at a constant current of 3A;
the rest of the process was completely identical to example 1.
The performance of the batteries manufactured by the formation in examples 1 to 3 and the battery manufactured by the formation in comparative example 1 were measured, and the results are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 Performance of the batteries prepared in examples 1-3 and comparative example 1
| Test items | Comparative example 1 | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 |
| Cycle life | 230 times of | 250 times (twice) | 230 times of | 270 times (twice) |
| Discharge at-15 deg.C | 70min | 70min | 75min | 78min |
| 3.6I2Discharge of electricity | 21min | 22min | 20min | 22min |
Compared with the comparative example 1, the process time of the examples 1 to 3 is greatly shortened, the formation stages of the examples 1 to 3 in the middle period of the table 1 are finished, the total formation time is within 2 days, but the performance of the obtained battery is not reduced but is increased to a certain extent, which shows that the internal formation method provided by the invention has the advantages of short formation time, good formation effect, low cost and the like.
The raw materials and equipment used in the invention are common raw materials and equipment in the field if not specified; the methods used in the present invention are conventional in the art unless otherwise specified.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and all simple modifications, alterations and equivalents of the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. An efficient internal formation method for a 20Ah lead-acid storage battery is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) adding acid into a 20Ah lead-acid storage battery and then standing for 1-1.5 h;
2) the battery is charged for 1-2h at a constant current of 1A;
3) the battery is charged for 1.5-2h at a constant current of 2A;
4) charging the battery for 3-3.5h at a constant current of 3A;
5) the battery is charged for 7-7.5h at a constant current of 5A;
6) the battery is charged for 6-6.5h with a current of 2.5A at a constant current;
7) the battery discharges for 1-2h at a constant current of 3A;
8) the battery is charged for 2h at a constant current of 3.7A;
9) the battery is respectively charged and/or discharged for 22 times at constant current of 0-10A, and each charging and/or discharging time is 0.25-4 h.
2. The high-efficiency internal formation method for the 20Ah lead-acid storage battery according to claim 1, wherein the density of the electrolyte added into the lead-acid storage battery in the step 1) is 1.250g/cm3。
3. The high-efficiency internal formation method for the 20Ah lead-acid storage battery according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the acid content of a unit cell in the lead-acid storage battery in the step 1) is 214 ml/unit cell.
4. The high-efficiency internal formation method for the 20Ah lead-acid storage battery according to claim 1, wherein the battery in the steps 2) -9) is in a water bath environment, the water bath temperature is 30-40 ℃, and the internal temperature of the battery is less than or equal to 55 ℃.
5. The high-efficiency internal formation method for the 20Ah lead-acid storage battery according to claim 1, wherein the error of the charging and discharging current in the steps 2) -9) is within +/-0.01A.
6. The high-efficiency internal formation method for the 20Ah lead-acid storage battery according to claim 1, wherein the liquid level of the unit lattice acid in the liquid-rich pot of the battery in the steps 2) -9) is consistent.
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| CN110911727B (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2022-09-16 | 天能电池(芜湖)有限公司 | Low-energy-consumption charging process for storage battery |
| CN112803082A (en) * | 2021-01-13 | 2021-05-14 | 安徽力普拉斯电源技术有限公司 | Efficient energy-saving container formation charging method for power battery |
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| CN101510627B (en) * | 2009-03-31 | 2011-02-16 | 赵恒祥 | Charging/discharging method for accumulator formation, formation method and device |
| CN102437380B (en) * | 2011-12-06 | 2013-09-18 | 河南超威电源有限公司 | Method for internal chemical reaction in battery via charging five times and discharging four times |
| CN103943893B (en) * | 2014-03-25 | 2016-02-03 | 超威电源有限公司 | A kind of container formation process for lead acid storage battery |
| CN104377387B (en) * | 2014-10-15 | 2016-10-05 | 超威电源有限公司 | A kind of lead-acid accumulator multistage discharge and recharge internal formation process |
| CN104577217B (en) * | 2014-12-03 | 2017-01-11 | 超威电源有限公司 | Internal formation process of lead-acid storage battery for energy storage |
| CN107204490B (en) * | 2017-04-17 | 2019-04-26 | 超威电源有限公司 | A kind of power type lead storage battery magnetic force formation method |
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