CN1087671C - Pulse argon arc welding process for zirconium 4 alloy thin-wall guide pipe component - Google Patents
Pulse argon arc welding process for zirconium 4 alloy thin-wall guide pipe component Download PDFInfo
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- CN1087671C CN1087671C CN98100129A CN98100129A CN1087671C CN 1087671 C CN1087671 C CN 1087671C CN 98100129 A CN98100129 A CN 98100129A CN 98100129 A CN98100129 A CN 98100129A CN 1087671 C CN1087671 C CN 1087671C
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 174
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 136
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 14
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- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004070 electrodeposition Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 3
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- Butt Welding And Welding Of Specific Article (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a pulse argon arc welding process for a zirconium 4 alloy thin-wall guide pipe component, which comprises the steps of cleaning a welding part, assembling a welding seam, protecting the welding seam by argon gas, performing pulse argon arc welding and the like. The method is mainly and technically characterized in that a welding element is placed in an argon environment with the concentration of 99.95% -99.99%, the welding voltage is 8-9V, the current frequency is 24-28 Hz, the peak current of welding a guide pipe and an end plug is 55-60A, the base current is 20-22A, the peak current of welding a guide pipe and a sleeve is 45-50A, the base current is 17-19A, the pulse duty ratio is 1: 1, the welding time is 7-9 seconds, and the welding speed is 6.5 mm/s. The process solves the problems of weld surface forming and weld penetration, completely meets the technical requirements of large nuclear power elements, has low cost, and is suitable for butt girth welding of zirconium 4 alloy thin-walled tubes.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of welding procedure of nuclear power station reactor control stick guide pipe, specifically is a kind of zirconium 4 pulse argon-are welding technology for zirconium 4 alloy thin-wall guiding pipe assembly.
Background technology
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of weldquality height, zirconium 4 pulse argon-are welding technology for zirconium 4 alloy thin-wall guiding pipe assembly that welding cost is low.
The present invention is achieved in that a kind of zirconium 4 pulse argon-are welding technology for zirconium 4 alloy thin-wall guiding pipe assembly, and it comprises the steps:
(1) cleaning zirconium 4 zirconium 4 alloy thin-wall guiding pipes, end plug and sleeve pipe;
(2) will clean good zirconium 4 zirconium 4 alloy thin-wall guiding pipes, end plug and sleeve pipe and on corking machine, carry out the assembling of upper and lower end weld seam respectively;
(3) the zirconium 4 zirconium 4 alloy thin-wall guiding pipe assembly weld seams that assemble are placed in the welding cell that is connected with the permanent current argon;
(4) in the welding cell, protect welding zone that zirconium 4 zirconium 4 alloy thin-wall guiding pipe assemblies are carried out pulsed argon arc welding by the welding argon of welding gun nozzle ejection;
Wherein, in step (1), the guide pipe mouth of pipe dips in acetone with silk and cleans, and end plug and sleeve pipe adopt ultrasonic wave to clean; In step (2), control tamponade power is 2300～2350N, makes welding line joint gap≤0.1mm; In step (3), the permanent current argon flow that is fed in the welding cell by welding cell bottom aperture is 5～7L/min, purity of argon be 99.95%～99.99%, logical argon gas when argon is welded in the ejection of welding gun nozzle till; In step (4), chewing diameter in the welding gun nozzle that adopts is 9mm, chewing diameter outward is 18mm, welding argon flow by the ejection of welding gun nozzle is 23～26L/min, purity of argon is 99.95%～99.99%, the welding argon time that feeds is being played forearc 3 seconds to the blow-out 20 seconds, select tungsten electrode diameter phi=2.0mm for use, its tapering is 30 ° ± 1 °, and die opening is 0.4～0.8mm, inclined to one side end plug in tungsten electrode position or sleeve pipe 0.05mm, the weldingvoltage that uses is 8～9V, the welding current frequency is 24～28Hz, is 55～60A to guide pipe and end plug welding peak point current, and background current is 20～22A, to guide pipe and sleeve pipe welding peak point current is 45～50A, background current is 17～19A, and pulse duty factor is 1: 1, weld interval t
2=7～9 seconds, welding t die-away time
3=3 seconds, at t weld interval
2In, completely be worth t weld interval
1=3～4 seconds, t weld interval slowly decayed
2-t
1=4～5 seconds, decay current was Δ I=3～5A, and speed of welding is 6.5mm/s.
The present invention is according to the characteristics of zirconium 4 zirconium 4 alloy thin-wall guiding pipe assemblies; set about from the input of welding heat energy; at first solve thin-wall pipes butt joint ring welding line and be difficult to fusion formation weld seam problem mutually; utilize pulsed argon arc welding then; the paired pulses frequency; peak point current; background current and dutycycle and weld interval etc., parameter was optimized collocation; face of weld moulding and weld penetration problem have been solved; at last from purity of argon; aspects such as argon shield mode have solved zirconium 4 alloys welding problem of oxidation; experimental study is succeedd; face of weld quality and inherent quality not only satisfy the requirement of large nuclear-power Element Technology fully, and the product percent of pass index also exceeds 4% than predicted value.Remarkable advantage of the present invention is the weldquality height, and welding cost is low, for China's zirconium 4 alloy thin-wall tubing butt joint boxing provides a kind of new process.
Description of drawings
Now in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments the present invention is done specific descriptions:
Fig. 1 is zirconium 4 zirconium 4 alloy thin-wall guiding pipe assembly appearance and size schematic diagrames;
Fig. 2 is the welding current curve synoptic diagram;
Fig. 3 is a welding gun nozzle structural representation;
Fig. 4 is for preventing air-flow reflection unit schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is the reflector net vertical view.
The specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, zirconium 4 zirconium 4 alloy thin-wall guiding pipe assemblies that the present invention relates to comprise guide pipe 1, sleeve pipe 2 and end plug 3, guide pipe 1 wall thickness 0.35～0.45mm, its two ends internal diameter is respectively φ 11.20mm and φ 14.02mm, boxing is docked with sleeve pipe 2 and end plug 3 respectively in the two ends of guide pipe 1, form the guide pipe parts, its total length is 3899.9mm.
(1) guide pipe, end plug and sleeve pipe are carried out strict cleaning, the guide pipe mouth of pipe dips in acetone with silk and cleans, and end plug and sleeve pipe adopt ultrasonic wave to clean:
(2) will clean good guide pipe, end plug and sleeve pipe and carry out the assembling of upper and lower end weld seam respectively on corking machine, control tamponade power is 2300～2350N, makes welding line joint gap≤0.1mm;
(3) with the guide pipe parts welding seam part position that assembles in the welding cell that is connected with the permanent current argon, the permanent current argon flow that is fed cell by cell bottom aperture is 5～7L/min, purity of argon is 99.95%～99.99%, logical argon gas when argon is welded in the ejection of welding gun nozzle till;
(4) in the welding cell, the guide pipe parts are carried out pulsed argon arc welding by welding gun nozzle ejection welding argon protection welding zone.Here chewing diameter in the welding gun nozzle of Cai Yonging is 9mm, and chewing diameter outward is 18mm.The welding argon flow of welding gun nozzle ejection is 23～26L/min, and purity of argon still is 99.95%～99.99%, and the welding argon time that feeds is being played forearc 3 seconds to the blow-out 20 seconds, and the welding argon is that interlocking is controlled with the permanent current argon feeding time.Tungsten electrode diameter phi=2.0mm is selected in pulsed argon arc welding for use, its tapering is 30 ° ± 1 °, die opening is 0.4～0.8mm, inclined to one side end plug in tungsten electrode position or sleeve pipe 0.05mm, weldingvoltage is 8～9V, the welding current frequency is 24～28Hz, to guide pipe and end plug welding peak point current is 55～60A, background current is 20～22A, to guide pipe and sleeve pipe welding peak point current is 45～50A, background current is 17～19A, and guide pipe two ends welding peak point current/background current is 2.5～3.1, and pulse duty factor is 1: 1.Welding current control breaks through conventional control method.As shown in Figure 2, weld interval t
2=7～9 seconds, wherein completely be worth t weld interval
1=3～4 seconds, t weld interval slowly decayed
2-t
1=4～5 seconds, decay current Δ I=3～5A; Welding t die-away time
3=3 seconds.Speed of welding is 6.5mm/s, and rotating speed is 9～10r/min when being equivalent to guide pipe and end plug welding, and rotating speed is 7.5～8.5r/min during to guide pipe and sleeve pipe welding.
Experimental study shows that weld seam does not fuse and shows that mainly light-wall pipe one end in the fusing after-contraction, forms flange, makes it to form weld seam.Its reason is due to the bad and joint of the weldment joint cleannes assembling defective tightness.As excesssive gap, the Metal Contact that the welding of little energy input can make the weld seam both sides be melted does not on a small quantity go up, and can not melt mutually.In addition, in the welding current uphill process, weldment is also rotating, and but rotates because of weldment when electric current is raised to a certain value and can just melts weld seam wedge angle position and shrinks again after making the weld seam cooling cause the minute quantity metal molten, and the play movement is strengthened, and more is difficult to form weld seam.Therefore before carrying out pulsed argon arc welding, at first to carry out the strictness cleaning to the guide pipe parts, guide pipe parts after the cleaning carry out the weld seam assembling on corking machine, make the welding line joint gap as far as possible little, and with the guide pipe parts welding seam part position that assembles in the welding cell that is connected with the permanent current argon, to keep the cleannes at weld seam position.Simultaneously, the slope that makes the welding current ascending curve when welding is 90 degree, makes the very fast fusing overlap joint in weldment both sides, forms weld seam.
Scalelike mark and the inhomogeneous defective of weld seam width may appear in the face of weld of fusing.Producing scalelike mark mainly is to select improper causing because of pulse frequency.Frequency is too high then similar with the direct current welding, is unfavorable for little electric current welding heat energy input control.Adopting pulse frequency through test is 24～28Hz, and welding effect is good, and naked eyes are difficult for finding out the weld seam scalelike mark, and face of weld is smooth.Weld seam width is inhomogeneous then to be because due to the thermal accumlation.If the heat energy that electric arc is produced with same current will make weld seam be heated to melting point metal from room temperature, when beginning to weld, weldment is in cold conditions, and the metal fever conduction is fast, and loses heat is many, thereby it is few to play the solder joint metal molten, weld seam is narrow, and along with weldment rotates, the back weld seam is gradually wide.As circular weld is begun to be divided into four districts playing a solder joint, must be that second district is the narrowest, the 3rd district next, the 4th district's broad, first district is because of being overlapping welding zone, weld seam is the wideest.So at t weld interval
2In=7～9 seconds, control the welding current curve, make peak point current after the starting the arc, have one completely to be worth t weld interval
1Be controlled at 3～4 seconds, slowly decay welding then, t weld interval slowly decays
2-t
1Be controlled at 4～5 seconds, the decay current value is controlled at Δ I=3～5A, so that the heat that four districts of circular weld are obtained is roughly the same, guarantees that weld seam width is even.By about so only poor 0.1mm of welding current curve controlled welded seam width.
The welding current size directly influences the weld penetration size, and when welding current was too small, not only fusion penetration did not reach requirement, and weld seam does not fuse.Overall heat energy input was too many when but welding current was excessive, and appearance of weld is difficult to guarantee that it is concavo-convex weld seam to occur, and the weld seam oxidation is serious.So determining of welding current must be set about from the energy input, comprises with the collocation of speed of welding and taking all factors into consideration.According to thin-walled zirconium 4 alloy pipe characteristics, selected the pulse welding manner, promptly adopt background current to guarantee the stable of welding arc, improve appearance of weld, background current is too little, and the weld seam fish scale is obvious, background current is too big under the same frequency, then influences the integral energy input too much.Adopt peak point current to cause qualified fusion penetration, form the molten bath, easy shrink flanging problem when overcoming the welding of thin-walled zirconium 4 alloy pipes, through soldering test research relatively, determine following pulse welding basic parameter:
The welding current pulse frequency is 24～28Hz, and wherein, when pulse frequency was 25Hz, welding effect was best.Dutycycle: i.e. the ratio of shared time of shared time of peak point current and background current in a pulse cycle, this ratio is 1: 1; Consider that from appearance of weld and fusion penetration peak point current is 2.5～3.1 with the background current ratio; Corresponding speed of welding is 6.5mm/s.To guide pipe and end plug welding, peak point current is 55～60A, and the base value electricity is 20～22A, and according to caliber, corresponding speed of welding is 9～10r/min.Optimum value, peak point current are 56A, and background current is 22A, and speed of welding is 10r/min.For guide pipe and sleeve pipe welding, peak point current is 45～50A, and background current is 17～19A, is 7.5～8.5r/min according to the corresponding speed of welding of caliber.Optimum value: peak point current is 48A, and the base value electricity is 18A, and speed of welding is 8r/min.
The full-automatic welded tube machine of ZR-4 is adopted in pulsed argon arc welding.Its main performance index: current forms: direct current, pulse; Input capacity: 10KVA; Input voltage 380V, the 50Hz three-phase; Welding current: 0～60A; Pulse frequency: 1～800Hz; Pulse duty factor: 0.1～1; Speed of welding: 2～20r/min; Type of Welding: manual, automatic or full-automatic separately; Current attenuation form: evenly decay, ladder decay or secondary extinction; Weldment diameter: 9～16mm; Production capacity: 30 joints/hour.
The welding oxidation of zirconium 4 alloys also comprises the pollution of gas butt welded seams such as nitrogen, hydrogen except absorbing oxygen, all claim the weld seam oxidation.For preventing the weld seam oxidation, in welding process, adopt argon shield.Purity of argon directly influences the consequence of weld seam oxidation.The nitrogen gas purity that adopts among the present invention is 99.95%～99.99%.By the welding argon of welding gun nozzle ejection, its effect one is that ionization forms electric arc; The 2nd, protect red-hot weld seam not to be subjected to harmful gaseous contamination; The 3rd, cool off weld seam after the blow-out.Welding argon flow is 23～26L/min.Mix from the welding argon protective layer of welding gun nozzle ejection for the permanent current argon that prevents to weld the ejection of cell bottom, need the blowdown time of control permanent current argon and welding argon, when promptly the permanent current argon is sprayed onto the ejection of welding argon till, both are mutually from lock control.The welding argon from forearc 3 seconds to blow-out after 20 seconds.The shape and size of welding gun nozzle to the protection weld seam effect clearly; when the nozzle diameter is 9mm; argon gas is better than the heat affected area to the protective effect of fusion zone; and the fusion zone is subjected to the cooling effect of argon gas to be better than the heat affected area, and heat affected area relative fusion zone argon shield and cooling effect are also poor.Therefore, need to strengthen the nozzle diameter, make its diameter change 18mm into, and in nozzle, add peace one argon gas collector ring, as shown in Figure 3.Among Fig. 3,4 is nozzle, and 5 for being positioned on the collector ring in the nozzle 4, and 6 is the tungsten electrode tip.Have vertical hole of uniform root φ=2mm on the collector ring 5.Making like this and chewing diameter in the nozzle that is adopted is 9mm, and chewing diameter outward is 18mm.Utilize this nozzle under same weld person's flow, can enlarge the argon shield scope, improve the protective effect and the cooling effect of heat affected area.In addition, consider that the welding argon is reflected in welding cell bottom, also can confuse protective layer, need to increase peace one anti-air-flow reflector net, as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5 in welding cell bottom.Among Fig. 4 and Fig. 5,4 for adding the nozzle of collector ring, and 8 is workpiece, and 9 are anti-air-flow reflector net, and 10 are welding cell base plate, and 11 for filling permanent current argon aperture.Utilize anti-air-flow reflector net to make the 45 ° of direction reflections behind reflector net of welding argon, form stable protective layer with the welding argon that guarantees ejection along both sides.
In sum, the welding parameter subordinate list 1.
For preventing that weld seam produces inflatable when the welding of guide pipe and end plug, can strengthen welding conditions, weld seam is broadened, air gap is melted in the molten bath, cool off crystallization again, minimum gas is absorbed by metal or forms indivedual admissible pores.Also can in welding process, vacuumize, guarantee negative pressure in the pipe guide pipe inside, make the weld seam molten bath just (outward) to pressurized, elimination molten bath root inflatable defective.Two kinds of methods relatively, it is better to vacuumize effect in the pipe.Be evacuated down to about 8Pa in the guide pipe and get final product.
Utilize welding procedure provided by the present invention, 20 of welding guide pipe and end plugs, welding guide pipe and sleeve pipe 26 literary compositions, according to the requirement of large nuclear-power element, assay all meets the technical conditions requirement.Interventions Requested and result are shown in subordinate list 2.The formal batch process in batches is total to 1514 of input orientation duct members, and solder yield is 99.4%.The present invention has not only successfully solved the Welding Problems of production domesticization large nuclear power station fuel assembly guide pipe parts, and provides a kind of new process for the sealing boxing of butt joint boxing of China's zirconium 4 alloy thin-wall tubing and fuel rod.
| Parameter name | Guide pipe and end plug welding | Guide pipe and sleeve pipe welding |
| Electricity level diameter | φ2.0mm | φ2.0mm |
| The electrode tapering | 30°±1° | 30°±1° |
| Die opening | 0.4～0.8mm | 0.4～0.8mm |
| Electrode position | Inclined to one side end plug 0.05mm | Inclined to one side end plug 0.05mm |
| The nozzle diameter | In chew φ 9mm; Chew φ 18mm outward | In chew φ 9mm; Chew d φ 18mm outward |
| Argon flow amount | Normal flow: 5～7L/min; Weldering flow: 23～26L/min | Normal flow: 5～7L/min; Weldering flow: 23～26L/min |
| Weldingvoltage | 8～9V | 8～9V |
| Welding frequency | 24～28Hz | 24～28Hz |
| | 1∶1 | 1∶1 |
| Cool time | 20Sec | 20Sec |
| Welding current | Peak value: 55～60A; Base value: 20～22A | Peak value: 45～50A; Base value: 17～19A |
| Speed of welding | 9～10r/min | 7.5～8.5r/min |
| Classification | Interventions Requested | Test sample quantity | Assay |
| Guide pipe and end plug | The apparent size check | 20 | The seam surface light, 0.11～0.32mm beats in the postwelding end |
| The X-ray transillumination | 20 | 13 qualified, and 7 have slight inflatable (qualified) | |
| Metallographic detects | 8 | Fusion penetration 〉=wall thickness | |
| Corrosion test | 8 | The evenly no abnormal discovery of black oxide film of surface | |
| Guide pipe and sleeve pipe | The apparent size check | 26 | The face of weld light, 0.06～0.24mm beats in the postwelding end |
| Test is stretched in the position | 12 | Fracture Force: 6300N～8550N | |
| | 4 | Fusion penetration 〉=wall | |
| Corrosion test | |||
| 10 | The surface is black oxide film evenly, no abnormal discovery. |
2. corrosion test condition: 360 ℃ of temperature; 72 hours pressure 18.7MPa time.
Claims (3)
1. zirconium 4 pulse argon-are welding technology for zirconium 4 alloy thin-wall guiding pipe assembly, it comprises the steps:
(1) cleaning zirconium 4 zirconium 4 alloy thin-wall guiding pipes, end plug and sleeve pipe;
(2) will clean good zirconium 4 zirconium 4 alloy thin-wall guiding pipes, end plug and sleeve pipe and on corking machine, carry out the assembling of upper and lower end weld seam respectively;
(3) the zirconium 4 zirconium 4 alloy thin-wall guiding pipe assembly weld seams that assemble are placed in the welding cell that is connected with the permanent current argon;
(4) in the welding cell, protect welding zone that zirconium 4 zirconium 4 alloy thin-wall guiding pipe assemblies are carried out pulsed argon arc welding by the welding argon of welding gun nozzle ejection;
It is characterized in that: in step (1), the guide pipe mouth of pipe dips in acetone with silk and cleans, and end plug and sleeve pipe adopt ultrasonic wave to clean; In step (2), control tamponade power is 2300～2350N, makes welding line joint gap≤0.1mm; In step (3), the permanent current argon flow that is fed in the welding cell by welding cell bottom aperture is 5～7L/min, purity of argon be 99.95%～99.99%, logical argon gas when argon is welded in the ejection of welding gun nozzle till; In step (4), chewing diameter in the welding gun nozzle that adopts is 9mm, chewing diameter outward is 18mm, welding argon flow by the ejection of welding gun nozzle is 23～26L/min, purity of argon is 99.95%～99.99%, the welding argon time that feeds is being played forearc 3 seconds to the blow-out 20 seconds, select tungsten electrode diameter phi=2.0mm for use, its tapering is 30 ° ± 1 °, and die opening is 0.4～0.8mm, inclined to one side end plug in tungsten electrode position or sleeve pipe 0.05mm, the weldingvoltage that uses is 8～9V, the welding current frequency is 24～28Hz, is 55～60A to guide pipe and end plug welding peak point current, and background current is 20～22A, to guide pipe and sleeve pipe welding peak point current is 45～50A, background current is 17～19A, and pulse duty factor is 1: 1, weld interval t
2=7～9 seconds, wherein completely be worth t weld interval
1=3～4 seconds, t weld interval slowly decayed
2-t
1=4～5 seconds, decay current was Δ I=3～5A, welding t die-away time
3=3 seconds, speed of welding was 6.5mm/s.
2. according to the said a kind of zirconium 4 alloy thin-wall parts of vessels pulse argon-are welding technologies of claim 1, it is characterized in that: when welding guide pipe and end plug, peak point current is 56A, background current is 22A, when welding guide pipe and sleeve pipe, peak point current is 48A, and background current is 18A, and both are 25Hz at used welding current frequency.
3. according to right 1 or 2 said a kind of zirconium 4 zirconium 4 alloy thin-wall guiding pipe assembly pulse argon arc arc welding technologies, it is characterized in that: when the welding guide pipe is held with plug, in step (4), being evacuated down to 8Pa in the guide pipe.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN98100129A CN1087671C (en) | 1998-01-14 | 1998-01-14 | Pulse argon arc welding process for zirconium 4 alloy thin-wall guide pipe component |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN98100129A CN1087671C (en) | 1998-01-14 | 1998-01-14 | Pulse argon arc welding process for zirconium 4 alloy thin-wall guide pipe component |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1223189A CN1223189A (en) | 1999-07-21 |
| CN1087671C true CN1087671C (en) | 2002-07-17 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN98100129A Expired - Fee Related CN1087671C (en) | 1998-01-14 | 1998-01-14 | Pulse argon arc welding process for zirconium 4 alloy thin-wall guide pipe component |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102825369A (en) * | 2012-09-18 | 2012-12-19 | 吴江市物华五金制品有限公司 | Anti-oxidation argon arc welding method for metal pipelines |
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| CN112985236A (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2021-06-18 | 中核建中核燃料元件有限公司 | Method for rapidly and visually inspecting weld penetration without measuring tool |
| CN114986130B (en) * | 2022-05-23 | 2024-02-02 | 上海电气核电设备有限公司 | Back gas protection method for butt welding of thin-wall pipe and large-cavity container pipe joint |
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| SU1440643A1 (en) * | 1987-05-08 | 1988-11-30 | Институт Электросварки Им.Е.О.Патона | Method of arc welding of zirconium with titanium |
| JPH03248788A (en) * | 1990-02-22 | 1991-11-06 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Method for welding zirconium alloy structure for nuclear fuel |
| RU2043890C1 (en) * | 1992-09-21 | 1995-09-20 | Производственное объединение "Чепецкий механический завод" | Method for manufacture of products from zirconium and zirconium alloys |
| JP3248788B2 (en) * | 1993-07-16 | 2002-01-21 | 株式会社リコー | Image forming device |
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| SU1440643A1 (en) * | 1987-05-08 | 1988-11-30 | Институт Электросварки Им.Е.О.Патона | Method of arc welding of zirconium with titanium |
| JPH03248788A (en) * | 1990-02-22 | 1991-11-06 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Method for welding zirconium alloy structure for nuclear fuel |
| RU2043890C1 (en) * | 1992-09-21 | 1995-09-20 | Производственное объединение "Чепецкий механический завод" | Method for manufacture of products from zirconium and zirconium alloys |
| JP3248788B2 (en) * | 1993-07-16 | 2002-01-21 | 株式会社リコー | Image forming device |
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| CN1223189A (en) | 1999-07-21 |
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