CN108765246A - A kind of selection method of steganographic system carrier image - Google Patents
A kind of selection method of steganographic system carrier image Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of selection method of the carrier image of steganographic system of the present invention, it is characterised in that include the following steps:Step 1: ten dimensional feature parameters of selected digital image;Step 2: to the mean value of image, variance, entropy, Texture complication, plane complicated degree LSBof α of image lowest order, each bit plane complexity plane value AVEof α of image, this six characteristic parameter normalizeds;Step 3: to histogram smoothness hsmoo, histogram full swing coefficient hmaxoc, histogram maximum value hmax, the minimum 0/1 deviation ratio Derate of bit plane bit stream of image, this four characteristic parameters make segmentation normalized;Step 4: extracting ten dimensional feature parameters of carrier image to be selected, and its feature radar map is drawn, Step 5: according to the feature radar map of more pair carrier images to be selected, selects suitable carrier image to be selected for the carrier image of steganographic system.Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:Being judged by the distribution of the radar map to image and shape can quick and precisely suitable carrier image.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of selection methods of steganographic system carrier image.
Background technology
Steganography is novel Information hiding skill secret information being embedded into the multimedias such as text, sound, image, video
Art, but aesthetic quality and the statistical nature of carrier image are not significantly changed.Carrier image, steganography insertion scheme, secret
Information is three elements of steganographic system, and steganographic system performance indicator can be influenced by these three elements.According to previous research
The result shows that steganography performance index quality is by the multiple characteristic parameter joint effects of carrier image, and steganographic algorithm is different, therewith
Closely related carrier image characteristic parameter also can be different.Image be combined by the pixel arrangement of inherent similitude and order and
At with prodigious stochastic behaviour and huge information content, therefore selection is suitable and has the carrier image of significant complexity
It is the problem of tool acquires a certain degree of difficulty.
Invention content
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a kind of steganographic system carrier image for the above-mentioned prior art
Selection method, the selection method can be the distributions of the carrier image characteristic parameter closely related with steganography characteristic performance index
Visual and clear to reflect, then being judged by the distribution of the radar map to image and shape can quick and precisely suitable carrier figure
Picture.
Technical solution is used by the present invention solves above-mentioned technical problem:A kind of selection of the carrier image of steganographic system
Method, it is characterised in that include the following steps:
Step 1: ten dimensional feature parameters of selected digital image, they are respectively:Mean value, variance, entropy, Texture complication, histogram
Figure smoothness hsmoo, histogram full swing coefficient hmaxoc, histogram maximum value hmax, the minimum bit plane bit stream of image
Plane complicated degree LSBof α of 0/1 deviation ratio Derate, image lowest order, each bit plane complexity plane value AVEof α of image;
Wherein mean value is the average brightness of image;Variance is the rich palette degree of image;Entropy indicates the bit of image gray levels set
Average, per bit/pixel also illustrate the average information of video source;Image texture complexity reflects image sky
Between texture complexity situation;In order to define the smoothness h of histogramsmoo, full swing coefficient hmaxocAnd histogram is maximum
Value hmax, first have to each the point definition oscillation coefficient h for defining histogram functions h (n) and histogramoc[n] (wherein n ∈
{ 0,1 ..., 255 }, for M × N images, histogram functions are denoted as h (n), and wherein n indicates the value of pixel, for gray level image
For, n ∈ { 0,1 ..., 255 }, it is expressed as the frequency that gray value in image is n, i.e.,:
Wherein:
So vibrate coefficient hoc[n] (wherein n ∈ 0,1 ..., 255 }) be:
According to above formula, then having:
Histogram smoothness
The full swing coefficient h of histogrammaxoc=Max (hoc[n]);
The maximum value h of histogrammax=Max (h [n]);
The minimum 0/1 deviation ratio Derate=of bit plane bit stream of image | r-0.5 |, wherein r indicates 0 or 1 in bit stream
In shared ratio;
Remember KNUM(B → W) is that bianry image overturns number along columns and rows black and white, remembers MAXNUM(B → W) is bianry image by row
Theoretically maximum with row black and white overturns number, then 8 bit plane complexity formula for gray level image are as follows:Remember that LSBof α are the complexity of the minimum bit plane of image, AVEof α are eight bit planes of gray level image
Average complexity;
Step 2: to the mean value of image, variance, entropy, Texture complication, plane complicated degree LSBof α of image lowest order, figure
As each bit plane complexity plane value AVEof α, this six characteristic parameter normalizeds;
Step 3: setting threshold value t, to histogram smoothness hsmoo, histogram full swing coefficient hmaxoc, histogram
Maximum value hmax, the minimum 0/1 deviation ratio Derate of bit plane bit stream of image, this four characteristic parameters make segmentation normalized,
Segmentation normalized formula be:
By histogram smoothness hsmoo, histogram full swing coefficient hmaxoc, histogram maximum value hmax, image most
0/1 deviation ratio Derate of low level plane bit stream seeks the y values after segmentation normalized respectively as the x in formula;
Step 4: carrier image to be selected to be extracted to its ten dimensional feature parameters according to step 1, by carrier image to be selected
Plane complicated degree LSBof α of mean value, variance, entropy, Texture complication, image lowest order, each bit plane complexity plane value of image
AVEof α are normalized according to step 2, by the histogram smoothness h of carrier image to be selectedsmoo, histogram maximum
Vibrate coefficient hmaxoc, histogram maximum value hmax, the minimum 0/1 deviation ratio Derate of bit plane bit stream of image is according to step 3
Segmentation normalized is carried out, the value after then ten characteristic parameters are normalized is waited for according to drawing clockwise
Select the feature radar map of carrier image;
Step 5: according to the feature radar map of more pair carrier images to be selected, histogram smoothness h is selectedsmoo, histogram
Full swing coefficient hmaxoc, histogram maximum value hmax, the minimum 0/1 deviation ratio Derate of bit plane bit stream of image is small, image
Lowest order it is plane complicated degree LSBof α, each bit plane complexity plane value AVEof α high of image carrier image to be selected be steganography
The carrier image of system.
Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:The carrier image characteristic parameter radar map that the present invention designs, energy
It reflects the distribution of the carrier image characteristic parameter closely related with steganography characteristic performance index is visual and clear, as
Machinery instrument can reflect a complex power system working order equally, during steganography, secret information insertion person
Can rule of thumb, being judged by the distribution of the radar map to image and shape can quick and precisely suitable carrier image.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is No. 1 image in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the feature radar map of No. 1 image in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is No. 2 images in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the feature radar map of No. 2 images in the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
Below in conjunction with attached drawing embodiment, present invention is further described in detail.
The selection method of the carrier image of steganographic system provided in this embodiment comprising following steps:
Step 1: ten dimensional feature parameters of selected digital image, they are respectively:Mean value, variance, entropy, Texture complication, histogram
Figure smoothness hsmoo, histogram full swing coefficient hmaxoc, histogram maximum value hmax, the minimum bit plane bit stream of image
Plane complicated degree LSBof α of 0/1 deviation ratio Derate, image lowest order, each bit plane complexity plane value AVEof α of image;
Wherein mean value Mean illustrates the average brightness of piece image;Variance Variance indicates that picture tone enriches journey
Degree;Entropy Entropy illustrate image contain information content number, for gray level image C, pixel value be i appearance it is general
Rate is pi, i=0,1 ..., 255, then piece image entropy Entropy values are defined as:
Image texture complexity Complexity reflects the situation of the texture complexity of image space, for M × N images,
cijIndicate the pixel value of the i-th row jth row pixel, the value of i is 1,2 ... the value of M, j is 1,2 ... N, its definition
It is as follows:
In order to define the smoothness h of histogramsmoo, full swing coefficient hmaxocAnd histogram highest value hmax, first have to
Define each point definition oscillation coefficient h of histogram functions h (n) and histogramoc[n] (wherein n ∈ { 0,1 ..., 255 },
For M × N images, gray level image is converted thereof into, histogram functions are denoted as h (n), and wherein n indicates the value of pixel, for ash
It spends for image, n ∈ { 0,1 ..., 255 }, it is expressed as the frequency that gray value in image is n, i.e.,:
Wherein:
So vibrate coefficient hoc[n] (wherein n ∈ 0,1 ..., 255 }) be:
According to above formula, then having:
Histogram smoothness
The full swing coefficient h of histogrammaxoc=Max (hoc[n]);
The maximum value h of histogrammax=Max (h [n]);
The minimum 0/1 deviation ratio Derate=of bit plane bit stream of image | r-0.5 |, wherein r indicates 0 or 1 in bit stream
In shared ratio;
Remember KNUM(B → W) is that bianry image overturns number along columns and rows black and white, remembers MAXNUM(B → W) is bianry image by row
Theoretically maximum with row black and white overturns number, then 8 bit plane complexity formula for gray level image are as follows:Remember that LSBof α are the complexity of the minimum bit plane of image, AVEof α are eight bit planes of gray level image
Average complexity;
Step 2: to the mean value of image, variance, entropy, Texture complication, plane complicated degree LSBof α of image lowest order, figure
As each bit plane complexity plane value AVEof α, this six characteristic parameter normalizeds, the formula of normalized is:Wherein x refers to some image features value before normalization, and y refers to characteristics of image ginseng after normalization
Several values, maxx and minx are preset constant, and for each characteristic parameter, the numerical value of maxx and minx is different;The present embodiment
In, maxx is the maximum value of this feature parameter of all images in the standard gallery BOSSbase1.01 in steganographic system, minx
It is the minimum value of this feature parameter of all images in standard gallery BOSSbase1.01;
Step 3: setting threshold value t, threshold value t is parameter preset, to histogram smoothness hsmoo, histogram full swing
Coefficient hmaxoc, histogram maximum value hmax, the minimum 0/1 deviation ratio Derate of bit plane bit stream of image, this four characteristic parameters
Make segmentation normalized, the formula for being segmented normalized is:
By histogram smoothness hsmoo, histogram full swing coefficient hmaxoc, histogram maximum value hmax, image most
0/1 deviation ratio Derate of low level plane bit stream seeks the y values after segmentation normalized respectively as the x in formula;
Step 4: carrier image to be selected to be extracted to its ten dimensional feature parameters according to step 1, by carrier image to be selected
Plane complicated degree LSBof α of mean value, variance, entropy, Texture complication, image lowest order, each bit plane complexity plane value of image
AVEof α are normalized according to step 2, by the histogram smoothness h of carrier image to be selectedsmoo, histogram maximum
Vibrate coefficient hmaxoc, histogram maximum value hmax, the minimum 0/1 deviation ratio Derate of bit plane bit stream of image is according to step 3
Segmentation normalized is carried out, the value after then ten characteristic parameters are normalized is waited for according to drawing clockwise
Select the feature radar map of carrier image;
Step 5: according to the feature radar map of more pair carrier images to be selected, histogram smoothness h is selectedsmoo, histogram
Full swing coefficient hmaxoc, histogram maximum value hmax, the minimum 0/1 deviation ratio Derate of bit plane bit stream of image it is small, image
Plane complicated degree LSBof α of lowest order, each bit plane complexity plane value AVEof α of image big carrier image to be selected is steganography
The carrier image of system.
It in this step, needs to test a large amount of carrier images, finds out the feature ginseng for the carrier image for being suitable as steganographic system
Common trait possessed by number radar map:Histogram smoothness hsmoo, histogram full swing coefficient hmaxoc, histogram most
Big value hmax, the minimum 0/1 deviation ratio Derate of bit plane bit stream of image it is small, plane complicated degree LSBof α of image lowest order, image
Each bit plane complexity plane value AVEof α are big.
Such as histogram profit and loss compensation steganography method, histogram smoothness hsmoo, histogram full swing
Coefficient hmaxoc, histogram maximum value hmax, the minimum 0/1 deviation ratio Derate of bit plane bit stream of image it is less than normal, image lowest order
Plane complicated degree LSBof α, each bit plane complexity plane value AVEof α of image higher carrier image is preferable carrier figure
Picture, and for mean value, variance, entropy, Texture complication, then there is no limit for this four characteristic parameters;
Attached drawing 2 is the feature radar map of No. 1 image obtained using method provided by the invention, and attached drawing 4 is to use this hair
The feature radar map for No. 2 images that the method for bright offer obtains, for the steganography method compensated based on histogram profit and loss, 1
Number image belongs to performance preferably carrier image, its main feature is that having smaller hmax、hmaxoc、hsmooValue, Derate is similar to
Zero, the plane complicated degree of complexity and average bit of lowest order is higher, therefore the anti-statistic mixed-state of steganographic system and safety
Also higher, and the performance of No. 2 images is poor, image has larger hmax、hmaxoc、hsmoo, Derate value, and texture is complicated
Degree, the complexity of lowest order and the plane complicated degree of average bit smaller, the anti-statistic mixed-state of corresponding steganographic system and safety
Also poor.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of selection method of the carrier image of steganographic system, it is characterised in that include the following steps:
Step 1: ten dimensional feature parameters of selected digital image, they are respectively:Mean value, variance, entropy, Texture complication, histogram are flat
Slippery hsmoo, histogram full swing coefficient hmaxoc, histogram maximum value hmax, the minimum bit plane bit stream of image 0/1 partially
Plane complicated degree LSBof α of rate Derate, image lowest order, each bit plane complexity plane value AVEof α of image;Wherein
Value is the average brightness of image;Variance is the rich palette degree of image;Entropy indicates the bit average of image gray levels set,
Per bit/pixel also illustrates the average information of video source;Image texture complexity reflects the texture of image space
Complicated situation;In order to define the smoothness h of histogramsmoo, full swing coefficient hmaxocAnd histogram highest value hmax, first
First to define each point definition oscillation coefficient h of histogram functions h (n) and histogramoc[n] (wherein n ∈ 0,1 ...,
255 }, for M × N images, histogram functions are denoted as h (n), and wherein n indicates the value of pixel, for gray level image, n ∈
{ 0,1 ..., 255 }, it is expressed as the frequency that gray value in image is n, i.e.,:
Wherein:
So vibrate coefficient hoc[n] (wherein n ∈ 0,1 ..., 255 }) be:
According to above formula, then having:
Histogram smoothness
The full swing coefficient h of histogrammaxoc=Max (hoc[n]);
The maximum value h of histogrammax=Max (h [n]);
The minimum 0/1 deviation ratio Derate=of bit plane bit stream of image | r-0.5 |, wherein r indicates 0 or 1 institute in the bitstream
The ratio accounted for;
Remember KNUM(B → W) is that bianry image overturns number along columns and rows black and white, remembers MAXNUM(B → W) be bianry image in rows and columns
The theoretically maximum overturning number of black and white, then 8 bit plane complexity formula for gray level image are as follows:Remember that LSBof α are the complexity of the minimum bit plane of image, AVEof α are eight bit planes of gray level image
Average complexity;
Step 2: each to the mean value of image, variance, entropy, Texture complication, plane complicated degree LSBof α of image lowest order, image
A bit plane complexity plane value AVEof α, this six characteristic parameter normalizeds;
Step 3: setting threshold value t, to histogram smoothness hsmoo, histogram full swing coefficient hmaxoc, histogram maximum
Value hmax, the minimum 0/1 deviation ratio Derate of bit plane bit stream of image, this four characteristic parameters make segmentation normalized, are segmented
The formula of normalized is:
By histogram smoothness hsmoo, histogram full swing coefficient hmaxoc, histogram maximum value hmax, image lowest order
0/1 deviation ratio Derate of plane bit stream seeks the y values after segmentation normalized respectively as the x in formula;
Step 4: carrier image to be selected to be extracted to its ten dimensional feature parameters according to step 1, by the mean value of carrier image to be selected,
Plane complicated degree LSBof α of variance, entropy, Texture complication, image lowest order, each bit plane complexity plane value AVEof of image
α is normalized according to step 2, by the histogram smoothness h of carrier image to be selectedsmoo, histogram full swing system
Number hmaxoc, histogram maximum value hmax, the minimum 0/1 deviation ratio Derate of bit plane bit stream of image divided according to step 3
Section normalized, value after then ten characteristic parameters are normalized according to drawing carrier to be selected clockwise
The feature radar map of image;
Step 5: according to the feature radar map of more pair carrier images to be selected, histogram smoothness h is selectedsmoo, histogram maximum
Vibrate coefficient hmaxoc, histogram maximum value hmax, the minimum 0/1 deviation ratio Derate of bit plane bit stream of image it is small, image is minimum
The carrier image to be selected big each bit plane complexity plane value AVEof α of bit plane complexity LSBof α, image is steganographic system
Carrier image.
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